基于Damper的方向盘抖动问题优化设计

方向盘是顾客使用频次较高的零部件,受发动机等振源影响,在某些工况下方向盘会出现抖动等让顾客感到不适的问题,本文浅析了某车型方向盘高速抖动的原因,在现有方向盘结构上优化设计,增加Damper吸振器,有效解决了方向盘抖动问题,提升了顾客舒适性。

Seismic control of multi-degrees-of-freedom structures by vertical mass isolation method using MR dampers

Vertical mass isolation(VMI)is one of the novel methods for the seismic control of structures.In this method,the entire structure is assumed to consist of two mass and stiffness subsystems,and an isolated layer is located among them.In this study,the magnetorheological damper in three modes:passive-off,passive-on,and semi-active mode with variable voltage between zero and 9 volts was used as an isolated layer between two subsystems.Multi-degrees-of-freedom structures with 5,10,and 15 floors in two dimensions were examined under 11 pairs of near field earthquakes.On each level,the displacement of MR dampers was taken into account.The responses of maximum displacement,maximum inter-story drift,and maximum base shear in controlled and uncontrolled buildings were compared to assess the suggested approach for seismic control of the structures.According to the results,the semi-active control method can reduce the response by more than 12%compared to the uncontrolled mode in terms of maximum displacement of the mass subsystem of the structures.This method can reduce more than 16%and 20%of the responses compared to the uncontrolled mode in terms of maximum inter-story drift and base shear of the structure,respectively.

Theoretical and Experimental Study on the Performance of Hermetic Diaphragm Squeeze Film Dampers for Gas-Lubricated Bearings

Low damping characteristics have always been a key sticking points in the development of gas bearings.The application of squeeze film dampers can significantly improve the damping performance of gas lubricated bearings.This paper proposed a novel hermetic diaphragm squeeze film damper(HDSFD)for oil-free turbomachinery supported by gas lubricated bearings.Several types of HDSFDs with symmetrical structure were proposed for good damping performance.By considering the compressibility of the damper fluid,based on hydraulic fluid mechanics theory,a dynamic model of HDSFDs under medium is proposed,which successfully reflects the frequency dependence of force coefficients.Based on the dynamic model,the effects of damper fluid viscosity,bulk modulus of damper fluid,thickness of damper fluid film and plunger thickness on the dynamic stiffness and damping of HDSFDs were analyzed.An experimental test rig was assembled and series of experimental studies on HDSFDs were conducted.The damper fluid transverse flow is added to the existing HDSFD concept,which aims to make the dynamic force coefficients independent of frequency.Although the force coefficient is still frequency dependent,the damping coefficient at high frequency excitation with damper fluid supply twice as that without damper fluid supply.The results serve as a benchmark for the calibration of analytical tools under development.

Vibration attenuation performance of wind turbine tower using a prestressed tuned mass damper under seismic excitation

With the rapid development of large megawatt wind turbines,the operation environment of wind turbine towers(WTTs)has become increasingly complex.In particular,seismic excitation can create a resonance response and cause excessive vibration of the WTT.To investigate the vibration attenuation performance of the WTT under seismic excitations,a novel passive vibration control device,called a prestressed tuned mass damper(PS-TMD),is presented in this study.First,a mathematical model is established based on structural dynamics under seismic excitation.Then,the mathematical analytical expression of the dynamic coefficient is deduced,and the parameter design method is obtained by system tuning optimization.Next,based on a theoretical analysis and parameter design,the numerical results showed that the PS-TMD was able to effectively mitigate the resonance under the harmonic basal acceleration.Finally,the time-history analysis method is used to verify the effectiveness of the traditional pendulum tuned mass damper(PTMD)and the novel PS-TMD device,and the results indicate that the vibration attenuation performance of the PS-TMD is better than the PTMD.In addition,the PS-TMD avoids the nonlinear effect due to the large oscillation angle,and has the potential to dissipate hysteretic energy under seismic excitation.

Development and Application of a Power Law Constitutive Model for Eddy Current Dampers

Eddy current dampers (ECDs) have emerged as highly desirable solutions for vibration control due to theirexceptional damping performance and durability. However, the existing constitutive models present challenges tothe widespread implementation of ECD technology, and there is limited availability of finite element analysis (FEA)software capable of accurately modeling the behavior of ECDs. This study addresses these issues by developing anewconstitutivemodel that is both easily understandable and user-friendly for FEAsoftware. By utilizing numericalresults obtained from electromagnetic FEA, a novel power law constitutive model is proposed to capture thenonlinear behavior of ECDs. The effectiveness of the power law constitutive model is validated throughmechanicalproperty tests and numerical seismic analysis. Furthermore, a detailed description of the application process ofthe power law constitutive model in ANSYS FEA software is provided. To facilitate the preliminary design ofECDs, an analytical derivation of energy dissipation and parameter optimization for ECDs under harmonicmotionis performed. The results demonstrate that the power law constitutive model serves as a viable alternative forconducting dynamic analysis using FEA and optimizing parameters for ECDs.

Parameters Optimization and Performance Evaluation of the Tuned Inerter Damper for the Seismic Protection of Adjacent Building Structures

In order to improve the seismic performance of adjacent buildings,two types of tuned inerter damper(TID)damping systems for adjacent buildings are proposed,which are composed of springs,inerter devices and dampers in serial or in parallel.The dynamic equations of TID adjacent building damping systems were derived,and the H2 norm criterion was used to optimize and adjust them,so that the system had the optimum damping performance under white noise random excitation.Taking TID frequency ratio and damping ratio as optimization parameters,the optimum analytical solutions of the displacement frequency response of the undamped structure under white noise excitation were obtained.The results showed that compared with the classic TMD,TID could obtain a better damping effect in the adjacent buildings.Comparing the TIDs composed of serial or parallel,it was found that the parallel TIDs had more significant advantages in controlling the peak displacement frequency response,while the H2 norm of the displacement frequency response of the damping system under the coupling of serial TID was smaller.Taking the adjacent building composed of two ten-story frame structures as an example,the displacement and energy collection time history analysis of the adjacent building coupled with the optimum design parameter TIDs were carried out.It was found that TID had a better damping effect in the full-time range compared with the classic TMD.This paper also studied the potential power of TID in adjacent buildings,which can be converted into available power resources during earthquakes.

超高层Tuned Mass Damper防震支撑系统技术研究应用

超高层建筑是现代城市建设的重要标志之一,其高度已经超过了传统建筑的极限。然而,随着建筑高度不断增加,地震的破坏力也越来越强,超高层建筑面临着更加严峻的安全挑战。因此,研究超高层建筑防震支撑系统技术非常重要,Tuned Mass Damper(TMD)是一种被广泛研究和应用的超高层建筑防震支撑系统技术,TMD最初是在20世纪60年代提出的,最早应用于桥梁上,后来,TMD被引入到建筑领域,并得到广泛的应用。通过精确调节质量、阻尼和弹性等参数来削弱地震引起的建筑物减震效应,从而减少了建筑物因地震造成的损害和崩塌的风险.

Application of computational fluid dynamics in design of viscous dampers-CFD modeling and full-scale dynamic testing

Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)provides a powerful tool for investigating complicated fluid flows.This paper aims to study the applicability of CFD in the preliminary design of linear and nonlinear fluid viscous dampers.Two fluid viscous dampers were designed based on CFD models.The first device was a linear viscous damper with straight orifices.The second was a nonlinear viscous damper containing a one-way pressure-responsive valve inside its orifices.Both dampers were detailed based on CFD simulations,and their internal fluid flows were investigated.Full-scale specimens of both dampers were manufactured and tested under dynamic loads.According to the tests results,both dampers demonstrate stable cyclic behaviors,and as expected,the nonlinear damper generally tends to dissipate more energy compared to its linear counterpart.Good compatibility was achieved between the experimentally measured damper force-velocity curves and those estimated from CFD analyses.Using a thermography camera,a rise in temperature of the dampers was measured during the tests.It was found that output force of the manufactured devices was virtually independent of temperature even during long duration loadings.Accordingly,temperature dependence can be ignored in CFD models,because a reliable temperature compensator mechanism was used(or intended to be used)by the damper manufacturer.

Variable stiffness tuned particle dampers for vibration control of cantilever boring bars

This research proposes a novel type of variable stiffness tuned particle damper(TPD)for reducing vibrations in boring bars.The TPD integrates the developments of particle damping and dynamical vibration absorber,whose frequency tuning principle is established through an equivalent theoretical model.Based on the multiphase flow theory of gas-solid,it is effective to obtain the equivalent damping and stiffness of the particle damping.The dynamic equations of the coupled system,consisting of a boring bar with the TPD,are built by Hamilton’s principle.The vibration suppression of the TPD is assessed by calculating the amplitude responses of the boring bar both with and without the TPD by the Newmark-beta algorithm.Moreover,an improvement is proposed to the existing gas-solid flow theory,and a comparative analysis of introducing the stiffness term on the damping effect is presented.The parameters of the TPD are optimized by the genetic algorithm,and the results indicate that the optimized TPD effectively reduces the peak response of the boring bar system.

H∞ Control for Externally Excited Building Structures with Active Mass Damper under Actuator Saturation

This paper investigates the application of active mass dampers to mitigate the vibrations of building structures subjected to unknown external excitations under controller saturation conditions. By utilizing an H∞ control strategy, the optimal state feedback controller is derived by solving the linear matrix inequality problem for controller saturation. Case studies show that the proposed controller is capable of stabilizing the closed-loop system with good control performance and effectively suppressing vibrations in building structures under unknown external excitation. When compared to controllers that do not consider saturation, the proposed controller requires lower gain and results in reduced energy consumption. The research findings provide valuable insights for addressing real-world building structure control problems, contributing to both theoretical significance and practical applications.

基于SSA−LSTM的风速异常波动检测方法

针对传统统计方法对风门开闭导致传感器监测数据异常波动的漏报率和误报率高的问题,通过挖掘风速传感器中时间序列数据中的数据特征,提出了一种基于奇异谱分析法(SSA)与长短期记忆神经网络(LSTM)组合的SSA−LSTM风速异常波动检测方法。首先利用SSA对风速传感器监测数据进行预处理,将风速数据分解为趋势分量、周期分量和噪声分量,通过重组趋势分量和噪声分量去除因湍流脉动产生的数据噪声;然后对LSTM进行参数优化,利用优化后的LSTM模型对预处理数据进行预测并得到重构风速;最后以对数概率密度函数计算监测风速与重构风速的异常分数,通过计算训练集数据样本的异常分数设定阈值对监测风速进行异常检测。试验结果表明:SSA去除因湍流脉动产生的数据噪声效果较好,在不影响数据波动情况下去除噪声分量,有助于提高风速重构效果和异常检测准确率;LSTM在无异常波动时能正确重构因湍流脉动导致的小幅波且与实际数据拟合效果较好,在有异常波动时根据历史波动趋势对异常波动段进行重构,可有效提高异常检测的准确率。通过对比分析,所提方法比ARIMA、BP、CNN模型的重构效果更好,异常检测准确率为99.2%,F1-Score为0.97,验证了所提方法的可靠性。表明本文所提方法在检测因风门开闭导致的风速异常波动上具有一定的应用价值。

双目标优化与生成对抗网络结合的框架结构阻尼器布置方案智能设计方法

为实现框架结构的阻尼器智能化布置,结合减震设计原理和智能算法,采用双目标优化算法和生成对抗网络算法分别进行阻尼器竖向和水平智能布置研究,并将该方法应用到两个框架结构减震设计工程案例中。在框架结构减震设计中,采用双目标优化算法进行阻尼器竖向布置,并与逐层逼近法、工程师设计和非减震设计进行对比,结果表明,采用该优化算法得到的阻尼器竖向布置方案能有效降低层间位移角和楼层加速度,提高结构的抗震性能。在确定各楼层的阻尼器数量后,利用训练好的生成对抗网络生成模型,可快速、自动地选择和确定各楼层阻尼器的平面安装位置,生成的平面布置与工程师设计的平面布置在相似性差异度综合评价指标上小于临界值0.1,说明两者相似度较高,且有利于提高原结构的抗扭能力。将双目标优化算法与生成对抗网络相结合,不仅能满足框架结构的减震性能目标,而且可实现阻尼器布置方案的智能设计,提升减震工程设计效率。

基于多尺度卷积注意力机制的输电线路防振锤缺陷检测

作为输电线路中的重要金具部件,防振锤的缺陷将对输电线路构成严重威胁。针对由于防振锤缺陷样本数量稀少、背景复杂、区域形状尺寸不一造成的防振锤缺陷识别能力不足的问题,提出一种基于多尺度卷积注意力机制的防振锤缺陷检测方法。首先,通过统计不同缺陷的防振锤尺寸,设计适应不同类别的多尺度卷积注意力机制,使网络重点关注图像中的防振锤区域;其次,引入结构重参数化方法,以将网络中的多分支结构无损失地转换为单分支结构,在提高网络检测性能的同时维持检测速度在较高水平;最后,以渐进式特征金字塔网络结构(AFPN)为基础,融合更多的浅层网络,提高了网络检测防振锤小目标的能力。实际收集的防振锤缺陷数据集实验结果表明,设计的检测方法可显著提升防振锤缺陷检测的性能,检测精度mAP0.5达到了91.9%,在TITAN XP平台下检测速度达60.88帧/s,可为输电线路防振锤智能化巡检提供参考。

某医院病房大楼消能减震加固分析与设计

某建筑原抗震设防烈度低于6度,且拟将其使用用途由酒店改造为病房大楼。采用黏滞阻尼消能减震技术对该结构进行加固设计,并确定该结构的消能减震加固性能目标为性能1。对加固后结构进行多遇地震、设防地震以及罕遇地震作用下的非线性时程分析,主要分析加固后结构的耗能能力、变形能力以及损伤屈服机制等抗震性能指标的提升情况。分析结果表明,采用减震加固方案后,结构在多遇地震、设防地震、罕遇地震作用下的各项抗震指标均达到预定性能目标的要求,设置的黏滞阻尼器发挥了良好的耗能能力;罕遇地震作用下结构具有合理的屈服机制,结构损伤轻微。

大跨度索穹顶结构半主动振动控制分析

为了实现大跨空间结构半主动振动控制,提出了一种基于模糊控制算法的半主动振动控制方法.以某体育馆大跨度索穹顶屋盖为分析对象,建立了基于台站与地震信息的地震动记录选择集,采用研发的新型压电摩擦阻尼器,开展索穹顶结构被动控制研究.将地面加速度和结构变形量2个指标作为控制参数,进行索穹顶结构半主动振动控制分析.结果表明:被动控制时不同地震动强度下结构峰值加速度、最大相对变形量的最小减振率平均值仅分别为3.7%和-1.6%;半主动控制下的压电摩擦阻尼器能够适应不同强度地震动,有效降低结构的峰值加速度和峰值位移,且峰值加速度减振率平均值为20.0%~41.9%,最大相对变形量减振率平均值为12.0%~19.0%.

双重电磁谐振式调谐质量阻尼器的参数优化及对结构减振分析

利用电磁阻尼单元代替经典调谐质量阻尼器中的黏性阻尼单元,形成一种具有结构减振功能的新型电磁谐振式调谐质量阻尼器(electromagnetic shunt tuned mass damper,EMS-TMD)。为进一步提升阻尼器的减振性能和鲁棒性,设计了双重电磁谐振式调谐质量阻尼器(DEMS-TMD)减振方案。依据达朗伯定理,建立地震作用下DEMS-TMD与单自由度结构耦合振动系统的动力学模型。利用蒙特卡洛-模式搜索法数值优化方法,以主结构位移的动力放大系数最大值最小为目标函数,优化得到DEMS-TMD的结构频率比、电子频率比、电磁阻尼比和机电耦合系数的最优参数,为减振参数设计提供理论指导。通过频域和时域两种方法仿真分析了DEMSTMD对结构的减振性能。结果表明:在频域分析中,DEMS-TMD的主结构位移峰值和频响面积均优于传统并联双调谐质量阻尼器(double tuned mass damper,DTMD);在时域分析中,DEMS-TMD对结构位移、加速度峰值和均方根的减振性能均优于传统DTMD,有效地提高了对结构的减振效果。

单跨两层含减震外挂墙板装配式混凝土框架拟静力试验研究

该文在对一个含减震外挂墙板平面框架(简称减震结构)以及一个作为对比的纯框架(简称抗震结构)进行混合试验的基础上,进一步对其单跨2层试验子结构进行了拟静力试验,研究了两结构在水平地震作用下的受力过程、损伤模式及减震外挂墙板对主体结构抗震性能的影响。研究结果表明:减震结构和抗震结构的破坏机制均为梁端和柱底出现塑性铰的梁铰机制,减震外挂墙板未改变主体结构的破坏模式;减震结构中,在最大层间位移角达到1/55之前,消能器呈预期的履带式滚动变形,此后由于外挂墙板的面内转动变形,消能器水平剪切变形值增加不大,且圆弧段产生明显变形;试验过程中减震外挂墙板未出现裂缝;墙板与框架间上部线连接处裂缝宽度较小,连接钢筋应变也较小,表明连接可靠;两试件均具有较好的变形能力和耗能能力;在相同位移级别下,减震结构的刚度、极限承载力和耗能能力均更好。

磁流变阻尼器Bingham力学模型改进及参数辨识

磁流变阻尼器不仅具有阻尼快速响应、良好的温度稳定性、内部结构简单等优势,而且可以通过调节控制电流使阻尼器的出力值连续变化,实现阻尼力可控。由于磁流变阻尼器阻尼特性与内部磁流变液的磁流变效应有关,具体表现非常复杂,现有力学模型目精度不足,无法精确描述磁流变阻尼器的阻尼特性。在磁流变阻尼器力学性能测试基础上,应用分段拟合函数方法同时结合反正切函数模型改进模型,并辨识改进后力学模型中各参数。将改进后的Bingham模型与实际测试出力值进行对比,结果表明改进后的Bingham模型能够很好地解决Bingham力学模型在非线性滞回阶段出力值曲线与实际测试数据不符的问题,改进后模型总体出力值曲线与阻尼器实际出力值基本相同,模型精度大幅提升。此种改进方法为磁流变阻尼器建立高精度力学模型提供参考。

基于多目标灰狼算法的漂浮式风电机组浮台内TMD参数优化

针对漂浮式风电机组浮台内调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)参数调优的问题,以5 MW Barge型漂浮式风电机组为研究对象,采用多目标灰狼算法(MOGWO)优化TMD参数配置。首先,基于欧拉-拉格朗日方程建立浮台内含TMD的漂浮式风电机组动力学模型,采用Levenberg-Marquardt(LM)法进行模型未知参数辨识;其次,同时考虑塔顶和塔基控制目标,采用MOGWO算法优化TMD的刚度和阻尼参数;最后,在不同工况下进行仿真分析。结果表明:相对于传统的单目标优化算法,使用MOGWO算法参数优化后的TMD对风电机组具有更好的振动抑制效果。

四主缆大跨悬索桥抗震性能分析及减震措施优化

以燕矶长江大桥为工程背景,首先,采用动力非线性时程法分析了燕矶长江大桥抗震性能,并研究了设置电涡流-摩擦组合型阻尼器和黏滞阻尼器对大跨悬索桥抗震性能的影响;然后,对附加电涡流-摩擦组合型阻尼器摩擦力、阻尼系数和阻尼指数开展了参数敏感性分析;最后,从耗能角度分析地震作用下电涡流-摩擦组合型阻尼器减震特点.结果表明:在E2地震作用下,桥塔关键截面抗弯能力均大于弯矩需求;在“纵向+竖向”地震作用下梁端纵向位移较大.设置塔梁处纵桥向阻尼器后,可有效降低主桥梁端纵向位移;增大摩擦力、阻尼系数与降低阻尼指数均可提升梁端纵向地震响应的控制效果,但参数变化对桥塔控制截面的地震响应影响较小.阻尼系数较大时,电涡流阻尼主导了电涡流-摩擦组合型阻尼器耗能,相较于黏滞阻尼器,电涡流-摩擦组合型阻尼器对梁端纵向位移控制效果更好.