Using video imagery to reconstruct the 3D intertidal terrain along a beach with multiple cusps

A high-frequency,high-resolution shore-based video monitoring system(VMS)was installed on a macrotidal(tidal amplitude>4 m)beach with multiple cusps along the Quanzhou coast,China.Herein,we propose a video imagery-based method that is coupled with waterline and water level observations to reconstruct the terrain of the intertidal zone over one tidal cycle.Furthermore,the beach cusp system(BCS)was precisely processed and embedded into the digital elevation model(DEM)to more effectively express the microrelief and detailed characteristics of the intertidal zone.During a field experiment conducted in January 2022,the reconstructed DEM was deemed satisfactory.The DEM was verified by RTK-GPS and had an average vertical root mean square error along corresponding RTK-GPS-derived intertidal profiles and corresponding BCS points of 0.134 m and 0.065 m,respectively.The results suggest that VMSs are an effective tool for investigating coastal geomorphic processes.

Multiple talon cusps, dens in dente and concrescence in a child with hypomelanosis of Ito

Hypomelanosis of Ito (HI) is a rare neurocutaneous disorder most likely caused by chromosomal mosaicism. HI patients may suffer from numerous clinical manifestations, but the expression of the disease is highly variable. Ophthalmologic, musculoskeletal, neurologic, and dental anomalies may be associated with the syndrome. The dental abnormalities found in HI include talon cusps, a single maxillary central in-cisor, enamel defects, hypodontia, and irregularly spaced teeth. The aim of this case report is to present multiple talon cusps, dens in dente and concrescence of maxillary permanent incisors in an 8-year-old boy affected with hypomelanosis of Ito. This unusual dental anomaly has been described in two previous reports of this neurocutaneous syndrome. HI can be difficult to diagnose, these dental findings may help to identify the syndrome in cases where other findings are minimal or atypical.

Hybrid-Vlasov simulation of soft X-ray emissions at the Earth’s dayside magnetospheric boundaries

Solar wind charge exchange produces emissions in the soft X-ray energy range which can enable the study of near-Earth space regions such as the magnetopause,the magnetosheath and the polar cusps by remote sensing techniques.The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)and Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)missions aim to obtain soft Xray images of near-Earth space thanks to their Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)instruments.While earlier modeling works have already simulated soft X-ray images as might be obtained by SMILE SXI during its mission,the numerical models used so far are all based on the magnetohydrodynamics description of the space plasma.To investigate the possible signatures of ion-kinetic-scale processes in soft Xray images,we use for the first time a global hybrid-Vlasov simulation of the geospace from the Vlasiator model.The simulation is driven by fast and tenuous solar wind conditions and purely southward interplanetary magnetic field.We first produce global X-ray images of the dayside near-Earth space by placing a virtual imaging satellite at two different locations,providing meridional and equatorial views.We then analyze regional features present in the images and show that they correspond to signatures in soft X-ray emissions of mirrormode wave structures in the magnetosheath and flux transfer events(FTEs)at the magnetopause.Our results suggest that,although the time scales associated with the motion of those transient phenomena will likely be significantly smaller than the integration time of the SMILE and LEXI imagers,mirror-mode structures and FTEs can cumulatively produce detectable signatures in the soft X-ray images.For instance,a local increase by 30%in the proton density at the dayside magnetopause resulting from the transit of multiple FTEs leads to a 12%enhancement in the line-of-sight-and time-integrated soft X-ray emissivity originating from this region.Likewise,a proton density increase by 14%in the magnetosheath associated with mirror-mode structures can result in an enhancement in the soft X-ray signal by 4%.These are likely conservative estimates,given that the solar wind conditions used in the Vlasiator run can be expected to generate weaker soft X-ray emissions than the more common denser solar wind.These results will contribute to the preparatory work for the SMILE and LEXI missions by providing the community with quantitative estimates of the effects of small-scale,transient phenomena occurring on the dayside.

基于Cusp电子枪的太赫兹回旋管理论研究

为解决回旋管工作在太赫兹频段遇到的严重模式竞争问题,基于Cusp电子枪优异的谐波工作特性、渐变复合腔特殊的耦合机制,通过Cusp电子枪与渐变复合腔相结合实现了高次谐波工作的太赫兹回旋管。对Cusp电子枪的具体结构进行了优化,实现了电压59 kV,电流0.92 A,横纵速度比1.36,引导中心半径为0.05 mm,速度离散低于5%的大回旋电子注。通过优化参数,实现了工作频率1 THz,输出功率0.5 kW的四次谐波回旋管。

Bifurcations, Analytical and Non-Analytical Traveling Wave Solutions of (2 + 1)-Dimensional Nonlinear Dispersive Boussinesq Equation

For the (2 + 1)-dimensional nonlinear dispersive Boussinesq equation, by using the bifurcation theory of planar dynamical systems to study its corresponding traveling wave system, the bifurcations and phase portraits of the regular system are obtained. Under different parametric conditions, various sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of analytical and non-analytical solutions of the singular system are given by using singular traveling wave theory. For certain special cases, some explicit and exact parametric representations of traveling wave solutions are derived such as analytical periodic waves and non-analytical periodic cusp waves. Further, two-dimensional wave plots of analytical periodic solutions and non-analytical periodic cusp wave solutions are drawn to visualize the dynamics of the equation.

Omega results for coefficients of Rankin-Selberg L-functions over sparse sequences

Ω results involving the coefficients of automorphic L-functions are important research object in analytic number theory.Let f be a primitive holomorphic cusp form.Denote by λ_(f×f)(n) the nth Fourier coefficient of Rankin-Selberg L-function L(f×f,s).This paper combines Kühleitner and Nowak′s Omega theorem and the analytic properties of Rankin-Selberg L-functions to study Omega results for coefficients of Rankin-Selberg L-functions over sparse sequences,and establishes the asymptotic formula for Σ_(n≤x)λf×f(n^(m))(m=2,3).

基于263 GHz回旋行波放大器的带栅Cusp电子枪研究

基于实验室的超导磁体,为工作在263 GHz的回旋行波放大器设计了一个电子枪。通过对电子枪的理论分析以及结合MATLAB、POISSON SUPERFISH和Trak Charged Particle Toolkit进行了大量的模拟计算,讨论了不同的结构参数和磁场对电子注的横纵速度比及其零散的影响,确定了磁场和发射极的参数值并加快了大回旋电子注性能参量的优化,得到符合设计要求且具有工程实际应用的带栅电子枪。在超导磁体中主线圈、收集极线圈和阴极线圈的电流为51.253 A时产生的磁场分布中,该电子枪预计能够在偏置电压为1 kV和一定初始发射角零散的情况下产生25 kV、0.5 A、横纵速度比为1.1、横纵速度比零散为6%的大回旋电子注。当带栅电子枪处于偏置电压为-64 V以下时,电子注被完全关断。

Mappings of Finite Distortion: Formation of Cusps Ⅲ

We give sharp integrability conditions on the distortion of a planar homeomorphism that maps a standard cusp onto the unit disk.

基于单元的综合安全项目在冠心病患者口服用药中的应用

目的探讨基于单元的综合安全项目(comprehensive unit-based safety program,CUSP)在冠心病患者口服用药安全的应用效果。方法选取2021年10月—2022年10月纳入130例冠心病患者作为研究对象,依据CUSP制定口服用药安全管理方案并实施。在干预前、干预6个月末,采用患者及照顾者口服用药安全水平问卷、Morisky用药依从性问卷、中文修订版安全态度调查问卷进行效果评价。结果干预后患者及照顾者口服用药安全水平、患者用药依从性得分均高于干预前(P<0.001),用药错误发生例数低于干预前(P<0.001)。干预组的医务人员干预结束后团队合作、安全氛围、管理感知、工作满意、工作条件、压力感知得分平均分及文化氛围得分平均分均高于干预前(P<0.001)。结论基于单元的综合安全项目应用于冠心病患者口服用药安全管理方案,可提高冠心病患者及照顾者口服用药安全水平,提高用药依从性,增强患者治疗效果,同时能够提升医务人员团队安全文化意识。

A unified model of cusp spot, High Latitude Dayside aurora (HiLDA)/(Space Hurricane), and 15MLT-PCA

Cusp spot,High Latitude Dayside aurora(HiLDA),‘space hurricane’,and 15MLT-PCA(Polar Cap Arc observed around 15:00 Magnetic Local Time)are mesoscale auroral structures observed in the polar cap region.They share many common properties and,at the same time,have notable differences.A 15MLT-PCA is a polar cap arc connected to the auroral oval,but the others are auroral spots detached from the oval.A cusp spot differs from a HiLDA in local time location.A space hurricane differs from a HiLDA in having spiral-arm structures.Until now,relationships among these auroras have not been depicted clearly.Here we propose a unified model,based on lobe reconnection,that encompasses their similarities and differences.We then provide critical supporting evidence for the model.The model suggests that different reconnection sites under different IMF conditions result in these differently-appearing auroral forms.The model explains all the characteristic features of these auroras and has implications for understanding the dawn/dusk and inter-hemispheric asymmetries observed in their occurrence patterns.We anticipate confirmation of the model by observations to be made during the Solar wind-Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission.Moreover,since the model indicates that these auroras appear on the footprint of the poleward cusp boundary,we expect data from the SMILE mission to make it possible to estimate the approximate shape of the cusp.

Experimental studies of cusp stabilization in Keda Mirror with AXisymmetricity(KMAX)

Stabilization of the axisymmetric magnetic mirror relies on the pressure-weighted magnetic field curvature.We report a new experiment by configuring a magnetic cusp structure to stabilize m=1 interchange mode in the KMAX tandem mirror.The cusp configuration is formed by reversing currents in the two side cell coils,and a stronger cusp can lead to a more stable plasma once the null point of the cusp is less than 35–40 cm away from the device axis.The density fluctuations measured by four axial Langmuir probes are mitigated by 70%–80%.The stabilization effect is consistent with the prediction of a theoretical calculation.

Fundamental and speculative components of the cryptocurrency pricing dynamics

The driving forces behind cryptoassets’price dynamics are often perceived as being dominated by speculative factors and inherent bubble-bust episodes.Fundamental components are believed to have a weak,if any,role in the price-formation process.This study examines five cryptoassets with different backgrounds,namely Bitcoin,Ethereum,Litecoin,XRP,and Dogecoin between 2016 and 2022.It utilizes the cusp catastrophe model to connect the fundamental and speculative drivers with possible price bifurcation characteristics of market collapse events.The findings show that the price and return dynamics of all the studied assets,except for Dogecoin,emerge from complex interactions between fundamental and speculative components,includ-ing episodes of price bifurcations.Bitcoin shows the strongest fundamentals,with on-chain activity and economic factors driving the fundamental part of the dynam-ics.Investor attention and off-chain activity drive the speculative component for all studied assets.Among the fundamental drivers,the analyzed cryptoassets present their coin-specific factors,which can be tracked to their protocol specifics and are economi-cally sound.

Cathode position effects on microwave discharge cusped field thruster

The microwave discharge cusped field thruster is a novel concept of electric micropropulsion device,which operatesμN level thrust in low mass flow rate conditions,making use of a coaxial transmission line resonator.With its advantages of low thrust noise and high thrust resolution over a wide range of thrust,the thruster has emerged as a candidate thruster for the space-borne gravitational wave detection mission.The cathode effects commonly exist in many kinds of electric propulsion,and they are typically significant in micropropulsions.In order to find out the cathode position effects on a microwave discharge cusped field thruster,a thermionic cathode is mounted on a cross-slider for coupling.Under different cathode positions,the plume is analyzed by a Faraday probe and a retarding potential analyzer to analyze the performance and discharge characteristics.The results show that the magnetic mirror effect leads to significant degradation of anode current and an increase in low-energy ion ratio as the cathode moves away from the thruster exit.The electron conduction route also significantly impacts anode current efficiency,related to the cathode-exit distance and the thruster magnetic topology.

Different endodontic treatments induced root development of two nonvital immature teeth in the same patient:A case report

BACKGROUND Pulp revascularization is a novel way to treat immature teeth with periapical disease,and the technique has become increasingly well established in recent years.By puncturing the periapical tissue,bleeding is induced,and a blood clot is formed in the root canal.The blood clot acts as a natural bioscaffold onto which mesenchymal stem cells from periapical tissue can be seeded and restore pulp vascularity,thus promoting root development as well as apical closure.Although the effect of pulp revascularization is ideal,there are certain requirements for the apical condition of the teeth.The apical barrier technique and apexification are still indispensable for teeth that cannot achieve ideal blood clot formation.In addition,a meta-analysis of several clinical studies concluded that pulp revascu-larization has no significant advantages over other treatments.CASE SUMMARY A 10-year-old girl complained of pain in the right upper and lower posterior teeth for 2 d.Clinical and radiological examinations revealed that both the right maxillary and mandibular second premolars were immature with periapical radiolucency.The right maxillary second premolar was treated by pulp revascu-larization,while the right mandibular second premolar was treated by conven-tional apical barrier surgery after revascularization failed.The purpose of this report is to compare the different root maturation processes induced by the pulp revascularization and apical barrier techniques in the same patient in homonymous teeth from different jaws.Twelve months of follow-up showed that the apical foramen of both teeth presented a clear tendency to close;however,the tooth treated with pulp revascularization showed a significant increase in root length as well as root canal wall thickness.CONCLUSION For the treatment of nonvital immature teeth,pulp revascularization showed a superior therapeutic effect in comparison with the apical barrier technique.

Singularity Formation forthe General Poiseuille Flow of Nematic Liquid Crystals

We consider the Poiseuille flow of nematic liquid crystals via the full Ericksen-Leslie model.The model is described by a coupled system consisting of a heat equation and a quasilinear wave equation.In this paper,we will construct an example with a finite time cusp singularity due to the quasilinearity of the wave equation,extended from an earlier resultonaspecial case.

SHAPE ANALYSIS FOR A KIND OF RATIONAL PARAMETRIC CUBIC CURVES

A rational parametric planar cubic H spline curve is defined by a set of control vertices in a plane and percentage factors of line segments between every two control vertices. Movement of any control vertex affects three curve segments. This paper is the succession and development of reference of Tang Yuehong. We analyze the geometric features like cusps and inflection points in the curve and calculate the cusps and inflection points, then give a necessary and sufficient condition to the inflection points in the curve when it is non degenerative, and finally show that the curves have no cusps in the interval (0,1). In many applications, it is desirable to analyze the parametric curves for undesirable features like cusps and inflection points

大回旋cusp电子注数值模拟

新一代宽带、高增益、大功率回旋行波管需要新型的电子注,而大回旋cusp电子注为其实现提供了可能。对大回旋cusp电子注进行系统理论分析,建立了大回旋cusp电子注的物理模型,在理论分析基础上进行了大量数值计算和模拟优化,并对大回旋cusp电子枪设计中的影响因素进行探讨。设计出一支低速度零散、高速度比、低纹波,适用于高次谐波的高功率(54 kV,2.7 A)cusp电子枪。

大尺寸单晶炉勾形磁场的优化设计

本文在分析cusp磁场抑制对流原理的基础上,采用有限元法对大尺寸单晶炉cusp磁场进行了建模。利用模型分析了磁场结构尺寸对磁场强度的影响,优化了磁场结构;分析了线圈规格对磁场功率的影响,优化了磁场功率;并通过实验验证了建模方法的有效性。实验结果表明:该模拟方法可用于大尺寸单晶炉cusp磁场的实际设计。

CUSP突变模型在地壳形变和强震危险性判定中的应用

应用ＣＵＳＰ（尖角）突变模型研究了板内边界带地壳形变与强震的危险性判定及其预测的方法，并以鲜水河断裂带１９７３～１９８２年的动态大地测量和地震活动数据作了验证。结果表明：（１）强震前该断裂带地壳形变与蕴震系统经历了稳定平衡—不稳定平衡—稳定平衡—不稳定平衡—近于临界状态的过程。（２）系统的不稳定平衡状态在不同的观测点位具有同步性和持续性，且持续的时间与未来的地震强度有关。（３）预测未来事件发生的时间、震级、位移与实际发生的事件基本相符。

二次谐波回旋行波管Cusp电子枪的模拟与实验研究

利用3D PIC软件和乌克兰开发的电子光学计算软件TAU对二次谐波回旋行波管Cusp电子枪进行模拟,提取电子的3维运动速度计算横纵速度比。在阳极电压和阴极电流变化的条件下,对电子速度比和速度零散随之而变化的情况进行了模拟,得到平均速度比1.1和平均速度零散9.5%的结果。基于电子平均半径,并根据电子平均半径与横向速度、纵向速度的关系提出了一种实验测量速度比的方法。当电子轰击荧光屏玻璃时,玻璃上的荧光物质感应到光斑,测量空心光斑的平均半径可计算得到电子速度比,其结果与模拟值误差15%。