Study on Dynamic Characteristics of the Growth and Development of Armeniaca dasycarpa(Ehrh.) Borkh

[ Objective] This study aimed to analyze the dynamics of growth and development of Armeniaca dasycarpa （ Ehrh. ） Borkh fruit, thus providing the the- oretical basis for cultivation and breeding of good-quality and high-yield A. dasycarpa. [ Method] With A. dasycarpa cultivar Yechengzixing as the experimental material, P. cerasifera Ehrh cultivar Huangguoyingtaoli and A. vulgaris Lam. cultivars Luopuhongdaike, Wanshujianali and Kuchetuoyong as control, the vertical diameter, horizontal diameter and fresh weight of fruit and embryos were measured every 7 d during the growth and development period. [ Result] The result showed that the whole fruit growth period of Yechengzixing, lasted 93 d from the end of flowering to fruit maturity. The dynamics of fruit vertical diameter, horizon- tal diameter and fresh weight of Yechengzixing presented ＂rapid-slow-rapid＂ double S-shaped curves. The whole fruit growth period of Yechengzixing could be di- vided approximately into three stages： first rapid growth stage, slow growth stage and second rapid growth stage, which lasted 29, 42 and 21 d, respectively. Daily increment of fruit vertical diameter and horizontal diameter of Yechengzixing reached the maximum at the first rapid growth stage, while daily increment of fruit fresh weight reached the maximum at the second rapid growth stage. The dynamics of vertical diameter, horizontal diameter and fresh weight of Yechengzixing embryos presented S-shaped curves. Fruit growth and development dynamics of the tested materials presented double S-shaped curves. The whole fruit growth period of Yechengzixing, Huangguoyingtaoli and three apricot cuhivars lasted 93, 119 and 77 -98 d, respectively. Thus, the duration of fruit growth period of Yechengzixing was 26 d shorter than that of Huangguoyingtaoli and exhibited no significant difference compared with three apricot cultivars. The duration of each growth stage and daily increment of Yechengzixing fruit had no significant difference compared with three apricot cultivars. Moreover, Huangguoyingtaoli had a longer slow growth stage and lower daily increment than Yechengzixing. [ Conclusion] The whole fruit growth period, duration of each growth stage and daily increment of Yechengzix- ing exhibited no significant difference compared with three apricot cultivars but varied remarkably compared with Huangguoyingtaoli.

Taxonomic history and identity of Musa dasycarpa,M.velutina and M.assamica (Musaceae) in Southeast Asia

Since the initial description, the name Musa dasycarpa Kurz (1867) has been unclear to most botanists. It has usually been synonymized with M. velutina H. Wendl. & Drude (1875). However, although the original diagnosis was very short, 'fruits hairy', it is adequate. Thus, according to Vienna Codes, M. dasycarpa Kurz has priority over M. velutina H. Wendl. & Drude. The aim of this study is to settle the true identity and to update the description of M. dasycarpa Kurz. For that purpose the names M. dasycarpa and M. velutina are typified. In addi-tion, critical notes regarding M. assamica Bull. are given; it is neotypified here, and considered as conspecific with M. sanguinea Hook. f.

降雨量对苕子花蜂蜜产量影响的调查研究

为研究降雨量对苕子花蜂蜜产量的影响,采用微信小程序设计问卷调查向2022年和2023年在泸西县转地放蜂的养蜂员进行调研,发放问卷14份收回14份。结果表明,养蜂员年龄最小为35岁,最大年龄58岁;蜂龄大于21年的7人,小于4年的1人,5~20年有6人。放蜂点集中在白水镇,占放蜂总数的64.28%。2023年降雨量显著低于2022年,71.43%养蜂员认为2023年苕子种植面积狭窄,57.14%认为2023年苕子花泌蜜差;2023年群产量同比2022年降低62.8%,但2023年收割的苕子花蜂蜜浓度较2022年高。从本次调查来看,前往泸西县转地的养蜂员是资深的职业养蜂者,并且交通便利是决定放蜂点的主要因素,降雨量对养蜂业产生了显著影响。

缬草不定根组织培养的研究

为了研究不同培养条件对缬草(Valeriana fauriei var.dasycarpa Hara)不定根生长及其有效成分含量的影响,利用组织培养技术结合高效液相色谱,通过改变培养基蔗糖、氮源和磷源浓度,研究其对缬草不定根的生长和缬草三酯类、缬草烯酸类合成的影响。结果表明,当蔗糖浓度为60 g/L时最适合缬草不定根的生长以及总缬草三酯类和总缬草烯酸类的生产。NO3-/NH4+为1∶1时,不定根生长量和缬草三酯类以及缬草烯酸类达到最高。改变培养基Na H2PO4浓度时,缬草不定根生长均比不添加Na H2PO4时旺盛,但高浓度的Na H2PO4抑制了缬草三酯类和缬草烯酸类的合成,Na H2PO4为基本培养基的0.3倍时,不定根生长量最高,达14.89 g/L,增长率也最高,达到16.18倍,缬草烯酸类也达到最高产量为13.88 mg/L。

培养条件对缬草不定根生长及次生代谢产物的影响

[目的]研究不同培养基种类、盐强度对缬草不定根生长及其主要的次生代谢产物缬草三酯和缬草烯酸类合成的影响。[方法]利用组织培养技术结合HPLC分析方法,考察培养基种类、盐强度对缬草不定根生长及其代谢产物缬草三酯和缬草烯酸类合成的影响。[结果]综合考虑不定根的生长速率和有效成分含量,确定B5为基本培养基。通过改变培养基盐强度发现,高盐强度不利于不定根的生长和有效成分的合成。[结论]该试验确定了缬草不定根培养的基本培养基为B5培养基,为缬草的种质资源研究提供了依据。

紫杏花芽形态分化特性研究

【目的】研究紫杏花芽形态分化调研,掌握紫杏与普通杏和樱桃李间的花芽形态分化特性及差异,为紫杏的开发利用提供理论参考。【方法】观察测量紫杏花芽大小及外部形态,采用常规石蜡切片法观察花芽内部形态分化特性。【结果】叶城紫杏的花芽为红褐色,呈椭圆锥形,长为3.06 mm,宽为1.65 mm,6月下旬进入分化初期,7中旬进入萼片分化期和花瓣分化期,8月上旬进入雄蕊和雌蕊分化期,7到9月是花芽分化盛期,10月中旬完成雌蕊分化,各分化时期有交错重叠的现象。【结论】叶城紫杏从花芽开始分化到雌蕊分化完成共需100 d,较晚熟佳娜丽长30 d,较黄果樱桃李长10 d,且叶城紫杏进入各分化阶段的时间及整体分化进程,均要晚于晚熟佳娜丽和黄果樱桃李。