Based on the analysis of current situation of water environment in the Chaohu Lake,general ideas and measures of controlling the water environment were proposed. In respect of control ideas,controlling outbreaks of bl...Based on the analysis of current situation of water environment in the Chaohu Lake,general ideas and measures of controlling the water environment were proposed. In respect of control ideas,controlling outbreaks of blue-green algae should be as one of control goals; it is needed to combine reducing the quantity of blue-green algae with decreasing eutrophication level to make the decrease in the quantity of blue-green algae larger than their natural increase until outbreaks of blue-green algae are eliminated; all kinds of techniques should be combined closely,integrated and innovated,and corresponding safeguard measures should be adopted. In respect of control measures,controlling sources of pollution and intercepting pollutants are basic measures,of which improving sewage treatment capacity and standard greatly is a key measure,and actively controlling pollution from large-scale livestock and poultry breeding is one of main measures; rivers polluted heavily should be controlled,and using microorganisms to purify small and moderate rivers can be as one of preferred techniques; blue-green algae should be dredged deeply to reducing their quantity; water should be transferred from the Yangtze River to the Chaohu Lake or the Hauihe River to purify water bodies and increase environmental capacity; reed wetland should be restored on a large scale to increase vegetation coverage from 5% to 20%; dredging should be combined with the elevation of basement of restored reed wetland.展开更多
First,current situation of rocky desertification control in Guangxi was surveyed via the methods of literature review,field investigation and informal discussion. The results displayed that new progress has been made ...First,current situation of rocky desertification control in Guangxi was surveyed via the methods of literature review,field investigation and informal discussion. The results displayed that new progress has been made in the study of control techniques and models for rocky desertification in Guangxi,and typical control models of " mountain-water-field-forest-road comprehensive control", " ecological agriculture planting-agricultural tourism", " three-in-one" appeared. Then,systematic analysis on the situation of rocky desertification control in Guangxi was conducted. Some problems are found: at present,the prevention and control mechanism of rocky desertification in Guangxi is not perfect,and there is no joint force among departments;there is low capital input and single source channel;the contradiction between survival and ecology is prominent,and the enthusiasm of the masses to participate is not high;there is imperfect supporting policy mechanism,and economic development and ecological protection are unbalanced. For these problems,relevant suggestions and safeguard measures are proposed from comprehensive management,governance planning,technical support and policy support. The research aims to provide theoretical foundation and scientific basis for future rocky desertification control in Guangxi.展开更多
Firstly, the general situation, influencing factors and damage of seawater intrusion in Qingdao City, Shandong Province were analyzed, and then some appropriate remedial measures were put forward, such as improving gr...Firstly, the general situation, influencing factors and damage of seawater intrusion in Qingdao City, Shandong Province were analyzed, and then some appropriate remedial measures were put forward, such as improving groundwater monitoring system in costal areas, exploiting groundwater reasonably, building underground cut-off walls and strengthening river management, which would provide a new approach for the prevention and control of seawater intrusion in Qingdao City.展开更多
目的:调查浙江省公立医院感染控制联络护士(Infection Control Link Nurses,ICLN)岗位职能及需求,为后续ICLN的准入、培养、考核及认证提供依据。方法:2022年5月13日至6月7日,由浙江省护理学会防感染专业委员会牵头,采用自行设计的ICLN...目的:调查浙江省公立医院感染控制联络护士(Infection Control Link Nurses,ICLN)岗位职能及需求,为后续ICLN的准入、培养、考核及认证提供依据。方法:2022年5月13日至6月7日,由浙江省护理学会防感染专业委员会牵头,采用自行设计的ICLN岗位职能问卷对浙江省内11个市37家公立医院的ICLN进行线上问卷调查。结果:共发放1938份问卷,回收率及有效率均为100%。ICLN参与抗生素管理率(24.4%)与主观认同率(39.4%)低;86.9%的ICLN希望医院制度上定期给予排班支持;91.6%的ICLN认为需要院感防控专业知识和技能的培训。结论:浙江省ICLN岗位职能不够明确,需要建立系统的培养和认证体系,优化岗位标准,推进岗位的专科化发展。展开更多
目的通过对汕头市、区二级疾控中心的人力资源相关数据进行比较分析,了解疾控中心人力资源配置现状,为汕头市各级疾控中心人才资源配置及专业队伍建设提供参考。方法通过标准表格收集汕头市2022年12月—2023年5月1个市级和7个区(县)疾...目的通过对汕头市、区二级疾控中心的人力资源相关数据进行比较分析,了解疾控中心人力资源配置现状,为汕头市各级疾控中心人才资源配置及专业队伍建设提供参考。方法通过标准表格收集汕头市2022年12月—2023年5月1个市级和7个区(县)疾控中心的人力资源数据,采用描述性方法对疾控中心人员的性别、年龄、职称、学历学位和专业背景等情况进行分析。使用Excel和GraphP ad Prism软件进行数据统计及差异比较分析。结果汕头市、区二级疾控中心人员性别构成较均衡,男女比例分别为48.1%和51.9%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.66,P=0.42)。市级疾控中心35岁以下人员占比较区(县)级CDC高(分别为35.5%和18.9%),二级疾控中心人员年龄构成差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.68,P<0.001)。市级疾控中心人员学历以本科、硕士为主,占77.6%;但区(县)疾控中心职工学历严重失衡,以本科、大专为主,硕士人员比例仅为1.7%,二者学历构成差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=87.43,P<0.001);市级疾控中心人员职称集中在中级、高级职称,占比为55.2%,无职称人员占比为10.3%;区(县)疾控中心人员职称主要集中在中、初级,占比为71.4%,无职称人员占比为21.0%,二者专业技术职称构成差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=33.99,P<0.001);二级疾控中心职工专业背景均以卫生专业为主(77.4%),二者专业背景构成差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.35,P=0.24)。结论汕头市、区二级疾控中心在编人员总量不足,其中区(县)疾控中心职工总体学历偏低,人才配置不平衡,高层次人才总体缺乏;当地政府应当重视疾控人才队伍建设,提高已有专业人员的专业水平,积极引进高层次人才,切实做好本市各级疾控中心的人力资源规划。展开更多
文摘Based on the analysis of current situation of water environment in the Chaohu Lake,general ideas and measures of controlling the water environment were proposed. In respect of control ideas,controlling outbreaks of blue-green algae should be as one of control goals; it is needed to combine reducing the quantity of blue-green algae with decreasing eutrophication level to make the decrease in the quantity of blue-green algae larger than their natural increase until outbreaks of blue-green algae are eliminated; all kinds of techniques should be combined closely,integrated and innovated,and corresponding safeguard measures should be adopted. In respect of control measures,controlling sources of pollution and intercepting pollutants are basic measures,of which improving sewage treatment capacity and standard greatly is a key measure,and actively controlling pollution from large-scale livestock and poultry breeding is one of main measures; rivers polluted heavily should be controlled,and using microorganisms to purify small and moderate rivers can be as one of preferred techniques; blue-green algae should be dredged deeply to reducing their quantity; water should be transferred from the Yangtze River to the Chaohu Lake or the Hauihe River to purify water bodies and increase environmental capacity; reed wetland should be restored on a large scale to increase vegetation coverage from 5% to 20%; dredging should be combined with the elevation of basement of restored reed wetland.
基金Supported by the Project of"Investigation on the Current Situation of Rocky Desertification Control in Guangxi"(GNH[2017]B-03)。
文摘First,current situation of rocky desertification control in Guangxi was surveyed via the methods of literature review,field investigation and informal discussion. The results displayed that new progress has been made in the study of control techniques and models for rocky desertification in Guangxi,and typical control models of " mountain-water-field-forest-road comprehensive control", " ecological agriculture planting-agricultural tourism", " three-in-one" appeared. Then,systematic analysis on the situation of rocky desertification control in Guangxi was conducted. Some problems are found: at present,the prevention and control mechanism of rocky desertification in Guangxi is not perfect,and there is no joint force among departments;there is low capital input and single source channel;the contradiction between survival and ecology is prominent,and the enthusiasm of the masses to participate is not high;there is imperfect supporting policy mechanism,and economic development and ecological protection are unbalanced. For these problems,relevant suggestions and safeguard measures are proposed from comprehensive management,governance planning,technical support and policy support. The research aims to provide theoretical foundation and scientific basis for future rocky desertification control in Guangxi.
基金Supported by Graduate student Scientific and Technical Innovation Foundation of Shandong University of Science & Technology (YCB120120)
文摘Firstly, the general situation, influencing factors and damage of seawater intrusion in Qingdao City, Shandong Province were analyzed, and then some appropriate remedial measures were put forward, such as improving groundwater monitoring system in costal areas, exploiting groundwater reasonably, building underground cut-off walls and strengthening river management, which would provide a new approach for the prevention and control of seawater intrusion in Qingdao City.
文摘目的:调查浙江省公立医院感染控制联络护士(Infection Control Link Nurses,ICLN)岗位职能及需求,为后续ICLN的准入、培养、考核及认证提供依据。方法:2022年5月13日至6月7日,由浙江省护理学会防感染专业委员会牵头,采用自行设计的ICLN岗位职能问卷对浙江省内11个市37家公立医院的ICLN进行线上问卷调查。结果:共发放1938份问卷,回收率及有效率均为100%。ICLN参与抗生素管理率(24.4%)与主观认同率(39.4%)低;86.9%的ICLN希望医院制度上定期给予排班支持;91.6%的ICLN认为需要院感防控专业知识和技能的培训。结论:浙江省ICLN岗位职能不够明确,需要建立系统的培养和认证体系,优化岗位标准,推进岗位的专科化发展。
文摘目的通过对汕头市、区二级疾控中心的人力资源相关数据进行比较分析,了解疾控中心人力资源配置现状,为汕头市各级疾控中心人才资源配置及专业队伍建设提供参考。方法通过标准表格收集汕头市2022年12月—2023年5月1个市级和7个区(县)疾控中心的人力资源数据,采用描述性方法对疾控中心人员的性别、年龄、职称、学历学位和专业背景等情况进行分析。使用Excel和GraphP ad Prism软件进行数据统计及差异比较分析。结果汕头市、区二级疾控中心人员性别构成较均衡,男女比例分别为48.1%和51.9%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.66,P=0.42)。市级疾控中心35岁以下人员占比较区(县)级CDC高(分别为35.5%和18.9%),二级疾控中心人员年龄构成差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.68,P<0.001)。市级疾控中心人员学历以本科、硕士为主,占77.6%;但区(县)疾控中心职工学历严重失衡,以本科、大专为主,硕士人员比例仅为1.7%,二者学历构成差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=87.43,P<0.001);市级疾控中心人员职称集中在中级、高级职称,占比为55.2%,无职称人员占比为10.3%;区(县)疾控中心人员职称主要集中在中、初级,占比为71.4%,无职称人员占比为21.0%,二者专业技术职称构成差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=33.99,P<0.001);二级疾控中心职工专业背景均以卫生专业为主(77.4%),二者专业背景构成差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.35,P=0.24)。结论汕头市、区二级疾控中心在编人员总量不足,其中区(县)疾控中心职工总体学历偏低,人才配置不平衡,高层次人才总体缺乏;当地政府应当重视疾控人才队伍建设,提高已有专业人员的专业水平,积极引进高层次人才,切实做好本市各级疾控中心的人力资源规划。
