Anti-Confucianism:The Formation Process and the Ideology Essence of the Cultural Policy of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

The“anti-Confucianism”constituted the main feature of the cultural policy of the Taiping Rebellion.However,the anti-Confucianism movement of the Taiping Rebellion was mainly in form rather than in content,and mainly in action rather than in thought,which manifested itself in a policy of banning and destroying the physical forms of Confucian memorial tablets,Confucian temples,and Confucian classics.The core elements of Confucianism were all inherited and retained by Hong Xiuquan,who was committed to subverting Confucius’position as the cultural authority of Chinese society,so Confucianism,together with Christian thought and folk religious thought,constituted the main source of the ideology of the Taiping Rebellion.It was the influence of Confucianism and folk religious thought on Hong Xiuquan that gave the idea of worshipping God a localized character and made a new type of religion that combined Chinese and Western elements.The“anti-Confucianism”was mostly based on an irrational political movement,and the Taiping Rebellion never criticized the doctrine of Confucius and Mencius from a theoretical point of view.Thus the political submission of civil society to the Taiping Rebellion hardly rose to the level of political identification.Cultural antipathy,to some extent,led to the eventual defeat of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

The Asian Dimension Reflection of Hofstede’s Cultural Theory—Based on the Consumption Cognitive Characteristics of Chinese Post-90s College Students

This article is based on Hofstede’s cultural theory,taking the post-90s college students as the research object,and through a small-scale survey method,uses the cultural conflicts of the post-90s college students’cognition of“frugality”and“consumption”to explore the characteristics of their consumption outlook.The consumption behavior of post-90s college students presents a diversified structure,lacks planning,and has short-term orientation tendencies such as light luxury and impulsive consumption.At the same time,it displays an obvious living within its means and a wait-and-see attitude towards advanced consumption,focusing on the long-term orientation of its own investment in the future.The Confucian cultural characteristics of the contradictory but complementary consumption outlook of college students born in the 1990s provide Hofstede with a new perspective beyond the long-term and short-term dualistic orientation.

Derivation and Creation of Confucian Cultural Structure and Function Theory from the Theory of Material Structure and Function

By studying the relationship between physical structure and function in physical chemistry, the author breaks through the limitation of the western narrow social and cultural structure and function theory, and further derives and founds the Confucian cultural structure and function theory, thus creating a new research methodology and broadening the research horizon. Through the research, it is found that the Confucian culture structure consists of the hard structure ＂ritual＂ and the soft structure ＂benevolence＂, and based on this constructs three-outline, five- principal, four-moral, eight- virtul, five cardinal principals and other Confucian culture, so that these have a social management function, resulting in a 2000-year stable Chinese social order, which also provides reference for the social management of Chinese government today.

Tea Culture in the Land of Confucianism——Sightseeing in the Wuyl Mountains,Fujian province

Walking through the Wuyi Mountains,Fujian province in summer,you can smell the fragrant aroma of Shanshui Tea everywhere.Within the 70 square kilometers of the park,most people are drawn to a slogan stating there have been“A Thousand years of Confucianism,but 10,000 years of Shanshui Tea”,

Interpretation and Translation:A Case Study of the Translation of“Péng(朋)”and“Yǒu(友)”in The Analects of Confucius

Lun Yu or The Analects,a masterpiece of ancient Chinese thought,contains Chinese Confucianism and the values and ways of doing things that it represents.This paper focuses on the interpretation and translation of“péng(朋)”and“yǒu(友)”in the translations by James Legge,Arthur Waley,Koo Hung-ming,and Xu Yuanchong respectively to explore the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western cultures and the concepts held by different translators in the way of conducting oneself in society.

The English Translation of Lunyu and the Dissemination of the Confucian Culture

As one of the carriers of Confucian culture,and from ancient times to the present,Lunyu or The Analects or The Analects of Confucius,has been well received by readers at home and abroad,and there are more and more English translations of Lunyu.This article will select some of the vocabulary translations with ancient Chinese characteristics in Lunyu as the object,employ the method of a comparative analysis to explore the cultural connotation behind the text and the dissemination of the translation,and discuss the translator’s translation strategies.Judging from the research on The Analects by scholars from home and abroad and the opening and development of overseas Confucius Institutes,Lunyu has exerted an enlightenment effect in different times.

The inheritance and application of Confucian culture in digital interactive advertising design in Southeast Asia

Confucianism is one of the foundations of Chinese philosophy, which has a great influence on the character and temperament of the Chinese nation in the history of China, and plays an important role in the development of Chinese civilization. This paper discusses the influence of Confucianism on advertising. Advertising is an integral part of the social culture system, the advertising and advertising works and cultural characteristics of their dissemination of scientific and cultural knowledge, values and way of life, constitute a unique social and cultural landscape. We discuss the influence of Confucian traditional culture on Chinese advertising. Under the background of globalization, it is of great significance and guidance for the theoretical study of Chinese advertising and the real world to explore the influence of Confucian culture on Chinese advertising.

China Elderly Care:A Confucian Legacy

This paper explores the Confucian roots of elderly care expectations and how these expectations may influence the current state of the elderly and elderly care in modem China.This paper posits that the outdated expectations combined with recent urbanization trends has put unrealistic pressures on society to adequately care for a rapidly aging population.Until expectations are adjusted to reflect modem day families and realities,the elderly will continue to struggle with a sense of inadequate care,which can lead to mental health issues and feelings of isolation.Once the shackles of Confucian expectations are removed,families,governments and private institutions will have the freedom to be more creative in the way they imagine solutions for elderly care.

Confucian Culture and Human Rights Development

I. Confucianism has long been the mainstream of traditional Chinese culture, as well as a major component of Eastern and world culture. We can see that Confucianism has existed for 2,500 years since it was founded by Confucius in the late 6th and early 5th centuries BC. Over this very long pe- riod of time, Confucianism has played a dominant role in Chinese culture. It established the basic orientation of the country＇s socioeconomic system, influenced the formation and develop- ment of China＇s political system, and established Chinese society＇s ethical standards and values.

The influence and enlightenment of Confucian cultural education on modern European civilization

Confucianism,not only is the core of Chinese cultural educational thoughts but its influence has been identified in the West by the European scholars.And with the impact of Confucianism civilization,the theological authority in the Dark Ages wavered.The human-based ideas of Confucianism that people are the foundation of the country,the governing way of“Governance with virtue”,the way of personnel placement that men of great virtue and talent are elected who will cultivate mutual trust and promote universal understanding,the nationwide education thought that there should be education for everyone without distinction and the imperial examination system under the idea that those who excellently learned should serve(in the government),have exerted beneficial influences on the European modern civilization.Looking back at the course of Confucian influence in the West and the influence on the Enlightenment and modern civilization,it is easy to find that Confucianism education is of universal value in the pluralistic cultural world,which can enhance the cultural identification and cultural consciousness of a nation,creating a heritage of excellent cultural education and enriching the connotation of the contemporary cultural education.

Confucian culture and corporate bond pricing

We investigate the effect of Confucian culture on corporate bond pricing.Using the birthplace data of 56,759 Jinshi in the Ming and Qing dynasties to construct a proxy of Confucian culture,we find a significantly negative relation between Confucian culture and bond pricing:the stronger the Confucian atmosphere of the corporate headquarters’location,the higher the bond rating and the lower the credit spread.This conclusion still holds after using the distance to the nearest ancient printing office as an instrumental variable and a series of robustness tests.The mechanism test shows that Confucian culture can improve the pricing efficiency of corporate bonds by fostering investors’trust,alleviating principal-agent problems and restraining bad corporate behaviors.Moreover,the impact of Confucian culture on corporate bond pricing is greater for firms located in regions with weak legal and other formal institutional constraints and for unlisted companies.Our study complements the literature on culture and bond pricing,and provides policy insights from traditional Chinese wisdom for improving the efficiency of financial markets.

Confucian culture and the external pay gap

We examine the impact of Confucian philosophy on external pay gaps,and find that a Confucianist atmosphere is negatively associated with firms’external pay gaps for both executives and employees.Mechanistically,the Confucian concept of“righteousness”reduces the self-interested motivation of management,in turn reducing executives’external pay gap;“humaneness”causes management to focus on protecting employees’rights and interests,benefiting employees’compensation;and“honesty”improves information disclosure,reducing the external compensation gap for both executives and general employees.The inhibitory effect of Confucian culture on the external pay gap is greater in regions with weak formal institutions and non-state-owned firms,while foreign cultural shocks attenuate the Confucian influence.Finally,the Confucian culture-driven reduction of the external pay gap improves enterprises’economic efficiency.

Confucian Humanism in Perspective

This paper is a synthetic piece based on my attempts to address the significance and importance of Confucian humanism as a spiritual resource for human self-understanding in the 21st century. The relevance of Confucian spirituality to ecological civilization is self-evident, but the Confucian revival in Cultural China is predicated on its ability to transcend instrumental rationality, the Faustian drive to dominate, anthropocentrism, and China-centered mentality. The enabling power that helps an open, pluralistic and self-reflexive cultural identity to emerge will be greatly enhanced if China takes India as an essential reference society.