Energy storage systems(ESSs)operate as independent market participants and collaborate with photovoltaic(PV)generation units to enhance the flexible power supply capabilities of PV units.However,the dynamic variations...Energy storage systems(ESSs)operate as independent market participants and collaborate with photovoltaic(PV)generation units to enhance the flexible power supply capabilities of PV units.However,the dynamic variations in the profitability of ESSs in the electricity market are yet to be fully understood.This study introduces a dual-timescale dynamics model that integrates a spot market clearing(SMC)model into a system dynamics(SD)model to investigate the profit-aware capacity growth of ESSs and compares the profitability of independent energy storage systems(IESSs)with that of an ESS integrated within a PV(PV-ESS).Furthermore,this study aims to ascertain the optimal allocation of the PV-ESS.First,SD and SMC models were set up.Second,the SMC model simulated on an hourly timescale was incorporated into the SD model as a subsystem,a dual-timescale model was constructed.Finally,a development simulation and profitability analysis was conducted from 2022 to 2040 to reveal the dynamic optimal range of PV-ESS allocation.Additionally,negative electricity prices were considered during clearing processes.The simulation results revealed differences in profitability and capacity growth between IESS and PV-ESS,helping grid investors and policymakers to determine the boundaries of ESSs and dynamic optimal allocation of PV-ESSs.展开更多
随着风电和光伏发电装机规模快速增长,系统出现了发电容量充裕度不足的问题。为确保电力系统中的充足发电容量,需要引入容量市场机制。相比于大型火电机组的长建设周期和高投资成本,分布式可调节资源聚合的虚拟电厂(virtual power plant...随着风电和光伏发电装机规模快速增长,系统出现了发电容量充裕度不足的问题。为确保电力系统中的充足发电容量,需要引入容量市场机制。相比于大型火电机组的长建设周期和高投资成本,分布式可调节资源聚合的虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)建设周期短、投资小、见效快,是为系统提供发电容量的有效资源。因此,构建了虚拟电厂可信容量(unforced capacity,UCAP)计算方法并提出一种考虑虚拟电厂可信容量的新能源电力系统容量市场出清模型。虚拟电厂可信容量计算模型考虑了其功率、能量以及运行特性。容量市场出清模型在考虑发电侧风电、光伏、传统机组的基础上,增加用电侧虚拟电厂参与市场。容量市场出清模型中考虑了高峰容量需求、基本容量需求、电能需求、谷荷需求、爬坡功率需求等系统约束。最后通过算例分析了虚拟电厂可信容量、市场容量总需求量以及新能源装机容量对市场出清结果的影响,验证了本文虚拟电厂可信容量计算方法以及容量市场出清模型的有效性。展开更多
虚拟电厂(virtual power plants,VPP)作为新兴市场主体,逐步在多市场交易品种中获得准入地位,通过聚合灵活分布式资源响应系统调度指令、执行交易结果,为新型电力系统拓展了可调节资源。现阶段,虚拟电厂处于以参与辅助服务市场为主、参...虚拟电厂(virtual power plants,VPP)作为新兴市场主体,逐步在多市场交易品种中获得准入地位,通过聚合灵活分布式资源响应系统调度指令、执行交易结果,为新型电力系统拓展了可调节资源。现阶段,虚拟电厂处于以参与辅助服务市场为主、参与能量市场为辅的业务形态。随着高比例新能源的渗透,虚拟电厂向现货市场过渡将成为重要业务拓展方向。研究了适应虚拟电厂参与的现货市场出清模型,允许虚拟电厂通过引入灵活申报方式反应自身的灵活调节特性,用以提高电力市场交易供需双方匹配率;同时基于不同交易模型出清结果的对比分析,建立了虚拟电厂灵活性的溢价评估方法,实现了虚拟电厂定价体系由能量定价向“能量+灵活性”定价模式转变,从而提高了灵活资源虚拟电厂在电力市场中的竞争力和价值认证。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2066209)。
文摘Energy storage systems(ESSs)operate as independent market participants and collaborate with photovoltaic(PV)generation units to enhance the flexible power supply capabilities of PV units.However,the dynamic variations in the profitability of ESSs in the electricity market are yet to be fully understood.This study introduces a dual-timescale dynamics model that integrates a spot market clearing(SMC)model into a system dynamics(SD)model to investigate the profit-aware capacity growth of ESSs and compares the profitability of independent energy storage systems(IESSs)with that of an ESS integrated within a PV(PV-ESS).Furthermore,this study aims to ascertain the optimal allocation of the PV-ESS.First,SD and SMC models were set up.Second,the SMC model simulated on an hourly timescale was incorporated into the SD model as a subsystem,a dual-timescale model was constructed.Finally,a development simulation and profitability analysis was conducted from 2022 to 2040 to reveal the dynamic optimal range of PV-ESS allocation.Additionally,negative electricity prices were considered during clearing processes.The simulation results revealed differences in profitability and capacity growth between IESS and PV-ESS,helping grid investors and policymakers to determine the boundaries of ESSs and dynamic optimal allocation of PV-ESSs.
文摘随着风电和光伏发电装机规模快速增长,系统出现了发电容量充裕度不足的问题。为确保电力系统中的充足发电容量,需要引入容量市场机制。相比于大型火电机组的长建设周期和高投资成本,分布式可调节资源聚合的虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)建设周期短、投资小、见效快,是为系统提供发电容量的有效资源。因此,构建了虚拟电厂可信容量(unforced capacity,UCAP)计算方法并提出一种考虑虚拟电厂可信容量的新能源电力系统容量市场出清模型。虚拟电厂可信容量计算模型考虑了其功率、能量以及运行特性。容量市场出清模型在考虑发电侧风电、光伏、传统机组的基础上,增加用电侧虚拟电厂参与市场。容量市场出清模型中考虑了高峰容量需求、基本容量需求、电能需求、谷荷需求、爬坡功率需求等系统约束。最后通过算例分析了虚拟电厂可信容量、市场容量总需求量以及新能源装机容量对市场出清结果的影响,验证了本文虚拟电厂可信容量计算方法以及容量市场出清模型的有效性。
文摘虚拟电厂(virtual power plants,VPP)作为新兴市场主体,逐步在多市场交易品种中获得准入地位,通过聚合灵活分布式资源响应系统调度指令、执行交易结果,为新型电力系统拓展了可调节资源。现阶段,虚拟电厂处于以参与辅助服务市场为主、参与能量市场为辅的业务形态。随着高比例新能源的渗透,虚拟电厂向现货市场过渡将成为重要业务拓展方向。研究了适应虚拟电厂参与的现货市场出清模型,允许虚拟电厂通过引入灵活申报方式反应自身的灵活调节特性,用以提高电力市场交易供需双方匹配率;同时基于不同交易模型出清结果的对比分析,建立了虚拟电厂灵活性的溢价评估方法,实现了虚拟电厂定价体系由能量定价向“能量+灵活性”定价模式转变,从而提高了灵活资源虚拟电厂在电力市场中的竞争力和价值认证。