Silicon-based optoelectronic heterogeneous integration for optical interconnection

The performance of optical interconnection has improved dramatically in recent years.Silicon-based optoelectronic heterogeneous integration is the key enabler to achieve high performance optical interconnection,which not only provides the optical gain which is absent from native Si substrates and enables complete photonic functionalities on chip,but also improves the system performance through advanced heterogeneous integrated packaging.This paper reviews recent progress of silicon-based optoelectronic heterogeneous integration in high performance optical interconnection.The research status,development trend and application of ultra-low loss optical waveguides,high-speed detectors,high-speed modulators,lasers and 2D,2.5D,3D and monolithic integration are focused on.

Impact of interconnections and renewable energy integration on the Philippine-Sabah Power Grid systems

This study presents a comprehensive impact analysis of the rotor angle stability of a proposed international connection between the Philippines and Sabah,Malaysia,as part of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)Power Grid.This study focuses on modeling and evaluating the dynamic performance of the interconnected system,considering the high penetration of renewable sources.Power flow,small signal stability,and transient stability analyses were conducted to assess the ability of the proposed linked power system models to withstand small and large disturbances,utilizing the Power Systems Analysis Toolbox(PSAT)software in MATLAB.All components used in the model are documented in the PSAT library.Currently,there is a lack of publicly available studies regarding the implementation of this specific system.Additionally,the study investigates the behavior of a system with a high penetration of renewable energy sources.Based on the findings,this study concludes that a system is generally stable when interconnection is realized,given its appropriate location and dynamic component parameters.Furthermore,the critical eigenvalues of the system also exhibited improvement as the renewable energy sources were augmented.

Design and verification of a satellite-terrestrial integrated IP network model for the Global Energy Interconnection

In order to meet the pressing demand for wide-area communication required by the Global Energy Interconnection(GEI),accelerating the construction of satellite-terrestrial Integra怕d networks that can achieve network extension and seamless global coverage has become the focus of power communication tech no logy development.In this study,we propose a satellite-terrestrial integrated network model that can support interconnection and interoperation on the IP layer between the satellite system and the怕rrestrial segment of the existing power communication system.First,the composition and function of the satellite-terrestrial collaborative network are explained.Then,the IP-based protocol stack is described,and a typical applicati on experime nt is con ducted to illustrate the particular process of this protocol stack.Fin ally,a use case of IP interconn ection that depends on GEO satellite communication is detailed.The experime ntal study has showed that the satellite-terrestrial collaborative network can efficiently support various IP applications for the GEI.

Internet of Lamps for Future Ubiquitous Communications:Integrated Sensing,Hybrid Interconnection,and Intelligent Illumination

The ubiquitous deployment and restricted consumption are the requirements restricting the development of Internet of Things.Thus,a promising technology named Internet of Lamps(Io L)is discussed in this paper to address these challenges.Compared with other communication networks,the remarkable advantage of Io L is that it can make full use of the existing lighting networks with sufficient power supply.The lamps can be connected to the Internet through wired power line communication and/or wireless communication,while the integration of integrated sensing,hybrid interconnection,and intelligent illumination is realized.In this paper,the Io L is discussed from three aspects including sensing layer,network layer,and application layer,realizing the comprehensive upgrade based on the conventional communication and illumination systems.Meanwhile,several novel technologies of Io L are discussed based on the requirements of sensing,communication,and control,which have put forward practical solutions to the issues faced by Io L.Moreover,the challenges and opportunities for Io L are highlighted from various parts of the system structure,so as to provide future insights and potential trends for researchers in this field.

The 8×10 GHz Receiver Optical Subassembly Based on Silica Hybrid Integration Technology for Data Center Interconnection

An 8×10 GHz receiver optical sub-assembly （ROSA） consisting of an 8-channel arrayed waveguide grating （AWG） and an 8-channel PIN photodetector （PD） array is designed and fabricated based on silica hybrid integration technology. Multimode output waveguides in the silica AWG with 2% refractive index difference are used to obtain fiat-top spectra. The output waveguide facet is polished to 45° bevel to change the light propagation direction into the mesa-type PIN PD, which simplifies the packaging process. The experimentM results show that the single channel I dB bandwidth of AWG ranges from 2.12nm to 3.06nm, the ROSA responsivity ranges from 0.097 A/W to 0.158A/W, and the 3dB bandwidth is up to 11 GHz. It is promising to be applied in the eight-lane WDM transmission system in data center interconnection.

ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSMISSION PROPERTIES OF TAPERED MUTLICONDUCTOR INTERCONNECTING BUSES IN HIGH-SPEED INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

Analysis approach and formulas for the transmission properties of uniform multicon-ductor interconnecting buses in high-speed integrated circuits are presented in this article. And further, by using a network approach, a tapered bus system can be analyzed as a set of cascaded uniform buses with slightly different strip widths. Obtained results are in good agreement with the experimental data.

Agent-Based Simulation for Interconnection-Scale Renewable Integration and Demand Response Studies

This paper collects and synthesizes the technical requirements, implementation, and validation methods for quasi-steady agent-based simulations of interconnectionscale models with particular attention to the integration of renewable generation and controllable loads. Approaches for modeling aggregated controllable loads are presented and placed in the same control and economic modeling framework as generation resources for interconnection planning studies. Model performance is examined with system parameters that are typical for an interconnection approximately the size of the Western Electricity Coordinating Council(WECC) and a control area about 1/100 the size of the system. These results are used to demonstrate and validate the methods presented.

Review of the Global Trend of Interconnect Reliability for Integrated Circuit

Interconnect reliability has been regarded as a discipline that must be seriously taken into account from the early design phase of integrated circuit (IC). In order to study the status and trend of the interconnect reliability, a comprehensive review of the published literatures is carried out. This can depict the global trend of ICs’ interconnect reliability and help the new entrants to understand the present situation of this area.

Electricity-Heat-Based Integrated Demand Response Considering Double Auction Energy Market with Multi-Energy Storage for Interconnected Areas

With development of integrated energy systems and energy markets,transactive energy has received increasing attention from society and academia,and realization of energy distribution and integrated demand response through market transactions has become a current research hotspot.Research on optimized operation of a distributed energy station as a regional energy supply center is of great significance for improving flexibility and reliability of the system.Based on retail-side energy trading market,this study first establishes a framework of combined electric and heating energy markets and analyses a double auction market mechanism model of interconnected distributed energy stations.This study establishes a mechanism model of energy market participants,and establishes the electric heating combined market-clearing model to maximize global surplus considering multi-energy storage.Finally,in the case study,a typical user energy consumption scenario in winter is selected,showing market-clearing results and demand response effects on a typical day.Impact of transmission line constraints,energy supply equipment capacity,and other factors on clearing results and global surplus are compared and analyzed,verifying the effects of the proposed method on improving global surplus,enhancing interests of market participants and realizing coordination and optimal allocation of both supply and demand resources through energy complementarity between regions.

Prospects for key technologies of new-type urban integrated energy system

In recent years,primary energy consumption in China’s urban areas has increased rapidly,facing the problems of extensive use of energy,high energy consumption and insufficient intensified use of energy resources.Improving multienergy supply,increasing the proportion of clean energy and integrated energy efficiency are the main goals of urban development.The integrated energy system with multi-functional synergy and open trading will become one of the new directions for the development of new urban energy systems.This paper summarizes the main problems faced by the current towns and the characteristics of the new urban energy system,analyzes the development of new urban energy system from three aspects including energy interconnection hub infrastructure construction,energy management platform construction and energy value sharing,and forecasts the future development direction of new urban energy systems.

Quasi-Dynamic Green’s Functions for Efficient Full-Wave Integral Formulations for Microstrip Interconnects

Integral formulations are widely used for full-wave analysis of microstrip interconnects. A weak point of these formulations is the inclusion of the proper planar-layered Green’s Functions (GFs), because of their computational cost. To overcome this problem, usually the GFs are decomposed into a quasi-dynamic term and a dynamic one. Under suitable approximations, the ?rst may be given in closed form, whereas the second is approximated. Starting from a general criterion for this decomposition, in this paper we derive some simple criteria for using the closed-form quasi-dynamic GFs instead of the complete GFs, with reference to the problem of evaluating the full-wave current distribution along microstrips. These criteria are based on simple relations between frequency, line length, dielectric thickness and permittivity. The layered GFs have been embedded into a full-wave transmission line model and the results are ?rst benchmarked with respect to a full-wave numerical 3D tool, then used to assess the proposed criteria.

高速数字化三维集成式CCD-CMOS图像传感器

为了解决CCD与CMOS工艺兼容性低、互连集成制作难度大,以及芯片间接口匹配和高性能兼备等问题,对CCD器件拓扑结构与像元、CMOS读出电路、三维异质互连集成及高密度引脚封装等技术进行研究,提出了一种1024×256阵列规模的集成式CCD-CMOS图像传感器。该器件实现了CCD信号的高精度数字化处理、高速输出及多芯粒的技术融合,填补了国内CCDCMOS三维集成技术空白。测试结果表明:集成CCD-CMOS器件的光响应和成像功能正常,双边成像效果良好,图像无黑条和坏列,互连连通率(99.9%)满足三维集成要求,实现了集成式探测器件的大满阱高灵敏度成像(满阱电子数达165.28ke^(-)、峰值量子效率达86.1%)、高精度数字化(12bit)和高速输出(行频率达100.85kHz),满足集成化、数字化、小型化的多光谱探测成像系统要求。

基于ESB模式的医疗信息集成平台构建与应用实践

目的为减少应用系统间的重复调用与系统开销,统一服务接口与数据标准,实现医疗信息集成与互联互通。方法搭建医疗信息集成平台,通过企业服务总线(ESB)互联互通接口服务将医院各应用系统对接到信息集成平台上。结果应用ESB模式的医疗信息集成平台实现了系统资源共享与互联互通。以江南大学附属医院为例,顺利完成了院区搬迁、系统融合以及历史数据迁移。结论基于ESB模式的医疗信息集成平台,在推进院区信息集成与医院信息互联互通标准化建设方面,发挥了积极作用。

Signal Integrity for 0.18μm CMOS Technology

The signal integrity problem in 0.18μm CMOS technology is analyzed from simulation.Several rules in this phenomenon are found by analyzing the crosstalk delay and noise,which are helpful for the future circuit design.

计及能量互济的多区域综合能源系统多目标双层优化

多区域综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)的能量供需关系复杂,增加了系统规划及运行调度的难度。为此,提出了计及区域能量互济的多目标双层优化策略。其中,规划层选取年化总成本、㶲效率及年碳排放量作为优化子目标,并对子目标赋予权重因子,建立多目标优化模型;调度层以日运行成本最低为目标函数,并计及区域能量互济的作用。分别采用线性权重递减的粒子群优化算法和整数线性规划方法求解规划及调度问题,实现了二者的协同优化。算例分析表明:双层优化策略将IES的运行特性纳入规划过程,提高了规划方案的可行性;应合理配置多目标优化的权重因子,以实现多目标的合理折中;区域能量互济能够优化IES的运行方式,提高综合效益。

柔性互联输配一体化电网有损潮流的精细化建模及应用

多端柔性互联输配一体化电网内部的运行方式复杂、网损特性差异显著,导致传统一刀切的网损补偿方法难以准确刻画网损的实际情况,影响了输(配)电交直流有损潮流模型的应用潜力和输配边界潮流的一致性。为此,该文提出一种基于双层定点迭代的精细化有损潮流模型。针对网损补偿方法不准确的问题,综合考虑网络类型、数据属性和物理特征等因素,为输、配电网及交、直流电网的精准有损潮流分析建立了差异化的网损补偿模型。针对输配边界潮流的不一致问题,将输配一体化有损潮流建模为一个双层定点迭代问题,并采用主从分裂法实现协同求解。在多个算例中分析了不同有损潮流模型的性能差异及其原因,讨论了所提模型在求解精度、收敛速度和计算效率等方面的优势,验证了所提模型在不同控制方式和优化目标下的鲁棒性和通用性。

多网融合背景下的上海市域铁路网络层面互联互通规划研究

市域铁路作为服务市域、面向都市圈的大运量快速轨道交通,与国铁、都市圈城际制式统一,具备互联互通的先天优势,在多网融合背景下,需要加强网络层面互联互通的规划研究。首先,重点研究互联互通的内涵、功能定位和分类形式,并梳理典型案例,总结互联互通的主要特征;其次,从城市空间结构、节点网络功能等角度出发,根据客流需求、实施条件等提出互联互通的分类原则及方法;最后,结合上海市域铁路网络,提出基于规划导向的网络层面互联互通节点分类,并结合具体案例,在充分考虑各节点的客流需求、运输组织、实施条件等因素后,得出面向实施的网络层面互联互通节点分类。

一种20GHz四通道差分传输CQFN外壳

基于高温共烧陶瓷(HTCC)技术,设计了一款适用于四通道差分信号并行传输的高密度陶瓷四边无引线扁平(CQFN)外壳。差分传输的垂直结构采用侧面城堡结构和金属化过孔相结合的设计,该结构可以在保证差分信号传输质量的同时,兼顾外壳的板级安装可靠性,同时在该结构基础上对金属化过孔直径以及多通道并行结构进行仿真和优化。测试结果表明,在DC~20 GHz频段,该CQFN外壳的单通道差分传输结构的回波损耗≤-10.00 dB,插入损耗优于-1.50 dB,验证了该外壳可以有效地保证信号的完整性。利用实测数据进行信号传输验证,结果表明四通道差分传输结构可支持20 GHz信号传输。

基于硅桥芯片互连的芯粒集成技术研究进展

在后摩尔时代,通过先进封装技术将具有不同功能、不同工艺节点的异构芯粒实现多功能、高密度、小型化集成是延长摩尔定律寿命的有效方案之一。在众多先进封装解决方案中,在基板或转接板中内嵌硅桥芯片不仅能解决芯粒间局域高密度信号互连问题,而且相较于TSV转接板方案,其成本相对较低。因此,基于硅桥芯片互连的异构芯粒集成技术被业内认为是性能和成本的折中。总结分析了目前业内典型的基于硅桥芯片互连的先进集成技术,介绍其工艺流程和工艺难点,最后展望了该类先进封装技术的发展。

考虑互联协同的分布式能源站低碳多目标选址规划研究

“双碳”目标和能源转型的大背景下,区域综合能源系统内部耦合关系不断丰富,对于碳排放的管理不断严格,考虑互联协同的分布式能源站低碳规划问题亟待解决。为此,首先讨论了互联协同分布式能源站空间性能参数矩阵;然后计及负荷-能源站的管线建设以及环境成本、能源站-能源站的互联管线长度、各个分布式能源站规划容量等关键因素,提出了一种考虑互联协同的分布式能源站低碳多目标选址规划模型;最后,讨论了负荷不确定性对分布式能源站选址规划的影响,并且基于基准负荷确定性场景,在某城市实际算例中验证并讨论了考虑低碳需求前后各个分布式能源站的选址结果对比。