The Baltic Sea is essential for marine ecosystem services(MES)provision and the region’s socio-economic dy-namics.It is considered one of the busiest and most polluted regional seas in Europe.In recent years a collec...The Baltic Sea is essential for marine ecosystem services(MES)provision and the region’s socio-economic dy-namics.It is considered one of the busiest and most polluted regional seas in Europe.In recent years a collective effort in enforcing European and regional environmental policies and directives(e.g.Water Framework Direc-tive 2000/60/EC,2000;Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC,2008;Maritime Spatial Planning Directive 2014/89/EU,2014)has been carried out.Ecosystem Services assessment and mapping is integrated into these directives.An increasing number of scientific studies,projects,and other works were developed in this context,generating a vast body of knowledge.Despite all efforts to improve the Baltic Sea’s environmental status,the targets established were not fulfilled.It is also important to analyze if current methodological approaches for assessing and mapping MES are robust enough to provide the needed results.This perspective paper analyses the status of assessment and mapping methodologies.The results showed that most of the studies were focused on qualitative assessments,with limited validation and reliability.Although the number of robust and quantitative works is increasing,more are needed.It is vital to carry out quantitative assessments to inform decision-makers better and standardize MES practices across the Baltic Sea.展开更多
Externality;the term can define as a positive or negative impact from either production or consumption of goods or services.Services provided by particular location have very specific dependency on spatial characteris...Externality;the term can define as a positive or negative impact from either production or consumption of goods or services.Services provided by particular location have very specific dependency on spatial characteristics of that region.A region’s distinct characteristics make it ecologically unique from other such regions.Ecosystem services are offered by these regions thus differ according to these unique ecological features.In this particular study,artificially imposed expansion of coastal shrimp farming towards the inland and its impact over paddy cultivation have been addressed.Optimization of the extent of this manipulative coastal expansion has been supported by little modification of a previously described model.Here the investment prediction for both shrimp and paddy farming has been investigated by calculating net present value(NPV).Shrimp farming has very specific externality on local ecosystem services.In this particular case,some contradictory results are presented and with respect to positive or negative externality;but the externalities are strong.NPV results indicate that there is no long-term profitability in case of shrimp farming.Hence,an overall externality of shrimp farming has been described in context of this study.展开更多
快速城市化进程引发的空间结构失衡加重了城市生态系统服务的压力,可能导致城市景观风貌被破坏、绿地缩减和碎片化问题,削弱生态系统服务的生态、美学和文化遗产价值,最终影响人类福祉。因此,亟待展开面向人类福祉的生态系统文化服务深...快速城市化进程引发的空间结构失衡加重了城市生态系统服务的压力,可能导致城市景观风貌被破坏、绿地缩减和碎片化问题,削弱生态系统服务的生态、美学和文化遗产价值,最终影响人类福祉。因此,亟待展开面向人类福祉的生态系统文化服务深入研究。以Web of Science和中国知网为文献检索数据源,运用文献分析对人类福祉视角下全球生态系统文化服务研究进行回顾。首先,总结了生态系统文化服务概念和研究背景,通过文献分析概括了面向人类福祉的生态系统文化服务研究进展。其次,阐述了供需视角下评估生态系统文化服务的数据来源和研究方法。最后,梳理了目前相关研究方向上的不足,并在此基础上提出未来展望,包括构建适用于多区域多尺度的生态系统文化服务评估机制、更新多学科融合的评估方法和双向循环的评估视角、量化生态系统文化服务与人类福祉的复杂关系。研究结果对中国开展城市生态系统文化服务的研究和实践具有借鉴和启示意义。展开更多
基金“Lithuanian National Ecosystem Services Assessment and Mapping(LINESAM)”No.09.3.3-LMT-K-712-01-0104 is funded by the European Social Fund according to the activity“Improvement of researchers’qual-ification by implementing world-class R&D projects”of Measure No.09.3.3-LMT-K-712.
文摘The Baltic Sea is essential for marine ecosystem services(MES)provision and the region’s socio-economic dy-namics.It is considered one of the busiest and most polluted regional seas in Europe.In recent years a collective effort in enforcing European and regional environmental policies and directives(e.g.Water Framework Direc-tive 2000/60/EC,2000;Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC,2008;Maritime Spatial Planning Directive 2014/89/EU,2014)has been carried out.Ecosystem Services assessment and mapping is integrated into these directives.An increasing number of scientific studies,projects,and other works were developed in this context,generating a vast body of knowledge.Despite all efforts to improve the Baltic Sea’s environmental status,the targets established were not fulfilled.It is also important to analyze if current methodological approaches for assessing and mapping MES are robust enough to provide the needed results.This perspective paper analyses the status of assessment and mapping methodologies.The results showed that most of the studies were focused on qualitative assessments,with limited validation and reliability.Although the number of robust and quantitative works is increasing,more are needed.It is vital to carry out quantitative assessments to inform decision-makers better and standardize MES practices across the Baltic Sea.
基金University Grants Commission(UGC)NET fellowship[Ref No.F.16-6(DEC.2016)/2017(NET)]University Grants Commission(UGC)for D S Kothari fellowship reference no.BL/17-18/0490.
文摘Externality;the term can define as a positive or negative impact from either production or consumption of goods or services.Services provided by particular location have very specific dependency on spatial characteristics of that region.A region’s distinct characteristics make it ecologically unique from other such regions.Ecosystem services are offered by these regions thus differ according to these unique ecological features.In this particular study,artificially imposed expansion of coastal shrimp farming towards the inland and its impact over paddy cultivation have been addressed.Optimization of the extent of this manipulative coastal expansion has been supported by little modification of a previously described model.Here the investment prediction for both shrimp and paddy farming has been investigated by calculating net present value(NPV).Shrimp farming has very specific externality on local ecosystem services.In this particular case,some contradictory results are presented and with respect to positive or negative externality;but the externalities are strong.NPV results indicate that there is no long-term profitability in case of shrimp farming.Hence,an overall externality of shrimp farming has been described in context of this study.
文摘快速城市化进程引发的空间结构失衡加重了城市生态系统服务的压力,可能导致城市景观风貌被破坏、绿地缩减和碎片化问题,削弱生态系统服务的生态、美学和文化遗产价值,最终影响人类福祉。因此,亟待展开面向人类福祉的生态系统文化服务深入研究。以Web of Science和中国知网为文献检索数据源,运用文献分析对人类福祉视角下全球生态系统文化服务研究进行回顾。首先,总结了生态系统文化服务概念和研究背景,通过文献分析概括了面向人类福祉的生态系统文化服务研究进展。其次,阐述了供需视角下评估生态系统文化服务的数据来源和研究方法。最后,梳理了目前相关研究方向上的不足,并在此基础上提出未来展望,包括构建适用于多区域多尺度的生态系统文化服务评估机制、更新多学科融合的评估方法和双向循环的评估视角、量化生态系统文化服务与人类福祉的复杂关系。研究结果对中国开展城市生态系统文化服务的研究和实践具有借鉴和启示意义。
