Enhancing Patients Outcomes and Infection Control through Smart Indoor Air Quality Monitoring Systems

Air pollution poses a critical threat to public health and environmental sustainability globally, and Nigeria is no exception. Despite significant economic growth and urban development, Nigeria faces substantial air quality challenges, particularly in urban centers. While outdoor air pollution has received considerable attention, the issue of indoor air quality remains underexplored yet equally critical. This study aims to develop a reliable, cost-effective, and user-friendly solution for continuous monitoring and reporting of indoor air quality, accessible from anywhere via a web interface. Addressing the urgent need for effective indoor air quality monitoring in urban hospitals, the research focuses on designing and implementing a smart indoor air quality monitoring system using Arduino technology. Employing an Arduino Uno, ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, and MQ135 gas sensor, the system collects real-time air quality data, transmits it to the ThingSpeak cloud platform, and visualizes it through a user-friendly web interface. This project offers a cost-effective, portable, and reliable solution for monitoring indoor air quality, aiming to mitigate health risks and promote a healthier living environment.

The development of data acquisition and control system for extraction power supply of prototype RF ion source

A 16 kV/20 A power supply was developed for the extraction grid of prototype radio frequency（RF） ion source of neutral beam injector. To acquire the state signals of extraction grid power supply（EGPS） and control the operation of the EGPS, a data acquisition and control system has been developed. This system mainly consists of interlock protection circuit board, photoelectric conversion circuit, optical fibers, industrial compact peripheral component interconnect（CPCI） computer and host computer. The human machine interface of host computer delivers commands and data to program of the CPCI computer, as well as offers a convenient client for setting parameters and displaying EGPS status. The CPCI computer acquires the status of the power supply. The system can turn-off the EGPS quickly when the faults of EGPS occur. The system has been applied to the EGPS of prototype RF ion source. Test results show that the data acquisition and control system for the EGPS can meet the requirements of the operation of prototype RF ion source.

Data acquisition and control system for lead-bismuth loop KYLIN-Ⅱ-M

Among different heavy liquid metals(HLMs), lead-bismuth eutectic(LBE) is considered at present as a potential candidate for the coolant of new generation fast reactors(critical and subcritical) and for liquid spallation neutron sources and accelerator driven systems(ADS). A high temperature liquid LBE loop, KYLIN-II-M,has been built to study the characteristics of corrosion and fluidity of LBE at the Institute of Nuclear Energy Safety Technology. However, due to the sensors and execution components of the loop work at high temperatures and in severely corrosive environments, the reliability and security of the data acquisition and control system(DACS) of KYLIN-II-M face challenges during the loop operation. In order to meet the urgent needs for KYLIN-II-M's long-term stable operation, a virtualization and redundancy control system has been developed.The onsite operation result shows that the DACS is stable and reliable. In this paper, the experimental results are described in detail.

AN APPLICATION OF LABVIEW ON AUTOMATIC DATA ACQUISITION AND CONTROL IN GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY TESTS

The characteristics of USB data acquisition system NI cDAQ and its control software LabVIEW are briefed.The methods for controlling GDS pressure and volume controller by LabVIEW through serial port communication are presented.A practical data sharing method among geotechnical testing systems is illustrated.As an application case on a modified conventional soil triaxial testing system, the automatic triaxial testing system is designed by LabVIEW.Based on the control panel, the cell pressure and back pressure can be controlled independently and the testing data can be recorded automatically.

Real Time Control System for Metro Railways Using PLC & SCADA

This paper proposes to adopt SCADA and PLC technology for the improvement of the performance of real time signaling&train control systems in metro railways.The main concern of this paper is to minimize the failure in automated metro railways system operator and integrate the information coming from Operational Control Centre(OCC),traction SCADA system,traction power control,and power supply system.This work presents a simulated prototype of an automated metro train system operator that uses PLC and SCADA for the real time monitoring and control of the metro railway systems.Here,SCADA is used for the visualization of an automated process operation and then the whole opera-tion is regulated with the help of PLC.The PLC used in this process is OMRON(NX1P2-9024DT1)and OMRON’s Sysmac studio programming software is used for developing the ladder logic of PLC.The metro railways system has deployed infrastructure based on SCADA from the power supply system,and each station’s traction power control is connected to the OCC remotely which commands all of the stations and has the highest command priority.An alarm is triggered in the event of an emergency or system congestion.This proposed system overcomes the drawbacks of the current centralized automatic train control(CATC)system.This system provides prominent benefits like augmenting services which may enhance a network’s full load capacity and networkflexibility,which help in easy modification in the existing program at any time.

A call for enhanced data-driven insights into wind energy flow physics

With the increased availability of experimental measurements aiming at probing wind resources and wind turbine operations,machine learning(ML)models are poised to advance our understanding of the physics underpinning the interaction between the atmospheric boundary layer and wind turbine arrays,the generated wakes and their interactions,and wind energy harvesting.However,the majority of the existing ML models for predicting wind turbine wakes merely recreate Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulated data with analogous accuracy but reduced computational costs,thus providing surrogate models rather than enhanced data-enabled physics insights.Although ML-based surrogate models are useful to overcome current limitations associated with the high computational costs of CFD models,using ML to unveil processes from experimental data or enhance modeling capabilities is deemed a potential research direction to pursue.In this letter,we discuss recent achievements in the realm of ML modeling of wind turbine wakes and operations,along with new promising research strategies.

Data Logging and Control of a Remote Inverter Using LoRa and Power Line Communication

For decades, the power system was highly centralized. With the growing integration of distributed generations into the system, there is a necessity for bi-directional communication methods to monitor and control the remote assets. The primary objective of this paper is to develop a communication link for monitoring and controlling a grid-connected inverter in a remote location. Furthermore, the paper presents developments that have been incorporated to improve the communication link. The literature survey indicates that LoRa is superior compared to other technologies, but has some security and reliability issues. This paper also presents an encryption algorithm to improve the security of the LoRa link. Local data storage added to the system before transmitting data increases the system reliability. A display at the transmission end is added to improve the user-friendliness of the communication link. A Powerline Communication link is parallelly added to the LoRa link to improve the reliability. Finally, tests are conducted with an actual inverter and the results are presented. The tests show that the developed communication link has improved security and reliability, while its open nature makes it highly scalable and adaptable for employment in other smart grid applications.

The control and monitor system for the BESⅢ ETOF/MRPC beam test

A test system is developed for the BESIII ETOF/MRPC beam tests of data acquisition, environment monitoring and automatic control. The software framework is based on the CAMAC bus, VME bus and Serial Port,which are responsible for communications with the detectors. The monitor system works well in the beam test.

Integration system research and development for three-dimensional laser scanning information visualization in goaf

An integration processing system of three-dimensional laser scanning information visualization in goaf was developed. It is provided with multiple functions, such as laser scanning information management for goaf, cloud data de-noising optimization, construction, display and operation of three-dimensional model, model editing, profile generation, calculation of goaf volume and roof area, Boolean calculation among models and interaction with the third party soft ware. Concerning this system with a concise interface, plentiful data input/output interfaces, it is featured with high integration, simple and convenient operations of applications. According to practice, in addition to being well-adapted, this system is favorably reliable and stable.

Control System of Neutral Beam Injection on HT-7

Neutral Beam Injection control system (NBICS) is constructed to measure the plasma current, Magnet current, vacuum pressure, cryopump temperature, control water cooling, filament voltage, and power supply, etc. The NBICS, consisting mainly of a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) subsystem, data acquisition and processing subsystem and cryopump and vacuum pressure monitoring subsystem, has successfully been used on a NBI device. In this article, the design of NBICS on HT-7 is discussed and each subsystem is described in particular. In addition, some experimental results are reported which are very important data for further research related to the HT-7 tokamak.

Performance Analysis of Robotic Arm Manipulators Control System under Multitasking Environment

This work is to observe the performance of PC based robot manipulator under general purpose （Windows）, Soft （Linux） and Hard （RT Linux） Real Time Operating Systems （OS）. The same open loop control system is observed in different operating systems with and without multitasking environment. The Data Acquisition （DAQ, PLC-812PG） card is used as a hardware interface. From the experiment, it could be seen that in the non real time operating system （Windows）, the delay of the control system is larger than the Soft Real Time OS （Linux）. Further, the authors observed the same control system under Hard Real Time OS （RT-Linux）. At this point, the experiment showed that the real time error （jitter） is minimum in RT-Linux OS than the both of the previous OS. It is because the RT-Linux OS kernel can set the priority level and the control system was given the highest priority. The same experiment was observed under multitasking environment and the comparison of delay was similar to the preceding evaluation.

Network Security in Remote Supervisory Control

After an introduction to the implementation of supervisory computer control (SCC) through networks and the relevant security issues, this paper centers on the core of network security design: intelligent front-end processor (FEP), encryption/decryption method and authentication protocol. Some other system-specific security measures are also proposed. Although these are examples only, the techniques discussed can also be used in and provide reference for other remote control systems.

Designing an Intelligent Control Philosophy in Reservoirs of Water Transfer Networks in Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System Stations

In this paper, a hybrid neural-genetic fuzzy system is proposed to control the flow and height of water in the reservoirs of water transfer networks. These controls will avoid probable water wastes in the reservoirs and pressure drops in water distribution networks. The proposed approach combines the artificial neural network, genetic algorithm, and fuzzy inference system to improve the performance of the supervisory control and data acquisition stations through a new control philosophy for instruments and control valves in the reservoirs of the water transfer networks. First, a multi-core artificial neural network model, including a multi-layer perceptron and radial based function, is proposed to forecast the daily consumption of the water in a reservoir. A genetic algorithm is proposed to optimize the parameters of the artificial neural networks. Then, the online height of water in the reservoir and the output of artificial neural networks are used as inputs of a fuzzy inference system to estimate the flow rate of the reservoir inlet. Finally, the estimated inlet flow is translated into the input valve position using a transform control unit supported by a nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model. The proposed approach is applied in the Tehran water transfer network. The results of this study show that the usage of the proposed approach significantly reduces the deviation of the reservoir height from the desired levels.

基于多层级时空图神经网络的风电机组在线异常检测

在风电场运营中,准确及时的故障检测是降低风电机组运行维护成本的关键。然而,现有检测方法未充分挖掘功能单元间的潜在时空关联,限制了检测准确性的提升。文中提出了一种基于多层级时空图神经网络的风电机组在线异常检测方法,以提高故障检测的准确性。该方法依据风电机组物理结构,将其功能单元划分为多个子图,从而构筑了一个多层级的时空图神经网络,通过图注意力机制和多头注意力机制全方位地分析风电机组各传感器节点与功能单元之间的关联强度。同时,针对数据采集与监控(SCADA)系统数据的时间关联,设计了动态图神经网络和时间注意力机制,使正常行为预测模型捕捉了SCADA系统数据的时间关联特性,实现了空间和时间特性的有效融合。最后,基于中国上海某风电场的实际数据验证了所提方法的显著有效性。

基于C++的三维闪电回击数据再处理系统设计

针对三维闪电数据处理算法改进之后需重新定位回击数据,以及省级三维闪电探测系统的回击数据通常更加完整,应用时要将多个省份闪电回击数据合并后重新处理出准确的云内闪电高度值等问题,本研究使用C/S架构和C++builder编程开发了三维闪电回击数据再处理系统。系统设计了回击数据查询处理界面,提供了监视控制功能。通过设定回击数据文件和配置文件,再运行软件系统对符合条件的回击数据进行排序,在完成排序的数据中提取同一闪电相关信息,经计算处理得到重新定位的三维闪电探测结果并存储。将系统部署于国家级平台查询处理全国组网的三维闪电历史回击数据,测试结果表明,再处理系统操作便捷、功能齐全,满足三维闪电回击数据再处理系统的任务要求。

智能电能表生产全流程质量数据采集方法研究

当前智能电能表生产企业和电力公司之间缺乏有效的共享机制,缺少对智能电能表从设计制造到运行报废全生命周期各环节质量控制点的全面掌控,导致智能电能表在运行过程中存在批量故障,运维成本和舆情压力较大。针对以上问题,文章对智能电能表生产全流程质量数据采集方法进行研究,设计质量数据采集架构、质量数据模型和质量数据的接入方法,与电力公司侧的计量生产调度平台共同实现对智能电能表的全链条质量数据的采集。试验结果表明,这项采集技术使得数据采集效率提升到原来的8倍,数据准确性也得到提升,为智能电能表的质量管控以及典型应用场景的开发奠定了基础。

基于STM32单片机的二维码门禁控制系统

该文介绍一种基于STM32单片机的二维码门禁控制系统。该系统通过集成图像采集、二维码识别、数据通信和控制逻辑等关键模块,实现高效、安全的门禁管理。首先,系统利用GM65图像传感器捕捉进出人员的二维码图像,然后通过STM32单片机的强大处理能力进行二维码解码,从而获取其中的身份信息。接着,系统将解码得到的数据与One-Net云端信息进行比对,以判断进出人员是否具有合法通行权限。若权限验证通过,则门禁设备执行开锁操作,允许人员通行;若验证不通过,则系统拒绝开锁,并记录相关事件。该系统的引入,不仅提升门禁管理的效率和安全性,还降低了人为操作的错误率,为智能化、自动化的门禁管理提供新的解决方案。

基于LabVIEW的离合器摩擦片性能试验台测控系统设计

针对摩擦片性能试验台架测量精度低、人工操作复杂的问题,开发了一种基于LabVIEW的摩擦片性能试验台测控系统,对系统关键信号采集并进行了信号处理,基于队列状态机设计了压力和转速的自动化调节方法。台架试验结果表明:该测控系统在监控采集和控制方面均满足实际需求,提高了试验台的自动化程度,具有一定的应用价值。

THE SYSTEM OF MODEL CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION IN THE HUAIHE RIVER FLOOD CONTROL MODEL

The area of the Huaihe river flood control model is 4000m2. A computer system is employed to control models and collect experimental data.It can control 7 inflows which simulating 9 typical years flood process, a tail water level, 6 sluices, 11 outlets of breaking dike, and collect the water level of 37 points and velocity of 32 points.After running long time,the system has ben proved that it possesses steady character and exact accuracy.It is essential precondition for the experimental study of the Huaibe river find control model.