Subject Code:A05 A progress review article on the dark matter direct detection experiments,authored by Prof.Liu Jianglai(刘江来),Dr.Chen Xun(谌勋)and Prof.Ji Xiangdong(季向东,corresponding author)from the Shanghai Jia...Subject Code:A05 A progress review article on the dark matter direct detection experiments,authored by Prof.Liu Jianglai(刘江来),Dr.Chen Xun(谌勋)and Prof.Ji Xiangdong(季向东,corresponding author)from the Shanghai Jiao Tong University,was published online in Nature Physics(2017,13:212—216)recently.展开更多
A WIMP-model-independent method is used to examine the existing evidence for low mass dark matter. Using XENON100's recent result of 224.6 live days × 34 kg exposure and PICASSO's result that was published in 2...A WIMP-model-independent method is used to examine the existing evidence for low mass dark matter. Using XENON100's recent result of 224.6 live days × 34 kg exposure and PICASSO's result that was published in 2012, we have obtained constraints on the couplings │an│ 〈 0.4 and │ap│ 〈 0.3, corresponding to spin-dependent cross-sections of σ〈2.5×10^-38 cm2 and σp〈1.4×10^-38cm2 for a WIMP mass of 10 GeV/c2. It is shown that the spin-independent isospin-violating dark matter model also fails to reconcile the recent result from XENON100 with the positive results from DAMA, CoGeNT and CDMS-Ⅱ.展开更多
We investigate the inelastic signatures of dark matter-nucleus interactions,explicitly focusing on the ramifications of polarization,dark matter splitting,and the Migdal effect.Direct detection experiments,crucial for...We investigate the inelastic signatures of dark matter-nucleus interactions,explicitly focusing on the ramifications of polarization,dark matter splitting,and the Migdal effect.Direct detection experiments,crucial for testing the existence of dark matter,encounter formidable obstacles,such as indomitable neutrino backgrounds and elusive determination of dark matter spin.To overcome these challenges,we explore the potential of polarized-target dark matter scattering,examining the impact of nonvanishing mass splitting,and the role of the Migdal effect in detecting dark matter.Our analysis demonstrates the valuable utility of the polarized triple-differential event rate as an effective tool for examining inelastic dark matter.It enables us to investigate angular and energy dependencies,providing valuable insights into the scattering process.展开更多
We reexamine the simplified dark matter(DM) models with fermionic DM particle and spin-0 mediator.The DM-nucleon scattering cross sections in these models are low-momentum suppressed at tree-level,but receive sizable ...We reexamine the simplified dark matter(DM) models with fermionic DM particle and spin-0 mediator.The DM-nucleon scattering cross sections in these models are low-momentum suppressed at tree-level,but receive sizable loop-induced spin-independent contribution.We perform one-loop calculations for scalar-type and twist-2 DM-quark operators,and complete two-loop calculations for scalar-type DM-gluon operator.Analyzing the looplevel contribution from new operators,we find that future direct detection experiments could be sensitive to a fraction of the parameter space.The indirect detection and collider search also provide complementary constraints on these models.展开更多
In this paper,we give a review of direct detection searches reported by the DAMA(China as a Co-Ⅰ),and indirect detection searches reported by the ATIC(China as a Co-Ⅰ).We also outline the future plans of dark matter...In this paper,we give a review of direct detection searches reported by the DAMA(China as a Co-Ⅰ),and indirect detection searches reported by the ATIC(China as a Co-Ⅰ).We also outline the future plans of dark matter search in China.展开更多
Light(sub-GeV)dark matter has gained increasing interest in terms of direct detection.Accelerated dark matter is a promising candidate that can generate detectable nuclear recoil energy within the sub-GeV range.Becaus...Light(sub-GeV)dark matter has gained increasing interest in terms of direct detection.Accelerated dark matter is a promising candidate that can generate detectable nuclear recoil energy within the sub-GeV range.Because of the large kinetic energy,its interactions with the nucleus are predominantly governed by inelastic scattering,including quasi-elastic and deep inelastic scattering.In this work,we calculated the inelastic effects in dark matter-Earth scattering mediated by a vector particle.Our analysis revealed that the impact of inelastic scattering relies on the mediator mass and the kinetic energy spectrum of dark matter.The results exhibited considerable disparity:the upper bounds of the exclusion limit for the spin-independent cross-section between accelerated dark matter and nuclei via a heavy mediator differ by several tens of times when inelastic scattering is considered.展开更多
The Panda X-4T experiment, a 4-ton scale dark matter direct detection experiment, is being planned at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. In this paper we present a simulation study of the expected background in...The Panda X-4T experiment, a 4-ton scale dark matter direct detection experiment, is being planned at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. In this paper we present a simulation study of the expected background in this experiment. In a 2.8-ton fiducial mass and the signal region between 1-10 keV electron equivalent energy, the total electron recoil background is found to be 4.9 × 10^(-5) kg^(-1) d^(-1) keV^(-1). The nuclear recoil background in the same region is 2.8 × 10^(-7) kg^(-1) d^(-1) keV^(-1). With an exposure of 5.6 ton-years, the sensitivity of Panda X-4 T could reach a minimum spin-independent dark matter-nucleon cross section of 6 × 10^(-48) cm^2 at a dark matter mass of 40 Ge V/c^2.展开更多
The XENON IT excess of keV electron recoil events may be induced by the scattering of electrons and long-lived particles with an MeV mass and high speed.We consider a tangible model composed of two scalar MeV dark mat...The XENON IT excess of keV electron recoil events may be induced by the scattering of electrons and long-lived particles with an MeV mass and high speed.We consider a tangible model composed of two scalar MeV dark matter(DM) particles,S_(A) and S_(B),to interpret the XENON IT keV excess via boosted S_(B).A small mass splitting m_(S_(A))-m_(S_(B))>0 is introduced,and the boosted S_(B) can be produced using the dark annihilation process of S_(A)S_(A)^(■)→φ→S_(B)S_(B)^(■) via a resonant scalar φ.S_(B)-electron scattering is intermediated by a vector boson X.Although the constraints from Big Bang nucleosynthesis,cosmic microwave background(CMB),and low-energy experiments set the X-mediated S_(B)-electron scattering cross section to be≤10^(-35)cm^(2),the MeV scale DM with a resonance enhanced dark annihilation today can still provide sufficient boosted S_(B) and induce the XENON1 T keV excess.The relic density of S_(B) is significantly reduced by the s-wave process S_(B)S_(B)^(■)→XX,which is permitted by the constraints from CMB and 21-cm absorption.A very small relic fraction of S_(B) is compatible with the stringent bounds on un-boosted S_(B)-electron scattering in DM direct detection,and the S_(A)-electron scattering is also allowed.展开更多
We study self-conjugate dark matter(DM)particles interacting primarily with Standard Model(SM)leptons in an effective field theoretical framework.We consider SM gauge-invariant effective contact interactions between M...We study self-conjugate dark matter(DM)particles interacting primarily with Standard Model(SM)leptons in an effective field theoretical framework.We consider SM gauge-invariant effective contact interactions between Majorana fermion,real scalar and real vector DM with leptons by evaluating the Wilson coefficients appropriate for interaction terms up to dimension 8,and obtain constraints on the parameters of the theory from the observed relic density,indirect detection observations and from the DM-electron scattering cross-sections in direct detection experiments.Low energy LEP data has been used to study sensitivity in the pair production of low mass(≤80 GeV)DM particles.Pair production of DM particles of mass≥50 GeV in association with mono-photons at the proposed ILC has rich potential to probe such effective operators.展开更多
We report on the first dark-matter(DM)search results from PandaX-I,a low threshold dual-phase xenon experiment operating at the China JinPing Underground Laboratory.In the 37-kg liquid xenon target with 17.4 live-days...We report on the first dark-matter(DM)search results from PandaX-I,a low threshold dual-phase xenon experiment operating at the China JinPing Underground Laboratory.In the 37-kg liquid xenon target with 17.4 live-days of exposure,no DM particle candidate event was found.This result sets a stringent limit for low-mass DM particles and disfavors the interpretation of previously-reported positive experimental results.The minimum upper limit,3.7×10-44cm2,for the spin-independent isoscalar DM-particle-nucleon scattering cross section is obtained at a DM-particle mass of 49 GeV/c2at 90%confidence level.展开更多
The nature of dark matter is one of the greatest mysteries in modern physics and astronomy.A wide variety of experiments have been carried out worldwide to search for the evidence of particle dark matter.Chinese physi...The nature of dark matter is one of the greatest mysteries in modern physics and astronomy.A wide variety of experiments have been carried out worldwide to search for the evidence of particle dark matter.Chinese physicists started experimental search for dark matter about ten years ago,and have produced results with high scientific impact.In this paper,we present an overview of the dark matter program in China,and discuss recent results and future directions.展开更多
Using the latest PandaX limits on the light dark matter(DM) with a light mediator, we check their implication on the parameter space of the general singlet extension of MSSM(without Z3 symmetry), which can have a suff...Using the latest PandaX limits on the light dark matter(DM) with a light mediator, we check their implication on the parameter space of the general singlet extension of MSSM(without Z3 symmetry), which can have a sufficient DM self-interaction to solve the small-scale structure problem. We find that the PandaX limits can tightly constrain the parameter space, depending on the coupling λ between the singlet and doublet Higgs fields. For the singlet extension of MSSM with Z3 symmetry, the so-called NMSSM, we also demonstrate the PandaX constraints on its parameter space, which gives a light DM with the correct relic density but without sufficient self-interaction to solve the small-scale structure problem. We find that in NMSSM, the GeV dark matter with a sub-GeV mediator is tightly constrained.展开更多
The sensitivity of the direct detection of dark matter(DM)approaches the so-called neutrino floor,below which it is difficult to disentangle the DM candidate from the neutrino background.In this work,we consider the s...The sensitivity of the direct detection of dark matter(DM)approaches the so-called neutrino floor,below which it is difficult to disentangle the DM candidate from the neutrino background.In this work,we consider the scenario that no DM signals are reported in various DM direct detection experiments and explore whether collider searches could probe DM below the neutrino floor.We adopt several simplified models in which the DM candidate couples to electroweak gauge bosons or leptons in the standard model only through high-dimensional operators.After including the RGE running effect,we investigate the constraints of direct detection,indirect detection,and collider searches.The collider search can probe light DM below the neutrino floor.Particularly,for the effective interaction of χχBμνB^μν,current data from the mono-photon channel at the 13 TeV LHC has already covered the entire parameter space of the neutrino floor.展开更多
We report the dark matter search results obtained using the full 132 ton·day exposure of the PandaX-II experiment,including all data from March 2016 to August 2018.No significant excess of events is identified ab...We report the dark matter search results obtained using the full 132 ton·day exposure of the PandaX-II experiment,including all data from March 2016 to August 2018.No significant excess of events is identified above the expected background.Upper limits are set on the spin-independent dark matter-nucleon interactions.The lowest 90%confidence level exclusion on the spin-independent cross section is 2.2×10−46 cm2 at a WIMP mass of 30 GeV/c2.展开更多
Self-interacting dark matter(SIDM)is a leading candidate proposed to solve discrepancies between predictions of the prevailing cold dark matter theory and observations of galaxies.Many SIDM models predict the existenc...Self-interacting dark matter(SIDM)is a leading candidate proposed to solve discrepancies between predictions of the prevailing cold dark matter theory and observations of galaxies.Many SIDM models predict the existence of a light force carrier that mediates strong dark matter self-interactions.If the mediator couples to the standard model particles,it could produce characteristic signals in dark matter direct detection experiments.We report searches for signals of SIDM models with a light mediator using the full dataset of the PandaX-II experiment,basing on a total exposure of 132 tonne-days.No significant excess over background is found,and our likelihood analysis leads to a strong upper limit on the dark matter-nucleon coupling strength.We further combine the PandaX-II constraints and those from observations of the light element abundances in the early universe,and show that direct detection and cosmological probes can provide complementary constraints on dark matter models with a light mediator.展开更多
文摘Subject Code:A05 A progress review article on the dark matter direct detection experiments,authored by Prof.Liu Jianglai(刘江来),Dr.Chen Xun(谌勋)and Prof.Ji Xiangdong(季向东,corresponding author)from the Shanghai Jiao Tong University,was published online in Nature Physics(2017,13:212—216)recently.
文摘A WIMP-model-independent method is used to examine the existing evidence for low mass dark matter. Using XENON100's recent result of 224.6 live days × 34 kg exposure and PICASSO's result that was published in 2012, we have obtained constraints on the couplings │an│ 〈 0.4 and │ap│ 〈 0.3, corresponding to spin-dependent cross-sections of σ〈2.5×10^-38 cm2 and σp〈1.4×10^-38cm2 for a WIMP mass of 10 GeV/c2. It is shown that the spin-independent isospin-violating dark matter model also fails to reconcile the recent result from XENON100 with the positive results from DAMA, CoGeNT and CDMS-Ⅱ.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12275232,12005180)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2020QA083)the Project of Higher Educational Science and Technology Program of Shandong Province,China(2022KJ271)。
文摘We investigate the inelastic signatures of dark matter-nucleus interactions,explicitly focusing on the ramifications of polarization,dark matter splitting,and the Migdal effect.Direct detection experiments,crucial for testing the existence of dark matter,encounter formidable obstacles,such as indomitable neutrino backgrounds and elusive determination of dark matter spin.To overcome these challenges,we explore the potential of polarized-target dark matter scattering,examining the impact of nonvanishing mass splitting,and the role of the Migdal effect in detecting dark matter.Our analysis demonstrates the valuable utility of the polarized triple-differential event rate as an effective tool for examining inelastic dark matter.It enables us to investigate angular and energy dependencies,providing valuable insights into the scattering process.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Nankai University(63196013,63191522)
文摘We reexamine the simplified dark matter(DM) models with fermionic DM particle and spin-0 mediator.The DM-nucleon scattering cross sections in these models are low-momentum suppressed at tree-level,but receive sizable loop-induced spin-independent contribution.We perform one-loop calculations for scalar-type and twist-2 DM-quark operators,and complete two-loop calculations for scalar-type DM-gluon operator.Analyzing the looplevel contribution from new operators,we find that future direct detection experiments could be sensitive to a fraction of the parameter space.The indirect detection and collider search also provide complementary constraints on these models.
文摘In this paper,we give a review of direct detection searches reported by the DAMA(China as a Co-Ⅰ),and indirect detection searches reported by the ATIC(China as a Co-Ⅰ).We also outline the future plans of dark matter search in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12275134,12275232,and 12335005)。
文摘Light(sub-GeV)dark matter has gained increasing interest in terms of direct detection.Accelerated dark matter is a promising candidate that can generate detectable nuclear recoil energy within the sub-GeV range.Because of the large kinetic energy,its interactions with the nucleus are predominantly governed by inelastic scattering,including quasi-elastic and deep inelastic scattering.In this work,we calculated the inelastic effects in dark matter-Earth scattering mediated by a vector particle.Our analysis revealed that the impact of inelastic scattering relies on the mediator mass and the kinetic energy spectrum of dark matter.The results exhibited considerable disparity:the upper bounds of the exclusion limit for the spin-independent cross-section between accelerated dark matter and nuclei via a heavy mediator differ by several tens of times when inelastic scattering is considered.
基金supported by a 985-Ⅲ grant from Shanghai Jiao Tong University,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11435008,11455001,11505112,11525522,11775141,and 11755001)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2016YFA0400301)+2 种基金the Office of Science and Technology,Shanghai Municipal Government(Grant Nos.11DZ2260700,and 16DZ2260200)the Key Laboratory for Particle Physics,Astrophysics and Cosmology,Ministry of Educationsupported in part by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Particle Physics(CCEPP)and Hongwen Foundation in Hong Kong
文摘The Panda X-4T experiment, a 4-ton scale dark matter direct detection experiment, is being planned at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. In this paper we present a simulation study of the expected background in this experiment. In a 2.8-ton fiducial mass and the signal region between 1-10 keV electron equivalent energy, the total electron recoil background is found to be 4.9 × 10^(-5) kg^(-1) d^(-1) keV^(-1). The nuclear recoil background in the same region is 2.8 × 10^(-7) kg^(-1) d^(-1) keV^(-1). With an exposure of 5.6 ton-years, the sensitivity of Panda X-4 T could reach a minimum spin-independent dark matter-nucleon cross section of 6 × 10^(-48) cm^2 at a dark matter mass of 40 Ge V/c^2.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11975129,12035008)"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities",Nankai University (63196013)support from the Longshan academic talent research supporting program of SWUST(18LZX415)。
文摘The XENON IT excess of keV electron recoil events may be induced by the scattering of electrons and long-lived particles with an MeV mass and high speed.We consider a tangible model composed of two scalar MeV dark matter(DM) particles,S_(A) and S_(B),to interpret the XENON IT keV excess via boosted S_(B).A small mass splitting m_(S_(A))-m_(S_(B))>0 is introduced,and the boosted S_(B) can be produced using the dark annihilation process of S_(A)S_(A)^(■)→φ→S_(B)S_(B)^(■) via a resonant scalar φ.S_(B)-electron scattering is intermediated by a vector boson X.Although the constraints from Big Bang nucleosynthesis,cosmic microwave background(CMB),and low-energy experiments set the X-mediated S_(B)-electron scattering cross section to be≤10^(-35)cm^(2),the MeV scale DM with a resonance enhanced dark annihilation today can still provide sufficient boosted S_(B) and induce the XENON1 T keV excess.The relic density of S_(B) is significantly reduced by the s-wave process S_(B)S_(B)^(■)→XX,which is permitted by the constraints from CMB and 21-cm absorption.A very small relic fraction of S_(B) is compatible with the stringent bounds on un-boosted S_(B)-electron scattering in DM direct detection,and the S_(A)-electron scattering is also allowed.
文摘We study self-conjugate dark matter(DM)particles interacting primarily with Standard Model(SM)leptons in an effective field theoretical framework.We consider SM gauge-invariant effective contact interactions between Majorana fermion,real scalar and real vector DM with leptons by evaluating the Wilson coefficients appropriate for interaction terms up to dimension 8,and obtain constraints on the parameters of the theory from the observed relic density,indirect detection observations and from the DM-electron scattering cross-sections in direct detection experiments.Low energy LEP data has been used to study sensitivity in the pair production of low mass(≤80 GeV)DM particles.Pair production of DM particles of mass≥50 GeV in association with mono-photons at the proposed ILC has rich potential to probe such effective operators.
基金supported by the 985-Ⅲ grant from Shanghai Jiao Tong Universitythe National Basic Research Program of China from Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No.2010CB833005)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11055003)the Office of Science and Technology in Shanghai Municipal Government (Grant No.11DZ2260700)support from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No.2014M551395)sponsored by Shandong UniversityPeking Universitythe University of Marylandthe University of Michigan
文摘We report on the first dark-matter(DM)search results from PandaX-I,a low threshold dual-phase xenon experiment operating at the China JinPing Underground Laboratory.In the 37-kg liquid xenon target with 17.4 live-days of exposure,no DM particle candidate event was found.This result sets a stringent limit for low-mass DM particles and disfavors the interpretation of previously-reported positive experimental results.The minimum upper limit,3.7×10-44cm2,for the spin-independent isoscalar DM-particle-nucleon scattering cross section is obtained at a DM-particle mass of 49 GeV/c2at 90%confidence level.
基金The authors thank Prof,Qian Yue and Dr.Litao Yang from Tsinghua University,and also appreciate Prof.Jin Chang frorm Purple Mountain Obeservatory for their generous help with the content of this paper.This work was supported in part by the Double First Class plan of the Shanghai Jiao Tong University,the Koy Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology,Ministry of Education,and the Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Ex-cellence in Particle Physics.We also thank supportse from the Na-tiounal Natural Selenee Foundaution of China,Ministry of Selenee and Technology,Ofice of Science and Technology,Shanghai Municipal Government,and the Hongkong Hongwen Foundation and Tencent Punlaliu in Chia.
文摘The nature of dark matter is one of the greatest mysteries in modern physics and astronomy.A wide variety of experiments have been carried out worldwide to search for the evidence of particle dark matter.Chinese physicists started experimental search for dark matter about ten years ago,and have produced results with high scientific impact.In this paper,we present an overview of the dark matter program in China,and discuss recent results and future directions.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(11775012)。
文摘Using the latest PandaX limits on the light dark matter(DM) with a light mediator, we check their implication on the parameter space of the general singlet extension of MSSM(without Z3 symmetry), which can have a sufficient DM self-interaction to solve the small-scale structure problem. We find that the PandaX limits can tightly constrain the parameter space, depending on the coupling λ between the singlet and doublet Higgs fields. For the singlet extension of MSSM with Z3 symmetry, the so-called NMSSM, we also demonstrate the PandaX constraints on its parameter space, which gives a light DM with the correct relic density but without sufficient self-interaction to solve the small-scale structure problem. We find that in NMSSM, the GeV dark matter with a sub-GeV mediator is tightly constrained.
基金Supported in part by the National Science Foundation of China(11725520,11675002,11635001)in part by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(8206300015)。
文摘The sensitivity of the direct detection of dark matter(DM)approaches the so-called neutrino floor,below which it is difficult to disentangle the DM candidate from the neutrino background.In this work,we consider the scenario that no DM signals are reported in various DM direct detection experiments and explore whether collider searches could probe DM below the neutrino floor.We adopt several simplified models in which the DM candidate couples to electroweak gauge bosons or leptons in the standard model only through high-dimensional operators.After including the RGE running effect,we investigate the constraints of direct detection,indirect detection,and collider searches.The collider search can probe light DM below the neutrino floor.Particularly,for the effective interaction of χχBμνB^μν,current data from the mono-photon channel at the 13 TeV LHC has already covered the entire parameter space of the neutrino floor.
基金Supported by a Double Top-class grant from Shanghai Jiao Tong University,grants from National Science Foundation of China(11435008,11525522,11775141,11755001)a grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016YFA0400301)the Office of Science and Technology,Shanghai Municipal Government(11DZ2260700,16DZ2260200,18JC1410200)。
文摘We report the dark matter search results obtained using the full 132 ton·day exposure of the PandaX-II experiment,including all data from March 2016 to August 2018.No significant excess of events is identified above the expected background.Upper limits are set on the spin-independent dark matter-nucleon interactions.The lowest 90%confidence level exclusion on the spin-independent cross section is 2.2×10−46 cm2 at a WIMP mass of 30 GeV/c2.
基金This work was supported by a Double Top-class grant from Shanghai Jiao Tong University,and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11875190)Department of Energy(Grant No.de-sc0008541)the John Templeton Foundation(Grant No.#61884).
文摘Self-interacting dark matter(SIDM)is a leading candidate proposed to solve discrepancies between predictions of the prevailing cold dark matter theory and observations of galaxies.Many SIDM models predict the existence of a light force carrier that mediates strong dark matter self-interactions.If the mediator couples to the standard model particles,it could produce characteristic signals in dark matter direct detection experiments.We report searches for signals of SIDM models with a light mediator using the full dataset of the PandaX-II experiment,basing on a total exposure of 132 tonne-days.No significant excess over background is found,and our likelihood analysis leads to a strong upper limit on the dark matter-nucleon coupling strength.We further combine the PandaX-II constraints and those from observations of the light element abundances in the early universe,and show that direct detection and cosmological probes can provide complementary constraints on dark matter models with a light mediator.