Endoscopic radial incision and cutting method for adult congenital duodenal webs:A case report

BACKGROUND Congenital duodenal webs are rare in adults and can lead to various symptoms such as nausea,vomiting,and postprandial fullness.The treatment for this disease is mostly surgical.Endoscopic treatment techniques have been developed and attempted for this disease.Endoscopic radial incision and cutting(RIC)techniques are reportedly very effective in benign anastomotic stricture.This case report highlights the effectiveness and safety of endoscopic RIC as a minimally invasive treatment for adult congenital duodenal webs.CASE SUMMARY A 23-year-old female patient with indigestion was referred to a tertiary hospital.The patient complained of postprandial fullness in the epigastric region.Previous physical examinations or blood tests indicated no abnormalities.Computed tomography revealed an eccentric broad-based delayed-enhancing mass-like lesion in the second portion of the duodenum.Endoscopy showed an enlarged gastric cavity and a significantly dilated duodenal bulb;a very small hole was observed in the distal part of the second portion,and scope passage was not possible.Gastrografin upper gastrointestinal series was performed,revealing an intraduodenal barium contrast-filled sac with a curvilinear narrow radiolucent rim,a typical"windsock"sign.Endoscopic RIC was performed on the duodenal web.The patient recovered uneventfully.Follow-up endoscopy showed a patent duodenal lumen without any residual stenosis.The patient reported complete resolution of symptoms at the 18-month follow-up.CONCLUSION Endoscopic RIC may be an effective treatment for congenital duodenal webs in adults.

Longwall mining “cutting cantilever beam theory” and 110 mining method in China——The third mining science innovation

With the third innovation in science and technology worldwide, China has also experienced thismarvelous progress. Concerning the longwall mining in China, the ＂masonry beam theory＂ （MBT） wasfirst proposed in the 1960s, illustrating that the transmission and equilibrium method of overburdenpressure using reserved coal pillar in mined-out areas can be realized. This forms the so-called ＂121mining method＂, which lays a solid foundation for development of mining science and technology inChina. The ＂transfer rock beam theory＂ （TRBT） proposed in the 1980s gives a further understanding forthe transmission path of stope overburden pressure and pressure distribution in high-stress areas. In thisregard, the advanced 121 mining method was proposed with smaller coal pillar for excavation design,making significant contributions to improvement of the coal recovery rate in that era. In the 21st century,the traditional mining technologies faced great challenges and, under the theoretical developmentspioneered by Profs. Minggao Qian and Zhenqi Song, the ＂cutting cantilever beam theory＂ （CCBT） wasproposed in 2008. After that the 110 mining method is formulated subsequently, namely one stope face,after the first mining cycle, needs one advanced gateway excavation, while the other one is automaticallyformed during the last mining cycle without coal pillars left in the mining area. This method can beimplemented using the CCBT by incorporating the key technologies, including the directional presplittingroof cutting, constant resistance and large deformation （CRLD） bolt/anchor supporting systemwith negative Poisson＇s ratio （NPR） effect material, and remote real-time monitoring technology. TheCCBT and 110 mining method will provide the theoretical and technical basis for the development ofmining industry in China.

Risk identification and risk mitigation during metro station construction by enlarging shield tunnel combined with cut-and-cover method

Constructing a metro station by enlarging shield tunnels combined with a mining/cut-and-cover method provides a new method to solve the contradictions of construction time limits of shield tunnels and stations. As a new-style construction method, there are several specific risks involved in the construction process. Based on the test section of Sanyuanqiao station on Beijing metro line 10, and combined with the existing methods of risk identification at present, including a review of world-wide operational experience of similar projects, the study of generic guidance on hazards associated with the type of work being undertaken, and discussions with qualified and experienced staff from the project team, etc., the specific risks during the construction process of the metro station constructed by enlarging shield tunnels combined with the cut-and-cover method are identified. The results show that the specific risks mainly come from three construction processes which include constructing upper enclosure structures, excavating the soil between shield tunnels and demolishing shield segments. Then relevant risk mitigation measures are put forward. The results can provide references for scheme improvement and a comprehensive risk assessment of the new-style construction method.

HALF-CUTTING METHOD during Hysterectomy for Large Uterine Cervical Myoma

Hysterectomy for large uterine cervical myoma is a challenging surgical procedure due to the limited operative field for lateral and posterior dissections. Existing procedures such as performing myomectomy before hysterectomy or performing retrograde hysterectomy remain suboptimal in expanding the operative field, especially in cases with a huge cervical myoma. In this report, we introduce a new procedure, the “HALF-CUTTING METHOD” which can be used to obtain an adequate surgical field during hysterectomy.

Focal Mechanism Solution of the February 23,2014,M_L3.8 Rongchang Earthquake with the CAP(Cut and Paste)Method

A M_L3.8 earthquake occurred on February 23,2014 in Rongchang County,which is located at the southern edge of the Sichuan Basin in the border area between Sichuan and Chongqing. This paper presents results of focal mechanism solution of this earthquake using the CAP( cut and paste) method based on broadband seismograms recorded by regional seismic stations. Our results show that the moment magnitude is M_W3. 09 and focal depth is 3km. The hypocenter of this earthquake is located close to a buried fault in the Luoguangshan anticline. Oil prospecting and deep drilling data indicate that this buried fault is a thrust fault,striking SW230°,dipping NW45°,and 1. 7km deep. There are some injection wells within the anticline,and significant injection-induced earthquakes were observed during the periods of injection of waste water into the deep formations through those wells. The best double couple solution of the M_L3.8 earthquake is 247°,48°and 104° for strike,dip and rate,respectively,for one nodal plane( and 46°,44° and 74°for another nodal plane),which is in agreement with the geometry of the buried fault.Therefore,we conclude that the M_L3.8 Rongchang earthquake is possibly the result of faulting along the buried reverse fault induced by water injection under the compressive stress regime in the area.

Bamboo （Bambusa vulgaris） Regeneration by Cuttings： Comparative Study of Planting Methods of Culm Cuttings at UR-CAVM Busogo Campus Tree Nursery

Bamboo is one of the fastest growing and highest yielding renewable resources with multiple uses in the world. Lack of seedlings in sufficient number has generally been a major constraint in establishing more bamboo plantations. This study investigated the efficiency of regenerating Bambusa vulgaris through cuttings at Busogo sector, Musanze district, using vertical and horizontal methods with and without water treatment. The experiment consisted in a RCBD （Randomized Complete Block Design） with 4 replications. The growth and sprouting of the 64 cuttings were monitored for three months and 18 days （105 days）. In terms of planting method, horizontal planting method showed best sprouting percentage of 68%. In terms of treatment used, horizontal planting method without using water treatment showed slightly better sprouting percentage of 60%. The results further show that about 87% of sprouts had between 0 and 30 cm height and 98% of sprouts had basal diameter ranging from 0 to 20 mm only 105 days after planting. Indeed, the horizontal planting methods provided highest survival rate of sprouts than the vertical planting method （74%） of planted cuttings. Furthermore, the results show that, 105 days after planting, cuttings with horizontal method were more productive in terms of root development. In terms of planting method using water treatment, the horizontal planting method with water treatment showed highest rooting percentage （44%）. Therefore, farmers should be trained and encouraged to use horizontal planting method using water treatment in order to get better results in regenerating bamboo through cuttings.

Power Generation Expansion Planning Using an Interior Point with Cutting Plane （IP/CP） Method

The generation expansion planning is one of complex mixed-integer optimization problems, which involves a large number of continuous or discrete decision variables and constraints. In this paper, an interior point with cutting plane （IP/CP） method is proposed to solve the mixed-integer optimization problem of the electrical power generation expansion planning. The IP/CP method could improve the overall efficiency of the solution and reduce the computational time. Proposed method is combined with the Bender＇s decomposition technique in order to decompose the generation expansion problem into a master investment problem and a slave operational problem. The numerical example is presented to compare with the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Determining the Effect of Cutting Fluids on Surface Roughness in Turning AISI 1330 Alloy Steel Using Taguchi Method

Taguchi method has been employed to investigate the effects of cutting fluids on surface roughness in turning AISI 1330 alloy steel, using manually operated lathe machine. Experiments have been conducted using L27 (34) orthogonal array and each experiment was repeated three times and each test used a new cutting tool, High Speed Steel (HSS), to ensure accurate readings of the surface roughness. The statistical methods of Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratio and the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were applied to investigate effects of cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut on surface roughness under different cutting fluids. Minitab 14 software was used to analyze the effect of variables on the surface roughness. Results obtained indicated that optimal variables for the minimum surface roughness were cutting speed of 35 m/min (level 2), feed of 0.124 mm/rev (level 1), depth of cut of 0.3 mm (level 1) and a cutting fluid with a viscosity of 2.898 mm2/s (level 3). Hence, the optimal parameters to obtain better surface roughness of the workpiece material were obtained when groundnut oil based cutting fluid was used. Analysis of variance shows that feed rate has the most significant effect on surface roughness.

Comparison of Classical Method, Extension Principle and α-Cuts and Interval Arithmetic Method in Solving System of Fuzzy Linear Equations

The system of linear equations plays a vital role in real life problems such as optimization, economics, and engineering. The parameters of the system of linear equations are modeled by taking the experimental or observation data. So the parameters of the system actually contain uncertainty rather than the crisp one. The uncertainties may be considered in term of interval or fuzzy numbers. In this paper, a detailed study of three solution techniques namely Classical Method, Extension Principle method and α-cuts and interval Arithmetic Method to solve the system of fuzzy linear equations has been done. Appropriate applications are given to illustrate each technique. Then we discuss the comparison of the different methods numerically and graphically.

THE NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF CUT-OFF FREQUENCIES IN TWO-DIELECTRIC LAYERED WAVEGUIDE BY USING BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD

This paper diseusses the general principle of finding the cut-off frequencies in two-dielectric lay-ered waveguides by using the boundary element method,based on the fundamental solution of a twodimensional Helmholtz equation.In terms of the formulae given in the paper,some numerical resultsare obtained for two commonly used configurations.The fimal results show that the method is of an appre-ciable precision.

Optimizing the Glass Fiber Cutting Process Using the Taguchi Methods and Grey Relational Analysis

This paper mainly describes a new approach to optimizing of the cutting glass fiber with multiple performance characteristics, based on reliability analysis, Taguchi and Grey methods. During the cutting process, the speed, the volume and the cutting load are optimized cutting parameters when the performance characteristics, which include Weibull modulus and blade wear, are taken into consideration. In this paper, optimization with multiple performance characteristics is found to be the highest cutting speed and the smallest cutting volume, and the medium cutting load. An analysis of the variance of the blade wear indicates that the cutting speed (47.21%), the cutting volume (14.62%) and the cutting load (12.20%) are the most significant parameters in the cutting process of glass fibers. In summary, the most optimal cutting parameter should be A3B1C2. The results of experiments have shown that the multiple performance characteristics of cutting glass fiber are improved effectively through this approach.

Road Layout Cuts Volume Evaluation by Electrical Resistivity Tomography: Case Study of Gagnoa-Gueyo-Bamenadou Road Project

A study of excavated material on the Gagnoa-Guéyo-Bamenadou road project in southwest Côte d’Ivoire was carried out using electrical resistivity tomography with a dipole-dipole configuration. This study aimed to determine the nature and volume of the studied cuts. Based on the cumulative distances of the longitudinal sections of the road alignment superimposed on the tomographic profiles, a cumulative volume of 104681 m3 of material was determined. This volume comprises 88557 m3 of soft cuts and 16,124 m3 of rocky cuts, which can be reused in specific embankment zones. This work may, therefore be useful in the characterization of cuts in a preliminary design study, in order to anticipate changes during the road’s development and asphalting.

The Effect of Tool Construction and Cutting Parameters on Surface Roughness and Vibration in Turning of AISI 1045 Steel Using Taguchi Method

This paper presents an experimental investigation focused on identifying the effects of cutting conditions and tool construction on the surface roughness and natural frequency in turning of AISI1045 steel. Machining experiments were carried out at the lathe using carbide cutting insert coated with TiC and two forms of cutting tools made of AISI 5140 steel. Three levels for spindle speed, depth of cut, feed rate and tool overhang were chosen as cutting variables. The Taguchi method L9 orthogonal array was applied to design of experiment. By the help of signal-to-noise ratio and analysis of variance, it was concluded that spindle speed has the significant effect on the surface roughness, while tool overhang is the dominant factor affecting natural frequency for both cutting tools. In addition, the optimum cutting conditions for surface roughness and natural frequency were found at different levels. Finally, confirmation experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the Taguchi method in optimizing the cutting parameters for surface roughness and natural frequency.

An Improved Method of Extracting Artemisia abrotanum Genomic DNA

[ Objective ] The objective of this study is to explore a rapid and efficient method of extracting genomic DNA from Artemisia abrotanum. [ Method] Three methods of Cutting Method, Liquid Nitrogen Method and Quartz Sand Method based on SDS method were employed to extract Artemisia abrotanum genomlc DNA from tender leaf at seedling stage, tender spike and old leaf at heading stage. The obtained DNAs were detected by absorbance detection, agarose gel and PCR amplification. [ Result ] Cutting Method performed better than the other two methods compared in purity, extracting cycle and cost, accordingly more suitable for PCR amplification. The results also show that young spike is the best material for extracting genomic DNA from Artemisia Annua.

融合Ncut方法的脊椎图像OTSU分割算法

提出一种融合Normalized Cut方法和OTSU方法的脊椎图像分割算法。首先通过Normalized Cut方法得到粗略的分割结果,然后根据脊椎的形状特征提取出有效的脊椎区域,在有效的脊椎区域进行OTSU分割算法,并通过边缘检测算法得到脊椎内部的轮廓边界。实验结果证明该方法可以较为精确地检测出椎骨轮廓的边界,有效地消除了伪边缘的影响。提出了按需分割的概念,首先消除背景区域的影响,然后在有效区域进行更为精细的处理,这样可以较大程度提高算法的处理速度。

结合小波系数的normalized cut分割算法

为了提高normalized cut分割算法的准确率,结合小波系数调整图像的亲和矩阵。首先采用小波系数计算图像的边缘信息,然后使用边缘信息对原始图像构造一个图,求取图的拉普拉斯矩阵的前K个特征值,并对第二个特征值对应的特征向量进行分类,得到最终的分割结果。使用一些自然图像进行了验证,结果证明新方法能提取目标更为细致的细节,保留更多有用的信息。

基于cut-off方法刚性承台下群桩基础优化分析

针对刚性筏板下群桩基础优化设计问题进行分析,通过改变桩长分布来调整各桩的荷载分担,群桩分析采用基于弹性理论的积分方程方法,并通过cut-off方法来反映桩的弹塑性特性,实现群桩基础的弹塑性优化分析,改进了常规弹性分析方法的缺陷。算例分析表明,随着外荷载的不断增加,角桩首先达到极限荷载,对角桩超出极限荷载的部分进行重新分布,继而使得边桩逐渐达到极限承载状态,继续加载直至内桩也达到极限承载状态,从而引起桩筏基础的整体破坏。采用cut-off方法可以改进基础变刚度优化设计,使之与实际情况更为吻合。

不同桑树品种扦插生长情况及其生根能力评价

以10个桑树品种为研究对象,分析了ABT-1、IBA和IAA对桑树扦插的影响,并通过排队评分法和公式评分法对不同桑树品种扦插生根能力进行综合评价,结合聚类分析,以期筛选出易生根的优良品种,为实现桑树规模化扦插育苗提供理论参考。结果表明:整体上,不同激素处理提高了10个桑树品种的扦插成活率、新梢及根系指标,各指标在品种间、激素种类间及其互作间存在着显著或极显著差异。在不同激素处理下,新剑持的平均成活率和平均根数都最大,分别为78.00%和9.35根;足83122的平均新梢长、平均新梢质量和平均根直径都最大,分别为54.08 cm、31.35 g和1.47 mm;保坎的平均根质量最大,为17.36 g;双头荷叶白的平均根总长最大,为2385.46 cm。相关分析表明:成活率与根数呈显著正相关;新梢性状与根系性状总体呈极显著正相关关系。10个品种综合得分从高到低排序为:足83122、新剑持、双头荷叶白、伊达寿木桑、保坎、60178、沱桑、火桑、山西甜桑、葵桑。聚类分析将10个品种聚为易生根型、较易生根型和难生根型3类。足81322和新剑持在不同激素处理下平均成活率较高,且各扦插生长指标均表现良好,可作为桑树规模化扦插育苗的优选品种。

基于明挖顺筑法的地铁车站主体结构施工方法

本研究探讨了基于明挖顺筑法的施工技术在某地铁车站深基坑主体结构中的应用。首先详细介绍了明挖顺筑法的施工流程,并针对施工中的挑战,设计了3种支护体系方案。使用有限元分析法构建了深基坑模型,并模拟了各支护方案在地表沉降、结构变形和支护体系受力3项指标上的表现。结果表明,采用双排钢支撑与混凝土剪力墙相结合的复合支护体系效果最佳,并将其应用于实际施工中。在试验段内布置了监测设备,实测数据复合支护与模拟结果接近,施工过程符合设计要求,确保了施工的安全与稳定。

特厚软煤层快速掘进工艺研究

针对梨园河矿特厚软煤巷道掘进速度慢、采掘接替紧张等突出问题,分析了影响巷道掘进速率的主控因素。通过采用顶板超前预支护结构,解决了掘进过程中松软顶板空顶时间长的问题;提出了悬臂掘进机斜坡式分部割煤法,有效防止了割煤过程中顶煤受扰动导致大面积漏冒现象;同时,优化了掘支施工工艺,采用多工序交叉平行作业,大幅提升了掘进单循环效率。实践表明:巷道月平均进尺由69 m提高到139 m,掘进速率提高了102%,巷道顶底板最大移近量160 mm,两帮最大移近量79 mm,满足安全生产需求。本研究成功解决了特厚软煤巷道漏顶问题,为特厚软煤层巷道安全快速掘进积累了实践经验。