This study delves into the intricate dissemination and acceptance of Dongpo Culture,epitomized by Su Shi,in the UK and the US,aiming to bolster the global recognition of Chinese literary and cultural values and advanc...This study delves into the intricate dissemination and acceptance of Dongpo Culture,epitomized by Su Shi,in the UK and the US,aiming to bolster the global recognition of Chinese literary and cultural values and advance the national strategy of“Going Out”.Su Shi’s multifaceted contributions—spanning literature,philosophy,calligraphy,and art—serve as a pinnacle of Northern Song Dynasty culture.This research evaluates the varied translations,monographs,biographies,journal articles,and doctoral dissertations about Su Shi in these Western nations,using literature analysis,typical analysis,and comparative methods.The findings reveal a robust interest in Su Shi studies in the US,marked by a proliferation of scholarly works and translations across diverse disciplines,such as literature,art,and aesthetics,establishing the US as a leading center for Dongpo Culture studies.Conversely,the UK,despite its early engagement,shows limited scholarly outputs and significant research papers on the subject.By examining Dongpo Culture’s overseas communication path and influence paradigm,this paper seeks to enhance China’s cultural soft power and self-confidence.It underscores the vital role of international cultural exchange in constructing a positive image of China’s national identity,facilitating its peaceful rise,and providing strategic insights for the global promotion of Chinese culture.展开更多
Due to the intermittency and instability of Wind-Solar energy and easy compensation of hydropower, this study proposes a Wind-Solar-Hydro power optimal scheduling model. This model is aimed at maximizing the total sys...Due to the intermittency and instability of Wind-Solar energy and easy compensation of hydropower, this study proposes a Wind-Solar-Hydro power optimal scheduling model. This model is aimed at maximizing the total system power generation and the minimum ten-day joint output. To effectively optimize the multi-objective model, a new algorithm named non-dominated sorting culture differential evolution algorithm(NSCDE) is proposed. The feasibility of NSCDE was verified through several well-known benchmark problems. It was then applied to the Jinping Wind-Solar-Hydro complementary power generation system. The results demonstrate that NSCDE can provide decision makers a series of optimized scheduling schemes.展开更多
The purpose of this research is about the soft power of Chinese culture,taking Li Ziqi as a case.Li Ziqi’s videos has been recognized and appreciated by the government for its shaping of China’s national image in th...The purpose of this research is about the soft power of Chinese culture,taking Li Ziqi as a case.Li Ziqi’s videos has been recognized and appreciated by the government for its shaping of China’s national image in the cultural dimension,judging from the attitude of official media such as People’s Daily and CCTV to its reporting.China also explores more possibilities for shaping its national image and presents a more diversified,richer,and wonderful China.With“high-speed rail”,“China C919 Plane”,and other aspects,Li Ziqi is also a manifestation of China’s cultural soft power.展开更多
Through the development of marine culture to enhance the national cultural soft power, speed up the construction of marine power, has become a strategic choice for the future development of the ocean in China. Based o...Through the development of marine culture to enhance the national cultural soft power, speed up the construction of marine power, has become a strategic choice for the future development of the ocean in China. Based on elaboration on the connotations of the marine culture and marine power, we respectively analyze the relationship between marine culture and marine power construction from the relationships between marine culture and development level of the marine economy, development level of the marine science and technology, the protection ability of the marine environment, international competitiveness of the marine industry, regulation and management of marine affairs and maritime national defense abili- ty. We put forward the countermeasures and suggestions of marine power construction, such as strengthening marine culture propaganda, vigorously developing marine power industry, enhancing the marine cultural safety construction and adhering to development mode of the marine culture with Chinese characteristics.展开更多
On the basis of analyzing defi nitions and signifi cance of cultural soft power, signifi cant value of brand culture marketing of Chinese tourism destinations was clarified. Basic contents of cultural soft power-based...On the basis of analyzing defi nitions and signifi cance of cultural soft power, signifi cant value of brand culture marketing of Chinese tourism destinations was clarified. Basic contents of cultural soft power-based brand culture marketing of tourism destinations were explored from two perspectives: resource characteristics and marketing strategies of brand culture of tourism destinations.展开更多
Culture is an important aspect of soft power.Huizhou Culture is one of the best representations of traditional Chinese culture and has been attached great importance by scholars both at home and aboard.It's vitall...Culture is an important aspect of soft power.Huizhou Culture is one of the best representations of traditional Chinese culture and has been attached great importance by scholars both at home and aboard.It's vitally important to spread Huizhou Cultural values around the world to improve China's soft power.Foreign students in China are potential advocators of Chinese Culture.The cultural information they get will be transmitted to their own countries.We should take some strategies to promote Huizhou Culture among foreign students so that the charm of Huizhou Culture can be noticed and recognized by many more people.展开更多
With the development of globalization and gradual intensification of mutual dependence of the world, "hard power" which includes economic and military strength is no longer the primary consideration for many...With the development of globalization and gradual intensification of mutual dependence of the world, "hard power" which includes economic and military strength is no longer the primary consideration for many countries. They tend to pay more attention to the attractiveness of their "soft power",which includes values,life style , ideology and so forth. Just as Joseph S. Ny , the famous professor of Harvard who puts forward the concept of soft power, says ,"only by widespread communication and diffusion can a country reinforces its soft power". This is mass media's function. Since the 1990s, tens of thousands cultural products brought in from America are exported to foreign countries, including popular music, films ,TV programs, magazines, books and so forth. By making advantage of its monopoly position in media circle, the United States pursues cultural hegemonism and expands its popular culture all over the world. This thesis takes a general view of the great advantages of America multi-national media groups and how they push forward the American popular culture all over the world.展开更多
The essay consists of two parts: the first part is devoted to demonstrating the power of metaphor in language and cognition. The second part deals with the cultural value of metaphor, in which investigation generation...The essay consists of two parts: the first part is devoted to demonstrating the power of metaphor in language and cognition. The second part deals with the cultural value of metaphor, in which investigation generation and interpretation of metaphor are involved.展开更多
Culture has been exerting an even greater influence on China’s image construction and nation branding in today’s globalizing world.As“culture”is the core of Chinese soft power strategy,the concept of“soft power”...Culture has been exerting an even greater influence on China’s image construction and nation branding in today’s globalizing world.As“culture”is the core of Chinese soft power strategy,the concept of“soft power”has been redefined as“cultural soft power”in the Chinese context.Cultural instruments,including the Chinese language as well as traditional and popular cultures,are widely implemented as the“charm”tools to wield and project China’s soft power.Cultural diplomacy is also viewed as an effective way to promote an understanding of China’s ideals,support Chinese economic goals and enhance Chinese national security in subtle,wide-ranging,and sustainable ways.Although Chinese soft power is still in its“embryonic phase”,partly due to its close link to the country’s economic performance and huge market attraction as well as the disadvantages generated by the political and ideological issues,it has contributed greatly to expand China’s international influence and create a circle of like-minded allies on its periphery,in which process its increasing importance shall not be neglected.展开更多
From the four aspects of material culture, institutional culture, behavioral culture and spiritual culture, the current situation and problems of China9s shipping culture were analyzed, and corresponding supportive s...From the four aspects of material culture, institutional culture, behavioral culture and spiritual culture, the current situation and problems of China9s shipping culture were analyzed, and corresponding supportive suggestions were proposed.展开更多
Some factors that have contributed to the need for organizational leaders to adapt, and adjust to other national cultures are the globalization of the workforce, the expansion of international companies, and exposure ...Some factors that have contributed to the need for organizational leaders to adapt, and adjust to other national cultures are the globalization of the workforce, the expansion of international companies, and exposure of many national organizations to increased business competition. The increased competition has forced organizational leaders to engage in the understanding of the cultural limitations of organizations and their leadership practices. In addition, cross-cultural leadership researchers in 21st century are cognizant of the fact that culture is a condition, and a boundary to previous leadership theories and practices. Using Gerte Hofstede's cultural dimension model, culture and organizational leadership as they relate to the leadership practices of participants, and National and Family Cultures are examined in this revised paper.展开更多
Since the 1980s and 1980s, a new trend in the discipline of Translation Studies has emerged beyond the boundaries of Europe. Scholars from post-colonial nations like Canada, India, China, Africa, and Latin America hav...Since the 1980s and 1980s, a new trend in the discipline of Translation Studies has emerged beyond the boundaries of Europe. Scholars from post-colonial nations like Canada, India, China, Africa, and Latin America have argued that translation was used in the past as a means of depriving the colonised people of their voice. In the colonial structure, the hegemonic culture used to dominate, making the others subservient. Translation in the colonial period reflected that hierarchy. In this light, decades after the independence of India, translation from a reverse direction, that is, rendering popular English texts in minority languages, may be seen as a process of"writing back". Even if the original text concerned is not a "political" writing, and the translation is apparently meant for "safer-zones" such as "young students' literature", a tendency of claiming cultural equality, overlapping the translator's own cultural and literary heritage with the original author's, can be discovered. This paper attempts to focus on these issues in a particular text—the 1995 Bengali translation of Marie Corelli's 1921 science-fiction, The Secret Power. The purpose of this paper is to explore how Sudhindranath Raha has intermingled Biblical references and Western contexts with allusions to Indian culture and Sanskrit literature, thereby claiming a space for mutual understanding and respect between two cultures.展开更多
This paper discusses culture. Scholars have not been able to agree on a definition of culture but most include values and norms as components of their definition. Intercultural communication is vital that skill manage...This paper discusses culture. Scholars have not been able to agree on a definition of culture but most include values and norms as components of their definition. Intercultural communication is vital that skill managers must possess in order to effectively do business in foreign countries. Hofstede's theory of national cultural dimensions is employed to provide a framework for defining intercultural communication. Subsequently, several countries are examined using Hofstede's scoring system for cultural dimensions. This is followed by a discussion of ways to achieve intercultural competence.展开更多
With the emergence of the Cultural School in the 1990s, researchers began to deem that translation is inevitably associated with political tendencies and aspirations of social groups, and the relationship between sour...With the emergence of the Cultural School in the 1990s, researchers began to deem that translation is inevitably associated with political tendencies and aspirations of social groups, and the relationship between source language and target language has never gone beyond politics and are always entangled with power. From political perspective, this thesis will take the popularity of Yu Hua’s works in US into account to analyze and explore how cultural soft power, has impacts on translation activities, especially translation direction and source text selection.展开更多
The outbreak of COVID-19 in late 2019 is still spreading all over the world.This sudden epidemic has not only led to a devastating disaster,but also triggered the psychological panic of all mankind.This psychological ...The outbreak of COVID-19 in late 2019 is still spreading all over the world.This sudden epidemic has not only led to a devastating disaster,but also triggered the psychological panic of all mankind.This psychological panic is mainly embodied at ontological level of life morality panic,and its essence is the panic which might end individual’s hope for freedom.However,when ontological thinking of life morality comes to practical level,some digital narratives that pay too much attention to“user experience”will cause panic at the level of moral practice in audience,and then arouse populist feelings hidden in people.The increasingly updated digital technology not only enhances independent expression and communication ability of social individuals,but also leads to a gradually enlarged vicious circle between digital production mechanism and feelings of“moral panic populism”.The rational implementation of cultural power through digital media may appropriately solve this problem.展开更多
In general,this manuscript critiques the contemporary dynamisms of the formation/deformation of the cultural sphere under the increased mobilisations of globalization.In particular,it inspects the symphysis[□SYMPHYSI...In general,this manuscript critiques the contemporary dynamisms of the formation/deformation of the cultural sphere under the increased mobilisations of globalization.In particular,it inspects the symphysis[□SYMPHYSIS]between'tourism'and'culture',where the latter stands as an immense portmanteau phenomenon embracing many different things(under the vicissitudes of globalisation/glocalisation)across the protean realms of race,gender,entertainment,consumerism,meaning-making,et cetera.Critiquing Jamal and Robinson's recent attempt at panoramic coverage of the geography of tourism/tourism studies),it argues that tourism is regularly implicated in cultural practices relating to power-exercises in/across society.Then,in synthesising Bauman’s vision of contemporary society as that moving from seemingly well-ordered stabilities to a geographic realm where change is the-only-permanence and uncertainty the-only-certainty,the manuscript generates five lead propositions calling for'plural knowability',viz.,for a deeper/richer palette-of-imagination on the teeming multiplicities and throbbing provisionalities of culture as it emerges/unfolds or otherwise gets recast under the destabilising'nomadic logics'of our time.In viewing culture as a vehicle of both'impermanence'and'seduction'nowadays,the paper notes how in so many places and spaces,individuals are less inclined to be engaged locally/regionally/nationally as culture-partly through the volatile iterability of travel/tourism-has become an ever-widening polylogue.展开更多
As a form of urban culture,urban reading plays an important role in the improvement of the citizens’quality,urban quality,and urban spirit.In the new era,there are imbalances in the supply and demand,content construc...As a form of urban culture,urban reading plays an important role in the improvement of the citizens’quality,urban quality,and urban spirit.In the new era,there are imbalances in the supply and demand,content construction,regional structure,and ecological structure of urban reading.It is necessary to analyze and grasp its development trend,optimize the development path of urban reading,and promote the improvement of urban cultural soft power.展开更多
The concept of"cultural soft power"originates fromthe concepts of"soft power"and"cultural power".Based on the definition and connotation of"cultural soft power",this essay analy...The concept of"cultural soft power"originates fromthe concepts of"soft power"and"cultural power".Based on the definition and connotation of"cultural soft power",this essay analyzes the current status of China’s cultural soft power construction,including both its achievements and weak points and tries to give some suggestions on how to further i prove China’s cultural soft power.展开更多
基金supported by Sichuan’s Distinctive Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning Project“Research on the Overseas Communication of Bashu Culture”Special Fund(Project Fund No.SC23BS011)Project of the Research Center for Ba Culture Inheritance and Development(Project Fund No.BCF2023YB01).
文摘This study delves into the intricate dissemination and acceptance of Dongpo Culture,epitomized by Su Shi,in the UK and the US,aiming to bolster the global recognition of Chinese literary and cultural values and advance the national strategy of“Going Out”.Su Shi’s multifaceted contributions—spanning literature,philosophy,calligraphy,and art—serve as a pinnacle of Northern Song Dynasty culture.This research evaluates the varied translations,monographs,biographies,journal articles,and doctoral dissertations about Su Shi in these Western nations,using literature analysis,typical analysis,and comparative methods.The findings reveal a robust interest in Su Shi studies in the US,marked by a proliferation of scholarly works and translations across diverse disciplines,such as literature,art,and aesthetics,establishing the US as a leading center for Dongpo Culture studies.Conversely,the UK,despite its early engagement,shows limited scholarly outputs and significant research papers on the subject.By examining Dongpo Culture’s overseas communication path and influence paradigm,this paper seeks to enhance China’s cultural soft power and self-confidence.It underscores the vital role of international cultural exchange in constructing a positive image of China’s national identity,facilitating its peaceful rise,and providing strategic insights for the global promotion of Chinese culture.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC0402209)the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91647114)
文摘Due to the intermittency and instability of Wind-Solar energy and easy compensation of hydropower, this study proposes a Wind-Solar-Hydro power optimal scheduling model. This model is aimed at maximizing the total system power generation and the minimum ten-day joint output. To effectively optimize the multi-objective model, a new algorithm named non-dominated sorting culture differential evolution algorithm(NSCDE) is proposed. The feasibility of NSCDE was verified through several well-known benchmark problems. It was then applied to the Jinping Wind-Solar-Hydro complementary power generation system. The results demonstrate that NSCDE can provide decision makers a series of optimized scheduling schemes.
文摘The purpose of this research is about the soft power of Chinese culture,taking Li Ziqi as a case.Li Ziqi’s videos has been recognized and appreciated by the government for its shaping of China’s national image in the cultural dimension,judging from the attitude of official media such as People’s Daily and CCTV to its reporting.China also explores more possibilities for shaping its national image and presents a more diversified,richer,and wonderful China.With“high-speed rail”,“China C919 Plane”,and other aspects,Li Ziqi is also a manifestation of China’s cultural soft power.
文摘Through the development of marine culture to enhance the national cultural soft power, speed up the construction of marine power, has become a strategic choice for the future development of the ocean in China. Based on elaboration on the connotations of the marine culture and marine power, we respectively analyze the relationship between marine culture and marine power construction from the relationships between marine culture and development level of the marine economy, development level of the marine science and technology, the protection ability of the marine environment, international competitiveness of the marine industry, regulation and management of marine affairs and maritime national defense abili- ty. We put forward the countermeasures and suggestions of marine power construction, such as strengthening marine culture propaganda, vigorously developing marine power industry, enhancing the marine cultural safety construction and adhering to development mode of the marine culture with Chinese characteristics.
基金Sponsored by Key Projects of National Social Sciences Fund(12&ZD024)"985-III"Overall Promotion of Social Science Research Program of Fudan University(2012SHKXYB002)National Natural Science Fund(71373054,71073029)
文摘On the basis of analyzing defi nitions and signifi cance of cultural soft power, signifi cant value of brand culture marketing of Chinese tourism destinations was clarified. Basic contents of cultural soft power-based brand culture marketing of tourism destinations were explored from two perspectives: resource characteristics and marketing strategies of brand culture of tourism destinations.
基金founded by Backbone Teachers Program of Anhui University(No.E12333010323)
文摘Culture is an important aspect of soft power.Huizhou Culture is one of the best representations of traditional Chinese culture and has been attached great importance by scholars both at home and aboard.It's vitally important to spread Huizhou Cultural values around the world to improve China's soft power.Foreign students in China are potential advocators of Chinese Culture.The cultural information they get will be transmitted to their own countries.We should take some strategies to promote Huizhou Culture among foreign students so that the charm of Huizhou Culture can be noticed and recognized by many more people.
文摘With the development of globalization and gradual intensification of mutual dependence of the world, "hard power" which includes economic and military strength is no longer the primary consideration for many countries. They tend to pay more attention to the attractiveness of their "soft power",which includes values,life style , ideology and so forth. Just as Joseph S. Ny , the famous professor of Harvard who puts forward the concept of soft power, says ,"only by widespread communication and diffusion can a country reinforces its soft power". This is mass media's function. Since the 1990s, tens of thousands cultural products brought in from America are exported to foreign countries, including popular music, films ,TV programs, magazines, books and so forth. By making advantage of its monopoly position in media circle, the United States pursues cultural hegemonism and expands its popular culture all over the world. This thesis takes a general view of the great advantages of America multi-national media groups and how they push forward the American popular culture all over the world.
文摘The essay consists of two parts: the first part is devoted to demonstrating the power of metaphor in language and cognition. The second part deals with the cultural value of metaphor, in which investigation generation and interpretation of metaphor are involved.
文摘Culture has been exerting an even greater influence on China’s image construction and nation branding in today’s globalizing world.As“culture”is the core of Chinese soft power strategy,the concept of“soft power”has been redefined as“cultural soft power”in the Chinese context.Cultural instruments,including the Chinese language as well as traditional and popular cultures,are widely implemented as the“charm”tools to wield and project China’s soft power.Cultural diplomacy is also viewed as an effective way to promote an understanding of China’s ideals,support Chinese economic goals and enhance Chinese national security in subtle,wide-ranging,and sustainable ways.Although Chinese soft power is still in its“embryonic phase”,partly due to its close link to the country’s economic performance and huge market attraction as well as the disadvantages generated by the political and ideological issues,it has contributed greatly to expand China’s international influence and create a circle of like-minded allies on its periphery,in which process its increasing importance shall not be neglected.
基金Supported by Educational Science Research Project of Shanghai City(C16064)
文摘From the four aspects of material culture, institutional culture, behavioral culture and spiritual culture, the current situation and problems of China9s shipping culture were analyzed, and corresponding supportive suggestions were proposed.
文摘Some factors that have contributed to the need for organizational leaders to adapt, and adjust to other national cultures are the globalization of the workforce, the expansion of international companies, and exposure of many national organizations to increased business competition. The increased competition has forced organizational leaders to engage in the understanding of the cultural limitations of organizations and their leadership practices. In addition, cross-cultural leadership researchers in 21st century are cognizant of the fact that culture is a condition, and a boundary to previous leadership theories and practices. Using Gerte Hofstede's cultural dimension model, culture and organizational leadership as they relate to the leadership practices of participants, and National and Family Cultures are examined in this revised paper.
文摘Since the 1980s and 1980s, a new trend in the discipline of Translation Studies has emerged beyond the boundaries of Europe. Scholars from post-colonial nations like Canada, India, China, Africa, and Latin America have argued that translation was used in the past as a means of depriving the colonised people of their voice. In the colonial structure, the hegemonic culture used to dominate, making the others subservient. Translation in the colonial period reflected that hierarchy. In this light, decades after the independence of India, translation from a reverse direction, that is, rendering popular English texts in minority languages, may be seen as a process of"writing back". Even if the original text concerned is not a "political" writing, and the translation is apparently meant for "safer-zones" such as "young students' literature", a tendency of claiming cultural equality, overlapping the translator's own cultural and literary heritage with the original author's, can be discovered. This paper attempts to focus on these issues in a particular text—the 1995 Bengali translation of Marie Corelli's 1921 science-fiction, The Secret Power. The purpose of this paper is to explore how Sudhindranath Raha has intermingled Biblical references and Western contexts with allusions to Indian culture and Sanskrit literature, thereby claiming a space for mutual understanding and respect between two cultures.
文摘This paper discusses culture. Scholars have not been able to agree on a definition of culture but most include values and norms as components of their definition. Intercultural communication is vital that skill managers must possess in order to effectively do business in foreign countries. Hofstede's theory of national cultural dimensions is employed to provide a framework for defining intercultural communication. Subsequently, several countries are examined using Hofstede's scoring system for cultural dimensions. This is followed by a discussion of ways to achieve intercultural competence.
文摘With the emergence of the Cultural School in the 1990s, researchers began to deem that translation is inevitably associated with political tendencies and aspirations of social groups, and the relationship between source language and target language has never gone beyond politics and are always entangled with power. From political perspective, this thesis will take the popularity of Yu Hua’s works in US into account to analyze and explore how cultural soft power, has impacts on translation activities, especially translation direction and source text selection.
文摘The outbreak of COVID-19 in late 2019 is still spreading all over the world.This sudden epidemic has not only led to a devastating disaster,but also triggered the psychological panic of all mankind.This psychological panic is mainly embodied at ontological level of life morality panic,and its essence is the panic which might end individual’s hope for freedom.However,when ontological thinking of life morality comes to practical level,some digital narratives that pay too much attention to“user experience”will cause panic at the level of moral practice in audience,and then arouse populist feelings hidden in people.The increasingly updated digital technology not only enhances independent expression and communication ability of social individuals,but also leads to a gradually enlarged vicious circle between digital production mechanism and feelings of“moral panic populism”.The rational implementation of cultural power through digital media may appropriately solve this problem.
文摘In general,this manuscript critiques the contemporary dynamisms of the formation/deformation of the cultural sphere under the increased mobilisations of globalization.In particular,it inspects the symphysis[□SYMPHYSIS]between'tourism'and'culture',where the latter stands as an immense portmanteau phenomenon embracing many different things(under the vicissitudes of globalisation/glocalisation)across the protean realms of race,gender,entertainment,consumerism,meaning-making,et cetera.Critiquing Jamal and Robinson's recent attempt at panoramic coverage of the geography of tourism/tourism studies),it argues that tourism is regularly implicated in cultural practices relating to power-exercises in/across society.Then,in synthesising Bauman’s vision of contemporary society as that moving from seemingly well-ordered stabilities to a geographic realm where change is the-only-permanence and uncertainty the-only-certainty,the manuscript generates five lead propositions calling for'plural knowability',viz.,for a deeper/richer palette-of-imagination on the teeming multiplicities and throbbing provisionalities of culture as it emerges/unfolds or otherwise gets recast under the destabilising'nomadic logics'of our time.In viewing culture as a vehicle of both'impermanence'and'seduction'nowadays,the paper notes how in so many places and spaces,individuals are less inclined to be engaged locally/regionally/nationally as culture-partly through the volatile iterability of travel/tourism-has become an ever-widening polylogue.
基金This study was supported by the Humanities and Social Sciences Project of Chongqing Education Commission(Item Number:21SKSZ092).
文摘As a form of urban culture,urban reading plays an important role in the improvement of the citizens’quality,urban quality,and urban spirit.In the new era,there are imbalances in the supply and demand,content construction,regional structure,and ecological structure of urban reading.It is necessary to analyze and grasp its development trend,optimize the development path of urban reading,and promote the improvement of urban cultural soft power.
文摘The concept of"cultural soft power"originates fromthe concepts of"soft power"and"cultural power".Based on the definition and connotation of"cultural soft power",this essay analyzes the current status of China’s cultural soft power construction,including both its achievements and weak points and tries to give some suggestions on how to further i prove China’s cultural soft power.