Basic Research on the Burden of Dropping off and Picking up Children: Differences by Employment Type and Gender in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area

There is a need to reduce the burden of child drop-off and pick-up for child-rearing generations, but most studies on the actual situation in Japan are based on survey results. In this study, we analyzed differences in child drop-off and pick-up by employment type and gender, utilizing the “Metropolitan Area Person Trip Survey,” which is a statistical data set. The study targeted households in which both spouses were between 30 and 49 years old, had children under the age of 6, and included the following three groups. 1) Dual-income Group 1 (both spouses employed/on contract/temporary);2) Dual-income Group 2 (husband employed/on contract/temporary, wife part-time);3) Full-time housewife group (husband employed, wife unemployed). The analysis revealed that a) wives are almost always responsible for dropping off and picking up their children;b) husbands drop off and pick up their children less frequently in dual-income households;and c) households with children raising within 10 to 30 km of Tokyo Station have longer commuting times and need to reduce the burden of dropping off and picking up their children.

大型铁路客运站站前落客区布局的分析

研究目的:为解决大型铁路客运站站前落客区布局设计的困难,提出并建立两阶段落客区布局的分析方法,即运用排队论从宏观层面测算落客通道数目,利用交通仿真模型在微观层面解决布局细节。研究结论:M/M/N排队论能够在宏观层面有效测算落客通道数目,估计平均等待车辆数和平均等待时间等参数。运用交通仿真软件VISSIM建立仿真模型,能够在微观层面解决车道分配等布局细节,通过图形化交互界面和动画,进行二维和三维的可视化评价,还可输出平均车速、延误等数据进行不同方案的定量比较,预测设计能否满足未来交通需求。在深圳新火车站落客区布局设计中的应用,表明该方法具有直观和定量的优点。