In a Free State is a post-colonial novel written by Naipaul.“One out of Many”is one of the stories in this novel to explore the freedom of the culturally rootless.The protagonist,Santosh,lives under the collision be...In a Free State is a post-colonial novel written by Naipaul.“One out of Many”is one of the stories in this novel to explore the freedom of the culturally rootless.The protagonist,Santosh,lives under the collision between the Indian culture and American culture.In the“crevice”of two different cultures,he is deeply involved in the tumultuous and painful process of cultural displacement.His behaviors in cultural displacement can be divided into three stages.Firstly,he has experienced a“cultural shock”after his arrival in Washington,D.C.as a new comer.Secondly,after being fully exposed to the host culture and American style,he has experienced assimilation and absorption to be like an American.Finally when he escapes from his employer and chooses his own way of living,he finds that he is not free at all because he is confronted with an awkward cultural dilemma:he can neither return to his past life;nor can he aspire to a better future.The anxiety about the dislocation causes misery for his fate.As a result,he becomes a prisoner in an unfamiliar culture,and his“freedom”can only be a rootless“freedom”.展开更多
October 19,2007 Vice Premier Wu Yi,PRC On behalf of Chinese government,I would like to congratulate the 20th Foundation of World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)and International Acupuncture Congr...October 19,2007 Vice Premier Wu Yi,PRC On behalf of Chinese government,I would like to congratulate the 20th Foundation of World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)and International Acupuncture Congress which is to be held in Beijing,China.And also I give my warm welcome and regards to TCM/Acupuncture colleagues all over the world.展开更多
The influence of the physical structure of polyurethane matrix as a support in a solid state culture in tannase production and gallic acid accumulation by Aspergillus niger Aa-20 was evaluated. Three different polyure...The influence of the physical structure of polyurethane matrix as a support in a solid state culture in tannase production and gallic acid accumulation by Aspergillus niger Aa-20 was evaluated. Three different polyurethane matrices were used as the support: continuous, semi-discontinuous and discontinuous. The highest tannase production at 2479.59 U/L during the first 12 h of culture was obtained using the discontinuous matrix. The gallic acid was accumulated at 7.64 g/L at the discontinuous matrix. The results show that the discontinuous matrix of polyurethane is better for tannase production and gallic acid accumulation in a solid state culture bioprocess than the continuous and semi-discontinuous matrices.展开更多
This paper deals with the problem of devastation of cultural heritage by the Islamic State.The great emphasis is put on distinguishing reasons and aims of such behaviours and devastation performed on the ancient Mesop...This paper deals with the problem of devastation of cultural heritage by the Islamic State.The great emphasis is put on distinguishing reasons and aims of such behaviours and devastation performed on the ancient Mesopotamian artefacts,monuments,and artistic relics of the past civilization.The focus was put on Akkadian,Assyrian,and Sumerian heirloom due to its immense impact on the consecutive cultures of the region,neighbouring lands,and several distant societies.Problem of destruction is presented alongside with the short history of the Islamic State group emergence and its characteristics.Furthermore,this paper recalls the UNESCO definition of the term“cultural heritage”.展开更多
为全面了解有关细菌活的非可培养状态(viable but non-culturable,VBNC)研究的发展趋势,本文以1994—2021年间基于WebofScience平台核心合集数据库中836篇关于VBNC的文献作为研究对象,应用文献计量学方法,从文献的数量、发表时间、发文...为全面了解有关细菌活的非可培养状态(viable but non-culturable,VBNC)研究的发展趋势,本文以1994—2021年间基于WebofScience平台核心合集数据库中836篇关于VBNC的文献作为研究对象,应用文献计量学方法,从文献的数量、发表时间、发文机构、来源出版物、研究方向和关键词多方面进行比较研究,并使用Cite Space5.8软件获得关键词知识图谱进行可视化分析。结果显示:1994—2021年期间细菌VBNC研究的年发文量呈现稳定增长趋势;836篇文献来自67个国家或地区、1 528个研究机构,分布在355种出版物中;1994—2010年和2011—2021年排名在前10位国家的发文量共占总发文量的88.04%,发文量非常集中;中国在2011—2021年期间发文量跃居世界第一;细菌VBNC研究在微生物学、传染病学、生物化学及分子生物学领域发文量始终位居前列。Escherichia coli(埃希氏大肠杆菌)、VBNC、nonculturable state(非可培养状态)、survival(存活)、resuscitation(复苏)等关键词是细菌VBNC研究领域的热点关键词。在未来,细菌VBNC的研究依然需要加大力度,其将会对食品安全、微生物的开发利用等提供一定的借鉴与参考。展开更多
The work is intended to achieve optimum culture conditions of α-galactosidase production by a mutant strain Aspergillus foetidus ZU-G1 in solid-state fermentation (SSF). Certain fermentation parameters involving mois...The work is intended to achieve optimum culture conditions of α-galactosidase production by a mutant strain Aspergillus foetidus ZU-G1 in solid-state fermentation (SSF). Certain fermentation parameters involving moisture content, incubation temperature, cultivation period of seed, inoculum volume, initial pH value, layers of pledget, load size of medium and period of cultivation were investigated separately. The optimal cultivating conditions of α-galactosidase production in SSF were 60% initial moisture of medium, 28 °C incubation temperature, 18 h cultivation period of seed, 10% inoculum volume, 5.0~6.0 initial pH of medium, 6 layers of pledget and 10 g dry matter loadage. Under the optimized cultivation conditions, the maximum α-galactosidase production was 2 037.51 U/g dry matter near the 144th hour of fermentation.展开更多
In essence, the international competition for talents is determined by the quality of family education. There are a number of family education systems in the world, and each has its distinctive feature, which reflects...In essence, the international competition for talents is determined by the quality of family education. There are a number of family education systems in the world, and each has its distinctive feature, which reflects its unique culture. Although Chinese family education system is a successful one in general, problems appear in recent years. Through comparing some relevant aspects of family education between China and the U.S. from a cultural perspective, we can gain good experiences from American family education and promote the reform of Chinese family education.展开更多
The thesis conducts its analysis fromthe perspective of cultural characteristics of Chu state of Pre-Qin period in ancient China.The culture of Chu,usually focusing on ceremony sacrifice and several other activities,p...The thesis conducts its analysis fromthe perspective of cultural characteristics of Chu state of Pre-Qin period in ancient China.The culture of Chu,usually focusing on ceremony sacrifice and several other activities,presents unique characteristics of the development of Chinese society and culture.Actually,the jade artifact at that time shows cultural features both at artistic and spiritual level and bears prominent cultural connotations like national spirit of solemnness and generosity.Chinese jade of Chu state of Pre-Qin period due to its abundant cultural connotations and meanings,poses to be an essential element of traditional Chinese culture,which shows artistic and national features of traditional jade culture and can directly influence development of modern society and culture.展开更多
基于Hofstede文化维度理论和世界价值观调查数据,测度了基于KSI、EDI、WVS的3种文化距离(cultural distance,CD),结合美国对52个东道国(地区)的直接投资及各项控制指标数据,使用面板校正标准误差(panel correction standard error,PCSE...基于Hofstede文化维度理论和世界价值观调查数据,测度了基于KSI、EDI、WVS的3种文化距离(cultural distance,CD),结合美国对52个东道国(地区)的直接投资及各项控制指标数据,使用面板校正标准误差(panel correction standard error,PCSE)模型进行分析,结果显示,CD与美国对外直接投资(outward foreign direct investment,OFDI)并非呈现简单的正负向关系,而可能存在门槛效应。通过Hansen门槛回归模型进一步考察了二者的内在作用机制,结果显示,CD通过了单门槛检验,即CD对美国OFDI存在门槛效应;当CD小于门槛值时,其作为正向因子积极促进美国OFDI,一旦CD超过门槛值,美国OFDI将显著减少。同时对“外来者劣势”和“外来者收益”二者关系的解释说明,CD与美国OFDI呈倒U型关系;CD较大时对美国OFDI的阻碍作用远大于CD较小时对其的促进作用,体现了美国OFDI对CD的敏感性。展开更多
The emergence of the"Ancient State"is considered an important stage in the discourse on human civilizations.Based on its complex and hierarchical social structure,the Shuanghuaishu site of Henan Province is ...The emergence of the"Ancient State"is considered an important stage in the discourse on human civilizations.Based on its complex and hierarchical social structure,the Shuanghuaishu site of Henan Province is regarded as an"Ancient state",specifically the"Heluo Ancient State".The site is situated in the middle reaches of the Yellow River region and played a key role in prehistoric China.However,the reasons behind its decline are unclear.Here,we conducted an integrated investigation of the archaeological excavations and archaeoseismic analyses at the Shuanghuaishu site.We identified paleoseismic remains within paleo-artificial moats,which were formed owing to off-fault structures of soil liquefaction,hillslope landslides,and related ground fractures,along with shake-related wall disruption and building collapse in the residential zone.Charcoal dating was conducted to constrain the age for this earthquake event,which was determined to be approximately 5.0 cal kyr BP.Furthermore,based on the practical curve for earthquake-induced liquefaction,the preliminary estimate of the magnitude of this paleo seismic event is greater than M_(s)5.9-6.0.We propose that the Shuanghuaishu site experienced a recession after the earthquake event,which may have influenced the continuous development of the"Heluo Ancient State"as a regional center settlement.展开更多
Nearly half of the global population are carriers of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori),a Gram-negative bacterium that persists in the healthy human stomach. H. pylori can be a pathogen and causes development of peptic ul...Nearly half of the global population are carriers of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori),a Gram-negative bacterium that persists in the healthy human stomach. H. pylori can be a pathogen and causes development of peptic ulcer disease in a certain state of the macroorganism. It is well established that H. pylori infection is the main cause of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease(PUD). Decontamination of the gastric mucosa with various antibiotics leads to H. pylori elimination and longer remission in this disease. However,the reasons for repeated detection of H. pylori in recurrent PUD after its successful eradication remain unclear. The reason for the redetection of H. pylori in recurrent PUD can be either reinfection or ineffective anti-Helicobacter therapy. The administration of antibacterial drugs can lead not only to the emergence of resistant strains of microorganisms,but also contribute to the conversion of H. pylori into the resting(dormant) state. The dormant forms of H. pylori have been shown to play a potential role in the development of relapses of PUD. The paper discusses morphological H. pylori forms,such as S-shaped,C-shaped,U-shaped,and coccoid ones. The authors proposes the classification of H. pylori according to its morphological forms and viability.展开更多
文摘In a Free State is a post-colonial novel written by Naipaul.“One out of Many”is one of the stories in this novel to explore the freedom of the culturally rootless.The protagonist,Santosh,lives under the collision between the Indian culture and American culture.In the“crevice”of two different cultures,he is deeply involved in the tumultuous and painful process of cultural displacement.His behaviors in cultural displacement can be divided into three stages.Firstly,he has experienced a“cultural shock”after his arrival in Washington,D.C.as a new comer.Secondly,after being fully exposed to the host culture and American style,he has experienced assimilation and absorption to be like an American.Finally when he escapes from his employer and chooses his own way of living,he finds that he is not free at all because he is confronted with an awkward cultural dilemma:he can neither return to his past life;nor can he aspire to a better future.The anxiety about the dislocation causes misery for his fate.As a result,he becomes a prisoner in an unfamiliar culture,and his“freedom”can only be a rootless“freedom”.
文摘October 19,2007 Vice Premier Wu Yi,PRC On behalf of Chinese government,I would like to congratulate the 20th Foundation of World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)and International Acupuncture Congress which is to be held in Beijing,China.And also I give my warm welcome and regards to TCM/Acupuncture colleagues all over the world.
基金the Agricultural, Livestock and Fishing De-partment (SAGARPA, No. 12385)the National Forest Commis-sion (CONAFOR, No. 2004-C01-13)the Council of Science and Technology, Mexico
文摘The influence of the physical structure of polyurethane matrix as a support in a solid state culture in tannase production and gallic acid accumulation by Aspergillus niger Aa-20 was evaluated. Three different polyurethane matrices were used as the support: continuous, semi-discontinuous and discontinuous. The highest tannase production at 2479.59 U/L during the first 12 h of culture was obtained using the discontinuous matrix. The gallic acid was accumulated at 7.64 g/L at the discontinuous matrix. The results show that the discontinuous matrix of polyurethane is better for tannase production and gallic acid accumulation in a solid state culture bioprocess than the continuous and semi-discontinuous matrices.
文摘This paper deals with the problem of devastation of cultural heritage by the Islamic State.The great emphasis is put on distinguishing reasons and aims of such behaviours and devastation performed on the ancient Mesopotamian artefacts,monuments,and artistic relics of the past civilization.The focus was put on Akkadian,Assyrian,and Sumerian heirloom due to its immense impact on the consecutive cultures of the region,neighbouring lands,and several distant societies.Problem of destruction is presented alongside with the short history of the Islamic State group emergence and its characteristics.Furthermore,this paper recalls the UNESCO definition of the term“cultural heritage”.
文摘The work is intended to achieve optimum culture conditions of α-galactosidase production by a mutant strain Aspergillus foetidus ZU-G1 in solid-state fermentation (SSF). Certain fermentation parameters involving moisture content, incubation temperature, cultivation period of seed, inoculum volume, initial pH value, layers of pledget, load size of medium and period of cultivation were investigated separately. The optimal cultivating conditions of α-galactosidase production in SSF were 60% initial moisture of medium, 28 °C incubation temperature, 18 h cultivation period of seed, 10% inoculum volume, 5.0~6.0 initial pH of medium, 6 layers of pledget and 10 g dry matter loadage. Under the optimized cultivation conditions, the maximum α-galactosidase production was 2 037.51 U/g dry matter near the 144th hour of fermentation.
文摘In essence, the international competition for talents is determined by the quality of family education. There are a number of family education systems in the world, and each has its distinctive feature, which reflects its unique culture. Although Chinese family education system is a successful one in general, problems appear in recent years. Through comparing some relevant aspects of family education between China and the U.S. from a cultural perspective, we can gain good experiences from American family education and promote the reform of Chinese family education.
基金Humanities and Social Sciences Program of 2011 Funded by Ministry of Education:Studies on Chinese Jade for Clothes in Chu State of Pre-Qin Period(No.10YJAZHD95)
文摘The thesis conducts its analysis fromthe perspective of cultural characteristics of Chu state of Pre-Qin period in ancient China.The culture of Chu,usually focusing on ceremony sacrifice and several other activities,presents unique characteristics of the development of Chinese society and culture.Actually,the jade artifact at that time shows cultural features both at artistic and spiritual level and bears prominent cultural connotations like national spirit of solemnness and generosity.Chinese jade of Chu state of Pre-Qin period due to its abundant cultural connotations and meanings,poses to be an essential element of traditional Chinese culture,which shows artistic and national features of traditional jade culture and can directly influence development of modern society and culture.
文摘基于Hofstede文化维度理论和世界价值观调查数据,测度了基于KSI、EDI、WVS的3种文化距离(cultural distance,CD),结合美国对52个东道国(地区)的直接投资及各项控制指标数据,使用面板校正标准误差(panel correction standard error,PCSE)模型进行分析,结果显示,CD与美国对外直接投资(outward foreign direct investment,OFDI)并非呈现简单的正负向关系,而可能存在门槛效应。通过Hansen门槛回归模型进一步考察了二者的内在作用机制,结果显示,CD通过了单门槛检验,即CD对美国OFDI存在门槛效应;当CD小于门槛值时,其作为正向因子积极促进美国OFDI,一旦CD超过门槛值,美国OFDI将显著减少。同时对“外来者劣势”和“外来者收益”二者关系的解释说明,CD与美国OFDI呈倒U型关系;CD较大时对美国OFDI的阻碍作用远大于CD较小时对其的促进作用,体现了美国OFDI对CD的敏感性。
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFC1521605)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41971002,41971016.41671014 and U2039201)+3 种基金the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.19ZDA227)the Study of Environment Archaeology in Zhengzhou,the Digital Environment Archaeology Specially-appointed Researcher of Henan,China(Grant No.210501002)the Science and Technology Open Cooperation Project(Grant No.210901006)the Science and Technology Think-Tank Project of Henan Academy of Sciences(Grant No.210701002)。
文摘The emergence of the"Ancient State"is considered an important stage in the discourse on human civilizations.Based on its complex and hierarchical social structure,the Shuanghuaishu site of Henan Province is regarded as an"Ancient state",specifically the"Heluo Ancient State".The site is situated in the middle reaches of the Yellow River region and played a key role in prehistoric China.However,the reasons behind its decline are unclear.Here,we conducted an integrated investigation of the archaeological excavations and archaeoseismic analyses at the Shuanghuaishu site.We identified paleoseismic remains within paleo-artificial moats,which were formed owing to off-fault structures of soil liquefaction,hillslope landslides,and related ground fractures,along with shake-related wall disruption and building collapse in the residential zone.Charcoal dating was conducted to constrain the age for this earthquake event,which was determined to be approximately 5.0 cal kyr BP.Furthermore,based on the practical curve for earthquake-induced liquefaction,the preliminary estimate of the magnitude of this paleo seismic event is greater than M_(s)5.9-6.0.We propose that the Shuanghuaishu site experienced a recession after the earthquake event,which may have influenced the continuous development of the"Heluo Ancient State"as a regional center settlement.
文摘Nearly half of the global population are carriers of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori),a Gram-negative bacterium that persists in the healthy human stomach. H. pylori can be a pathogen and causes development of peptic ulcer disease in a certain state of the macroorganism. It is well established that H. pylori infection is the main cause of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease(PUD). Decontamination of the gastric mucosa with various antibiotics leads to H. pylori elimination and longer remission in this disease. However,the reasons for repeated detection of H. pylori in recurrent PUD after its successful eradication remain unclear. The reason for the redetection of H. pylori in recurrent PUD can be either reinfection or ineffective anti-Helicobacter therapy. The administration of antibacterial drugs can lead not only to the emergence of resistant strains of microorganisms,but also contribute to the conversion of H. pylori into the resting(dormant) state. The dormant forms of H. pylori have been shown to play a potential role in the development of relapses of PUD. The paper discusses morphological H. pylori forms,such as S-shaped,C-shaped,U-shaped,and coccoid ones. The authors proposes the classification of H. pylori according to its morphological forms and viability.