Phenotypic Characterization and QTL/Gene Identification for Internode Number and Length Related Traits in Maize

Internode number and length are the foundation to constitute plant height, ear height and the above-ground spatial structure of maize plant. In this study, segregating populations were constructed between EHel with extremely low ear height and B73. Through the SNP-based genotyping and phenotypic characterization, 13 QTL distributed on the chromosomes (Chrs) of Chr1, Chr2, Chr5-Chr8 were detected for four traits of internode no. above ear (INa), average internode length above ear (ILaa), internode no. below ear (INb), and average internode length below ear (ILab). Phenotypic variation explained (PVE) by a single QTL ranged from 6.82% (qILab2-2) to 12.99% (qILaa5). Zm00001d016823 within the physical region of qILaa5, the major QTL for ILaa with the largest PVE was determined as the candidate through the genomic annotation and sequence alignment between EHel and B73. Product of Zm00001d016823 was annotated as a WEB family protein homogenous to At1g75720. qRT-PCR assay showed that Zm00001d016823 highly expressed within the tissue of internode, exhibiting statistically higher expression levels among internodes of IN4 to IN7 in EHel than those in B73 (P Zm00001d016823 might provide novel insight into molecular mechanism beyond phytohormones controlling internode development in maize.

Genome-wide association with transcriptomics reveals a shade-tolerance gene network in soybean

Shade tolerance is essential for soybeans in inter/relay cropping systems.A genome-wide association study(GWAS)integrated with transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify genes and construct a genetic network governing the trait in a set of recombinant inbred lines derived from two soybean parents with contrasting shade tolerance.An improved GWAS procedure,restricted two-stage multi-locus genome-wide association study based on gene/allele sequence markers(GASM-RTM-GWAS),identified 140 genes and their alleles associated with shade-tolerance index(STI),146 with relative pith cell length(RCL),and nine with both.Annotation of these genes by biological categories allowed the construction of a protein–protein interaction network by 187 genes,of which half were differentially expressed under shading and non-shading conditions as well as at different growth stages.From the identified genes,three ones jointly identified for both traits by both GWAS and transcriptome and two genes with maximum links were chosen as beginners for entrance into the network.Altogether,both STI and RCL gene systems worked for shade-tolerance with genes interacted each other,this confirmed that shadetolerance is regulated by more than single group of interacted genes,involving multiple biological functions as a gene network.

Role of Helicobacter pylori virulence factor cytotoxin-associated gene A in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection might initiate and contribute to the progression of lymphoma from gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT).Increasing evidence shows that eradication of H.pylori with antibiotic therapy can lead to regression of gastric MALT lymphoma and can result in a 10-year sustained remission.The eradication of H.pylori is the standard care for patients with gastric MALT lymphoma.Cytotoxin-associated gene A(CagA)protein,one of the most extensively studied H.pylori virulence factors,is strongly associated with the gastric MALT lymphoma.CagA possesses polymorphisms according to its C-terminal structure and displays different functions among areas and races.After being translocated into B lymphocytes via typeⅣsecretion system,CagA deregulates intracellular signaling pathways in both tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent and-independent manners and/or some other pathways,and thereby promotes lymphomagenesis.A variety of proteins including p53and protein tyrosine phosphatases-2 are involved in the malignant transformation induced by CagA.Mucosal inflammation is the foundational mechanism underlying the occurrence and development of gastric MALT lymphoma.

辣椒EIL基因家族的鉴定及其在盐碱胁迫下的表达分析

EIL(Ethylene-insensitive 3-like)基因在参与植物乙烯信号通路的转导和生长发育过程中发挥着重要作用。为了解辣椒EIL基因家族成员信息,利用生物信息学手段对辣椒EIL基因家族成员的理化性质、蛋白质结构、系统进化、基因结构、保守域、启动子顺式作用元件及CaEILs基因在不同组织部位和不同非生物胁迫条件下的表达模式进行分析。同时使用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)对辣椒叶片中CaEILs在盐碱胁迫下的表达模式进行研究。结果表明,辣椒9个CaEILs分布在6条染色体上,氨基酸数目、蛋白质理论分子质量和脂肪系数分别介于209~677、23.77~76.07 ku和63.10~87.75,且主要为酸性、亲水的不稳定性核蛋白。系统进化分析显示,CaEILs被分成了4个亚家组,9个CaEILs在根、茎、叶、花蕾、花中具有不同程度的表达,而低温、高温、高盐、干旱胁迫下均能诱导CaEILs的表达,其对以上非生物胁迫均具有不同程度的响应。此外,利用qRT-PCR对盐碱胁迫下辣椒叶片中CaEILs进行了检测,结果发现,随着处理时间的延长,CaEIL1、CaEIL2、CaEIL4、CaEIL5、CaEIL8的表达量整体呈上升趋势,而CaEIL3、CaEIL6、CaEIL7、CaEIL9的表达量整体呈下降趋势。

Molecular cloning and functional analysis of the pepper resistance gene Me3 to root-knot nematode

Root-knot nematodes(RKNs)cause severe diseases in peppers annually around the world.In pepper,the Me3 gene provides a heat-stable and broad-spectrum resistance to RKNs.In this study,several simple sequence repeat(SSR)markers and insertion/deletion(In Del)markers were developed to fine map the Me3 gene.Analysis of 2272 individuals(F2progenies)revealed that Me3 was located in a 45-kb DNA region between markers SSR784 and SSR339,in which there were three candidate genes.Among them,as a novel nucleotide binding site and leucine rich repeat(NBS-LRR)family gene,the DNA sequence of Capana09g000163 of pepper line‘HDA149’was 6348 bp in length,with a 2802-bp open reading frame encoding 933 amino acids,including NB-ARC and LRR domains.Tobacco transient expression assays demonstrated that expression of Capana09g000163 triggered a hypersensitive response(HR)in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves.Subcellular localization results showed that the Capana09g000163 protein was localized in the cell nucleus.Ectopic expression of Capana09g000163 in Arabidopsis significantly increased resistance against Meloidogyne incognita compared with the wild-type(WT)Arabidopsis.Furthermore,M.incognita was almost unable to develop in transgenic Arabidopsis expressing Capana09g000163.Taken together,we cloned the Me3 gene and verified that it induced resistance against M.incognita with the methods of map-based cloning and transgenic technology,which may be of great significance to pepper breeding for resistance against RKNs.

Genome-wide association study reveals candidate genes for gummy stem blight resistance in cucumber

Gummy stem blight(GSB),caused by Didymella bryoniae,is a serious fungal disease that leads to decline in cucumber yield and quality.The molecular mechanism of GSB resistance in cucumber remains unclear.Here,we investigated the GSB resistance of cucumber core germplasms from four geographic groups at the seedling and adult stages.A total of 9 SNPs related to GSB resistance at the seedling stage and 26 SNPs at the adult stage were identified,of which some are co-localized to previously mapped Quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for GSB resistance(gsb3.2/gsb3.3,gsb5.1,and gsb-s6.2).Based on haplotype analysis and expression levels after inoculation,four candidate genes were identified within the region identified by both Genome-wide association study(GWAS)and previous identified QTL mapping,including Csa3G129470 for gsb3.2/gsb3.3,Csa5G606820 and Csa5G606850 for gsb5.1,and Csa6G079730 for gsb-s6.2.The novel GSB resistant accessions,significant SNPs,and candidate genes facilitate the breeding of GSB resistant cucumber cultivars and provide a novel idea for understanding GSB resistance mechanism in cucumber.

A cluster of mutagenesis revealed an osmotic regulatory role of the OsPIP1 genes in enhancing rice salt tolerance

Aquaporins play important regulatory roles in improving plant abiotic stress tolerance.To better understand whether the Os PIP1 genes collectively dominate the osmotic regulation in rice under salt stress,a cluster editing of the Os PIP1;1,Os PIP1;2 and Os PIP1;3 genes in rice was performed by CRISPR/Cas9 system.Sequencing showed that two mutants with Cas9-free,line 14 and line 18 were successfully edited.Briefly,line 14 deleted a single C base in both the Os PIP1;1 and Os PIP1;3 genes,and inserted a single T base in the Os PIP1;2 gene,respectively.While line 18 demonstrated an insertion of a single A base in the Os PIP1;1gene and a single T base in both the Os PIP1;2 and Os PIP1;3 genes,respectively.Multiplex editing of the Os PIP1 genes significantly inhibited photosynthetic rate and accumulation of compatible metabolites,but increased MDA contents and osmotic potentials in the mutants,thus delaying rice growth under salt stress.Functional loss of the Os PIP1 genes obviously suppressed the expressions of the Os PIP1,Os SOS1,Os CIPK24 and Os CBL4 genes,and increased the influxes of Na+and effluxes of K^(+)/H^(+)in the roots,thus accumulating more Na+in rice mutants under salt stress.This study suggests that the Os PIP1 genes are essential modulators collectively contributing to the enhancement of rice salt stress tolerance,and multiplex editing of the Os PIP1 genes provides insight into the osmotic regulation of the PIP genes.

基于QTL和转录组测序鉴定甘蓝型油菜耐旱候选基因

干旱胁迫严重限制了甘蓝型油菜种植面积的扩大和产量的提升。耐旱性是由多基因控制的复杂数量性状,将QTL定位与转录组测序相结合,是鉴定甘蓝型油菜耐旱候选基因的有效手段。本研究对甘蓝型油菜干旱敏感品系三六矮和耐旱品系科里纳-2构建的F2:6和F2:8重组自交系群体幼苗进行正常灌溉和干旱胁迫处理,测定地上部鲜重、地上部干重、叶片相对含水量、丙二醛和可溶性糖含量,利用SSR和SNP多态性分子标记构建遗传连锁图谱,鉴定耐旱相关QTL和候选区间,结合耐旱材料No11和干旱敏感材料No28的转录组测序,筛选耐旱相关候选基因。研究结果表明:干旱胁迫使甘蓝型油菜幼苗地上部鲜重、地上部干重和叶片相对含水量下降,使叶片丙二醛和可溶性糖含量上升;耐旱相关QTL和候选区间分布于A01、A02、A06、A08、A09、A10、C02、C03、C04、C06和C09染色体;对耐旱材料和干旱敏感材料正常灌溉、干旱24 h、36 h和48 h进行转录组分析,主要差异表达基因显著富集到光合作用、脂肪酸代谢、氨基酸代谢、植物激素信号转导、核糖体、昼夜节律及角质、木栓素和蜡质的生物合成等相关途径;将QTL与转录组测序相结合,鉴定到28个耐旱相关候选基因,主要编码FLC、bHLH105、TGA4、TEM1、ERF003、ACO3、CHLI1、LHCB6和PORC等,具有转录因子活性、乙烯产生和信号传导、叶绿素生物合成与结合、叶绿素氧化还原酶以及编码核糖体相关蛋白等功能。这些结果可为揭示甘蓝型油菜耐旱机理及分子标记辅助选育耐旱新品种奠定基础。

Detection of new candidate genes controlling seed weight by integrating gene coexpression analysis and QTL mapping in Brassica napus L.

Seed weight is a component of seed yield in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Although quantitative trait loci(QTL)for seed weight have been reported in rapeseed,only a few causal quantitative trait genes(QTGs)have been identified,resulting in a limitation in understanding of seed weight regulation.We constructed a gene coexpression network at the early seed developmental stage using transcripts of 20,408 genes in QTL intervals and 1017 rapeseed homologs of known genes from other species.Among the 10 modules in this gene coexpression network,modules 1 and 2 were core modules and contained genes involved in source–flow–sink processes such as synthesis and transportation of fatty acid and protein,and photosynthesis.A hub gene SERINE CARBOXYPEPTIDASE-LIKE 19(SCPL19)was identified by candidate gene association analysis in rapeseed and functionally investigated using Arabidopsis T-DNA mutant and overexpression lines.Our study demonstrates the power of gene coexpression analysis to prioritize candidate genes from large candidate QTG sets and enhances the understanding of molecular mechanism for seed weight at the early developmental stage in rapeseed.

掌叶大黄(RheumpalmatumL.)WRKY基因家族鉴定与分析

【目的】本研究为开展WRKY基因功能验证提供基础,进而为大黄药材品质形成的转录调控机制研究提供科学依据。【方法】基于掌叶大黄(R.palmatum L.)的全长转录组数据,通过生物信息学方法鉴定掌叶大黄WRKY基因家族成员,分析其蛋白理化性质、结构域、系统发育关系、蛋白互作,结合转录组数据进行不同组织和茉莉酸甲酯(methyl jasmonate,MeJA)处理的表达谱分析。【结果】掌叶大黄WRKY基因家族包含53个成员,编码蛋白氨基酸数量为192-748,均为亲水性蛋白,预测定位均在细胞核。掌叶大黄WRKY基因家族与拟南芥WRKY基因家族成员进化树可分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ3个亚族,其中Ⅱ亚族WRKY占比最高(58.49%)。转录组数据分析显示掌叶大黄WRKY基因家族成员在掌叶大黄根、根茎和叶中差异表达,其中7个基因在根和根茎中表达量较高,12个基因响应MeJA处理呈差异表达,其中10个被MeJA显著诱导,4个候选基因RpWRKY5/6/9/33的qPCR分析与其转录组结果基本一致。蛋白互作网络显示RpWRKY2/16/20/22/23与查尔酮合酶(chalconesynthase,CHS)发生相互作用。【结论】获得53个掌叶大黄WRKY基因、生物信息、组织及响应MeJA的表达特征,其中5个可能与大黄蒽醌类物质的合成有关。

马铃薯PYL5基因对非生物胁迫的响应分析及其启动子的活性鉴定

【目的】脱落酸(ABA)作为一种“应激激素”在植物生长发育和响应干旱、盐等非生物胁迫过程中发挥重要作用,PYR/PYL/RCARs(以下简称“PYL”)作为ABA受体在多种植物中也被广泛研究。基于对马铃薯StPYL5基因生物信息学及表达模式分析,并通过对其启动子活性鉴定,为进一步揭示马铃薯StPYL5功能及抗逆育种提供依据。【方法】根据转录组数据克隆得到StPYL5基因,通过DNAMAN、MEGA等软件分析了StPYL5的分子特征;通过qPCR检测了StPYL5基因的组织特异性及其对非生物胁迫的响应;利用PlantCARE网站对StPYL5基因启动子进行了分析,并通过瞬时转化烟草对其活性进行了鉴定。【结果】StPYL5基因全长534 bp,共编码177个氨基酸,蛋白质分子量20.19 ku,理论等电点(pI)为5.97。系统进化分析显示,StPYL5与SpPYL9-like亲缘关系较近。组织特异性分析结果显示,青薯9号(QS9)中StPYL5在根和叶中表达量较高,其次分别是茎和花,在块茎中表达量较低。不同胁迫下StPYL5表达量分析表明,青薯9号(QS9)中StPYL5在干旱、低温、盐和ABA胁迫下的表达量先升高后降低,且StPYL5的表达受Me JA和SA的诱导。此外,笔者成功克隆得到2 000 bp的StPYL5基因启动子。在烟草中的瞬时转化后的组织化学染色结果表明,StPYL5基因启动子具有成功启动下游GUS报告基因表达的启动子活性。【结论】全面分析了StPYL5基因的分子特征及其在多种非生物胁迫下的表达谱,并成功克隆到具有活性的pStPYL5启动子,该结果为深入研究StPYL5基因的功能以及马铃薯抗逆育种提供依据。

Identification and expression analysis of chlorogenic acid biosynthesis key gene PpHCT in peach

Shikimic acid/quinic acid hydroxy cinnamyl transferase(HCT)is one of the key enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway.However,the role of the HCT gene in chlorogenic acid(CGA)biosynthesis in peach fruit remains unclear.For this,we identified the accumulation pattern of CGA in four peach cultivars,cloned and characterized 11 PpHCT gene members,and further analyzed the expression patterns of these PpHCT genes during fruit development.The contents of CGAs in the four peach cultivars all exhibited a trend of increasing and then decreasing during the fruit growth and development.Moreover,the contents of CGAs in the peel and flesh were tissue-specific.Gene structure analysis indicated that the PpHCT genes were highly conserved,containing two exons and one intron.The protein structure analysis demonstrated that the PpHCT proteins contained two conserved motifs(HXXXD,DFGWG)and a transferase domain(PF02458),which belonged to the BAHD acyltransferase family.The cis-acting element analysis suggested that the promoters of PpHCT genes contained many light-related,hormone-related,stress-related,tissue-specific,and circadian-related elements,and they could participate in a variety of biological processes.Phylogenetic analysis showed that the HCT proteins of peach were closely related to the HCT proteins of plum and had a close evolutionary relationship.The qRT-PCR analysis indicated that the expression levels of PpHCT1 and PpHCT2 showed an opposite trend to the accumulation of CGA,whereas the expression levels of PpHCT4,PpHCT5,PpHCT7,PpHCT8,and PpHCT11 demonstrated the same trend as CGA accumulation.It was worth noting that only PpHCT4 and PpHCT5 were highly expressed in the two high-CGA cultivars but showed low levels of expression in the two low-CGA cultivars.Therefore,it was hypothesized that these two genes might be key genes to the synthesis of CGA in peach fruit.Those findings provide a theoretical basis for further study on the biological functions of the HCT gene and help to reveal the molecular mechanism of CGA.

黄瓜和南瓜Bcl-2相关抗凋亡家族全基因组鉴定与表达模式分析

【目的】分析Bcl-2相关抗凋亡(Bcl-2 associated athanogene,BAG)家族蛋白成员在黄瓜和南瓜中响应非生物胁迫以及在黄瓜/南瓜嫁接愈合过程中响应光照的表达模式,为解析黄瓜/南瓜嫁接苗嫁接愈合机理及黄瓜和南瓜等蔬菜的抗性分子育种提供有利基因。【方法】基于黄瓜和南瓜基因组信息,利用生物信息学手段,对黄瓜和南瓜中BAG基因家族进行鉴定,并对其理化特性、染色体定位、基因结构、系统发育和共线性进行了分析。基于公共数据库及黄瓜/南瓜嫁接苗在嫁接愈合过程中转录组测序数据,分析BAG基因在黄瓜和南瓜中响应非生物胁迫以及在嫁接愈合过程中响应光照的表达模式。【结果】在黄瓜和南瓜中分别鉴定到12和18个BAG家族基因,均分为2个亚族,基因成员保守性高,I亚家族的BAG主要参与基因调控和逆境响应,而II亚家族的BAG主要参与植物的发育过程。黄瓜和南瓜BAG基因分别与拟南芥、水稻、番茄存在多种线性关系,但CsaV3_1G017210与拟南芥、水稻、番茄和南瓜中的BAG基因均不存在线性关系。不同BAG基因具有组织特异性表达模式。CsaV3_6G000970和CmoCh08G008520(BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 6)在黄瓜和南瓜响应非生物胁迫以及黄瓜/南瓜嫁接苗嫁接愈合过程中均发生上调表达。【结论】BAG家族基因在黄瓜和南瓜对非生物胁迫的响应以及黄瓜/南瓜嫁接苗嫁接愈合过程中对光的响应中具有差异性,协同调控了黄瓜和南瓜的生长发育及嫁接愈合,在黄瓜和南瓜非生物胁迫以及黄瓜/南瓜嫁接苗嫁接愈合过程中发挥着重要作用。

强化厌氧表达dld基因以提高大肠杆菌工程菌发酵产L-乳酸的光学纯度

为去除廉价发酵原料中的D-乳酸从而提高发酵最终产物L-乳酸的光学纯度,该研究通过构建带有不同厌氧诱导启动子(pflBp6、pnirB、pflBp6-pnirB)的D-乳酸脱氢酶基因(dld)的表达质粒,并将其分别转入大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)HBUT-L,加强其在发酵产L-乳酸的同时消除外源D-乳酸的能力。通过装液量与转速的单因素试验筛选最优的质粒表达条件及菌株,并在无机盐培养基与玉米浆培养基中进行发酵验证。结果表明,在装液量为200 mL/250 mL、转速为150 r/min的条件下,含有启动子pflBp6-pnirB的表达质粒的工程菌株HBUT-L4发酵18 h时D-乳酸脱氢酶活力最高,为81.1 U/g。在此条件下进行无机盐培养基和玉米浆培养基发酵时,工程菌株HBUT-L4相对于出发菌株HBUT-L,D-乳酸消耗速率分别提高250%、217%,L-乳酸的光学纯度分别从96.32%、98.48%提升至99.95%、99.98%。在大肠杆菌工程菌发酵L-乳酸的过程中,带有厌氧诱导启动子pflBp6-pnirB的表达质粒可提高D-乳酸脱氢酶活力,强化菌株消除外源D-乳酸,进而提高L-乳酸的光学纯度的能力,具有重要的工业化应用价值。

Study of pathogenic genes in a pedigree with familial dilated cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)is a genetically heterogeneous cardiac disorder characterized by left ventricular dilation and contractile dysfunction.The substantial genetic heterogeneity evident in patients with DCM contributes to variable disease severity and complicates overall prognosis,which can be very poor.AIM To identify pathogenic genes in DCM through pedigree analysis.METHODS Our research team identified a patient with DCM in the clinic.Through invest-igation,we found that the family of this patient has a typical DCM pedigree.High-throughput sequencing technology,next-generation sequencing,was used to sequence the whole exomes of seven samples in the pedigree.RESULTS A novel and potentially pathogenic gene mutation-ANK2p.F3067L-was discovered.The mutation was completely consistent with the clinical information for this DCM pedigree.Sanger sequencing was used to further verify the locus of the mutation in pedigree samples.These results were consistent with those of high-throughput sequencing.CONCLUSIONS ANK2p.F3067L is considered a novel and potentially pathogenic gene mutation in DCM.

陆地棉4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶基因Gh4CL30的功能分析

【目的】研究4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶(4CL)家族基因Gh4CL30的生物学功能,为棉花株型育种提供理论依据和基因种质资源。【方法】利用病毒诱导的基因沉默技术和基因编辑技术获得Gh4CL30沉默和编辑植株,测定该基因抑制及敲除植株的黄酮和木质素含量,调查棉花田间表型性状、种子大小和纤维品质。【结果】Gh4CL30基因沉默和敲除植株中木质素合成相关基因表达量显著下降,4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶含量显著减少,茎秆中木质素含量显著降低,其株高、种子大小和纤维长度显著降低。【结论】Gh4CL30通过调控棉花木质素生物合成功能影响其生长发育。

甘蓝型油菜REVEILLE家族鉴定及诱导表达分析

【目的】REVEILLE家族基因具有重要生物学功能,而在甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)中该家族基因研究较少,深入认识甘蓝型油菜中RVE家族基因功能及其与非生物胁迫的关系。【方法】利用生物信息学方法,在甘蓝型油菜、白菜(Brassica rapa)和甘蓝(B.oleracea)中分别鉴定到33、16和16个RVE基因,并对其系统进化、染色体定位、基因结构和理化性质以及启动子顺式元件进行分析。【结果】所有的RVE蛋白被分为两个亚家族。33个BnaRVE分别定位在18条A亚基因组的染色体和15条C亚基因组的染色体上。大部分成员属于较稳定的疏水蛋白;多数Ka/Ks值小于1,说明该家族受到强烈的纯化选择作用。基因结构变异较大,内含子数目在4-11之间。共线性分析结果表明,甘蓝型油菜和拟南芥、白菜、甘蓝存在大量的同源基因。大部分甘蓝型油菜RVE家族成员在子叶和叶都有表达且表达量最多。BnaRVE启动子上含有大量与激素和生物逆境相关的元件,通过定量PCR分析,4个BnaRVE在ABA与MeJA诱导和低温胁迫下的表达量显著上调。【结论】在甘蓝型油菜基因组中鉴定出33个BnaRVE家族成员。不同基因在不同发育时期和不同组织中表现出不同的表达模式。不同基因对各种胁迫存在响应,且表达模式不一。RVE家族成员对ABA、MeJA和冷胁迫具有正向响应功能。

2019-2022年我国部分地区鸡滑液囊支原体分离株基因分型及vlhA基因进化分析

为了解我国鸡滑液囊支原体(MS)的最新感染情况,试验对2019-2022年在我国河南、河北、山东、安徽、江苏5个省份收集的152份疑似MS感染的鸡病料进行MS分离鉴定,对分离的MS菌株进行基因分型,并对其vlhA基因5′端保守区域(76~421 nt)进行遗传进化分析。结果显示:共分离到29株MS菌株,除其中1株为E型外,其余28株均为L型;29株MS均处在一个大的进化分支,与国内流行菌株亲缘关系较近,与国外流行菌株亲缘关系较远。研究提示:近四年我国流行的MS菌株相对独立,各地流行菌株同源性较高。

微生物代谢工程生产L-酪氨酸研究进展

L-酪氨酸是一种具有重要营养功能的芳香族氨基酸,在食品、饲料、医药以及化工等行业具有广泛的应用。通常生产L-酪氨酸的方法有化学合成法、水解法和代谢工程改造微生物合成法。相较于前2种方法的众多缺陷,代谢工程改造微生物合成L-酪氨酸越来越广泛被利用。该文综述了利用代谢工程改造微生物提高L-酪氨酸产量的方法,以期为相关科研者提供一定的思路。

全基因组关联分析定位水稻分蘖角度QTL

【目的】水稻分蘖角度是影响水稻产量的关键农艺性状,挖掘水稻分蘖角度QTL(基因)及其优势单倍型,有助于构建水稻理想株型。【方法】以333份来自水稻3K资源的核心种质为研究材料,于2020年和2022年分别在湖南农业大学耘园基地和春华基地种植,在抽穗期测量分蘖角度,结合基因型,利用TASSEL 5.2的MLM模型进行全基因组关联分析。【结果】共检测到6个分蘖角度QTL位点,分布在水稻2、5、6、9和12号染色体上,分别命名为qTA2、qTA5、qTA6.1、qTA6.2、qTA9和qTA12,这些QTL的表型贡献率为6.23%~16.22%。除了qTA9与分蘖角度主效QTL TAC1共定位外,其余5个QTL均为新的位点。进一步对5个QTL位点进行候选基因分析,初步筛选到qTA2和qTA6.1的候选基因别为Os02g0817900和Os06g0682800,候选基因Os02g0817900编码水稻细胞色素P450家族蛋白,候选基因Os06g0682800编码锌指结构域蛋白。【结论】本研究挖掘到新的水稻分蘖角度相关位点并对候选基因进行了分析,为分蘖角度新QTL(基因)的克隆以及分蘖角度的遗传改良提供参考。