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Identifying genetic susceptibility to Aspergillus fumigatus infection using collaborative cross mice and RNA-Seq approach
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作者 Roa'a H.S.Yosief Iqbal M.Lone +3 位作者 Aharon Nachshon Heinz Himmelbauer Irit Gat-Viks Fuad A.Iraqi 《Animal Models and Experimental Medicine》 CAS CSCD 2024年第1期36-47,共12页
Background:Aspergillus fumigatus(Af)is one of the most ubiquitous fungi and its infection potency is suggested to be strongly controlled by the host genetic back-ground.The aim of this study was to search for candidat... Background:Aspergillus fumigatus(Af)is one of the most ubiquitous fungi and its infection potency is suggested to be strongly controlled by the host genetic back-ground.The aim of this study was to search for candidate genes associated with host susceptibility to Aspergillus fumigatus(Af)using an RNAseq approach in CC lines and hepatic gene expression.Methods:We studied 31 male mice from 25 CC lines at 8 weeks old;the mice were infected with Af.Liver tissues were extracted from these mice 5 days post-infection,and next-generation RNA-sequencing(RNAseq)was performed.The GENE-E analysis platform was used to generate a clustered heat map matrix.Results:Significant variation in body weight changes between CC lines was ob-served.Hepatic gene expression revealed 12 top prioritized candidate genes differ-entially expressed in resistant versus susceptible mice based on body weight changes.Interestingly,three candidate genes are located within genomic intervals of the previ-ously mapped quantitative trait loci(QTL),including Gm16270 and Stox1 on chromo-some 10 and Gm11033 on chromosome 8.Conclusions:Our findings emphasize the CC mouse model's power in fine mapping the genetic components underlying susceptibility towards Af.As a next step,eQTL analysis will be performed for our RNA-Seq data.Suggested candidate genes from our study will be further assessed with a human cohort with aspergillosis. 展开更多
关键词 aspergillus fumigatus infection collaborative cross(CC)mice gene expression profile gene-network host susceptibility quantitative trait loci(QTL)mapping RNA-SEQ
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Follow-up study of hepatitis C virus infection in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis for 30 months 被引量:17
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作者 Nian Song Wang Lu Tan Liao +2 位作者 Yan Juan Zhu Wei Pan Fang Fang 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2000年第6期888-892,共5页
INTRODUCTIONA high prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus(HCV)(range from 3.3%-80%)has beenreported in hemodialysis(HD)patients,andworrisome as it often becomes chronic and induceschronic liver disease,therefor... INTRODUCTIONA high prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus(HCV)(range from 3.3%-80%)has beenreported in hemodialysis(HD)patients,andworrisome as it often becomes chronic and induceschronic liver disease,therefore thenephrologists face a major challenge of how toprevent it.The main route of HCV transmission 展开更多
关键词 hepatitis C virus HEMODIALYSIS blood TRANSFUSION -cross infection POLYMERASE chain reaction risk factors FOLLOW-UP studies
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Mi R-122 in hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus dual infection 被引量:6
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作者 Kyoungsub Song Chang Han +2 位作者 Srikanta Dash Luis A Balart Tong Wu 《World Journal of Hepatology》 CAS 2015年第3期498-506,共9页
Hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) infections are the most common causes of chronic liver diseases and hepatocelluar carcinomas. Over the past few years, the liver-enriched micro RNA-122(mi R-122) has b... Hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) infections are the most common causes of chronic liver diseases and hepatocelluar carcinomas. Over the past few years, the liver-enriched micro RNA-122(mi R-122) has been shown to differentially regulate viral replication of HBV and HCV. It is notable that thelevel of mi R-122 is positively and negatively regulated by HCV and HBV, respectively. Consistent with the welldocumented phenomenon that mi R-122 promotes HCV accumulation, inhibition of mi R-122 has been shown as an effective therapy for the treatment of HCV infection in both chimpanzees and humans. On the other hand, mi R-122 is also known to block HBV replication, and HBV has recently been shown to inhibit mi R-122 expression; such a reciprocal inhibition between mi R-122 and HBV suggests an intriguing possibility that mi R-122 replacement may represent a potential therapy for treatment of HBV infection. As HBV and HCV have shared transmission routes, dual infection is not an uncommon scenario, which is associated with more advanced liver disease than either HBV or HCV mono-infection. Thus, there is a clear need to further understand the interaction between HBV and HCV and to delineate the role of mi R-122 in HBV/HCV dual infection in order to devise effective therapy. This review summarizes the current understanding of HBV/HCV dual infection, focusing on the pathobiological role and therapeutic potential of mi R-122. 展开更多
关键词 miR-122 HEPATITIS B VIRUS HEPATITIS C VIRUS HEPATITIS B virus/hepatitis C VIRUS dual infection
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Nosocomial infection and spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital staff,patients and caregivers
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作者 Chih-Chien Cheng Li-Yun Fann +3 位作者 Yi-Chang Chou Chia-Chen Liu Hsiao-Yun Hu Dachen Chu 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2022年第34期12559-12565,共7页
BACKGROUND There are difficulties in diagnosing nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection in hospital settings. Furthermore, mortality of cases of nosocomial infe... BACKGROUND There are difficulties in diagnosing nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection in hospital settings. Furthermore, mortality of cases of nosocomial infection(NI) with SARS-CoV-2 is higher than that of the general infected population. In the early stage of the pandemic in Taiwan, as patients were not tested for SARS-CoV-2 at admission, NIs often go undetected. Strictly applying the systematic polymerase chain reaction(PCR) screening, as a standard infection control measure was subsequently implemented to reduce NI incidence. However, evidence on risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 NIs among healthcare workers(HCWs) and caregivers is limited.AIM To assess NI incidence of SARS-CoV-2 among hospital staff, hospitalized patients, and caregivers, and the transmission routes of clusters of infection.METHODS This descriptive retrospective analysis at our hospital from May 15 to August 15, 2021 included data on 132 SARS-CoV-2 NIs cases among hospital staff, inpatients, and caregivers who previously tested negative but subsequently identified with a positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase-PCR(RT-PCR) test results, or a hospital staff who tested positive following routine SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the differences between hospital staff and private caregivers, and between clusters and sporadic infections.RESULTS Overall, 9149 patients and 2005 hospital staff members underwent routine SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing, resulting in 12 confirmed cluster and 23 sporadic infections. Among the index cases of the clusters, three(25%) cases were among hospital staff and nine(75%) cases were among other contacts. Among sporadic infections, 21(91%) cases were among hospital staff and two(9%) cases were among other contacts(P < 0.001). There was an average of 8.08 infections per cluster. The secondary cases of cluster infection were inpatients(45%), hospital staff(30%), and caregivers(25%). Private caregivers constituted 27% and 4% of the clusters and sporadic infections, respectively(P = 0.024);92.3% of them were infected in the clusters. The mortality rate was 0.0%.CONCLUSION The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was relatively high among private caregivers, indicating a need for infection control education in this group, such as social distancing, frequent handwashing, and wearing PPE. 展开更多
关键词 COVID-19 SARS CoV-2 cross infection INCIDENCE Retrospective studies infection control
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Infections Related to Health Care in Newborns: Documental Study Based on Analysis of Research Database
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作者 Lucas Lima de Carvalho Lucas Rodrigues Claro +12 位作者 Amanda dos Santos Cabral Marcela Pereira da Silva Mello Bruna Liane Passos Lucas Marcelly Valadares Souza Simone Fonseca Lucas Alexandre Oliveira Tellles Ravini Fernandez dos Santos Vieira dos Santos Marcia Augusta Pereira dos Santos Claudia Lima Campos Alzuguir Maria Cristina Dias da Silva Antonio Eduardo Vieira dos Santos Maria Antonieta Rubio Tyrrell Eduardo Alexander Júlio César Fonseca Lucas 《Health》 2020年第10期1360-1370,共11页
This documentary research aimed to describe the results of an epidemiological survey that sought to determine the prevalence of Infections Related to Health Care (IRHC) in newborns admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Car... This documentary research aimed to describe the results of an epidemiological survey that sought to determine the prevalence of Infections Related to Health Care (IRHC) in newborns admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at the city of Rio de Janeiro. For methodology, the existing data in the original research database were used as the primary source. The method used was the case study in a quantitative approach. The data have been statistically arranged by odds ratio, which measured the possibility of IRHC development at the 102 newborns, by exposition at the risk factors. Results: IRHC prevalence with pneumonias, sepsis, navel’s infection and ocular infections predominance rises. Prematures are 4.10 more susceptible. Twelve hours after amniotic rupture there are 1.77 more chances of infections. Babies with more than 10 days of hospitalization are 4.70 more susceptible than those with 10 days. The registers examined were incipient at the IRHC’s characterization, beginning and duration, which make the IRHC’s diagnostic/notification difficult. 展开更多
关键词 Neonatal Nursing cross infection Data Interpretation STATISTICAL
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MIS智能接口中汉语分词系统的设计与应用 被引量:5
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作者 谈文蓉 杨宪泽 +1 位作者 谈进 刘莉 《计算机科学》 CSCD 北大核心 2006年第7期204-206,共3页
提供汉语检索接口是MIS应用的一大趋势,其主要困难在于如何让计算机理解汉语检索用语,为此本文构建了MIS智能检索接口中的汉语分词系统,并提出了分词策略。对汉语切分中的歧义问题进行了深入的探讨,应用互信息和t-信息差完成了消歧算法... 提供汉语检索接口是MIS应用的一大趋势,其主要困难在于如何让计算机理解汉语检索用语,为此本文构建了MIS智能检索接口中的汉语分词系统,并提出了分词策略。对汉语切分中的歧义问题进行了深入的探讨,应用互信息和t-信息差完成了消歧算法的设计。实验表明,该系统具有较高的切分正确率与效率。 展开更多
关键词 miS 自动分词 切分歧义 交集型歧义 组合型歧义
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Risk of transmission of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and related “superbugs” during gastrointestinal endoscopy 被引量:28
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作者 Lawrence F Muscarella 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy》 CAS 2014年第10期457-474,共18页
To evaluate the risk of transmission of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae(CRE) and their related superbugs during gastrointestinal(GI) endoscopy. Reports of outbreaks linked to GI endoscopes contami-nated with d... To evaluate the risk of transmission of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae(CRE) and their related superbugs during gastrointestinal(GI) endoscopy. Reports of outbreaks linked to GI endoscopes contami-nated with different types of infectious agents, includ-ing CRE and their related superbugs, were reviewed. Published during the past 30 years, both prior to and since CRE's emergence, these reports were obtained by searching the peer-reviewed medical literature(via the United States National Library of Medicine's "MEDLINE" database); the Food and Drug Administration's Manu-facturer and User Facility Device Experience database, or "MAUDE"; and the Internet(via Google's search engine). This review focused on an outbreak of CRE in 2013 following the GI endoscopic procedure known as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, or ERCP, performed at "Hospital X" located in the sub-urbs of Chicago(IL; United States). Part of the largest outbreak of CRE in United States history, the infection and colonization of 10 and 28 of this hospital's patients, respectively, received considerable media attention and was also investigated by the Centers for Disease Con-trol and Prevention(CDC), which published a report about this outbreak in Morbidity and Mortality WeeklyReport(MMWR), in 2014. This report, along with the results of an independent inspection of Hospital X's in-fection control practices following this CRE outbreak, were also reviewed. While this article focuses primar-ily on the prevention of transmissions of CRE and their related superbugs in the GI endoscopic setting, some of its discussion and recommendations may also apply to other healthcare settings, to other types of flexible endoscopes, and to other types of transmissible infec-tious agents. This review found that GI endoscopy is an important risk factor for the transmission of CRE and their related superbugs, having been recently as-sociated with patient morbidity and mortality following ERCP. The CDC reported in MMWR that the type of GI endoscope, known as an ERCP endoscope, that Hospi-tal X used to perform ERCP in 2013 on the 38 patients who became infected or colonized with CRE might be particularly challenging to clean and disinfect, because of the complexity of its physical design. If performed in strict accordance with the endoscope manufacturer's labeling, supplemented as needed with professional organizations' published guidelines, however, current practices for reprocessing GI endoscopes, which include high-level disinfection, are reportedly adequate for the prevention of transmission of CRE and their related superbugs. Several recommendations are provided to prevent CRE transmissions in the healthcare setting. CRE transmissions are not limited to contaminated GI endoscopes and also have been linked to other reusable flexible endoscopic instrumentation, including broncho-scopes and cystoscopes. In conclusion, contaminated GI endoscopes, particularly those used during ERCP, have been causally linked to outbreaks of CRE and their related superbugs, with associated patient morbidity and mortality. Thorough reprocessing of these complex reusable instruments is necessary to prevent disease transmission and ensure patient safety during GI endos-copy. Enhanced training and monitoring of reprocessing staffers to verify the proper cleaning and brushing of GI endoscopes, especially the area around, behind andnear the forceps elevator located at the distal end othe ERCP endoscope, are recommended. If the ERCPendoscope features a narrow and exposed channel thathouses a wire connecting the GI endoscope's controhead to this forceps elevator, then this channel's com-plete reprocessing, including its flushing with a deter-gent using a procedure validated for effectiveness, is also emphasized. 展开更多
关键词 Endoscopy Gastrointestinal Carbapenemresistant ENTEROBACTERIACEAE cross infection Disease outbreaks HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED infectionS RISK assessment Disinfection Sterilization Anti-bacterial agents Bacterial infectionS CARBAPENEMS Betalactams
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MIS-TLIF椎间Cage融合术治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症的效果及术后切口深部感染的因素分析 被引量:1
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作者 刘伦 吴聪 +1 位作者 贾全忠 贾志刚 《中国医学创新》 CAS 2022年第6期30-34,共5页
目的:分析MIS-TLIF椎间Cage融合术治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症的效果和影响患者术后切口深部感染发生因素。方法:选择2018年1月-2019年10月绵阳四0四医院收治的206例单节段腰椎间盘突出症患者为研究对象,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,每组... 目的:分析MIS-TLIF椎间Cage融合术治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症的效果和影响患者术后切口深部感染发生因素。方法:选择2018年1月-2019年10月绵阳四0四医院收治的206例单节段腰椎间盘突出症患者为研究对象,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,每组103例。两组患者均采用MIS-TLIF术进行治疗,观察组患者采用Cage融合,对照组单纯椎间植骨融合。比较两组手术效果、术后腰椎功能恢复情况、腰腿痛改善效果、椎间融合状况,分析术后切口深部感染的影响因素。结果:两组术中出血量、引流量和术后切口深部感染发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组手术时间长于对照组,住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组优良率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后12个月,观察组ODI、VAS评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后6、12个月,观察组椎间隙高度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);术后12个月,观察组融合率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。切口深部感染患者与无切口深部感染患者手术时间和切口长度比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。手术时间、切口长度是影响患者切口深部感染发生的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:单节段腰椎间盘突出症采用MIS-TLIF椎间Cage融合术治疗具有较好的临床疗效,且手术时间、切口长度是影响患者切口深部感染发生的独立影响因素。 展开更多
关键词 miS-TLIF椎间Cage融合术 单节段腰椎间盘突出症 切口深部感染
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Comparing Resistant Microorganisms Isolated from Patients and Environment in an Intensive Care Unit 被引量:1
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作者 Quésia Souza Damaceno Robert Iquiapaza Adriana C. Oliveira 《Advances in Infectious Diseases》 2014年第1期30-35,共6页
Background: Recently, the probable involvement of surfaces from the hospital environment as a disseminating source of resistant bacteria has been highlighted. The aim of the study was to compare resistant microorganis... Background: Recently, the probable involvement of surfaces from the hospital environment as a disseminating source of resistant bacteria has been highlighted. The aim of the study was to compare resistant microorganisms isolated from inanimate surfaces, equipments and patient blood culture samples in an Intensive Care Unit from Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed from July to October 2009. Data sources were microbiologic samples from environment and patient blood culture. Duplicate samples were obtained by swabs from up to seven different touch sites around two different patients in four different days. Jointly with the environmental samples, bacterial isolates from an adult ICU patients’ routine blood cultures were obtained from hospital laboratory. The samples were identified, tested for sensitivity and compared by rep-PCR test to verify similarity. Results: Difference among the averages of Colony Forming Units was found within the environment samples (p < 0.004). In the environment were identified antibiotic resistant microorganisms such as Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis, imipenem and ciprofloxacin Pseudomonas aeruginosa and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Similarities (60% -80%) were established among environmental and blood culture samples. Conclusion: The environmental sampling showed different averages of contamination of the surfaces and equipment. The similarity among the bacterial isolates of patients’ blood cultures and environmental samples reinforces the hypothesis of the horizontal transference of pathogens. 展开更多
关键词 cross infection BACTERIAL Drug Resistance INTENSIVE CARE Units ENVIRONMENT CONTAmiNATION
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Effect of Disinfectants on Elastic Modulus, Flexural Strength and Color Stability of Denture Base Resins
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作者 Tobias Bensel Jens J. Bock +4 位作者 Lisa Zumpe Sonia Mansour Nadine Blümel Julia Seeliger Arne F. Boeckler 《Open Journal of Stomatology》 2018年第4期135-148,共14页
Objective: Infection control protocols dictate the disinfection of dentures. There are no products available which are designed for the specific use of disinfecting dentures. The objective of this study was to investi... Objective: Infection control protocols dictate the disinfection of dentures. There are no products available which are designed for the specific use of disinfecting dentures. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of chemical disinfectants on elastic modulus, flexural strength and color stability of denture base resins. Methods: 256 specimens from four acrylic denture base resins were manufactured. Two cold-curing denture base resins: PalaXpress (Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany), Futura Gen (Schuetz Dental, Ro&szlig;bach, Germany) and two heat-curing denture base resins: Paladon 65 (Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany), FuturAcryl 2000 (Schuetz Dental, Ro&szlig;bach, Germany) were used. Three chemical disinfecting agents were tested: Impresept, D050 Instru-Gen, Stammopur DR. Specimens were stored in distilled water and in chemical disinfecting agents. They were divided randomly into groups. E-Modulus and flexural strength were measured using the three-point bending test. Color changes (ΔE) were determined spectrophotometrically. Results: The disinfection agents showed no significant influence on the E-modulus compared to distilled water (Acrylic vs. distilled water from (Futura Gen) 2688.80 ± 230.78 vs. 2766.60 ± 91.22 MPa to (PalaXpress) 3004.20 ± 26.40 vs. 2851.00 ± 95.23 MPa). Flexural strength after storage in distilled water and disinfection did not differ significantly (Acrylic vs. distilled water from (Paladon65) 27.28 ± 1.30 vs. 28.42 ± 0.84 N/mm2, (p > 0.05) to (PalaXpress) 30.88 ± 0.25 vs. 29.68 ± 0.79 N/mm2, p < 0.001). Disinfection caused a significant color change with Impresept of Paladon 65 (p ≤ 0.001), FuturaAcryl 2000 with Stammopur DR and D 050 Instru-Gen (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: The investigated disinfection agents did not influence elastic modulus and flexural strength of denture base resins negatively. ΔE-values were in a range of 1 to 2. Thus, the detected color changes may be marginal. Clinical relevance: Single use disinfections are feasible for acrylic dentures regarding to elastic modulus and flexural strength. 展开更多
关键词 cross infection Chemical DISinfectANTS DENTURE Base RESINS Material Characteristics DISinfection
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Epidemiology of Nosocomial Bacteremia Due to Bacteria from the “<i>Burkholderia cepacia</i>Complex” at Libreville University Hospital Center
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作者 Sévérin Medzegue Nguema Priest Davin Nguema +1 位作者 Sophie Aboughe Angone Léonard Kouegnigan Rerambiah 《Advances in Microbiology》 2021年第9期417-427,共11页
<b>Introduction:</b> <i>Burkholderia cepacia</i> is a non-fermenting emergent bacterium common in nosocomial infections and can cause life-threatening infections whose multidrug resistance make... <b>Introduction:</b> <i>Burkholderia cepacia</i> is a non-fermenting emergent bacterium common in nosocomial infections and can cause life-threatening infections whose multidrug resistance makes them a serious threat in hospitals. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of <i>B. cepacia</i> infections during nosocomial infections at Libreville University teaching hospital. <b>Methodology:</b> In this cross-sectional study, lasting 19 months, 412 blood cultures were analyzed. The BacT/ALERT 3D (Biomerieux, France) was used to detect the positivity of blood culture flasks and the Viteck 2 compact (Biomerieux, France) for the identification of germs and the study of their susceptibility to antibiotics. <b>Results:</b> Our study population consisted of 412 patients. The sex-ratio M/F was 1.06 in favor of the male gender (n = 201, 51%). The age of the patients varied between 0 and 82 years. The bacteremia of <i>B. cepacia</i> mainly affected children under 15 years of age with a prevalence of 7% (n = 28). The pediatric ward was more represented with a frequency of 36% (n = 10). The antibiotic sensitivity profile showed high resistance of 100% for aminoglycosides (amikacin, tobramycin, and gentamycin), tetracycline, beta-lactams (Amoxicillin, Imipenem, Ticarcillin, Cefoxitin and Cefotaxime), and ciprofloxacin. However, four molecules were active on <i>B. cepacia</i> (Levofloxacin 100%, Trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole 92.3%, ceftazidime 80% and cefepime 35%). <b>Conclusion:</b> Ultimately, infection and multi-resistance due to <i>Burkholderia cepacia</i> calls for a review of hospital hygiene in the pediatric ward and a review of antibiotic therapy in young children. 展开更多
关键词 cross infection Burkholderia cepacia BACTEREmiA Blood Culture Test Libreville University Hospital Center
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风湿免疫病患者结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率及相关影响因素的多中心横断面研究 被引量:2
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作者 张丽帆 马亚楠 +19 位作者 邹小青 张月秋 张奉春 曾小峰 赵岩 刘升云 左晓霞 吴华香 武丽君 李鸿斌 张志毅 陈盛 朱平 张缪佳 齐文成 刘毅 刘花香 侍效春 刘晓清 中国风湿免疫病人群活动性结核病的流行病学调查和治疗效果及预后研究课题组 《中国防痨杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期29-39,共11页
目的:以结核感染T细胞斑点试验(T-SPOT.TB)检测作为筛查结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染(latent tuberculosis infection,LTBI)的工具,调查我国风湿免疫病患者结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率,并分析影响T-SPOT.TB检测结果的相关因素。方法:纳入自2014年9... 目的:以结核感染T细胞斑点试验(T-SPOT.TB)检测作为筛查结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染(latent tuberculosis infection,LTBI)的工具,调查我国风湿免疫病患者结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率,并分析影响T-SPOT.TB检测结果的相关因素。方法:纳入自2014年9月至2016年3月我国东、中、西部13家三级甲等综合医院接诊的风湿免疫病患者作为研究对象,共计3715例。应用T-SPOT.TB对研究对象进行LTBI筛查。收集研究对象的基本信息,包括性别、年龄、地区、体质量指数、病程、吸烟史、基础疾病、结核病患者密切接触史、结核病既往史,以及糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂及生物制剂的使用情况,实验室化验结果,风湿免疫病诊断结果等。采用单因素及多因素logistic回归模型分析影响T-SPOT.TB检测结果的因素。结果:3715例研究对象T-SPOT.TB检测阳性者有672例(18.1%,95%CI:16.9%~19.3%)。不同风湿免疫病病种患者T-SPOT.TB检测阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=79.003,P<0.001),白塞综合征患者检测阳性率最高(44.4%,32/72),混合性结缔组织病患者检测阳性率最低(8.9%,4/45)。男性风湿免疫病患者T-SPOT.TB检测阳性率为23.6%(168/711),明显高于女性(16.8%,504/3004),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.213,P<0.001)。不同年龄组风湿免疫病患者T-SPOT.TB检测阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=67.189,P<0.001),51~60岁组检测阳性率最高(24.8%,143/577),16~20岁组检测阳性率最低(8.1%,13/160)。多因素logistic回归分析显示:年龄≥41岁(aOR=1.81,95%CI:1.48~2.23),吸烟≥21支/d(aOR=1.66,95%CI:1.15~2.40),有结核病既往史(aOR=3.88,95%CI:2.71~5.57),患白塞综合征(aOR=3.00,95%CI:1.70~5.28)是T-SPOT.TB检测阳性结果的独立相关因素;使用大剂量激素(aOR=0.67,95%CI:0.47~0.96)或生物制剂(aOR=0.55,95%CI:0.36~0.84),淋巴细胞计数偏低(aOR=0.39,95%CI:0.25~0.62),低蛋白血症(aOR=0.72,95%CI:0.52~0.99),以及患多发性肌炎/皮肌炎(aOR=0.54,95%CI:0.29~0.99)、系统性红斑狼疮(aOR=0.75,95%CI:0.57~0.99)是T-SPOT.TB检测阴性结果的独立相关因素。结论:风湿免疫病患者总体结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染率为18.1%,各病种T-SPOT.TB检测阳性率差异明显。当患者有大剂量糖皮质激素、生物制剂的使用,淋巴细胞计数偏低,低蛋白血症,以及罹患系统性红斑狼疮时警惕假阴性结果。 展开更多
关键词 风湿性疾病 分枝杆菌 结核 感染 免疫学技术 横断面研究
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急性髓系白血病合并血流感染的病原菌分布与耐药性变迁及患者死亡的危险因素分析 被引量:1
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作者 纪晓娟 韩浩 张丽侠 《天津医药》 CAS 2024年第2期167-171,共5页
目的探讨成人急性髓系白血病(AML)合并血流感染的病原菌分布与耐药性变迁,并分析患者死亡的危险因素。方法比较85例AML合并血流感染确诊时间的前30个月(2017年1月—2019年6月检出的病原菌)和后30个月(2019年7月—2021年12月)的病原菌检... 目的探讨成人急性髓系白血病(AML)合并血流感染的病原菌分布与耐药性变迁,并分析患者死亡的危险因素。方法比较85例AML合并血流感染确诊时间的前30个月(2017年1月—2019年6月检出的病原菌)和后30个月(2019年7月—2021年12月)的病原菌检出率和主要病原菌耐药率变迁情况。并按患者血流感染后6个月预后分为死亡组33例和生存组52例。采用Logistic回归分析影响AML合并血流感染患者死亡的危险因素。结果85例AML合并血流感染患者共检出98株病原菌,以革兰阴性菌为主(65/98,66.33%),其次为革兰阳性菌(29/98,29.59%)、真菌(4/98,4.08%)。后30个月检出真菌(均为念珠菌)比例较前30个月增多(P<0.05)。后30个月与前30个月检出革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌比例及大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌耐药率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,确诊前1个月内抗生素使用史、感染性休克为AML合并血流感染患者死亡的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论成人AML合并血流感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,但近年念珠菌感染率升高,且血流感染前使用抗生素及并发感染性休克者易出现预后不良。 展开更多
关键词 白血病 髓样 急性 交叉感染 细菌感染 抗药性 细菌 危险因素
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Future Long-Term Care Setting Preferences and Related Factors among Japanese Middle-Aged and Older People Living with HIV
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作者 Ayako Fujita Miki Koyama +5 位作者 Michiyo Kobayashi Miki Morishita-Kawahara Rachel Amiya Kazuko Ikeda Miwa Ogane Kiyoko Kamibeppu 《Open Journal of Nursing》 2023年第5期249-266,共18页
Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy, the life expectancy of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) has extended. This extension has led to an increase in the aging population in Japan and ... Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy, the life expectancy of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) has extended. This extension has led to an increase in the aging population in Japan and globally. Providing appropriate long-term care (LTC) for PLWH has thus become increasingly critical. Our study aimed to describe LTC setting preferences and related factors among middle-aged and older Japanese people living with HIV. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at two hospitals in Tokyo. One hundred seventy-five outpatients aged 40 years and above participated in this study. Participants completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire to assess where they wanted to live once they could no longer care for themselves. Approximately 52.0% preferred a designated facility for older adults or LTC, while 30.3% preferred their home or living with family, a partner, or a friend (“familiar housing”). Bivariate analyses revealed that LTC setting preference was significantly associated with marital status, whether or not the participant had at least one child, and household composition. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis revealed that participants living with non-kin were less likely to prefer living in designated housing facilities for older adults or LTC (adjusted odds ratio = 0.17, 95% confidence interval: 0.05 - 0.63). The study findings suggest that family make-up and composition of cohabiters are critical indicators for LTC setting preference in this population. These findings can be the foundation for future care planning and delivery to meet the unique LTC needs and expectations of the aging population with HIV in Japan and similar global settings. 展开更多
关键词 Aging cross-Sectional Studies HIV infections Patient Preference Residence Characteristics
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院内感染肺炎克雷伯菌的影响因素及其耐药情况调查
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作者 闫菊 周秀梅 张雪芹 《医学临床研究》 CAS 2024年第7期969-972,976,共5页
【目的】探讨院内感染肺炎克雷伯菌的影响因素及耐药情况。【方法】选取2018年3月至2023年1月本院收治的87例院内感染患者作为研究对象,其中28例院内感染肺炎克雷伯菌患者纳入观察组,59例院内感染鲍曼不动杆菌的患者纳入对照组。比较两... 【目的】探讨院内感染肺炎克雷伯菌的影响因素及耐药情况。【方法】选取2018年3月至2023年1月本院收治的87例院内感染患者作为研究对象,其中28例院内感染肺炎克雷伯菌患者纳入观察组,59例院内感染鲍曼不动杆菌的患者纳入对照组。比较两组一般资料;分析菌株来源、耐药性及毒力基因;分析院内感染肺炎克雷伯菌的影响因素及耐药情况。【结果】观察组中有21例(75.00%)为混合感染阳性,其中A型(肺炎链球菌)5例(23.81%)、B型(葡萄球菌)4例(19.05%)、C型(流感嗜血杆菌)2例(9.52%)、A型+B型4例(19.05%)、A型+C型2例(9.52%)、B型+C型3例(14.29%)、A型+B型+C型1例(4.76%)。对照组中有26例(44.07%)为混合感染阳性,其中A型6例(23.08%)、B型5例(19.23%)、C型4例(15.38%)、A型+B型3例(8.69%)、A型+C型3例(11.54%)、B型+C型4例(15.38%)、A型+B型+C型1例(3.85%)。两组年龄、性别、住院时间、白蛋白、科室分布、白细胞(WBC)计数及留置导管、侵入性操作、与感染患者住通病区≥1周、终末消毒残缺占比比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组长期使用广谱抗菌药物、合并其他细菌感染≥2种及前期肺炎克雷伯菌定植占比高于对照组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果:长期使用广谱抗菌药物、合并其他细菌感染≥2种、前期肺炎克雷伯菌定植是患者院内感染肺炎克雷伯菌的危险因素(P<0.05)。28株菌株主要来源于痰液、血液;肺炎克雷伯菌对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢曲松耐药性最高(100%),肺炎克雷伯菌对替加环素(3.57%)、四环素(7.14%)耐药性最低;28株菌株中高黏液性菌株6株(21.43%)、非高黏液性菌株22株(78.57%),高黏液性菌株拉丝实验阳性率高于非黏液性菌株(P<0.05);高黏液性菌株iroN、rmpA及ybtS毒力基因阳性率高于非黏液性菌株(P<0.05)。【结论】长期使用广谱抗菌药物、合并其他细菌感染≥2种、前期肺炎克雷伯菌定植是患者院内感染肺炎克雷伯菌的危险因素,肺炎克雷伯菌对常见抗菌药物耐药性较为严重。 展开更多
关键词 肺炎克雷伯菌 交叉感染 抗药性 多药 影响因素分析
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糖尿病患者发生医院内感染的影响因素风险预警模型构建与预防
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作者 张文华 劳景茂 《现代医药卫生》 2024年第10期1665-1668,1673,共5页
目的探讨糖尿病患者发生医院内感染的影响因素、预警模型构建及预防措施。方法收集2020年1月至2023年1月该院内科收治的1059例糖尿病住院患者的临床资料,分析发生医院内感染的分布特点和危险因素并构建预警模型,总结护理预防措施。结果1... 目的探讨糖尿病患者发生医院内感染的影响因素、预警模型构建及预防措施。方法收集2020年1月至2023年1月该院内科收治的1059例糖尿病住院患者的临床资料,分析发生医院内感染的分布特点和危险因素并构建预警模型,总结护理预防措施。结果1059例患者中发生医院内感染63例,发生率为5.95%,其中下呼吸道感染占55.56%(35/63),胃肠道感染占17.46%(11/63),泌尿道感染占12.70%(8/63),口腔感染占6.35%(4/63),皮肤感染占3.17%(2/63),足部感染占3.17%(2/63),其他占1.59%(1/63)。住院时间长、使用抗菌药物种类多、有侵入性操作、空腹血糖值高均是医院内感染的独立影响因素,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。医院内感染影响因素风险预警模型为Logit(P)=-4.122-0.782×住院时间+2.598×空腹血糖+5.510×使用抗菌药物种类-2.240×侵入性操作。结论糖尿病患者医院内感染发生率较高,其危险因素预警模型预测拟合度较好,预测价值较高。住院期间积极采取有针对性的护理措施可有效预防医院内感染。 展开更多
关键词 糖尿病 交叉感染 影响因素分析 风险预警模型构建 预防
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三级甲等医院ICU中心静脉导管相关血流感染防控护理实践现况 被引量:2
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作者 彭飞 李阳洋 +2 位作者 王芳 荆瑶 蔡虻 《中国护理管理》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期24-29,共6页
目的 :调查三级甲等医院ICU中心静脉导管相关血流感染(Central Line-AssociatedBloodStreamInfections,CLABSI)三级质量控制中的共性问题,为进一步制订干预措施、促进护理质量持续改进提供依据。方法 :基于Donabedian三维质量结构模型,... 目的 :调查三级甲等医院ICU中心静脉导管相关血流感染(Central Line-AssociatedBloodStreamInfections,CLABSI)三级质量控制中的共性问题,为进一步制订干预措施、促进护理质量持续改进提供依据。方法 :基于Donabedian三维质量结构模型,借鉴《预防血管内导管相关血流感染过程质控工具包(推荐版)》中四大指引量表,自行编制ICU中心静脉导管相关血流感染防控护理实践调查问卷,采用便利抽样法于2023年9月—10月对中华护理学会医院感染管理专业委员会委员所在三级甲等医院ICU进行问卷调查分析。结果 :共129家医院的215个ICU完成调查,护理实践结构维度中,156个(72.56%)ICU定期进行CLABSI培训;过程维度中,护士执行率低于80%的项目有10项(31.25%),其中52个(24.19%)ICU在CVC穿刺时使用超声引导,59个(27.44%)ICU采用指南推荐的思乐扣固定导管,55个(25.58%)ICU使用葡萄糖氯己定抗菌敷料。结果维度中,193个(89.77%)ICU填写了CLABSI发生率。结论 :目前CLABSI防控聚焦导管置管和维护过程中的结构、过程及结果环节,但调研发现临床仍未形成同质化的防控措施。建议进一步加强过程质控管理,以期更好地改进护理质量。 展开更多
关键词 中心静脉导管相关血流感染 调查研究 护理 三级质控 医院感染与控制
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基于CRISPR序列的致泻性大肠埃希菌跨种传播风险机器学习模型构建
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作者 冯新元 赵佳雪 +5 位作者 龙金照 胡景妍 席岩岩 陈帅印 杨海燕 段广才 《中国畜牧兽医》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第9期4060-4065,共6页
【目的】基于CRISPR序列信息应用机器学习模型预测致泻性大肠埃希菌感染人的潜在风险,并以此识别具有人兽共患风险的高危菌株。【方法】从Enterobase数据库批量获取806株中国分离的致泻性大肠埃希菌基因组序列信息,提取CRISPR位点的间... 【目的】基于CRISPR序列信息应用机器学习模型预测致泻性大肠埃希菌感染人的潜在风险,并以此识别具有人兽共患风险的高危菌株。【方法】从Enterobase数据库批量获取806株中国分离的致泻性大肠埃希菌基因组序列信息,提取CRISPR位点的间隔序列构造特征,建立机器学习模型并使用交叉验证评价机器学习模型的预测效果。使用最佳模型输出致泻性大肠埃希菌的感染风险,并比较不同动物来源分离株对人的潜在感染风险。【结果】从806株菌株中共获取1093个间隔序列簇,人源分离株独有间隔序列簇为196个,动物源分离株独有间隔序列簇为291个,其中606个二者共享,线性判别分析发现人源和动物源菌株的间隔序列簇分布存在明显差异。以间隔序列簇作为特征,成功构建随机森林模型、逻辑斯谛回归模型、支持向量机模型和梯度提升树模型4种机器学习模型,其宿主预测准确率均超过0.82,受试者工作特征曲线下面积(area under receiver operating characteristic curve,AUC)值均接近0.9。最终确定随机森林模型的分类效果最佳,优化后模型预测准确率为0.844,AUC值为0.915。根据最佳模型输出的致泻性大肠埃希菌的感染风险,猪源分离株感染人的风险最高,羊源分离株感染人的风险较低,极少数禽源分离株可能具备感染人的潜力。【结论】基于间隔序列构建的机器学习模型对具有人兽共患风险的致泻性大肠埃希菌具备一定的识别能力,该模型为传染性疾病防控提供了新思路。 展开更多
关键词 间隔序列 机器学习 致泻性大肠埃希菌 跨种传播风险预测
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临床医务人员呼吸治疗相关感染防控知识与行为调查分析
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作者 毛淑贞 文辉 +3 位作者 刘智群 刘晓华 高敏 袁霞 《医学临床研究》 CAS 2024年第11期1661-1664,共4页
【目的】探讨临床医务人员对呼吸治疗相关的感染防控知识与行为现状并分析其影响因素。【方法】2020年5月15日至30日,选取全国学术委员会、学组等专业微信群内的249例医务人员作为调查对象,采用呼吸治疗相关感染防控知识与行为问卷对临... 【目的】探讨临床医务人员对呼吸治疗相关的感染防控知识与行为现状并分析其影响因素。【方法】2020年5月15日至30日,选取全国学术委员会、学组等专业微信群内的249例医务人员作为调查对象,采用呼吸治疗相关感染防控知识与行为问卷对临床医务人员进行调查。【结果】249例问卷总评分为(53.84±6.02)分。参加呼吸治疗感控知识培训的医务人员知识评分高于未参加者,专职从事呼吸治疗工作医务人员知识评分高于非专职医务人员,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。呼吸治疗相关感染防控行为中,个人防护措施规范使用率100%,呼吸治疗专业设备材料使用率中最低的3项分别为无创通气使用具有封闭式自动续水功能或自制的半自动湿化罐、无创通气采用密闭面罩+细菌过滤器+呼气阀的连接方式、专用雾化装置采用率。【结论】临床一线医务人员对呼吸治疗相关的感染防控知识总体掌握情况较好,但感染防控行为的实施率有待提高。 展开更多
关键词 医务人员 交叉感染/预防和控制 影响因素分析
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Changes in biochemical parameters on the first day after kidney transplantation: risk factors for nosocomial infection? 被引量:4
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作者 YANG Yi REN Liang +3 位作者 ZHANG Yong LIU Hang CAO Bin ZHANG Xiao-dong 《Chinese Medical Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第5期563-568,共6页
Background Nosocomial infection in early post-transplantation period is a tough problem for kidney transplantation. Few reports have explored the relations between biochemical parameters and nosocomial infection in ki... Background Nosocomial infection in early post-transplantation period is a tough problem for kidney transplantation. Few reports have explored the relations between biochemical parameters and nosocomial infection in kidney transplantation. This retrospective study was carried out to describe the characteristics of nosocomial infection in the very early period of kidney transplantation and to determine the risk factors in biochemical parameters and their alterations. Methods Patients who underwent their first kidney transplantation from January 2001 to March 2009 in Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital were recruited and the nosocomial infectious episodes were collected for this study. Gender, age, donor type, delayed graft function (DGF) and biochemical parameters such as serum uric acid, lipids files and albumin on day 0 (before transplantation) and day 1 (24 hours after transplantation) and their changes were analyzed with Logistic regression models for nosocomial infection. Results A total of 405 patients (315 men and 90 women) were involved in this study. There were 80 patients experiencing 113 infection episodes and 105 strains of microorganism were indentified. In univariate analysis, there were significant differences in DGF, albumin on day 0, lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) on day 1, change in low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C, day 1-day 0) and change in uric acid (day 1-day 0) between nosocomial infection patients and noninfectious patients (P 〈0.05). In multivariate analysis, change in uric acid (day 1-day 0) (OR 5.139, 95% CI 1.176-22.465, P 〈0.05), change in LDL-C (day 1-day 0) (OR4.179, 95% CI 1.375-12.703, P 〈0.05) and DGF (OR 14.409, 95% CI 1.603-129.522, P 〈0.05) were identified as independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in kidney transplantation. Conclusions Most nosocomial infections in early postoperative period of kidney transplantation are bacterial, especially with Gram-negative bacteria. The most common infection sites are respiratory tract, urinary tract and surgical site. DGF, decrease of LDL-C and increase of uric acid could increase the risk for nosocomial infections. 展开更多
关键词 delayed graft function cholesterol low density lipoprotein cross infection kidney transplantation uric acid
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