From Psammosilene tunicoides W. C. Wu et C. Y Wu, two cyclic octapeptides (namedpsammosilenins A and B) were isolated. Their structures were determined as cyclo(-Pro1-phe1-Pro2-Phe2-Phe3-Ala-Pro3-Leu-) and cyclo(-Pro...From Psammosilene tunicoides W. C. Wu et C. Y Wu, two cyclic octapeptides (namedpsammosilenins A and B) were isolated. Their structures were determined as cyclo(-Pro1-phe1-Pro2-Phe2-Phe3-Ala-Pro3-Leu-) and cyclo(-Pro1-Gly-Phe1-Val-Pro2-Phe2-Thr-Ile) by spectroscopicmethods.展开更多
A general method was described to synthesize a highly hydrophobic cyclic peptide,cyclo[LWLWLWLWLQ]where underlines indicate D-configuration of the amino acid,by a two-step solid-phase/solution synthesis strategy.The l...A general method was described to synthesize a highly hydrophobic cyclic peptide,cyclo[LWLWLWLWLQ]where underlines indicate D-configuration of the amino acid,by a two-step solid-phase/solution synthesis strategy.The linear decapeptide was assembled by standard Boc chemistry on solid-phase and subsequently cyclized in solution with high efficiency and reproducibility. In subsequent purification by semi-preparative HPLC,50%(v/v) DMF/H_2O was employed as the solvent to overcome the difficulty of solubilization...展开更多
Peptide-based therapeutics are increasingly pushing to the forefront of biomedicine with their promise of high specificity and low toxicity.Although noncanonical residues can always be used,employing only the natural ...Peptide-based therapeutics are increasingly pushing to the forefront of biomedicine with their promise of high specificity and low toxicity.Although noncanonical residues can always be used,employing only the natural 20 residues restricts the chemical space to a finite dimension allowing for comprehensive in silico screening.Towards this goal,the dataset comprising all possible di-,tri-,and tetra-peptide combinations of the canonical residues has been previously reported.However,with increasing computational power,the comprehensive set of pentapeptides is now also feasible for screening as the comprehensive set of cyclic peptides comprising four or five residues.Here,we provide both the complete and prefiltered libraries of all di-,tri-,tetra-,and penta-peptide sequences from 20 canonical amino acids and their homodetic(N-to-C-terminal)cyclic homologues.The FASTA,simplified molecular-input line-entry system(SMILES),and structure-data file(SDF)-three dimension(3D)libraries can be readily used for screening against protein targets.We also provide a simple method and tool for conducting identity-based filtering.Access to this dataset will accelerate small peptide screening workflows and encourage their use in drug discovery campaigns.As a case study,the developed library was screened against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)main protease to identify potential small peptide inhibitors.展开更多
The interaction between HIV-1 DNA and five cyclic peptides (CP1-CP5) was investigated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). It revealed that CP1 [c(Ala-Tyr-Leu-Ala-Gly)] and CP4 [c(Pro-D-Tyr...The interaction between HIV-1 DNA and five cyclic peptides (CP1-CP5) was investigated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). It revealed that CP1 [c(Ala-Tyr-Leu-Ala-Gly)] and CP4 [c(Pro-D-Tyr-Leu-D-Ala-Gly)] have the higher binding affinity with the duplex DNA among the five cyclic peptides.展开更多
Using Au6 cluster and cyclooctaglycine model for gold nanoparticle(AuNP) and cyclic peptide(CP), twelve configurations for the functionalization of cyclic peptide-gold nanoparticle(CPAuNP) with gemcitabine(GEM) antica...Using Au6 cluster and cyclooctaglycine model for gold nanoparticle(AuNP) and cyclic peptide(CP), twelve configurations for the functionalization of cyclic peptide-gold nanoparticle(CPAuNP) with gemcitabine(GEM) anticancer drug were investigated(CPAuNP/GEM1-12). Structural and electronic properties have been studied in gas phase and aqueous solution at M06-2 X/6-31 g(d,p). The energetic stability of CPAuNP/GEM1-12 was confirmed by the calculation of binding energies. Since the solubility of drug, CP and AuNP increases in CPAuNP/GEM1-12, cyclic peptide-gold nanoparticle could be used as an appropriate drug delivery system. Quantum molecular descriptors such as electrophilicity power and global hardness demonstrated that the reactivity of CP and GEM drug increases in CPAuNP/GEM1-12 configurations. The AIM analysis for CPAuNP/GEM1-12 indicated that the Au-L(L = H, O, F, C, N) interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonds play important roles in this drug delivery system. All Au-Au and some of Au-L interactions are related to medium interactions. The most stable configurations are those in which GEM drug is parallel to the CPAuNP and interacts simultaneously with AuNP and CP.展开更多
Background and objective Metastasis is one of the most important causes of mortality in tumor. The pathological process of metastasis includes several sequential steps as
A highly hydrophobic cyclic peptide GG-110824,cyclo(Gly-Leu-Val-Leu-LeuVal-Pro-Ile-Gly-Leu)(C49H86N10O10),has been synthesized by a strategy combined with solid-phase synthesis(SPPS) of linear peptide and cycliz...A highly hydrophobic cyclic peptide GG-110824,cyclo(Gly-Leu-Val-Leu-LeuVal-Pro-Ile-Gly-Leu)(C49H86N10O10),has been synthesized by a strategy combined with solid-phase synthesis(SPPS) of linear peptide and cyclization in solution.The structure including the absolute configuration of synthesized GG-110824 was confirmed by CuK radiation X-ray crystallography in the monoclinic system,space group P21 with a = 11.4966(10),b = 18.5286(2),c = 13.3943(10),= 95.03o,V = 2842.20(4)3,F(000) = 1080 and Z = 2.展开更多
Compared to their linear counterparts,cyclic peptides show better biological activities,such as antibacterial,immunosuppressive,and anti-tumor activities,and pharmaceutical properties due to their conformational rigid...Compared to their linear counterparts,cyclic peptides show better biological activities,such as antibacterial,immunosuppressive,and anti-tumor activities,and pharmaceutical properties due to their conformational rigidity.However,cyclic peptides could form numerous putative metabolites from potential hydrolytic cleavages and their fragments are very difficult to interpret.These characteristics pose a great challenge when analyzing metabolites of cyclic peptides by mass spectrometry.This study was to assess and apply a software-aided analytical workflow for the detection and structural characterization of cyclic peptide metabolites.Insulin and atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP)as model cyclic peptides were incubated with trypsin/chymotrypsin and/or rat liver S9,followed by data acquisition using TripleTOF?5600.Resultant full-scan MS and MS/MS datasets were automatically processed through a combination of targeted and untargeted peak finding strategies.MS/MS spectra of predicted metabolites were interrogated against putative metabolite sequences,in light of a,b,y and internal fragment series.The resulting fragment assignments led to the confirmation and ranking of the metabolite sequences and identification of metabolic modification.As a result,29 metabolites with linear or cyclic structures were detected in the insulin incubation with the hydrolytic enzymes.Sequences of twenty insulin metabolites were further determined,which were consistent with the hydrolytic sites of these enzymes.In the same manner,multiple metabolites of insulin and ANP formed in rat liver S9 incubation were detected and structurally characterized,some of which have not been previously reported.The results demonstrated the utility of software-aided data processing tool in detection and identification of cyclic peptide metabolites.展开更多
We report here the synthesis of cyclic peptides using benzotriazolyloxy-bis(pyrrolidino)-carbonium hexafluoro- phosphate(BBC)as a coupling reagent with high yield and speed even in low concentration compared with the ...We report here the synthesis of cyclic peptides using benzotriazolyloxy-bis(pyrrolidino)-carbonium hexafluoro- phosphate(BBC)as a coupling reagent with high yield and speed even in low concentration compared with the other usual coupling reagents.展开更多
The Antarctic fungus Cadophora malorum produces previously undescribed cyclic heptapeptides(cadophorin A and B)containing an anthranilic acid residue.The planar structure of these peptides was determined by high-resol...The Antarctic fungus Cadophora malorum produces previously undescribed cyclic heptapeptides(cadophorin A and B)containing an anthranilic acid residue.The planar structure of these peptides was determined by high-resolution mass spectrometry combined with extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.The absolute configuration of the amino acids was determined by Marfey’s method,with HPLC analysis of FDVA(Nα-(2,4-dinitro-5-fluorphenyl)-l-valinamide)derivatives making use of a PFP column.Remarkably,cadophorin 2 possesses both the uncommon d-Ile and d-allo-Ile in its structure.The peptides have metal binding properties as shown by LCMS with post column addition of metal salt solutions.These results were supported by DFT calculations.展开更多
This paper reports the determination of stability constants for complexes of Cd(Ⅱ)with Gly, Ala,Val,Asp,Gly—Asp,Asp Gly,Gly—Gly and Gly—Gly—Gly using both micro—pH—metric titra- tions and the application of con...This paper reports the determination of stability constants for complexes of Cd(Ⅱ)with Gly, Ala,Val,Asp,Gly—Asp,Asp Gly,Gly—Gly and Gly—Gly—Gly using both micro—pH—metric titra- tions and the application of convolution—deconvolution cyclic voltammetry at 25℃ and I=0.10 mol· dm^(-3)(KNO_3).Stability constants were calculated from pH—metric data using the SUPERQUAD com- puter program and cyclic voltammograms were collected,stored and manipulated using the EG and G CONDECON 300 software.A considerably larger ligand:metal ratio(e,g.50:1)was possible using voltammetry.Evaluation of results from the two techniques suggests that stability constants for the species[CdL_2]and[CdL_3]are reliable when calculated fromvoltammetry while those for[CdL]are more reliable when determined by pH-metric titration.展开更多
AIM: To systematically investigate if cGMP/cGMP- dependent protein kinase G (PKG) signaling pathway may participate in dendroaspis natriuretic peptide (DNP)-induced relaxation of gastric circular smooth muscle. METHOD...AIM: To systematically investigate if cGMP/cGMP- dependent protein kinase G (PKG) signaling pathway may participate in dendroaspis natriuretic peptide (DNP)-induced relaxation of gastric circular smooth muscle. METHODS: The content of cGMP in guinea pig gastric antral smooth muscle tissue and perfusion solution were measured using radioimmunoassay; spontaneous contraction of gastric antral circular muscles recorded using a 4-channel physiograph; and Ca2+-activated K+ currents (IK(Ca)) and spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) in isolated gastric antral myocytes were recorded using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. RESULTS: DNP markedly enhanced cGMP levels in gastric antral smooth muscle tissue and in the perfusion medium. DNP induced relaxation in gastricantral circular smooth muscle, which was inhibited by KT5823, a cGMP-dependent PKG inhibitor. DNP increased IK(Ca). This effect was almost completely blocked by KT5823, and partially blocked by LY83583, an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase to change the production of cGMP. DNP also increased STOCs. The effect of DNP on STOCs was abolished in the presence of KT5823, but not affected by KT-5720, a PKA-specific inhibitor. CONCLUSION: DNP activates IK(Ca) and relaxes guinea-pig gastric antral circular smooth muscle via the cGMP/PKG-dependent singling axis instead of cAMP/ PKA pathway.展开更多
Objective:A natural cyclic peptide previously isolated from Citrus medica was synthesized by coupling of tetrapep-tide units Boc-Leu-Pro-Trp-Leu-OMe and Boc-Ile-Ala-Ala-Gly-OMe after proper deprotection at carboxyl an...Objective:A natural cyclic peptide previously isolated from Citrus medica was synthesized by coupling of tetrapep-tide units Boc-Leu-Pro-Trp-Leu-OMe and Boc-Ile-Ala-Ala-Gly-OMe after proper deprotection at carboxyl and amino terminals followed by cyclization of linear octapeptide segment. Methods:Solution phase technique was adopted for the synthesis of cyclooctapeptide-sarcodactylamide. Required tetrapeptide units were prepared by coupling of Boc-protected dipeptides viz. Boc-Leu-Pro-OH and Boc-Ile-Ala-OH with respective dipeptide methyl esters Trp-Leu-OMe and Ala-Gly-OMe. Cyclization of linear octapeptide unit was done by p-nitrophenyl ester method. The structure of synthesized cyclopolypeptide was elucidated by FTIR,1H NMR,13C NMR,FABMS spectral data and elemental analysis. The newly synthesized peptide was evaluated for dif-ferent pharmacological activities including antimicrobial,anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities. Results:Synthesis of sarcodac-tylamide was accomplished with >78% yield utilizing dicyclohexylcarbodiimide(DCC) as coupling agent. Newly synthesized peptide possessed potent cytotoxic activity against Dalton's lymphoma ascites(DLA) and Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma(EAC) cell lines,in addition to moderate anthelmintic activity against earthworms Megascoplex konkanensis,Pontoscotex corethruses and Eudrilus sp. Moreover,cyclopolypeptide displayed good antimicrobial activity against pathogenic fungi Candida albicans and Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa,in comparison to standard drugs griseofulvin and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion:Solution phase technique employing DCC and triethylamine(TEA) as base proved to be effective for the synthesis of natural cyclooctapeptide. N-methyl morpholine(NMM) was found to be a better base for the cyclization of linear octapeptide unit in comparison to TEA and pyridine.展开更多
Introduction Peptides made up of alternating L- and D- amino acids can form β-helices as in gramicidin A or cyclic peptides that aggregate to form tubes In both cases the structures are hollow with all the side chai...Introduction Peptides made up of alternating L- and D- amino acids can form β-helices as in gramicidin A or cyclic peptides that aggregate to form tubes In both cases the structures are hollow with all the side chains projecting outwards. Kennedy et al. postulated that. peptides having the (LLLD)n configuration could form helices with every fourth side chain projecting inward. It is a fact that synthetic N-formyl- (LeuSerLeuGly) 6- OH, when added to a lipid bilayer, dimerizes, to form ion channels having conductances greater than that of gramicidin.展开更多
Stylopeptide 1 synthesized and isolated from different sources exhibits a large activity difference in inhibitory effect on the growth of a cancer cell.Based on the different amounts of methanol and water during synth...Stylopeptide 1 synthesized and isolated from different sources exhibits a large activity difference in inhibitory effect on the growth of a cancer cell.Based on the different amounts of methanol and water during synthesis,isolation and purification of the cyclic peptides,molecular dynamics(MD) was employed to simulate the conformation of stylopeptide 1 in methanol and aqueous environments.The comparative results show that the backbone ring was more rigid in methanol than in water.In methanol,two β-turns and three hydrogen bonds were well conserved throughout the simulation,whereas no hydrogen bonds or turns were preserved in water.The activity difference of stylopeptide 1 seemed to be attributed to the solvent effect on its conformation.展开更多
文摘From Psammosilene tunicoides W. C. Wu et C. Y Wu, two cyclic octapeptides (namedpsammosilenins A and B) were isolated. Their structures were determined as cyclo(-Pro1-phe1-Pro2-Phe2-Phe3-Ala-Pro3-Leu-) and cyclo(-Pro1-Gly-Phe1-Val-Pro2-Phe2-Thr-Ile) by spectroscopicmethods.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation(No.30672546)Shanghai Municipal Committee of S & T(No.0652nm013)National Key Basic Research Program of China(No.2007CB935800)
文摘A general method was described to synthesize a highly hydrophobic cyclic peptide,cyclo[LWLWLWLWLQ]where underlines indicate D-configuration of the amino acid,by a two-step solid-phase/solution synthesis strategy.The linear decapeptide was assembled by standard Boc chemistry on solid-phase and subsequently cyclized in solution with high efficiency and reproducibility. In subsequent purification by semi-preparative HPLC,50%(v/v) DMF/H_2O was employed as the solvent to overcome the difficulty of solubilization...
文摘Peptide-based therapeutics are increasingly pushing to the forefront of biomedicine with their promise of high specificity and low toxicity.Although noncanonical residues can always be used,employing only the natural 20 residues restricts the chemical space to a finite dimension allowing for comprehensive in silico screening.Towards this goal,the dataset comprising all possible di-,tri-,and tetra-peptide combinations of the canonical residues has been previously reported.However,with increasing computational power,the comprehensive set of pentapeptides is now also feasible for screening as the comprehensive set of cyclic peptides comprising four or five residues.Here,we provide both the complete and prefiltered libraries of all di-,tri-,tetra-,and penta-peptide sequences from 20 canonical amino acids and their homodetic(N-to-C-terminal)cyclic homologues.The FASTA,simplified molecular-input line-entry system(SMILES),and structure-data file(SDF)-three dimension(3D)libraries can be readily used for screening against protein targets.We also provide a simple method and tool for conducting identity-based filtering.Access to this dataset will accelerate small peptide screening workflows and encourage their use in drug discovery campaigns.As a case study,the developed library was screened against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)main protease to identify potential small peptide inhibitors.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(0072058)863 Foundation of China(2003AA624010)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(021732,2003A 3050401)a strategic grant at City University of Hong Kong(7000650)E.B.G.J.acknowledges the Royal Society,U.K.and City University of Hong Kong for the award of the Kan Tong Po Visiting Professorship.
基金Project supported by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education.
文摘The interaction between HIV-1 DNA and five cyclic peptides (CP1-CP5) was investigated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). It revealed that CP1 [c(Ala-Tyr-Leu-Ala-Gly)] and CP4 [c(Pro-D-Tyr-Leu-D-Ala-Gly)] have the higher binding affinity with the duplex DNA among the five cyclic peptides.
文摘Using Au6 cluster and cyclooctaglycine model for gold nanoparticle(AuNP) and cyclic peptide(CP), twelve configurations for the functionalization of cyclic peptide-gold nanoparticle(CPAuNP) with gemcitabine(GEM) anticancer drug were investigated(CPAuNP/GEM1-12). Structural and electronic properties have been studied in gas phase and aqueous solution at M06-2 X/6-31 g(d,p). The energetic stability of CPAuNP/GEM1-12 was confirmed by the calculation of binding energies. Since the solubility of drug, CP and AuNP increases in CPAuNP/GEM1-12, cyclic peptide-gold nanoparticle could be used as an appropriate drug delivery system. Quantum molecular descriptors such as electrophilicity power and global hardness demonstrated that the reactivity of CP and GEM drug increases in CPAuNP/GEM1-12 configurations. The AIM analysis for CPAuNP/GEM1-12 indicated that the Au-L(L = H, O, F, C, N) interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonds play important roles in this drug delivery system. All Au-Au and some of Au-L interactions are related to medium interactions. The most stable configurations are those in which GEM drug is parallel to the CPAuNP and interacts simultaneously with AuNP and CP.
基金supported partially by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Y2005D14)Science and Technology Program of Yantai City (2008152)the Scientic Research Foundation from Education Ministry for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars and the Scientic Research Foundation of Ludong University
文摘Background and objective Metastasis is one of the most important causes of mortality in tumor. The pathological process of metastasis includes several sequential steps as
基金supported by Doctoral Grant from Education Ministry of China(20100071110047)
文摘A highly hydrophobic cyclic peptide GG-110824,cyclo(Gly-Leu-Val-Leu-LeuVal-Pro-Ile-Gly-Leu)(C49H86N10O10),has been synthesized by a strategy combined with solid-phase synthesis(SPPS) of linear peptide and cyclization in solution.The structure including the absolute configuration of synthesized GG-110824 was confirmed by CuK radiation X-ray crystallography in the monoclinic system,space group P21 with a = 11.4966(10),b = 18.5286(2),c = 13.3943(10),= 95.03o,V = 2842.20(4)3,F(000) = 1080 and Z = 2.
文摘Compared to their linear counterparts,cyclic peptides show better biological activities,such as antibacterial,immunosuppressive,and anti-tumor activities,and pharmaceutical properties due to their conformational rigidity.However,cyclic peptides could form numerous putative metabolites from potential hydrolytic cleavages and their fragments are very difficult to interpret.These characteristics pose a great challenge when analyzing metabolites of cyclic peptides by mass spectrometry.This study was to assess and apply a software-aided analytical workflow for the detection and structural characterization of cyclic peptide metabolites.Insulin and atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP)as model cyclic peptides were incubated with trypsin/chymotrypsin and/or rat liver S9,followed by data acquisition using TripleTOF?5600.Resultant full-scan MS and MS/MS datasets were automatically processed through a combination of targeted and untargeted peak finding strategies.MS/MS spectra of predicted metabolites were interrogated against putative metabolite sequences,in light of a,b,y and internal fragment series.The resulting fragment assignments led to the confirmation and ranking of the metabolite sequences and identification of metabolic modification.As a result,29 metabolites with linear or cyclic structures were detected in the insulin incubation with the hydrolytic enzymes.Sequences of twenty insulin metabolites were further determined,which were consistent with the hydrolytic sites of these enzymes.In the same manner,multiple metabolites of insulin and ANP formed in rat liver S9 incubation were detected and structurally characterized,some of which have not been previously reported.The results demonstrated the utility of software-aided data processing tool in detection and identification of cyclic peptide metabolites.
基金This work was supported by State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural products Chemistry.
文摘We report here the synthesis of cyclic peptides using benzotriazolyloxy-bis(pyrrolidino)-carbonium hexafluoro- phosphate(BBC)as a coupling reagent with high yield and speed even in low concentration compared with the other usual coupling reagents.
基金Universidad de Buenos Aires[UBACYT 2018-100246,PDE-48-2020],CONICET[PIP 11220200101898]and ANPCyT[PICT 2018-0930,PICT E 2018-0031]for partial financial support.
文摘The Antarctic fungus Cadophora malorum produces previously undescribed cyclic heptapeptides(cadophorin A and B)containing an anthranilic acid residue.The planar structure of these peptides was determined by high-resolution mass spectrometry combined with extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.The absolute configuration of the amino acids was determined by Marfey’s method,with HPLC analysis of FDVA(Nα-(2,4-dinitro-5-fluorphenyl)-l-valinamide)derivatives making use of a PFP column.Remarkably,cadophorin 2 possesses both the uncommon d-Ile and d-allo-Ile in its structure.The peptides have metal binding properties as shown by LCMS with post column addition of metal salt solutions.These results were supported by DFT calculations.
文摘This paper reports the determination of stability constants for complexes of Cd(Ⅱ)with Gly, Ala,Val,Asp,Gly—Asp,Asp Gly,Gly—Gly and Gly—Gly—Gly using both micro—pH—metric titra- tions and the application of convolution—deconvolution cyclic voltammetry at 25℃ and I=0.10 mol· dm^(-3)(KNO_3).Stability constants were calculated from pH—metric data using the SUPERQUAD com- puter program and cyclic voltammograms were collected,stored and manipulated using the EG and G CONDECON 300 software.A considerably larger ligand:metal ratio(e,g.50:1)was possible using voltammetry.Evaluation of results from the two techniques suggests that stability constants for the species[CdL_2]and[CdL_3]are reliable when calculated fromvoltammetry while those for[CdL]are more reliable when determined by pH-metric titration.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30800382the Youth Science Foundation of Dalian to Professor Hui-Shu Guo, No. 2006B3NS218
文摘AIM: To systematically investigate if cGMP/cGMP- dependent protein kinase G (PKG) signaling pathway may participate in dendroaspis natriuretic peptide (DNP)-induced relaxation of gastric circular smooth muscle. METHODS: The content of cGMP in guinea pig gastric antral smooth muscle tissue and perfusion solution were measured using radioimmunoassay; spontaneous contraction of gastric antral circular muscles recorded using a 4-channel physiograph; and Ca2+-activated K+ currents (IK(Ca)) and spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) in isolated gastric antral myocytes were recorded using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. RESULTS: DNP markedly enhanced cGMP levels in gastric antral smooth muscle tissue and in the perfusion medium. DNP induced relaxation in gastricantral circular smooth muscle, which was inhibited by KT5823, a cGMP-dependent PKG inhibitor. DNP increased IK(Ca). This effect was almost completely blocked by KT5823, and partially blocked by LY83583, an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase to change the production of cGMP. DNP also increased STOCs. The effect of DNP on STOCs was abolished in the presence of KT5823, but not affected by KT-5720, a PKA-specific inhibitor. CONCLUSION: DNP activates IK(Ca) and relaxes guinea-pig gastric antral circular smooth muscle via the cGMP/PKG-dependent singling axis instead of cAMP/ PKA pathway.
文摘Objective:A natural cyclic peptide previously isolated from Citrus medica was synthesized by coupling of tetrapep-tide units Boc-Leu-Pro-Trp-Leu-OMe and Boc-Ile-Ala-Ala-Gly-OMe after proper deprotection at carboxyl and amino terminals followed by cyclization of linear octapeptide segment. Methods:Solution phase technique was adopted for the synthesis of cyclooctapeptide-sarcodactylamide. Required tetrapeptide units were prepared by coupling of Boc-protected dipeptides viz. Boc-Leu-Pro-OH and Boc-Ile-Ala-OH with respective dipeptide methyl esters Trp-Leu-OMe and Ala-Gly-OMe. Cyclization of linear octapeptide unit was done by p-nitrophenyl ester method. The structure of synthesized cyclopolypeptide was elucidated by FTIR,1H NMR,13C NMR,FABMS spectral data and elemental analysis. The newly synthesized peptide was evaluated for dif-ferent pharmacological activities including antimicrobial,anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities. Results:Synthesis of sarcodac-tylamide was accomplished with >78% yield utilizing dicyclohexylcarbodiimide(DCC) as coupling agent. Newly synthesized peptide possessed potent cytotoxic activity against Dalton's lymphoma ascites(DLA) and Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma(EAC) cell lines,in addition to moderate anthelmintic activity against earthworms Megascoplex konkanensis,Pontoscotex corethruses and Eudrilus sp. Moreover,cyclopolypeptide displayed good antimicrobial activity against pathogenic fungi Candida albicans and Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa,in comparison to standard drugs griseofulvin and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion:Solution phase technique employing DCC and triethylamine(TEA) as base proved to be effective for the synthesis of natural cyclooctapeptide. N-methyl morpholine(NMM) was found to be a better base for the cyclization of linear octapeptide unit in comparison to TEA and pyridine.
文摘Introduction Peptides made up of alternating L- and D- amino acids can form β-helices as in gramicidin A or cyclic peptides that aggregate to form tubes In both cases the structures are hollow with all the side chains projecting outwards. Kennedy et al. postulated that. peptides having the (LLLD)n configuration could form helices with every fourth side chain projecting inward. It is a fact that synthetic N-formyl- (LeuSerLeuGly) 6- OH, when added to a lipid bilayer, dimerizes, to form ion channels having conductances greater than that of gramicidin.
基金Supported by Teaching and Research Award Program for Outstanding Young Teachers in High Education Institutions of Ministry of Education,China(No.NCET-05-0279)Liaoning Science and Technology Foundation,China(No.2005226008)
文摘Stylopeptide 1 synthesized and isolated from different sources exhibits a large activity difference in inhibitory effect on the growth of a cancer cell.Based on the different amounts of methanol and water during synthesis,isolation and purification of the cyclic peptides,molecular dynamics(MD) was employed to simulate the conformation of stylopeptide 1 in methanol and aqueous environments.The comparative results show that the backbone ring was more rigid in methanol than in water.In methanol,two β-turns and three hydrogen bonds were well conserved throughout the simulation,whereas no hydrogen bonds or turns were preserved in water.The activity difference of stylopeptide 1 seemed to be attributed to the solvent effect on its conformation.