Objective:Botulinum toxin type A is frequently used to treat crow’s feet lines.However,the optimal dose and injection sites are still controversial.The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of different...Objective:Botulinum toxin type A is frequently used to treat crow’s feet lines.However,the optimal dose and injection sites are still controversial.The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of different botulinum toxin type A injection patterns for the treatment of crow’s feet.Methods:This single-center,retrospective,clinical study was conducted at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology from July 2020 to December 2020.Data on 60 patients with crow’s feet were collected and divided into 2 groups(3-or 4-point intramuscular injection)according to the intramuscular injection technique the patients received.The treatment efficacy was assessed based on the changes in the Crow’s Feet Grading Scale score at 1,4,and 16 weeks after treatment.Repeated measures analysis of variance was used for the assessment of changes in scores over time between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the average Crow’s Feet Grading Scale score was significantly decreased compared with the pretreatment score at all timepoints(1,4,and 16 weeks)in both states(dynamic:For 3-point intramuscular injection technique,1 week:1.90±0.71 vs.2.97±0.56;4 weeks:1.87±0.68 vs.2.97±0.56;16 weeks:2.60±0.67 vs.2.97±0.56.For 4-point intramuscular injection technique,1 week:1.73±0.83 vs.3.03±0.49;4 weeks:1.73±0.74 vs.3.03±0.49;16 weeks:2.57±0.68 vs.3.03±0.49,all P<0.001.and static:For 3-point intramuscular injection technique,1 week:1.20±0.89 vs.2.20±0.85;4 weeks:1.20±0.89 vs.2.20±0.85;16 weeks:1.87±0.97 vs.2.20±0.85;For 4-point intramuscular injection technique,1 week:1.50±0.86 vs.2.30±0.84;4 weeks:1.33±0.84 vs.2.30±0.84;16 weeks:1.87±0.97 vs.2.30±0.84.All P<0.001).The average subjective patient-rated satisfaction scores after treatment were significantly higher in the 4-point injection group than in the 3-point injection group(P=0.028).The adverse events were post-injection bruising in 3 patients and a feeling of eyelid tightness in 3 patients.Conclusion:Botulinum toxin type A injection is an effective treatment for crow’s feet.Adding a fourth injection maintains the same therapeutic effect and does not increase adverse effects.Patients with lower-fan crow’s feet patterns may benefit more from 4-point injection therapy.However,the present findings require confirmation in studies with larger sample sizes,longer follow-up times,and different botulinum toxin type A doses.展开更多
The gut microbiota significantly influences host physiology and provides essential ecosystem services.While diet can affect the composition of the gut microbiota,the gut microbiota can also help the host adapt to spec...The gut microbiota significantly influences host physiology and provides essential ecosystem services.While diet can affect the composition of the gut microbiota,the gut microbiota can also help the host adapt to specific dietary habits.The carrion crow(Corvus corone),an urban facultative scavenger bird,hosts an abundance of pathogens due to its scavenging behavior.Despite this,carrion crows infrequently exhibit illness,a phenomenon related to their unique physiological adaptability.At present,however,the role of the gut microbiota remains incompletely understood.In this study,we performed a comparative analysis using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technology to assess colonic content in carrion crows and 16 other bird species with different diets in Beijing,China.Our findings revealed that the dominant gut microbiota in carrion crows was primarily composed of Proteobacteria(75.51%)and Firmicutes(22.37%).Significant differences were observed in the relative abundance of Enterococcus faecalis among groups,highlighting its potential as a biomarker of facultative scavenging behavior in carrion crows.Subsequently,E.faecalis isolated from carrion crows was transplanted into model mice to explore the protective effects of this bacterial community against Salmonella enterica infection.Results showed that E.faecalis down-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),interferon gamma(IFN-γ),and interleukin 6(IL-6),prevented S.enterica colonization,and regulated the composition of gut microbiota in mice,thereby modulating the host’s immune regulatory capacity.Therefore,E.faecalis exerts immunoregulatory and anti-pathogenic functions in carrion crows engaged in scavenging behavior,offering a representative case of how the gut microbiota contributes to the protection of hosts with specialized diets.展开更多
Introduction: The use of growth factors and cytokines in skin rejuvenation and reversal of photo ageing is a novel anti-ageing treatment. These factors provide a microenvironment that seems to favor tissue repair and ...Introduction: The use of growth factors and cytokines in skin rejuvenation and reversal of photo ageing is a novel anti-ageing treatment. These factors provide a microenvironment that seems to favor tissue repair and regeneration. Methods: An open label, monocentric, single arm study to evaluate anti-ageing efficacy of conditioned medium obtained from adult human bone-marrow derived allogenic mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSC) along with excipients formulated into a cosmetic serum, was conducted in 40 Indian female population aged 35 to 60 years, belonging to skin type IV - VI of Norwood Scale for a duration of 90 days. Parameters—fine lines, wrinkles, crow’s feet, evenness of skin tone, skin firmness/laxity, hydration of skin, homogeneity of age spots, and visible pores were used to evaluate the anti-ageing and rejuvenating properties of the test product. Results and Discussion: Improvement was seen in majority of parameters starting from 15 - 30 days. Product was safe and well tolerated as per the dermatologist and subjects’ self-assessment.展开更多
Mesotherapy is a mildly invasive procedure involving several subcutaneous drug injections, which are performed simultaneously. The concept is to inject a very small amount of active compounds (hyaluronic acid, vitamin...Mesotherapy is a mildly invasive procedure involving several subcutaneous drug injections, which are performed simultaneously. The concept is to inject a very small amount of active compounds (hyaluronic acid, vitamins, antioxidants, enzymes, humectants, …) and the aim is to stimulate the biosynthetic capacity of fibroblasts, increase collagen and elastin production and to give active essential molecules for a fibroblasts environment. Numerous studies suggest that the mesotherapy procedure improves skin hydration and mechanical properties;however, some results have not been statistically significant. In this study, we investigated an antiaging treatment as a complementary approach to a non-surgical rejuvenating procedure after 5 sessions of mesotherapy. Our main objective was to assess the improvement of face, neck and neckline skin quality, after intradermal microinjections of NCTF 135HA®. This mixture, manufactured by FILORGA Laboratories, includes a non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid, vitamins, antioxidants, mineral salts and enzymes. A statistically significant decrease in the depth of crow’s-feet wrinkles (43.3%) and in pore size (58.5%) was observed. Also, dermatological scores showed a significant decrease, and data suggest that skin tone was improved with a brighter tone. The injected mixture could then have an action on the skin pigmentation process with a photoprotective effect. Evolution of Dermis density was also investigated and an increase of dermal density and thickness were highlighted, showing an improvement of skin firmness with significant increases of dermis thickness (20%) and dermis density (24%), indicating a neocollagen activity.展开更多
文摘Objective:Botulinum toxin type A is frequently used to treat crow’s feet lines.However,the optimal dose and injection sites are still controversial.The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of different botulinum toxin type A injection patterns for the treatment of crow’s feet.Methods:This single-center,retrospective,clinical study was conducted at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology from July 2020 to December 2020.Data on 60 patients with crow’s feet were collected and divided into 2 groups(3-or 4-point intramuscular injection)according to the intramuscular injection technique the patients received.The treatment efficacy was assessed based on the changes in the Crow’s Feet Grading Scale score at 1,4,and 16 weeks after treatment.Repeated measures analysis of variance was used for the assessment of changes in scores over time between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the average Crow’s Feet Grading Scale score was significantly decreased compared with the pretreatment score at all timepoints(1,4,and 16 weeks)in both states(dynamic:For 3-point intramuscular injection technique,1 week:1.90±0.71 vs.2.97±0.56;4 weeks:1.87±0.68 vs.2.97±0.56;16 weeks:2.60±0.67 vs.2.97±0.56.For 4-point intramuscular injection technique,1 week:1.73±0.83 vs.3.03±0.49;4 weeks:1.73±0.74 vs.3.03±0.49;16 weeks:2.57±0.68 vs.3.03±0.49,all P<0.001.and static:For 3-point intramuscular injection technique,1 week:1.20±0.89 vs.2.20±0.85;4 weeks:1.20±0.89 vs.2.20±0.85;16 weeks:1.87±0.97 vs.2.20±0.85;For 4-point intramuscular injection technique,1 week:1.50±0.86 vs.2.30±0.84;4 weeks:1.33±0.84 vs.2.30±0.84;16 weeks:1.87±0.97 vs.2.30±0.84.All P<0.001).The average subjective patient-rated satisfaction scores after treatment were significantly higher in the 4-point injection group than in the 3-point injection group(P=0.028).The adverse events were post-injection bruising in 3 patients and a feeling of eyelid tightness in 3 patients.Conclusion:Botulinum toxin type A injection is an effective treatment for crow’s feet.Adding a fourth injection maintains the same therapeutic effect and does not increase adverse effects.Patients with lower-fan crow’s feet patterns may benefit more from 4-point injection therapy.However,the present findings require confirmation in studies with larger sample sizes,longer follow-up times,and different botulinum toxin type A doses.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2601602)Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(32090023)Beijing Wildlife Rescue Center,China。
文摘The gut microbiota significantly influences host physiology and provides essential ecosystem services.While diet can affect the composition of the gut microbiota,the gut microbiota can also help the host adapt to specific dietary habits.The carrion crow(Corvus corone),an urban facultative scavenger bird,hosts an abundance of pathogens due to its scavenging behavior.Despite this,carrion crows infrequently exhibit illness,a phenomenon related to their unique physiological adaptability.At present,however,the role of the gut microbiota remains incompletely understood.In this study,we performed a comparative analysis using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technology to assess colonic content in carrion crows and 16 other bird species with different diets in Beijing,China.Our findings revealed that the dominant gut microbiota in carrion crows was primarily composed of Proteobacteria(75.51%)and Firmicutes(22.37%).Significant differences were observed in the relative abundance of Enterococcus faecalis among groups,highlighting its potential as a biomarker of facultative scavenging behavior in carrion crows.Subsequently,E.faecalis isolated from carrion crows was transplanted into model mice to explore the protective effects of this bacterial community against Salmonella enterica infection.Results showed that E.faecalis down-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),interferon gamma(IFN-γ),and interleukin 6(IL-6),prevented S.enterica colonization,and regulated the composition of gut microbiota in mice,thereby modulating the host’s immune regulatory capacity.Therefore,E.faecalis exerts immunoregulatory and anti-pathogenic functions in carrion crows engaged in scavenging behavior,offering a representative case of how the gut microbiota contributes to the protection of hosts with specialized diets.
文摘Introduction: The use of growth factors and cytokines in skin rejuvenation and reversal of photo ageing is a novel anti-ageing treatment. These factors provide a microenvironment that seems to favor tissue repair and regeneration. Methods: An open label, monocentric, single arm study to evaluate anti-ageing efficacy of conditioned medium obtained from adult human bone-marrow derived allogenic mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSC) along with excipients formulated into a cosmetic serum, was conducted in 40 Indian female population aged 35 to 60 years, belonging to skin type IV - VI of Norwood Scale for a duration of 90 days. Parameters—fine lines, wrinkles, crow’s feet, evenness of skin tone, skin firmness/laxity, hydration of skin, homogeneity of age spots, and visible pores were used to evaluate the anti-ageing and rejuvenating properties of the test product. Results and Discussion: Improvement was seen in majority of parameters starting from 15 - 30 days. Product was safe and well tolerated as per the dermatologist and subjects’ self-assessment.
文摘Mesotherapy is a mildly invasive procedure involving several subcutaneous drug injections, which are performed simultaneously. The concept is to inject a very small amount of active compounds (hyaluronic acid, vitamins, antioxidants, enzymes, humectants, …) and the aim is to stimulate the biosynthetic capacity of fibroblasts, increase collagen and elastin production and to give active essential molecules for a fibroblasts environment. Numerous studies suggest that the mesotherapy procedure improves skin hydration and mechanical properties;however, some results have not been statistically significant. In this study, we investigated an antiaging treatment as a complementary approach to a non-surgical rejuvenating procedure after 5 sessions of mesotherapy. Our main objective was to assess the improvement of face, neck and neckline skin quality, after intradermal microinjections of NCTF 135HA®. This mixture, manufactured by FILORGA Laboratories, includes a non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid, vitamins, antioxidants, mineral salts and enzymes. A statistically significant decrease in the depth of crow’s-feet wrinkles (43.3%) and in pore size (58.5%) was observed. Also, dermatological scores showed a significant decrease, and data suggest that skin tone was improved with a brighter tone. The injected mixture could then have an action on the skin pigmentation process with a photoprotective effect. Evolution of Dermis density was also investigated and an increase of dermal density and thickness were highlighted, showing an improvement of skin firmness with significant increases of dermis thickness (20%) and dermis density (24%), indicating a neocollagen activity.
