Effect of dates on blood glucose and lipid profile among patients with type 2 diabetes

Poor fruit and vegetable consumption is one of the 10 major risk factors for mortality.There is a misconception regarding the consumption of dates among patients with diabetes.This manuscript assessed the effects of date consumption on fasting and postprandial blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin,total cholesterol,triglycerides,low-density lipoproteins,high-density lipoproteins,and microbial markers.Four literature databases were searched for relevant articles.Of the 595 studies retrieved,24 assessed the effects of dates on glycemic control and lipids.Overall,the evidence suggests that dates have a lowering effect on blood glucose.Dates reduce total cholesterol and triglyceride levels and increase high-density lipoprotein levels.Dates also promote the abundance of beneficial gut microbiota.Therefore,patients with diabetes and dyslipidemia can consume dates to reduce their blood glucose,cholesterol,and triglycerides.

Effects of Seeding Date and Density on Yield and Agronomic Traits of Millet : A Case Study of Wangu 098 Variety of Millet

[Objectives]To find out a suitable cultivation technique of Wangu 098 in Nanyang area,speed up the popularization,demonstration and application of Wangu 098,and provide a theoretical and practical basis for adjusting the planting structure and realizing the matching of improved varieties and methods.[Methods]The new self-bred millet variety Wangu 098 was used as the material,and the two-factor split zone experimental design was adopted.The effects of different sowing dates and densities on the yield,growth period and agronomic characters of millet were studied.[Results]The interaction of seeding date and density had a great effect on the yield and plant traits of millet.Millet yield was significantly and positively correlated with plant height,panicle length,single panicle weight,panicle grain weight and tiller number.[Conclusions]The reasonable combination of seeding date and density could give full play to the yield potential of millet.According to the experimental results and cultivation experience,the suitable seeding date of millet in Nanyang area is in the first and middle ten days of June,and the best density is about 750000 plants/ha.However,after June 30,the seeding millet did not tiller,so the density should be increased to more than 900000 plants/ha to obtain higher yield.In terms of cultivation and management,timely seeding,reasonable close planting,and coordination of vegetative growth and reproductive growth can make the plant tall and strong,panicle long and thick,and improve the yield of millet.

Effects of sowing date and ecological points on yield and the temperature and radiation resources of semi-winter wheat

Exploring the effects of sowing date and ecological points on the yield of semi-winter wheat is of great significance.This study aims to reveal the effects of sowing date and ecological points on the climate resources associated with wheat yield in the Rice–Wheat Rotation System.With six sowing dates,the experiments were carried out in Donghai and Jianhu counties,Jiangsu Province,China using two semi-winter wheat varieties as the objects of this study.The basic seedlings of the first sowing date (S1) were planted at 300×10^(4)plants ha^(-1),which was increased by 10%for each of the delayed sowing dates (S2–S6).The results showed that the delay of sowing date decreased the number of days,the effective accumulated temperature and the cumulative solar radiation in the whole growth period.The yields of S1 were higher than those of S2 to S6 by 0.22–0.31,0.5–0.78,0.86–0.98,1.14–1.38,and 1.36–1.59 t ha^(–1),respectively.For a given sowing date,the growth days increased as the ecological point was moved north,while both mean daily temperature and effective accumulative temperature decreased,but the cumulative radiation increased.As a result,the yields at Donghai County were 0.01–0.39 t ha–1lower than those of Jianhu County for the six sowing dates.The effective accumulative temperature and cumulative radiation both had significant positive correlations with yield.The average temperature was significantly negatively correlated with the yield.The decrease in grain yield was mainly due to the declines in grains per spike and 1 000-grain weight caused by the increase in the daily temperature and the decrease in the effective accumulative temperature.

Production of Mayonnaise from Date Pit Oil

Chemical compositionof the residual pits from processing of date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) variety khalas from AL-Hasa region–Saudi Arabia was investigated. The extracted oil from residual pits was analyzed for its physico-chemical properties, (refractive index, colour, acid value, peroxide value, iodine number, saponification number and unsaponifiable matter), total phenols, tocopherol content, fatty acid composition, hydrocarbons, and sterol compounds by gas liquid chromatography, and oxidative stability by Rancimat method at 100℃ ± 2℃. Mineral content of date pits was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Date pit oil was used to replace conventional oil in producing mayonnaise, and sensory qualities were evaluated in comparison with commercial mayonnaise prepared from corn oil. The data demonstrated that mayonnaise containing date pit oil was superior in sensory characteristics as compared with control manufactured from corn oil. Results showed that the date pit oil could be used as nontraditional oil in some food processing such as mayonnaise products.

In Situ Rb-Sr Dates of Muscovite and Sulfur Isotope of Pyrite from the Yangshan Gold Deposit in Western Qinling,China

Located along the southern part of the West Qinling orogenic belt,the Yangshan gold deposit is one of the largest in China.The major gold ores of Yangshan are disseminated in metasedimentary host rocks with minor native gold amounts in stibnite-gold quartz veins.Pyrite and arsenopyrite are the major Au-bearing minerals.Hydrothermal muscovite from gold-bearing quartz veins was dated using the in situ Rb-Sr method to determine the formation age of the Yangshan gold deposit.The Rb-Sr isochron date of the muscovite yielded 210.1±5.6 Ma(MSWD=1.2).This date is near the lower end of the period of the mineralized granitic dykes(210.49-213.10 Ma).Two stages of gold enriching process are recognized in the gold-bearing pyrite:the first is incorporated with the Co,Cu,As,Ni enrichment;and the second is accompanied by Bi,Co,Ni,Pb,Cu,Sb concentration.The in-situ sulfur isotopic values of pyrites show a restrictedΔ34s range of-1.43‰to 2.86‰with a mean value of 0.43‰.Trace-element mapping and in-situ sulfur isotopic analysis of pyrite suggest that the sulfur deposits are likely derived from a magmatic source and likely assimilated by sulfur from the sedimentary bedrock.Thus,magmatism plays a critical role in the formation of the Yangshan gold deposit.

Investigation of Aegilops umbellulata for stripe rust resistance,heading date,and the contents of iron,zinc,and gluten protein

Aegilops umbellulata(UU)is a wheat wild relative that has potential use in the genetic improvement of wheat.In this study,46 Ae.umbellulata accessions were investigated for stripe rust resistance,heading date(HD),and the contents of iron(Fe),zinc(Zn),and seed gluten proteins.Forty-two of the accessions were classified as resistant to stripe rust,while the other four accessions were classified as susceptible to stripe rust in four environments.The average HD of Ae.umbellulata was significantly longer than that of three common wheat cultivars(180.9 d vs.137.0 d),with the exception of PI226500(138.9 d).The Ae.umbellulata accessions also showed high variability in Fe(69.74-348.09 mg kg^(-1))and Zn(49.83-101.65 mg kg^(-1))contents.Three accessions(viz.,PI542362,PI542363,and PI554399)showed relatively higher Fe(230.96-348.09 mg kg^(-1))and Zn(92.46-101.65 mg kg^(-1))contents than the others.The Fe content of Ae.umbellulata was similar to those of Ae.comosa and Ae.markgrafii but higher than those of Ae.tauschii and common wheat.Aegilops umbellulata showed a higher Zn content than Ae.tauschii,Ae.comosa,and common wheat,but a lower content than Ae.markgrafii.Furthermore,Ae.umbellulata had the highest proportion of γ-gliadin among all the species investigated(Ae.umbellulata vs.other species=mean 72.11%vs.49.37%;range:55.33-86.99%vs.29.60-67.91%).These results demonstrated that Ae.umbellulata exhibits great diversity in the investigated traits,so it can provide a potential gene pool for the genetic improvement of these traits in wheat.

Modeling Date Palm Trunk Fibers (DPTF) Packed Bed Adsorption Performances for Cadmium Removal from Aqueous Wastewater

In this study,the potential of a low-cost bio-adsorbent,taken directly from Date Palm Trunk Fibers(DPTF)agricultural wastes,for cadmium ions removal from wastewaters is examined.The performances of this adsorbent are evaluated by building breakthrough curves at different bed heights and flow rates while keeping other parameters,such as the initial feed concentration,pH,and particle size,constant.The results indicate that the maximum cadmium adsorption capacity of DTPF can be obtained from the Thomas model as 51.5 mg/g with the most extended mass transfer zone of 83 min at the lowest flow rate at 5 ml/min.The saturation concentrations(NO)and the rate constant(kab)obtained from the BDST(bed depth service time)model are 7022.16 mg/l and 0.0536 l/mg.min,respectively.Using the Yon-Nelsen Model,it is found that operating at a lower flow rate leads to a larger value of the elapsed needed time to reach a 50%breakthrough.The Wolborska model indicates that the bed capacity increases with decreasing the flow rate,and the adsorbent can achieve a greater external mass transfer kinetic coefficient(2.271/min)at a higher flow rate.

Influence of Planting Date on the Incidence and Severity of Leaf Spot Disease in Telfairia occidentalis Hook f.

Telfairia occidentalis Hook f. is attacked by a destructive fungal pathogen Epicoccum sorghinum which causes leaf spot disease in the field. In Came-roon, this critically important seed and leaf vegetable is predominantly culti-vated under natural environmental conditions. An experiment was conducted in 2019 and 2020 during the long and short rainy seasons in Santchou to de-termine the influence of planting dates between seasons on the incidence and severity of leaf spot disease. The design used was a 2 by 4 factorial random-ized complete block design with three replications and four sowing dates. Data for disease incidence and severity documented fortnightly, were submitted to analysis of variance using SPSS version 23, and the means were separated by Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) at a 95% confidence interval. Statistical analysis revealed that the long rainy season registered a significantly (p p < 0.05) disease incidences and severities to other planting dates investi-gated. We established that the first three planting dates in the long rainy season could be a management practice to reduce disease prevalence.

Detecting Climate Change Trend, Size, and Change Point Date on Annual Maximum Time Series Rainfall Data for Warri, Nigeria

The study focused on the detection of indicators of climate change in 24-hourly annual maximum series (AMS) rainfall data collected for 36 years (1982-2017) for Warri Township, using different statistical methods yielded a statistically insignificant positive mild trend. The IMD and MCIMD downscaled model’s time series data respectively produced MK statistics varying from 1.403 to 1.4729, and 1.403 to 1.463 which were less than the critical Z-value of 1.96. Also, the slope magnitude obtained showed a mild increasing trend in variation from 0.0189 to 0.3713, and 0.0175 to 0.5426, with the rate of change in rainfall intensity at 24 hours duration as 0.4536 and 0.42 mm/hr.year (4.536 and 4.2 mm/decade) for the IMD and the MCIMD time series data, respectively. The trend change point date occurred in the year 2000 from the distribution-free CUSUM test with the trend maintaining a significant and steady increase from 2010 to 2015. Thus, this study established the existence of a trend, which is an indication of a changing climate, and satisfied the condition for rainfall Non-stationary intensity-duration-frequency (NS-IDF) modeling required for infrastructural design for combating flooding events.

GAMMA格式及DATE方法在SIMPLE算法中的应用

为了提高N-S方程数值计算的精度并解决压力-速度的耦合问题,将GAMMA格式、DATE方法与SIMPLE算法相结合,得到了一种高精度非结构同位网格下的SIMPLE算法.该算法用GAMMA格式离散对流项,用DATE方法处理方程求解过程中压力-速度的耦合问题,可以弥补传统动量插值法不能处理强非线性压力场的不足,保证对流项离散的稳定性及高精度特性.

Geochronology and Geochemistry of Ore-related Granitoids in the Giant Gariatong Rb Deposit,Tibet and Implications for Rb Metallogeny in China

Rubidium(Rb)deposits mostly occur in the South China and Central Asia orogenic belts and are often closely associated with highly differentiated granites.This study investigates a newly-discovered giant Rb deposit at Gariatong in the Central Lhasa terrane in Tibet.Detailed field studies and logging data revealed that the Rb mineralization mainly occurs in monzogranite and is related to greisenization.LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of zircon yielded ages of 19.1±0.2 Ma and 19.0±0.2 Ma for greisenized monzogranite and fresh monzogranite,respectively.The monzogranites are characterized as strongly peraluminous,with high contents of SiO2,Al2O3,K2O and Na2O as well as a high differentiation index.They are enriched in light rare earth and large ion lithophile elements with significant negative Eu anomalies and depleted high fieldstrength elements.Petrological and geochemical features of these ore-related monzogranites suggest that they are highly fractionated S-type granites,derived from remelting of crustal materials in a post-collisional setting.The geochemistry of zircon and apatite points to a low oxygen fugacity of the ore-related monzogranite during the magma’s evolution.The discovery of the Gariatong Rb deposit suggests that the Central Lhasa terrane may be an important region for rare metal mineralization.

Integrative biogeography: Validating hypotheses of species distribution

DEAR EDITOR,Biogeography is a scientific field dedicated to the investigation of the origins and distribution patterns of organisms,as well as predicting future alterations in their geographical distributions(Cox&Moore,2005).However,the majority of conclusions drawn within the field of biogeography are hypothetical.Rigorous testing of these biogeographic hypotheses remains a considerable challenge.This paper presents the concept of“integrative biogeography”,which emphasizes the experimental testing of biogeographic hypotheses through studies on geological history,as well as biotic and abiotic factors(Figure 1).

Thermal and exhumation history of the Songnan Low Uplift,Qiongdongnan Basin:constraints from the apatite fission-track and zircon(U-Th)/He thermochronology

Significant advancements have been made in the study of Mesozoic granite buried hills in the Songnan Low Uplift(SNLU)of the Qiongdongnan Basin.These findings indicate that the bedrock buried hills in this basin hold great potential for exploration.Borehole samples taken from the granite buried hills in the SNLU were analyzed using apatite fission track(AFT)and zircon(U-Th)/He data to unravel the thermal history of the basement rock.This information is crucial for understanding the processes of exhumation and alteration that occurred after its formation.Thermal modeling of a sample from the western bulge of the SNLU revealed a prolonged cooling event from the late Mesozoic to the Oligocene period(~80-23.8 Ma),followed by a heating stage from the Miocene epoch until the present(~23.8 Ma to present).In contrast,the sample from the eastern bulge experienced a more complex thermal history.It underwent two cooling stages during the late Mesozoic to late Eocene period(~80-36.4 Ma)and the late Oligocene period(~30-23.8 Ma),interspersed with two heating phases during the late Eocene to early Oligocene period(~36.4-30 Ma)and the Miocene epoch to recent times(~23.8-0 Ma),respectively.The differences in exhumation histories between the western and eastern bulges during the late Eocene to Oligocene period in the SNLU can likely be attributed to differences in fault activity.Unlike typical passive continental margin basins,the SNLU has experienced accelerated subsidence after the rifting phase,which began around 5.2 Ma ago.The possible mechanism for this abnormal post-rifting subsidence may be the decay or movement of the deep thermal source and the rapid cooling of the asthenosphere.Long-term and multi-episodic cooling and exhumation processes play a key role in the alteration of bedrock and contribute to the formation of reservoirs.On the other hand,rapid post-rifting subsidence(sedimentation)promotes the formation of cap rocks.

Instructions for Authors of Chemical Research in Chinese Universities

The journal Chemical Research in Chinese Universities is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry,published bimonthly since 1984.The journal publishes research articles,letters/communications and reviews written by faculty members,researchers and postgraduates in universities,colleges and research institutes all over China and overseas.It reports the latest and the most creative results of important fundamental research in all aspects of chemistry and of developments with significant consequences across sub-disciplines.This journal is sponsored by Jilin University and mandated by the Ministry of Education of P.R.China.

U-Pb dating of monazite in the Bainiuchang silver polymetallic deposit,Yunnan Province,and its limitation on Mesozoic mineralization

1.Objective The Gejiu-Bozhushan-Laojunshan tin-tungsten polymetallic metallogenic belt is located in southeastern Yunnan.It is bounded by the Mile-Shizong Fault and the Yangzi Plate to the north and west,respectively,while the Honghe Fault represents its southwestern boundary.It is adjacent to the Ailaoshan Fault,and extends to Guangxi and Vietnam to the southeast(Fig.1a;Liu JP et al.,2021).

Decoding complexity: the need to enhance precision and streamline spatial understanding in neuroscience

Neuroscience is the ultimate frontier in our quest for a comprehensive understanding of human behavior. Since its launch in 2009, the Human Connectome Project has emerged as a pioneering force, making heroic strides in elucidating the intricate correlation between structural information and the functioning of the human brain.

Muscovite^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar isotopic dating of pegmatite veins in the Bieyesamas rare metal deposit in the Altay Mountain,Xinjiang,northwestern China

1.Objective The Altay Orogenic Belt in Xinjiang,China is located in the west of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and in the transition zone between the Siberian Plate and the Kazakhstan-Junggar Plate,extending approximately 500 km in northern Xinjiang,China(Fig.1a).The Altay Orogenic Belt has undergone two-way accretion of the Paleozoic crust and the Meso-Cenozoic intracontinental orogeny,leading to the formation of large numbers of intermediate-acid intrusions.More than 100000 pegmatite veins have been discovered in the intermediate-acid intrusions,and they constitute an important rare metal metallogenic belt of China(Fig.1b).

Cassiterite U-Pb dating of the Yelonggou pegmatite-type lithium deposit in western Sichuan and its metallogenic age constraints

1.Objective Pegmatite hosts important resource of rare metals,e.g.,lithium(Li)and beryllium(Be).In recent years,increasingly more studies were dedicated to characterize and unravel the formation of pegmatite-type deposits,for which accurate dating of pegmatite formation and mineralization is essential.The Songpan-Ganzi orogenic belt is a major rare metal metallogenic belt in China,hosting many important pegmatite-type Li deposits,including the Lijiagou,Dangba,Jiajika,Yelonggou,Cuola,and Declalongba.Radiometric age data(mica Ar-Ar and zircon/cassiterite U-Pb)from these Li deposits are sparse,ranging from 210 to 152 Ma.However,obtaining reliable zircon U-Pb dates can be a challenge due to the strong decidualization in pegmatites.As a result,the formation and mineralization ages of these rare metal pegmatites remain controversial,which hampers the development of pegmatite-type metallogenic model for the Songpan-Ganzi orogenic belt.

Neuroprotection by resveratrol-glucuronide and quercetin-glucuronide via binding to polyphenol-and glycosaminoglycan-binding sites in the laminin receptor

The dietary polyphenolic compounds resveratrol and quercetin prevent neurodegenerative diseases in experimental models;however, they reach the brain only in nanomolar concentrations in the glucuronidated and sulfated forms, and not as the aglycone parent form(Pasinetti et al.,2015).

Mineral Chemistry,Trace Elements,Isotopic Analysis and Zircon U-Pb Dating in the Hesar Pluton,Northern UDMA,Iran:Implications for Pre-Collisional Magma Mixing

The Hesar pluton in the northern Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc hosts numerous mafic-microgranular enclaves(MMEs).Whole rock geochemistry,mineral chemistry,zircon U-Pb and Sr-Nd isotopes were measured.It is suggested that the rocks are metaluminous(A/CNK=1.32-1.45),subduction-related I-type calc-alkaline gabbro to diorite with similar mineral assemblages and geochemical signatures.The host rocks yielded an U-Pb crystallization age of 37.3±0.4 Ma for gabbro-diorite.MMEs have relatively low SiO_(2) contents(52.9-56.6 wt%)and high Mg^(#)(49.8-58.7),probably reflecting a mantle-derived origin.Chondrite-and mantle-normalized trace element patterns are characterized by LREE and LILE enrichment,HREE and HFSE depletion with slight negative Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu^(*)=0.86-1.03).The host rocks yield(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_(i) ratios of 0.70492-0.70510,positive ε_(Nd)(t)values of+1.55-+2.06 and T_(DM2)of 707-736 Ma,which is consistent with the associated mafic microgranular enclaves((^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_(i)=0.705014,ε_(Nd)(t)=+1.75,T_(DM2)=729 Ma).All data suggest magma-mixing for enclave and host rock formation,showing a complete equilibration between mixed-mafic and felsic magmas,followed by rapid diffusion.The T_(DM1)(Nd)and T_(DM2)(Nd)model ages and U-Pb dating indicate that the host pluton was produced by partial melting of the lower continental crust and subsequent mixing with injected lithospheric mantlederived magmas in a pre-collisional setting of Arabian-Eurasian plates.Clinopyroxene composition indicates a crystallization temperature of~1000℃ and a depth of~9 km.