Multi-Step Clustering of Smart Meters Time Series:Application to Demand Flexibility Characterization of SME Customers

Customer segmentation according to load-shape profiles using smart meter data is an increasingly important application to vital the planning and operation of energy systems and to enable citizens’participation in the energy transition.This study proposes an innovative multi-step clustering procedure to segment customers based on load-shape patterns at the daily and intra-daily time horizons.Smart meter data is split between daily and hourly normalized time series to assess monthly,weekly,daily,and hourly seasonality patterns separately.The dimensionality reduction implicit in the splitting allows a direct approach to clustering raw daily energy time series data.The intraday clustering procedure sequentially identifies representative hourly day-unit profiles for each customer and the entire population.For the first time,a step function approach is applied to reduce time series dimensionality.Customer attributes embedded in surveys are employed to build external clustering validation metrics using Cramer’s V correlation factors and to identify statistically significant determinants of load-shape in energy usage.In addition,a time series features engineering approach is used to extract 16 relevant demand flexibility indicators that characterize customers and corresponding clusters along four different axes:available Energy(E),Temporal patterns(T),Consistency(C),and Variability(V).The methodology is implemented on a real-world electricity consumption dataset of 325 Small and Medium-sized Enterprise(SME)customers,identifying 4 daily and 6 hourly easy-to-interpret,well-defined clusters.The application of the methodology includes selecting key parameters via grid search and a thorough comparison of clustering distances and methods to ensure the robustness of the results.Further research can test the scalability of the methodology to larger datasets from various customer segments(households and large commercial)and locations with different weather and socioeconomic conditions.

Study on the Alignment Between Talent Training Directions and Employment Market Demands in the Landscape Architecture Industry

Currently,talent training in Chinese universities for landscape architecture is mainly divided into three directions:“landscape planning and design,”“landscape construction management,”and“landscape plant planting and maintenance.”However,with the background of the slowing urbanization process and the widespread demand for composite talents in society,it remains to be verified whether the traditional three major talent training directions in landscape architecture align with the job demands in the current construction market.Based on a survey and analysis of over 300 industry practitioners,this study found a clear trend of merging the three major employment directions into“landscape design and construction”and“landscape plant planting and maintenance.”This presents new requirements and directions for the skill training of landscape architecture majors in universities and provides insights into the alignment between talent training and employment demands in other industries.

A study on the health service demands and influence factors among elderly people based on a community survey in Western China

Objective:To investigate the health service demands and to analyze influencing factors among elderly people based on a community survey in Guilin,China.Methods:A random sampling was used to investigate 366 elderly people in a community using a Health-Care-Needs questionnaire,which was designed by The Western Nursing Alliance research team in China.This survey was used to understand the basic situation,financial condition,health condition,self-care abilities,pension plan,and care services demands of the elderly residing at home.Additionally,this article analyzed the influencing factors contributing to the obtained results.Results:The top 3 nursing needs were security needs(1.61±0.45 points),health education needs(1.54±0.57 points),and respect and self-development needs(1.13±0.64 points).Logistic multifactor regression analysis showed that gender,monthly income,lack of exercise,activities of daily living(ADL)scores,methods of medical payment,and pension plan were independent factors affecting elderly nursing needs.Conclusions:The home-based health services supply for elders did not meet their needs.Therefore,a comprehensive approach considering multifactors such as gender,income,exercise,self-care ability,medical expense payments,and supporting preferences should be considered to address the complex needs of health care.

Demands and influencing factors of digital transition care service in discharged older patients:a cross-sectional study

Objective:To identify the group classification of discharged older adults’digital transition care demands and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:From July to August 2022,we used stratified random sampling to recruit older patients who were discharged between July 2021 and July 2022 from tertiary hospitals in Shanghai.We used latent profile analysis to classify the older patients into distinct groups based on their service demands:low,medium,and high.We use multiple logistic regression to explore the factors influencing the different demand levels.Results:The degree of discharged older patients’demand was classified as low(Category 1(C1),34.2%),medium(Category 2(C2),49.5%),high-demand levels(Category 3(C3),16.3%).Compared to those have C2,older adults in C1 are more likely to be male(Odds Ratio(OR)=2.81,P=0.02),have 2 chronic diseases(OR=3.91,P=0.03),and are less likely to be junior high and below(OR=0.09,P=0.00),hospitalized for 1–2 times in the past year(1 times:OR=0.19,P=0.07;2 times:OR=0.14,P=0.02),living with children(OR=0.32,P=0.05),have less insurance(OR=0.48,P=0.03),less understanding of digital transitional care(OR=0.47,P=0.01),have less eHealth literacy(OR=0.80,P=0.00),have less degree of importance attributed by family(OR=0.52,P=0.03);Compared to those have medium demand level,older adults in high demand level are more likely to have self and spouse as primary income(self:OR=26.35,P=0.00;spouse:OR=24.06,P=0.02),walking to the nearest health facility(self:6.74,P=0.03),have higher eHealth literacy(OR=1.88,P=0.00),degree of importance within the family(OR=5.19,P=0.01),higher self’s influence on medical decisions-making(OR=5.69.P=0.01).They are less likely to be in 60–79 years group(OR=0.00–0.37,P=0.00–0.03),Household Annual Income<5,000 CNY(OR=0.05,P=0.02).Conclusion:Digital transitional care demands of discharged older patients can be divided into three categories.Constructing a digital transitional care service system that aligns with the demands of discharged older patients is essential.Communication,care plan development,and follow-up are the most fundamental services.Additionally,it is essential to understand the characteristics of high-demand populations to provide tailored services and identify vulnerable populations from health and social perspectives to offer cost-effective transitional care services.

RESEARCH ON MUNICIPAL WATER DEMANDS FORECAST

Based on the changing law of municipal water demand,a trigonometric function model for short-term water demand forecast is established using the time-series analysis approach.The method for forecasting water demand during holidays and under unexpected events is also presented.Meanwhile,a computer software is developed.Through actual application,this method performs well and has high accuracy,so it can be applied to the daily operation of a water distribution system and lay a foundation for on-line optimal operation.

高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务

党的二十大报告提出以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴,形成对中国式现代化的系统性认知,强调高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。改革开放以来,在中国共产党的领导下,我国逐步摆脱观念桎梏和教条约束,坚持一切从国情出发,创造了人类文明新形态。经济全球化势不可挡,世界必然是和而不同的全球格局,不同文明形态、不同经济体制、不同行为方式共存形成人类命运共同体。这是中国式现代化的底层逻辑,体现了中国经济高质量发展的世界意义。从中国式现代化视角透视高质量发展的深刻叙事,有助于深刻诠释中国式现代化的核心意涵。

基层全科医生常见病诊疗能力现状与能力提升需求调查

背景建立基层卫生“守门人”制度,实现基层首诊、有序分流是落实分级诊疗制度的关键,而实施基层首诊的关键在于基层医疗卫生队伍能力建设。目的了解湖南省基层全科医生的常见病诊疗能力、转诊和循证实践能力现状,并了解其能力提升培训的需求,为开展以需求为导向的培训提供依据。方法2023年4—5月采用便利抽样的方法,选取近5年在中南大学湘雅医院参加过住院医师规范化培训或全科医师转岗培训的基层全科医生为调查对象,采用自行设计的调查问卷,包括基本信息、常见病诊疗能力的自我评价、循证实践能力的自我评价、能力提升的需求四个部分,利用“问卷星”平台进行数据收集,采用描述性分析方法对结果进行呈现和描述。结果共收集到来自湖南省各个地级市、自治州的337份有效问卷,其中128份来自社区卫生服务中心,209份来自乡镇卫生机构。乡镇卫生机构与社区卫生服务中心全科医生的性别、年龄、职称、基层工作年限、编制情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。调查结果显示,75.1%(253/337)的基层全科医生认为自己具备基层常见病的诊疗能力;16.6%(56/337)的医生表示对某些疾病能力欠缺,这些疾病的前六位为抑郁[89.3%(50/56)]、压力性尿失禁[69.6%(39/56)]、痴呆[66.1%(37/56)]、脑卒中[53.6%(30/56)]、共病[51.8%(29/56)]、结核[46.4%(26/56)],结果在社区全科医生和乡镇全科医生中相似。71.8%(242/337)的基层全科医生表示对转诊规范和流程不够熟悉。73.0%(246/337)的医生表示对循证医学不够了解,85.8%(247/288)的基层全科医生表示循证医学在日常诊疗中的应用有限。77.2%(260/337)的医生对基层常见病的诊疗指南不够了解;90.8%(306/337)的医生在决策困难时一般不会选择查找指南,其原因主要是认为指南不能解决复杂的病情[50.0%(153/306)]、不清楚获取指南的操作[43.1%(132/306)]和来源[34.3%(105/306)]等;目前获取诊疗指南的渠道主要是微信公众号平台[72.5%(237/327)]、知网等数据库[50.2%(164/327)]。97.0%(327/337)的基层全科医生对能力提升的培训有需求,并提出应根据基层需求个性化开展培训[60.8%(205/337)];期望的途径主要是上级医院进修[71.3%(233/327)]和高诊疗能力的基层医疗卫生机构培训[56.3%(184/327)];期望的培训项目主要是常见疾病[78.0%(263/337)]和多病共存[69.4%(234/337)]的规范诊疗和转诊。结论湖南省基层全科医生中大多数认为自己具备基层常见病的诊疗能力,但对抑郁、压力性尿失禁、痴呆、脑卒中、共病、结核等疾病的诊疗能力相对欠缺;大多数医生规范转诊、循证医学实践、指南检索和应用等能力有待提高,提示这些可作为能力提升培训的侧重项目。基层全科医生对培训的需求较高,主要希望通过去高诊疗能力的卫生机构进修学习,对基层常见疾病和多病共存的规范诊疗、转诊培训有较高需求,具体的培训方式和内容可在广泛了解基层需求后根据实际情况制定。

Research of Informatization Demands of New Countryside in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone and Related Countermeasures

[Objective] The aim was to survey and analyze informatization demand in new countryside in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone and to propose counter- measures, [Method] A questionnaire was made among farmers on informatization de- mands in different regions in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone and the re- sults were analyzed to propose countermeasures promoting informatization. [Result] With strengthening of information awareness, information demands in rural areas in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone change as follows： Information demand car- rier changes from traditional media to modern media; demand on information content changes from one-way to diversified one; demand of information service changes from one-way transmission to interaction and exchange. However, some problems still exist in informatization process, such as poor infrastructure, dispersed information resources, higher information expense and shortage of information-based talents. Hence, the countermeasures were proposed, as follows： Rational security systems should be established; financing should be as diversified as possible; informatization infrastructure should be reinforced; agricultural economic information and informatiza- tion service system should be established. [Conclusion] The research lays foundation for construction of informatization in new countryside in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone.

面向地方中药产业需求的课程改革——以中药分析为例

以思政教育为背景、产业需求为导向,探讨专业核心课程教学改革的新路径。作者以中药分析课程教学为例,针对人才培养中存在的课程教学与中药产业衔接性不强问题,从课程思政、理论资源、实践资源、创新创业四方面进行四段式教学模式改革,构建中药分析课程全方面教学新模式。该课程教学模式的改革不仅提高了学生学习的积极性,同时培养了学生独立思考、协调合作、解决问题及创新创业的能力,也提升了学生对中药分析课程的兴趣,进一步改善了课程的教学质量。

基于消费需求的夜间登山智能鞋类设计

伴随着登山运动的不断普及以及鞋服智能化程度的不断加深,登山鞋靴的设计也亟待转型升级。以夜间登山智能鞋为研究对象,从消费者视角出发,通过词频分析法识别夜间登山鞋在实用性和智能化方面的关键需求,即发光和定位两大功能。总结出发光和定位两大类功能中的10项细分功能点,采用问卷调查法分析消费群体对各功能点的需求程度和需求差异。最后采用发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode,LED)、荧光面料、全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,GPS)和智能互联技术,设计了一款集成照明、提示、导航、求助和互动等多种功能的智能夜间登山鞋。设计方案不仅拓展了登山鞋的功能性设计思路,且为夜间登山智能鞋的设计和制作提供了实践参考,有助于推动户外运动产业的智能化发展,满足消费者对夜间登山活动安全性和便捷性的要求。

基于改进两步移动搜索法的南京市养老机构空间可达性研究

空间可达性是评价一个城市养老服务设施配置科学性的关键指标之一,精准衡量城市养老机构的空间异质性、合理规划养老公共空间,是实现城市稳定健康发展的重要保障。以南京市为例,基于多源数据构建随机森林模型将南京市2022年常住人口格网化,结合改进的两步移动搜索法进行养老服务设施的可达性分级测算,通过构建养老机构空间自相关探究其空间分异特征。结果表明:南京市养老机构空间可达性整体较好,但区域配置差异明显;主城区和副中心城区的可达性高,城乡结合部和边缘农村区域可达性较差。

Challenges and Demands for College English Teachers Raised by Training All-round Qualified Persons

The latest issue of College English Curriculum Requirements has posed challenges and demands for teachers in terms of linguistic competence, academic knowledge, language skills, professional morality, emotional and attitudinal qualifications, etc., which requires teachers to embrace and handle with active and open-minded responses. Hence, teachers ought to strive to develop and improve their own overall qualifications in collaboration with the long-term development of the subject and of the national higher education, with the need of qualified persons demanded by social development and the students＇ learning. Teachers also ought to form a notion of scientific development by keeping pace with the time, so as to discern the trend of subject development, to form appropriate judgments concerning the social development and to properly regulate their own development.

湖北省储能需求规模研究及抽水蓄能布局分析

湖北省地势为东、西、北三面环山,中间低平,略呈向南敞开的不完整盆地,天然具备建设抽水蓄能电站所需的地形高差和充足的水源条件。从站点资源分布来看,抽水蓄能资源站点基本位于西部、北部和东北部的大别山区,其中尤其以西部山区资源站点相对最多,中部江汉平原站点资源较少。湖北省2030年无需新增区外来电补充电量,考虑新增约760万kW储能补充电力缺口,新能源消纳率为96.2%;2035年考虑由储能设施+区外来电补充电力缺口和电量缺口,通过拟定多组方案开展模拟和经济分析,2035年储能总需求规模1991万kW,新能源消纳率可达到95%以上,年费用相对最低,经济性最好。从分区电力市场空间进一步分析,2035年鄂东储能需求规模为840万kW,鄂西储能需求规模为690万kW,鄂西北合理需求规模为461万kW。总体而言,湖北省抽水蓄能资源分布与需求一定程度上匹配,未来抽水蓄能和新型储能布局宜重点考虑鄂东、鄂西北区域。

Link Demands对.NET Framework分布式系统安全性的影响

客观地讲,.NET安全体系是采用全新的模式建立的,更多地考虑了基于.NET的应用系统在安全性和执行效率上的统一,这一点是可以理解的。它提出了基于WEB的分布式应用系统在安全核心技术上新的设计思想。影响.NETFramework应用系统安全性的因素有很多,其中由链接请求(Linkdemands)引起的影响系统安全性的潜在错误相当多。文章分析了Linkdemands可能带来的系统安全性隐患,并就此提出了一些建议。

Time-variant fragility analysis of the bridge system considering time-varying dependence among typical component seismic demands

This paper presents a copula technique to develop time-variant seismic fragility curves for corroded bridges at the system level and considers the realistic time-varying dependence among component seismic demands. Based on material deterioration mechanisms and incremental dynamic analysis, the time-evolving seismic demands of components were obtained in the form of marginal probability distributions. The time-varying dependences among bridge components were then captured with the best fitting copula function, which was selected from the commonly used copula classes by the empirical distribution based analysis method. The system time-variant fragility curves at different damage states were developed and the effects of time-varying dependences among components on the bridge system fragility were investigated. The results indicate the time-varying dependence among components significantly affects the time-variant fragility of the bridge system. The copula technique captures the nonlinear dependence among component seismic demands accurately and easily by separating the marginal distributions and the dependence among them.

Ductility demands on buckling-restrained braced frames under earthquake loading

Accurate estimates of ductility demands on buckling-restrained braced frames(BRBFs)are crucial to performance-based design of BRBFs.An analytical study on the seismic behavior of BRBFs has been conducted at the ATLSS Center,Lehigh University to prepare for an upcoming experimental program.The analysis program DRAIN-2DX was used to model a one-bay,four-story prototype BRBF including material and geometric nonlinearities.The buckling- restrained brace(BRB)model incorporates both isotropic and kinematic hardening.Nonlinear static pushover and time- history analyses were performed on the prototype BRBF.Performance objectives for the BRBs were defined and used to evaluate the time-history analysis results.Particular emphasis was placed on global ductility demands and ductility demands on the BRBs.These demands were compared with anticipated ductility capacities.The analysis results,along with results from similar previous studies,are used to evaluate the BRBF design provisions that have been recommended for codification in the United States.The results show that BRB maximum ductility demands can be as high as 20 to 25.These demands significantly exceed those anticipated by the BRBF recommended provisions.Results from the static pushover and time- history analyses are used to demonstrate why the ductility demands exceed those anticipated by the recommended provisions. The BRB qualification testing protocol contained in the BRBF recommended provisions is shown to be inadequate because it requires only a maximum ductility demand of at most 7.5.Modifications to the testing protocol are recommended.

大盂产业新城供水系统研究及净水处理工艺设计

大盂产业新城作为规划拓展的北部新区,处于城市公共供水盲区。为实现安全可靠的供水体系保障,着重对供水系统的整体布局、水源选取进行了分析,从水量预测、方案优选、厂站选址、处理工艺等方面进行了论述,提出了多水源、大高差、统一管网下分区、分压运行模式的设计思路,达到了多水源并网、压力平衡的效果,解决了新城城市公共供水体系建设的难题。

Investigation of Direct Causes of Drug Relapse and Abstainers’ Demands in a Compulsive Detoxification Center in Wuhan City of China

Objective To identify the direct causes of drug relapse and abstainers’ demand, and to develop programs for the prevention of drug relapse. Methods Abstainers in a Compulsive Detoxification Center in Wuhan City, capital of Hubei Province were randomly selected. An investigation on the direct causes of drug relapse and abstainers’ demands was conducted with multiple-choice questionnaires and face to face interviews. Data were analyzed with SPSS 12.0. Results The direct causes leading to drug relapse included： temptation to use drug again by themselves or by their drug mates, seeking pleasure and ecstasy from drug use, relatively well off living, mental stress, irritation, demoralization, family conflicts, unemployment, feeling distrusted by the family, lack of care and love from the family, and discrimination by others. abstainers’ demands after detoxification and returning to the society included： care and support from the family, employment assistance, changing living environment, understanding by others, support from the society, and keeping far away from drugs. Conclusions Environmental factors are the direct causes of drug relapse, and negative irritation is its predisposing causes. Leaving former residence, more care and help given by both the family and the society and raising their overall quality of life are the demands of abstainers.

An improved modal pushover analysis procedure for estimating seismic demands of structures

The pushover analysis （POA） procedure is difficult to apply to high-rise buildings, as it cannot account for the contributions of higher modes. To overcome this limitation, a modal pushover analysis （MPA） procedure was proposed by Chopra et al. （2001）. However, invariable lateral force distributions are still adopted in the MPA. In this paper, an improved MPA procedure is presented to estimate the seismic demands of structures, considering the redistribution of inertia forces after the structure yields. This improved procedure is verified with numerical examples of 5-, 9- and 22-story buildings. It is concluded that the improved MPA procedure is more accurate than either the POA procedure or MPA procedure. In addition, the proposed procedure avoids a large computational effort by adopting a two-phase lateral force distribution..

Finite element modeling assumptions impact on seismic response demands of MRF-buildings

Recent seismic events have raised concerns over the safety and vulnerability of reinforced concrete moment resisting frame ＂RC-MRF＂ buildings. The seismic response of such buildings is greatly dependent on the computational tools used and the inherent assumptions in the modelling process. Thus, it is essential to investigate the sensitivity of the response demands to the corresponding modelling assumption. Many parameters and assumptions are justified to generate effective structural finite element（FE） models of buildings to simulate lateral behaviour and evaluate seismic design demands. As such, the present study focuses on the development of reliable FE models with various levels of refinement. The effects of the FE modelling assumptions on the seismic response demands on the design of buildings are investigated. the predictive ability of a FE model is tied to the accuracy of numerical analysis; a numerical analysis is performed for a series of symmetric buildings in active seismic zones. The results of the seismic response demands are presented in a comparative format to confirm drift and strength limits requirements. A proposed model is formulated based on a simplified modeling approach, where the most refined model is used to calibrate the simplified model.