Introducing IoT devices to healthcare fields has made it possible to remotely monitor patients’information and provide a proper diagnosis as needed,resulting in the Internet of Medical Things(IoMT).However,obtaining ...Introducing IoT devices to healthcare fields has made it possible to remotely monitor patients’information and provide a proper diagnosis as needed,resulting in the Internet of Medical Things(IoMT).However,obtaining good security features that ensure the integrity and confidentiality of patient’s information is a significant challenge.However,due to the computational resources being limited,an edge device may struggle to handle heavy detection tasks such as complex machine learning algorithms.Therefore,designing and developing a lightweight detection mechanism is crucial.To address the aforementioned challenges,a new lightweight IDS approach is developed to effectively combat a diverse range of cyberattacks in IoMT networks.The proposed anomaly-based IDS is divided into three steps:pre-processing,feature selection,and decision.In the pre-processing phase,data cleaning and normalization are performed.In the feature selection step,the proposed approach uses two data-driven kernel techniques:kernel principal component analysis and kernel partial least square techniques to reduce the dimension of extracted features and to ameliorate the detection results.Therefore,in decision step,in order to classify whether the traffic flow is normal or malicious the kernel extreme learning machine is used.To check the efficiency of the developed detection scheme,a modern IoMT dataset named WUSTL-EHMS-2020 is considered to evaluate and discuss the achieved results.The proposed method achieved 99.9%accuracy,99.8%specificity,100%Sensitivity,99.9 F-score.展开更多
In this study the medium-term response of beach profiles was investigated at two sites： a gently sloping sandy beach and a steeper mixed sand and gravel beach. The former is the Duck site in North Carolina, on the ea...In this study the medium-term response of beach profiles was investigated at two sites： a gently sloping sandy beach and a steeper mixed sand and gravel beach. The former is the Duck site in North Carolina, on the east coast of the USA, which is exposed to Atlantic Ocean swells and storm waves, and the latter is the Milford-on-Sea site at Christchurch Bay, on the south coast of England, which is partially sheltered from Atlantic swells but has a directionally bimodal wave exposure. The data sets comprise detailed bathymetric surveys of beach profiles covering a period of more than 25 years for the Duck site and over 18 years for the Milford-on-Sea site. The structure of the data sets and the data-driven methods are described. Canonical correlation analysis （CCA） was used to find linkages between the wave characteristics and beach profiles. The sensitivity of the linkages was investigated by deploying a wave height threshold to filter out the smaller waves incrementally. The results of the analysis indicate that, for the gently sloping sandy beach, waves of all heights are important to the morphological response. For the mixed sand and gravel beach, filtering the smaller waves improves the statistical fit and it suggests that low-height waves do not play a primary role in the medium-term morohological resoonse, which is primarily driven by the intermittent larger storm waves.展开更多
At first, the core ideology, advantage and principle of Software Testing Automation Framework (STAF) are presented in this paper. Several automated testing frameworks are summarized and analyzed. In addition, date dri...At first, the core ideology, advantage and principle of Software Testing Automation Framework (STAF) are presented in this paper. Several automated testing frameworks are summarized and analyzed. In addition, date driven automation test framework is given more attention. Test script is the important composing part of software test automation. Then this paper introduces several technologies of script along with their characteristics. Every technology applies to different places. Moreover, an automated test system with an automated test script language XML which is implemented to solve the problems in current automatic testing solutions. The design and implantation of the test script automation framework based on apache ant is put forward. The proposed key technology details of framework are also introduced. We take the automation test methodology of database connectivity operations by ODBC data source as example for validation, using auto test script as the key technology. Finally, the results demonstrate that it can best increase software test effectiveness and reduce workloads as well as save more efforts.展开更多
基金supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research at the University of Tabuk through Research No.S-1443-0111.
文摘Introducing IoT devices to healthcare fields has made it possible to remotely monitor patients’information and provide a proper diagnosis as needed,resulting in the Internet of Medical Things(IoMT).However,obtaining good security features that ensure the integrity and confidentiality of patient’s information is a significant challenge.However,due to the computational resources being limited,an edge device may struggle to handle heavy detection tasks such as complex machine learning algorithms.Therefore,designing and developing a lightweight detection mechanism is crucial.To address the aforementioned challenges,a new lightweight IDS approach is developed to effectively combat a diverse range of cyberattacks in IoMT networks.The proposed anomaly-based IDS is divided into three steps:pre-processing,feature selection,and decision.In the pre-processing phase,data cleaning and normalization are performed.In the feature selection step,the proposed approach uses two data-driven kernel techniques:kernel principal component analysis and kernel partial least square techniques to reduce the dimension of extracted features and to ameliorate the detection results.Therefore,in decision step,in order to classify whether the traffic flow is normal or malicious the kernel extreme learning machine is used.To check the efficiency of the developed detection scheme,a modern IoMT dataset named WUSTL-EHMS-2020 is considered to evaluate and discuss the achieved results.The proposed method achieved 99.9%accuracy,99.8%specificity,100%Sensitivity,99.9 F-score.
基金supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council(Grant No.NE/J005606/1)the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(Grant No.EP/C005392/1)the Ensemble Estimation of Flood Risk in a Changing Climate(EFRa CC)project funded by the British Council under its Global Innovation Initiative
文摘In this study the medium-term response of beach profiles was investigated at two sites： a gently sloping sandy beach and a steeper mixed sand and gravel beach. The former is the Duck site in North Carolina, on the east coast of the USA, which is exposed to Atlantic Ocean swells and storm waves, and the latter is the Milford-on-Sea site at Christchurch Bay, on the south coast of England, which is partially sheltered from Atlantic swells but has a directionally bimodal wave exposure. The data sets comprise detailed bathymetric surveys of beach profiles covering a period of more than 25 years for the Duck site and over 18 years for the Milford-on-Sea site. The structure of the data sets and the data-driven methods are described. Canonical correlation analysis （CCA） was used to find linkages between the wave characteristics and beach profiles. The sensitivity of the linkages was investigated by deploying a wave height threshold to filter out the smaller waves incrementally. The results of the analysis indicate that, for the gently sloping sandy beach, waves of all heights are important to the morphological response. For the mixed sand and gravel beach, filtering the smaller waves improves the statistical fit and it suggests that low-height waves do not play a primary role in the medium-term morohological resoonse, which is primarily driven by the intermittent larger storm waves.
基金国家高技术研究发展计划(863)(the National High-Tech Research and Development Plan of China under Grant No.2003AA1Z2110 No.2004AA1Z2500)新疆维吾尔自治区高技术研究与发展计划项目(No.200412108)。
文摘At first, the core ideology, advantage and principle of Software Testing Automation Framework (STAF) are presented in this paper. Several automated testing frameworks are summarized and analyzed. In addition, date driven automation test framework is given more attention. Test script is the important composing part of software test automation. Then this paper introduces several technologies of script along with their characteristics. Every technology applies to different places. Moreover, an automated test system with an automated test script language XML which is implemented to solve the problems in current automatic testing solutions. The design and implantation of the test script automation framework based on apache ant is put forward. The proposed key technology details of framework are also introduced. We take the automation test methodology of database connectivity operations by ODBC data source as example for validation, using auto test script as the key technology. Finally, the results demonstrate that it can best increase software test effectiveness and reduce workloads as well as save more efforts.
