Improving plant resistance to Verticillium wilt(VW),which causes massive losses in Gossypium hirsutum,is a global challenge.Crop plants need to efficiently allocate their limited energy resources to maintain a balance...Improving plant resistance to Verticillium wilt(VW),which causes massive losses in Gossypium hirsutum,is a global challenge.Crop plants need to efficiently allocate their limited energy resources to maintain a balance between growth and defense.However,few transcriptional regulators specifically respond to Verticillium dahliae and the underlying mechanism has not been identified in cotton.In this study,we found that the that expression of most R2R3-MYB members in cotton is significantly changed by V.dahliae infection relative to the other MYB types.One novel R2R3-MYB transcription factor(TF)that specifically responds to V.dahliae,GhMYB3D5,was identified.GhMYB3D5 was not expressed in 15 cotton tissues under normal conditions,but it was dramatically induced by V.dahliae stress.We functionally characterized its positive role and underlying mechanism in VW resistance.Upon V.dahliae infection,the up-regulated GhMYB3D5 bound to the GhADH1 promoter and activated GhADH1expression.In addition,GhMYB3D5 physically interacted with GhADH1 and further enhanced the transcriptional activation of GhADH1.Consequently,the transcriptional regulatory module GhMYB3D5-GhADH1 then promoted lignin accumulation by improving the transcriptional levels of genes related to lignin biosynthesis(GhPAL,GhC4H,Gh4CL,and GhPOD/GhLAC)in cotton,thereby enhancing cotton VW resistance.Our results demonstrated that the GhMYB3D5 promotes defense-induced lignin accumulation,which can be regarded as an effective way to orchestrate plant immunity and growth.展开更多
以（Lactobacillus plantarum D5-5）为研究对象,用不同体积分数乙醇胁迫菌体,测定乙醇胁迫后菌体中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、ATP酶的活力,胞外β-半乳糖苷酶相对酶活及细胞膜特性的变化,分析乙醇胁迫后造成菌体失活的主要因素,探讨乙醇胁迫...以（Lactobacillus plantarum D5-5）为研究对象,用不同体积分数乙醇胁迫菌体,测定乙醇胁迫后菌体中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、ATP酶的活力,胞外β-半乳糖苷酶相对酶活及细胞膜特性的变化,分析乙醇胁迫后造成菌体失活的主要因素,探讨乙醇胁迫对乳酸杆菌的损伤机制。结果表明：在乙醇体积分数为6%~8%胁迫条件下,菌体存活率分别降低了44.07%、61.81%、69.79%,乙醇胁迫对植物乳杆菌D5-5LDH、ATP酶具有显著影响,胞外β-半乳糖苷酶相对酶活升高,细胞膜完整性和表面结构受破坏程度增强。说明LDH、ATP酶是影响乙醇胁迫损伤的关键酶,乙醇胁迫致使菌体关键酶失活,细胞膜完整性破坏,细胞表面结构受损,从而影响植物乳杆菌D5-5的正常生理代谢。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1001403)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(C2022204205)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372194)the National Top Talent Project and Hebei Top Talent,China。
文摘Improving plant resistance to Verticillium wilt(VW),which causes massive losses in Gossypium hirsutum,is a global challenge.Crop plants need to efficiently allocate their limited energy resources to maintain a balance between growth and defense.However,few transcriptional regulators specifically respond to Verticillium dahliae and the underlying mechanism has not been identified in cotton.In this study,we found that the that expression of most R2R3-MYB members in cotton is significantly changed by V.dahliae infection relative to the other MYB types.One novel R2R3-MYB transcription factor(TF)that specifically responds to V.dahliae,GhMYB3D5,was identified.GhMYB3D5 was not expressed in 15 cotton tissues under normal conditions,but it was dramatically induced by V.dahliae stress.We functionally characterized its positive role and underlying mechanism in VW resistance.Upon V.dahliae infection,the up-regulated GhMYB3D5 bound to the GhADH1 promoter and activated GhADH1expression.In addition,GhMYB3D5 physically interacted with GhADH1 and further enhanced the transcriptional activation of GhADH1.Consequently,the transcriptional regulatory module GhMYB3D5-GhADH1 then promoted lignin accumulation by improving the transcriptional levels of genes related to lignin biosynthesis(GhPAL,GhC4H,Gh4CL,and GhPOD/GhLAC)in cotton,thereby enhancing cotton VW resistance.Our results demonstrated that the GhMYB3D5 promotes defense-induced lignin accumulation,which can be regarded as an effective way to orchestrate plant immunity and growth.
文摘以（Lactobacillus plantarum D5-5）为研究对象,用不同体积分数乙醇胁迫菌体,测定乙醇胁迫后菌体中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、ATP酶的活力,胞外β-半乳糖苷酶相对酶活及细胞膜特性的变化,分析乙醇胁迫后造成菌体失活的主要因素,探讨乙醇胁迫对乳酸杆菌的损伤机制。结果表明：在乙醇体积分数为6%~8%胁迫条件下,菌体存活率分别降低了44.07%、61.81%、69.79%,乙醇胁迫对植物乳杆菌D5-5LDH、ATP酶具有显著影响,胞外β-半乳糖苷酶相对酶活升高,细胞膜完整性和表面结构受破坏程度增强。说明LDH、ATP酶是影响乙醇胁迫损伤的关键酶,乙醇胁迫致使菌体关键酶失活,细胞膜完整性破坏,细胞表面结构受损,从而影响植物乳杆菌D5-5的正常生理代谢。
