An integrated, efficient and effective performance management system, "dynamic performance management system", is presented, which covers the entire performance management process including measures design, analysis...An integrated, efficient and effective performance management system, "dynamic performance management system", is presented, which covers the entire performance management process including measures design, analysis, and dynamic update. The analysis of performance measures using causal loop diagrams, qualitative inference and analytic network process is mainly discussed. A real world case study is carried out throughout the paper to explain how the framework works. A software tool for DPMS, Performance Analyzer, is also introduced.展开更多
The performance model proposed by this study represents an innovative approach to deal with performance assessment in ATM (air traffic management). It is based on Bayesian networks methodology, which presents severa...The performance model proposed by this study represents an innovative approach to deal with performance assessment in ATM (air traffic management). It is based on Bayesian networks methodology, which presents several advantages but also some drawbacks as highlighted along the paper. We illustrate the main steps required for building the model and present a number of interesting results. The contribution of the paper is two-fold: (1) It presents a new methodological approach to deal with a problem which is of strategic importance for ANSPs (air navigation service providers); (2) It provides insights on the interdependencies between factors influencing performance. Both results are considered particularly important nowadays, due to the SES (Single European Sky) performance scheme and its related target setting process.展开更多
The traffic with tidal phenomenon in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks(HWNs)has radically increased the complexity of radio resource management and its performance analysis.In this paper,a Simplified Dynamic Hierarchy R...The traffic with tidal phenomenon in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks(HWNs)has radically increased the complexity of radio resource management and its performance analysis.In this paper,a Simplified Dynamic Hierarchy Resource Management(SDHRM)algorithm exploiting the resources dynamically and intelligently is proposed with the consideration of tidal traffic.In network-level resource allocation,the proposed algorithm first adopts wavelet neural network to forecast the traffic of each sub-area and then allocates the resources to those sub-areas to maximise the network utility.In connection-level network selection,based on the above resource allocation and the pre-defined QoS requirement,three typical network selection policies are provided to assign traffic flow to the most appropriate network.Furthermore,based on multidimensional Markov model,we analyse the performance of SDHRM in HWNs with heavy tailed traffic.Numerical results show that our theoretical values coincide with the simulation results and the SDHRM can improve the resource utilization.展开更多
This study develops an optimal performance monitoring metric for a hybrid free space optical and radio wireless network, the Outage Capacity Objective Function. The objective function—the dependence of hybrid channel...This study develops an optimal performance monitoring metric for a hybrid free space optical and radio wireless network, the Outage Capacity Objective Function. The objective function—the dependence of hybrid channel outage capacity upon the error rate, jointly quantifies the effects of atmospheric optical impairments on the performance of the free space optical segment as well as the effect of RF channel impairments on the radio frequency segment. The objective function is developed from the basic information-theoretic capacity of the optical and radio channels using the gamma-gamma model for optical fading and Ricean statistics for the radio channel fading. A simulation is performed by using the hybrid network. The objective function is shown to provide significantly improved sensitivity to degrading performance trends and supports of proactive link failure prediction and mitigation when compared to current thresholding techniques for signal quality metrics.展开更多
Drone applications in 5th generation(5G)networks mainly focus on services and use cases such as providing connectivity during crowded events,human-instigated disasters,unmanned aerial vehicle traffic management,intern...Drone applications in 5th generation(5G)networks mainly focus on services and use cases such as providing connectivity during crowded events,human-instigated disasters,unmanned aerial vehicle traffic management,internet of things in the sky,and situation awareness.4G and 5G cellular networks face various challenges to ensure dynamic control and safe mobility of the drone when it is tasked with delivering these services.The drone can fly in three-dimensional space.The drone connectivity can suffer from increased handover cost due to several reasons,including variations in the received signal strength indicator,co-channel interference offered to the drone by neighboring cells,and abrupt drop in lobe edge signals due to antenna nulls.The baseline greedy handover algorithm only ensures the strongest connection between the drone and small cells so that the drone may experience several handovers.Intended for fast environment learning,machine learning techniques such as Q-learning help the drone fly with minimum handover cost along with robust connectivity.In this study,we propose a Q-learning-based approach evaluated in three different scenarios.The handover decision is optimized gradually using Q-learning to provide efficient mobility support with high data rate in time-sensitive applications,tactile internet,and haptics communication.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively minimize the handover cost in a learning environment.This work presents a notable contribution to determine the optimal route of drones for researchers who are exploring UAV use cases in cellular networks where a large testing site comprised of several cells with multiple UAVs is under consideration.展开更多
A considerable number of applications are running over IP networks.This increased the contention on the network resource,which ultimately results in congestion.Active queue management(AQM)aims to reduce the serious co...A considerable number of applications are running over IP networks.This increased the contention on the network resource,which ultimately results in congestion.Active queue management(AQM)aims to reduce the serious consequences of network congestion in the router buffer and its negative effects on network performance.AQM methods implement different techniques in accordance with congestion indicators,such as queue length and average queue length.The performance of the network is evaluated using delay,loss,and throughput.The gap between congestion indicators and network performance measurements leads to the decline in network performance.In this study,delay and loss predictions are used as congestion indicators in a novel stochastic approach for AQM.The proposed method estimates the congestion in the router buffer and then uses the indicators to calculate the dropping probability,which is responsible for managing the router buffer.The experimental results,based on two sets of experiments,have shown that the proposed method outperformed the existing benchmark algorithms including RED,ERED and BLUE algorithms.For instance,in the first experiment,the proposed method resides in the third-place in terms of delay when compared to the benchmark algorithms.In addition,the proposed method outperformed the benchmark algorithms in terms of packet loss,packet dropping,and packet retransmission.Overall,the proposed method outperformed the benchmark algorithms because it preserves packet loss while maintaining reasonable queuing delay.展开更多
The research topic of this article "Managing and measuring business networks in Russia" has been under consideration in three successive research projects oriented to Russian business to business (B2B) networks. T...The research topic of this article "Managing and measuring business networks in Russia" has been under consideration in three successive research projects oriented to Russian business to business (B2B) networks. The projects have been accomplished by HAMK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, and Tampere University of Technology (TUT). Russian experts from The Higher School of Economics in Moscow and the Graduate School of Management in St. Petersburg were involved in these projects. We asked how managing and measuring B2B networks should be developed, when a company becomes established to Russian market. Both qualitative and quantitative analytical methods were used. Results concerning performance measurement presented in this article are based on data which was collected using survey and a questionnaire. Methodical triangulation was carried out as both research instruments produced 17 full answers for questions concerning performance measurement. Wider results are based on about 200 face-to-face interviews and answers for questionnaires. Results indicate that in Russia the management and leadership models as well as the company performance measurement should be adjusted to Russian traditions. Networked companies have difficulties in applying matrix type organizations in Russia, as management practices are based traditionally on authoritarian leadership. However, clear and specific targets should be set for projects and strategic business areas. Targets and bonuses should be agreed on with managers and staff throughout the company and the business network. Personal networks, within project stake- holders, have more emphasis in Russia than in Finland, because personal relations to authorities', and organizations are needed at every stage of the project. Therefore, managing SMEs working in B2B networks is challenging in Russia. In this article, a method for setting and implementing strategic targets for a business networked company is presented. Understanding networked performance measurement indicators will enable successful business for all networked partners in the long tenn.展开更多
Household medicine lease (HML) industry originated way back in the Edo period (17C-19C), when it was promoted by the local fiefdom government to revitalize the economy. Accumulations of wealth, acquired thereafter...Household medicine lease (HML) industry originated way back in the Edo period (17C-19C), when it was promoted by the local fiefdom government to revitalize the economy. Accumulations of wealth, acquired thereafter from everywhere outside the region, have culminated in the formation of the present-day industrial cluster in Toyama, the largest in the whole area facing the Sea of Japan. Today an adaptation of the quasi-CRM (customer relationship management) business model of the HML system has proved to be a success in Mongolia. This fact seems to offer the authors some clues for dealing with those problems that healthcare and medical services in Japan and elsewhere are riddled with. In this paper, focusing on the common critical success factors (CSFs) behind the success of the authors' prototype HML system and its recent successful application in Mongolia, the authors will analyze these factors from the perspective of CRM. The authors will then clarify the following: (1) the usefulness of the business model for ensuring primary healthcare for people in developing countries; (2) the usefulness in our ubiquitous network society of applying ICT to the HML system; (3) possible contributions that the use of the system can make toward improving the quality of our everyday healthcare and medical services in our prominently aging society; and the authors will also suggest (4) the importance of elevating "individual self-medication" to "community-based self-medication".展开更多
文摘An integrated, efficient and effective performance management system, "dynamic performance management system", is presented, which covers the entire performance management process including measures design, analysis, and dynamic update. The analysis of performance measures using causal loop diagrams, qualitative inference and analytic network process is mainly discussed. A real world case study is carried out throughout the paper to explain how the framework works. A software tool for DPMS, Performance Analyzer, is also introduced.
文摘The performance model proposed by this study represents an innovative approach to deal with performance assessment in ATM (air traffic management). It is based on Bayesian networks methodology, which presents several advantages but also some drawbacks as highlighted along the paper. We illustrate the main steps required for building the model and present a number of interesting results. The contribution of the paper is two-fold: (1) It presents a new methodological approach to deal with a problem which is of strategic importance for ANSPs (air navigation service providers); (2) It provides insights on the interdependencies between factors influencing performance. Both results are considered particularly important nowadays, due to the SES (Single European Sky) performance scheme and its related target setting process.
基金ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This work was supported by the National Na- tural Science Foundation of China under Gra- nts No. 61172079, 61231008, No. 61201141, No. 61301176 the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) under Grant No. 2009CB320404+2 种基金 the 111 Project under Gr- ant No. B08038 the National Science and Tec- hnology Major Project under Grant No. 2012- ZX03002009-003, No. 2012ZX03004002-003 and the Shaanxi Province Science and Techno- logy Research and Development Program un- der Grant No. 2011KJXX-40.
文摘The traffic with tidal phenomenon in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks(HWNs)has radically increased the complexity of radio resource management and its performance analysis.In this paper,a Simplified Dynamic Hierarchy Resource Management(SDHRM)algorithm exploiting the resources dynamically and intelligently is proposed with the consideration of tidal traffic.In network-level resource allocation,the proposed algorithm first adopts wavelet neural network to forecast the traffic of each sub-area and then allocates the resources to those sub-areas to maximise the network utility.In connection-level network selection,based on the above resource allocation and the pre-defined QoS requirement,three typical network selection policies are provided to assign traffic flow to the most appropriate network.Furthermore,based on multidimensional Markov model,we analyse the performance of SDHRM in HWNs with heavy tailed traffic.Numerical results show that our theoretical values coincide with the simulation results and the SDHRM can improve the resource utilization.
文摘This study develops an optimal performance monitoring metric for a hybrid free space optical and radio wireless network, the Outage Capacity Objective Function. The objective function—the dependence of hybrid channel outage capacity upon the error rate, jointly quantifies the effects of atmospheric optical impairments on the performance of the free space optical segment as well as the effect of RF channel impairments on the radio frequency segment. The objective function is developed from the basic information-theoretic capacity of the optical and radio channels using the gamma-gamma model for optical fading and Ricean statistics for the radio channel fading. A simulation is performed by using the hybrid network. The objective function is shown to provide significantly improved sensitivity to degrading performance trends and supports of proactive link failure prediction and mitigation when compared to current thresholding techniques for signal quality metrics.
基金This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(No.2018R1D1A1B07049877)and the Strengthening R&D Capability Program of Sejong University.
文摘Drone applications in 5th generation(5G)networks mainly focus on services and use cases such as providing connectivity during crowded events,human-instigated disasters,unmanned aerial vehicle traffic management,internet of things in the sky,and situation awareness.4G and 5G cellular networks face various challenges to ensure dynamic control and safe mobility of the drone when it is tasked with delivering these services.The drone can fly in three-dimensional space.The drone connectivity can suffer from increased handover cost due to several reasons,including variations in the received signal strength indicator,co-channel interference offered to the drone by neighboring cells,and abrupt drop in lobe edge signals due to antenna nulls.The baseline greedy handover algorithm only ensures the strongest connection between the drone and small cells so that the drone may experience several handovers.Intended for fast environment learning,machine learning techniques such as Q-learning help the drone fly with minimum handover cost along with robust connectivity.In this study,we propose a Q-learning-based approach evaluated in three different scenarios.The handover decision is optimized gradually using Q-learning to provide efficient mobility support with high data rate in time-sensitive applications,tactile internet,and haptics communication.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively minimize the handover cost in a learning environment.This work presents a notable contribution to determine the optimal route of drones for researchers who are exploring UAV use cases in cellular networks where a large testing site comprised of several cells with multiple UAVs is under consideration.
文摘A considerable number of applications are running over IP networks.This increased the contention on the network resource,which ultimately results in congestion.Active queue management(AQM)aims to reduce the serious consequences of network congestion in the router buffer and its negative effects on network performance.AQM methods implement different techniques in accordance with congestion indicators,such as queue length and average queue length.The performance of the network is evaluated using delay,loss,and throughput.The gap between congestion indicators and network performance measurements leads to the decline in network performance.In this study,delay and loss predictions are used as congestion indicators in a novel stochastic approach for AQM.The proposed method estimates the congestion in the router buffer and then uses the indicators to calculate the dropping probability,which is responsible for managing the router buffer.The experimental results,based on two sets of experiments,have shown that the proposed method outperformed the existing benchmark algorithms including RED,ERED and BLUE algorithms.For instance,in the first experiment,the proposed method resides in the third-place in terms of delay when compared to the benchmark algorithms.In addition,the proposed method outperformed the benchmark algorithms in terms of packet loss,packet dropping,and packet retransmission.Overall,the proposed method outperformed the benchmark algorithms because it preserves packet loss while maintaining reasonable queuing delay.
文摘The research topic of this article "Managing and measuring business networks in Russia" has been under consideration in three successive research projects oriented to Russian business to business (B2B) networks. The projects have been accomplished by HAMK, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, and Tampere University of Technology (TUT). Russian experts from The Higher School of Economics in Moscow and the Graduate School of Management in St. Petersburg were involved in these projects. We asked how managing and measuring B2B networks should be developed, when a company becomes established to Russian market. Both qualitative and quantitative analytical methods were used. Results concerning performance measurement presented in this article are based on data which was collected using survey and a questionnaire. Methodical triangulation was carried out as both research instruments produced 17 full answers for questions concerning performance measurement. Wider results are based on about 200 face-to-face interviews and answers for questionnaires. Results indicate that in Russia the management and leadership models as well as the company performance measurement should be adjusted to Russian traditions. Networked companies have difficulties in applying matrix type organizations in Russia, as management practices are based traditionally on authoritarian leadership. However, clear and specific targets should be set for projects and strategic business areas. Targets and bonuses should be agreed on with managers and staff throughout the company and the business network. Personal networks, within project stake- holders, have more emphasis in Russia than in Finland, because personal relations to authorities', and organizations are needed at every stage of the project. Therefore, managing SMEs working in B2B networks is challenging in Russia. In this article, a method for setting and implementing strategic targets for a business networked company is presented. Understanding networked performance measurement indicators will enable successful business for all networked partners in the long tenn.
文摘Household medicine lease (HML) industry originated way back in the Edo period (17C-19C), when it was promoted by the local fiefdom government to revitalize the economy. Accumulations of wealth, acquired thereafter from everywhere outside the region, have culminated in the formation of the present-day industrial cluster in Toyama, the largest in the whole area facing the Sea of Japan. Today an adaptation of the quasi-CRM (customer relationship management) business model of the HML system has proved to be a success in Mongolia. This fact seems to offer the authors some clues for dealing with those problems that healthcare and medical services in Japan and elsewhere are riddled with. In this paper, focusing on the common critical success factors (CSFs) behind the success of the authors' prototype HML system and its recent successful application in Mongolia, the authors will analyze these factors from the perspective of CRM. The authors will then clarify the following: (1) the usefulness of the business model for ensuring primary healthcare for people in developing countries; (2) the usefulness in our ubiquitous network society of applying ICT to the HML system; (3) possible contributions that the use of the system can make toward improving the quality of our everyday healthcare and medical services in our prominently aging society; and the authors will also suggest (4) the importance of elevating "individual self-medication" to "community-based self-medication".