Resource Allocation for IRS Assistedmm Wave Wireless Powered Sensor Networks with User Cooperation

In this paper,we investigate IRS-aided user cooperation(UC)scheme in millimeter wave(mmWave)wirelesspowered sensor networks(WPSN),where two single-antenna users are wireless powered in the wireless energy transfer(WET)phase first and then cooperatively transmit information to a hybrid access point(AP)in the wireless information transmission(WIT)phase,following which the IRS is deployed to enhance the system performance of theWET andWIT.We maximized the weighted sum-rate problem by jointly optimizing the transmit time slots,power allocations,and the phase shifts of the IRS.Due to the non-convexity of the original problem,a semidefinite programming relaxation-based approach is proposed to convert the formulated problem to a convex optimization framework,which can obtain the optimal global solution.Simulation results demonstrate that the weighted sum throughput of the proposed UC scheme outperforms the non-UC scheme whether equipped with IRS or not.

Method of distribution and cooperation for electro-optical countermeasures jamming resources

The concept of the method resource is introduced to deal with the cooperative application problem of different electro-optical countermeasure equipments. Based on this concept, a new approach is introduced to distribute the jamming resources of electro-optical countermeasures, and it is used to deploy and manage electro-optical countermeasures resources under the restriction conditions of cooperation and incompatibility disposing. The resource management procedure is formalized by Finite State Machine (FSM). By using the cooperative resource operation system on the basis of multi-agent systems, a complex system with three incompatible swarms is constructed and cooperative operation procedures are demonstrated by simulations.

Analysis of Cooperation between Wind Power and Load Side Resources

Development of the intermittent energy is greatly promoted by change in energy, while consumption of large-scale intermittent energy is becoming a problem. With the development of smart grid technology, controllability of load side resources is becoming more and more important. Based on the wave characteristics of wind power, this paper indicates that wind energy has continuous output characteristics on the hour-time scale. Through analysis on loads characteristic of industry, public facility and resident, this paper gets comprehensive response of load side resources. Considering characteristics of wind power output, combined with different load side resources and DR program, this paper suggests cooperation between wind power and load side resources on different time scales.

Cooperation agreement reached between the Ministry of Land and Resources, Guangdong Province and C

On August 24, 2017, the Ministry of Land and Resources, Guangdong province and CNPC signed in Beijing a Strategic Cooperation Agreement on Promoting the Building of a Pilot Site for Exploring and Exploiting Gas Hydrate in the Shenhu Area of the South China Sea. The conclusion of this agreement will help accelerate the industrial development of gas hydrate in China, and is of great strategic significance to securing the country＇s energy security and optimizing its energy mix.

Analysis on Chinese and Foreign Education Comparison and International Cooperation Opportunity from Cultural Linkage with the Perspective of Resources Integration

This paper conducts the analysis on Chinese and foreign education comparison and the international cooperation opportunity from the cultural linkage with the perspective of the resources integration. The implementation of the cooperative education of production, teaching and research has the essential and internal connection with the implementation of the educational policy of our country, formulates the corresponding policies and regulations, and perfects the corresponding code of conduct and laws and regulations. On the other hand, it can ensure the effective development of the cooperative education while implementing the speci？ c practice of educational policies. In the face of global open concept, in running a school, a high starting point, a high platform to cultivate strong comprehensive and high quality innovative talents as the most basic tenet and make to the rational skepticism, willingness to take risks, dare to fail, dare to independent thinking and imagination and talent. This research proposes the new solution to the challenge that will be meaningful.

A PARAGON OF SUCCESSFUL SINO-JAPANESE COOPERATION——CHINESE RESEARCH CENTER FOR MINERAL RESOURCES EXPLORATION

With the approval of the Chinese and Japanese governments, the Chinese Research Center for Mineral Resources Exploration was inaugurated on August 11, 1994, a project of technological cooperation co-sponsored by the CAS and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Its domestic partners include the Geological Bureau of

A Bandwidth-Link Resources Cooperative Allocation Strategy of Data Communication in Intelligent Transportation Systems

The bandwidth resources allocation strategies of the existing Internet of Vehicles(IoV) are mainly base on the communication architecture of the traditional 802.11 x in the wireless local area network(WLAN). The traditional communication architecture of IoV will easily cause significant delay and low Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR) for disseminating critical security beacons under the condition of high-speed movement, distance-varying communication, and mixed traffic. This paper proposes a novel bandwidth-link resources cooperative allocation strategy to achieve better communication performance under the road conditions of intelligent transportation systems(ITS). Firstly, in traffic scenarios, based on the characteristic to predict the relative position of the mobile transceivers, a strategy is developed to cooperate on the mobile cellular network and the Dedicated Short-Range Communications(DSRC). Secondly, by adopting the general network simulator NS3, the dedicated mobile channel models that are suitable for the data interaction of ITS, is applied to confirm the feasibility and reliability of the strategy. Finally, by the simulation, comparison, and analysis of some critical performance parame-ters, we conclude that the novel strategy does not only reduce the system delay but also improve the other communication performance indicators, such as the PDR and communication capacity.

Resource allocation for cooperative diversity systems based on quadrature modulation

To improve the error performance and the resource utilization of cooperative systems, the optimum resource allocation, i.e., power allocation and partner choice, for an adaptive decode-and-forward （DF） cooperative diversity system based on quadrature modulation is investigated. The closed-form expression of the bit error rate （BER） system performance is derived and an optimal power allocation （OPA） algorithm is proposed to optimize the power allocation between the local and relayed signals under the minimum BER criterion. Based on the OPA algorithm, a partner choice strategy is proposed to determine the partner locations specified by various cooperation gains. Simulation results show that the proposed resource optimization algorithms are superior to the unoptimized algorithms by significantly reducing the BER and improving the cooperative gain, which is useful to simplify the practical partner choice process.

Resource Dependence Relationship between Grass-roots Government and Farmers' Specialized Cooperatives

Based on theories of resource dependence and government functions,this paper analyzed benefit interaction between grass-roots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives in Hubei Province. It was intended to make clear the path dependence relationship between grassroots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives and find out problems in between. Besides,from the perspective of grass-roots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives,it came up with corresponding recommendations,to promote constant improvement of farmers' specialized cooperatives,and help them to become key forces of leading farmers to get rich,pull agricultural economic development,and promote new socialist countryside construction.

No-cooperative games for multiple emergency locations in resource scheduling

When an emergency happens, the scheduling of relief resources to multiple emergency locations is a realistic and intricate problem, especially when the available resources are limited. A non-cooperative games model and an algorithm for scheduling of relief resources are presented. In the model, the players correspond to the multiple emergency locations, strategies correspond to all resources scheduling and the payoff of each emergency location corresponds to the reciprocal of its scheduling cost. Thus, the optimal results are determined by the Nash equilibrium point of this game. Then the iterative algorithm is introduced to seek the Nash equilibrium point. Simulation and analysis are given to demonstrate the feasibility and availability of the model.

Incentive Scheme for Slice Cooperation Based on D2D Communication in 5G Networks

In the 5th generation(5G)wireless communication networks,network slicing emerges where network operators(NPs)form isolated logical slices by the same cellular network infrastructure and spectrum resource.In coverage regions of access points(APs)shared by slices,device to device(D2D)communication can occur among different slices,i.e.,one device acts as D2D relay for another device serving by a different slice,which is defined as slice cooperation in this paper.Since selfish slices will not help other slices by cooperation voluntarily and unconditionally,this paper designs a novel resource allocation scheme to stimulate slice cooperation.The main idea is to encourage slice to perform cooperation for other slices by rewarding it with higher throughput.The proposed incentive scheme for slice cooperation is formulated by an optimal problem,where cooperative activities are introduced to the objective function.Since optimal solutions of the formulated problem are long term statistics,though can be obtained,a practical online slice scheduling algorithm is designed,which can obtain optimal solutions of the formulated maximal problem.Lastly,the throughput isolation indexes are defined to evaluate isolation performance of slice.According to simulation results,the proposed incentive scheme for slice cooperation can stimulate slice cooperation effectively,and the isolation of slice is also simulated and discussed.

Downlink CoMP Resource Allocation Based on Limited Backhaul Capacity

Coordinated Multi-Point(CoMP) transmission is put forward in the Long Term Evolution-Advanced(LTE-A) system to improve both average and cell-edge throughput. In this paper, downlink CoMP(DL-CoMP) resource allocation scheme based on limited backhaul capacity is designed to take a tradeoff between system throughput and fairness. Resource allocation of proportional fairness based on querying table is proposed. It updates RB allocation matrix when center cell has completed resource allocation and delivers the matrix to adjacent cells for their own RB allocation. Furthermore, Water-Filling algorithm based on adaptive water level(AWF) is used for power allocation to boost system fairness. In this paper, performance of downlink CoMP based on limited backhaul capacity and single-point transmission is contrasted, and results indicate that CoMP dramatically enhances system throughput and spectral efficiency. Moreover, AWF power allocation scheme obtains higher system fairness than conventional Water-Filling(WF) algorithm, although it gets slightly lower system throughput. Finally, this paper discussed that the system performance is partially affected by the percentage of CoMP resource.

A Cooperation-planning Model Based on Bilevel Programming Decision

This paper is based on a resource constrained active network project;the constraint of the local resource and the time constraint of the cooperation resource are considered simultaneously.And the respective benefit of the manager and cooperation partners is also considered simultaneously.And a cooperation planning model based on bilevel multi-objective programming is de- signed,according to the due time and total cost.And an extended CNP based on the permitted range for resource and time requests is presented.A larger task set in scheduling cycle is on the permitting for the request of cooperation resource and time while the task manager itself may be permitted biding for tasks.As a result,the optimization space for the cooperation planning is enlarged.So not every bidding task is successfully bid by invitee,and the task manager itself takes on some bidding tasks.Finally,the genetic algorithm is given and the validity and feasibility of the model is proved by a case.

Time-Critical Tasks Implementation in MEC Based Multi-Robot Cooperation Systems

Mobile edge computing(MEC) deployment in a multi-robot cooperation(MRC) system is an effective way to accomplish the tasks in terms of energy consumption and implementation latency. However, the computation and communication resources need to be considered jointly to fully exploit the advantages brought by the MEC technology. In this paper, the scenario where multi robots cooperate to accomplish the time-critical tasks is studied, where an intelligent master robot(MR) acts as an edge server to provide services to multiple slave robots(SRs) and the SRs are responsible for the environment sensing and data collection. To save energy and prolong the function time of the system, two schemes are proposed to optimize the computation and communication resources, respectively. In the first scheme, the energy consumption of SRs is minimized and balanced while guaranteeing that the tasks are accomplished under a time constraint. In the second scheme, not only the energy consumption, but also the remaining energies of the SRs are considered to enhance the robustness of the system. Through the analysis and numerical simulations, we demonstrate that even though the first policy may guarantee the minimization on the total SRs’ energy consumption, the function time of MRC system by the second scheme is longer than that by the first one.

Trading platform for cooperation and sharing based on blockchain within multi-agent energy internet

With the release of the electricity sales side,large-scale small-capacity distributed power generation units are connected to the distribution side,forming multi-type market entities such as microgrids,integrated energy systems,and virtual power plants.With the large-scale integration of distributed energy,the energy market under the energy internet is different from a traditional transmission grid.It is currently developing in the direction of diversified entities and commodities,a flat structure,and a flexible and competitive multi-agent market mechanism.In this context,this study analyzes the value of combining blockchain and the electricity market presents the design of a blockchain trading framework for multi-agent cooperation and sharing of the energy internet.The nodes in market transactions are modeled through power system modeling in the physical layer and the transaction consensus strategy in the cyber layer;moreover,the nodes are verified in a modified IEEE 13 testing feeder of a distribution network.A transaction example is demonstrated using the multi-agent cooperation and sharing transaction platform based on the Ethereum private blockchain.

Optimal joint relay selection and resource allocation with QoS constraints in multiuser OFDM-based cellular networks

This paper investigates the relay selection and resource allocation problem in multiuser orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） based cooperative cellular networks, in which user nodes could relay information for each other using the decode-and-forward （DF） protocol to achieve spatial diversity gain. Specifically, the paper proposes an optimal joint relay selection and resource allocation （0RSRA） algorithm whose objective is to maximize system total achievable data rate with the constraints of each user＇ s individual quality of service （QoS） requirement and transmission power. Due to being a mixed binary integer programming （MBIP） problem, a novel two-level Lagrangian dual-primal decomposition and subgradient projection approach is proposed to not only select the appropriate cooperative relay nodes, but also allocate subcarries and power optimally. Simulation re- suits demonstrate that our proposed scheme can efficiently enhance overall system data rate and guarantee each user＇ s QoS requirement. Meanwhile, the fairness among users can be improved dramatically.

Differential Game Based Link Resource Management for Next Generation Optical Network

In this paper, we investigate the link resource management problem for optical networks, to achieve the resource cost during the information transmission. We use the differential game to formulate the cost control problem for the link resource management, to minimize the resource allocation cost functions, which dynamic behaviours are described by differential equations. Each link controls its transmission bandwidth based on the Nash equilibriums of the differential game. The effectiveness of the proposed model is given through numerical simulations.

Distributed media cooperation for enhanced video communication

The author designed two algorithms for distributed cooperation among multiple video streams sharing common communication resources. The algorithms take advantage of an optimization framework that characterizes video packets such that joint resource allocation can be implemented not only over the packets of a single stream, but also across packets of different streams. The first algorithm enables collaboration among multiple video senders in an 802.11 CSMA/CA wireless network such that their joint performance is maximized. Via the algorithm, the users cooperatively establish transmission priorities based on the assigned characterizations of their video packets. The second technique allows for low-complexity joint bandwidth adaptation of multiple video streams at intermediate network nodes in the Internet in order to maximize the overall network performance. The author analyzes the advantages of the proposed algorithms over conventional solutions employed in such scenarios. It is shown that depending on system parameters such as available network data rate the proposed techniques can provide substantial gains in end-to-end performance.

Interlinkage Between Global Environmental Changes,Water Resources Availability and Quality in the East African Rift:Preliminary Analyses and Some Cases:The MaWARi Project(Kenya,Ethiopia,Djibouti,France)

The East African Rift extending across Djibouti, Ethiopia and Kenya is characterized by low level of economic development,high level of poverty,increasing population,scarce natural resources(land,water, and environment),complex and rich ecosystems, increasing desertification and degrading biodiversity, underdeveloped regional trade and market,water resources mainly stored in groundwater and