Experimental investigation on de-icing by an array of impact rod-type plasma synthetic jets

Since flight accidents due to aircraft icing occur from time to time,this paper proposes an array of impact rod-type plasma synthetic jet de-icing methods for aircraft icing problems.The impact rod-type plasma synthetic jet actuator(PSJA)is based on the traditional PSJA with an additional impact rod structure for better de-icing in the flight environment.In this work,we first optimize the ice-breaking performance of a single-impact rod-type PSJA,and then conduct an array of impact rod-type plasma synthetic jet ice-breaking experiments to investigate the relationship between crack expansion and discharge energy,ice thickness and group spacing.The results show that the impact force and impulse of a single-impact rod-type PSJA are proportional to the discharge energy,and there exists a threshold energy Qmin for a single actuator to break the ice,which is proportional to the ice thickness.Only when the discharge energy reaches above Qmin can the ice layer produce cracks,and at the same time,the maximum radial crack length produced during the ice-breaking process is proportional to the discharge energy.When the ice is broken by an array of impact rod PSJAs,the discharge energy and group spacing together determine whether the crack can be extended to the middle region of the actuator.When the group spacing is certain,increasing the energy can increase the intersection of cracks in the middle region,and the ice-fragmentation degree is increased and the ice-breaking effect is better.At the same time,the energy estimation method of ice breaking by an array of impact rod-type PSJAs is proposed according to the law when a single actuator is breaking ice.

State of the art and practice of pavement anti-icing and de-icing techniques

Pavement snow and icing are worldwide problems, but effective countermeasures are just beginning to be developed in China. The two most common snow and ice removal methods are mechanical clearance and chemical melting, and the advantages and disadvantages of each approach are discussed here, including environmental and structural damage caused by corrosive snow melting agents. New developments in chemical melting agents and mechanical equipment are discussed, and an overview of alternative thermal melting systems is presented, including the use of geothermy and non-geothermal heating systems utilizing solar energy, electricity, conductive pavement materials, and infrared/microwave applications. Strategic recommendations are made for continued enhancement of public safety in snow and ice conditions.

Peridynamic modeling and simulation of thermo-mechanical de-icing process with modified ice failure criterion

De-icing technology has become an increasingly important subject in numerous applications in recent years.However,the direct numerical modeling and simulation the physical process of thermomechanical deicing is limited.This work is focusing on developing a numerical model and tool to direct simulate the de-icing process in the framework of the coupled thermo-mechanical peridynamics theory.Here,we adopted the fully coupled thermo-mechanical bond-based peridynamics(TM-BB-PD)method for modeling and simulation of de-icing.Within the framework of TM-BB-PD,the ice constitutive model is established by considering the influence of the temperature difference between two material points,and a modified failure criteria is proposed,which takes into account temperature effect to predict the damage of quasi-brittle ice material.Moreover,thermal boundary condition is used to simulate the thermal load in the de-icing process.By comparing with the experimental results and the previous reported finite element modeling,our numerical model shows good agreement with the previous predictions.Based on the numerical results,we find that the developed method can not only predict crack initiation and propagation in the ice,but also predict the temperature distribution and heat conduction during the de-icing process.Furthermore,the influence of the temperature for the ice crack growth pattern is discussed accordingly.In conclusion,the coupled thermal-mechanical peridynamics formulation with modified failure criterion is capable of providing a modeling tool for engineering applications of de-icing technology.

Dose-effect correlation of chloride de-icing salt on Euonymus japonicus

In order to prevent severe pollution by de-icing salt on greenery along urban roads, a half lethal dose （LD_50）for a plant population was confirmed through stress simulation of chloride de-icing salt on Euonymus japonicus, with an ianalysis of physiological changes, statistics on mortality rate on plant populations and mathematic modeling during a 30- day subacute toxicity test. The results indicate that a significant positive correlation in the early stages and a significant negative correlation in the later stages were observed between the amount of chlorophyll a and b in plants and a cumulative dose of de-icing salt. The amounts of free proline in plants and the dose of de-icing salt were positively correlated Over the entire period. No significant correlation in the initial stage, but a significant negative correlation in later stages was observed between the soluble protein and the dose of de-icing salt. LDs0 of this chloride agent on E. japonicus is 5 kg.（L·m2）-1 over 30 days.

Self-Structured Organizing Single-Input CMAC Control for De-icing Robot Manipulator

This paper presents a self-structured organizing single-input control system based on differentiable cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) for an n-link robot manipulator to achieve the high-precision position tracking. In the proposed scheme, the single-input CMAC controller is solely used to control the plant, so the input space dimension of CMAC can be simplified and no conventional controller is needed. The structure of single-input CMAC will also be self-organized;that is, the layers of single-input CMAC will grow or prune systematically and their receptive functions can be automatically adjusted. The online tuning laws of single-input CMAC parameters are derived in gradient-descent learning method and the discrete-type Lyapunov function is applied to determine the learning rates of the proposed control system so that the stability of the system can be guaranteed. The simulation results of three-link De-icing robot manipulator are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control methodology.

Simulation Analysis of Electromechanical Coupling for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Cabin Door System

In order to study the dynamic response of the unmanned aerial vehicle cabin door opening and closing system under impact load conditions, considering the flexible treatment of mechanical components, and the system’s motion with different stiffness of energy-absorbing components, a rigid-flexible coupling model of the cabin door actuation system was established in LMS. Virtual. Motion. In Amesim, a control model of the motor was created. Through the Motion-Amesim co-simulation module, the dynamic module of the system was combined with the motor control module to complete the electromechanical coupling simulation and analyze the results. .

Generation of a Controlled Polluted Atmosphere for Vehicles’ Cabins Air Quality Characterization

Air pollution induces significant health risks to individuals exposed to high levels of pollutants concentration. For ground vehicles, pollutants infiltrate the car cabin through the ventilation system, leading to potential health issues. To address this problem, a project was undertaken to develop a protocol for characterizing in-cabin air quality. The study involved a closed chamber (the bubble) where its internal multiphase flow has been optimized to create controlled polluted atmospheres. Experiments were conducted to optimize the positioning of the stirring fan and particle generation source, ensuring a homogeneous distribution of fine and ultrafine particles. This study demonstrated the feasibility of implementing a platform dedicated to characterizing the vehicles’ in-cabin air quality under controlled conditions. It allows a better understanding of the dynamics of particle infiltration and the establishment of an optimized protocol for simultaneous measurements of indoor and outdoor concentrations.

智能机舱验证平台设计与开发

智能机舱是近年来提出的概念,目前尚处于初级阶段,其功能,如数据采集、特征提取,以及故障诊断等的准确性尚缺乏规范性的验证手段。以某型内河船舶机舱动力系统为对象,基于NI LabVIEW软件平台和现场可编程门阵列硬件开发智能机舱验证平台,结合监测设备工作过程机理,按信号特征、通道,以及接口一致的原则,模拟输出柴油机、辅助发电机、齿轮箱和轴系等设备各类监测信号。通过开发的控制软件,可实现标准的、故障的和设备性能衰退的3类信号输出,为智能机舱系统数据采集、信号特征提取、监测诊断算法,以及健康状态评估算法的准确性和实时性提供验证平台。

基于支持向量机集成的船舶舱室温湿度预测

针对船舶舱室温湿度保持困难、数据难以预测的问题,提出了基于克隆选择算法的支持向量机集成方法。首先,利用克隆选择算法优化个体支持向量机,根据个体预测误差进行自适应集成;然后,对舱室温湿度时间序列数据样本化,采用支持向量机集成进行训练、测试;最后通过统计测试结果以及与BP神经网络、单支持向量机、GM(2,1)模型的预测误差对比发现,支持向量机集成模型可有效预测空调故障条件下船舶舱室温湿度的变化规律,为装备的使用和维护提供技术支持。

高灵敏微波载荷卫星出舱电缆及舱体屏蔽的EMC设计

针对高灵敏微波载荷卫星对舱板电磁屏蔽效能的高需求与出舱电缆对舱体屏蔽效能巨大破坏性之间的矛盾,文章首先提出航天器理想舱板(无出舱电缆)的电磁屏蔽效能分析方法,给出提高对于1 GHz以上干扰电磁波屏蔽效能的设计原则;然后分析出舱电缆成为影响航天器外舱板对P波段(150 MHz~1 GHz)电磁波屏蔽效能主要因素的机理,给出干扰电流与干扰场强关系计算公式;最后给出出舱电缆及舱体屏蔽的电磁兼容(EMC)设计方法,提出用接地电阻测量法验证出舱电缆屏蔽皮接地的有效性,为总体总装EMC实施找到关键控制手段,并通过整星试验数据确认此方法能有效提升整星EMC试验效率。

一种虚拟试验架构下的舱段结构建模与承载破坏模拟技术

在一种面向产品的飞行器结构强度虚拟试验架构下,发展经典材料弹塑性损伤本构和通用有限元技术,并基于Abaqus内置Python软件开发虚拟试验插件工具,创建飞行器舱段结构人机交互虚拟试验平台,形成了对舱段结构承载破坏过程进行高逼真度模拟的虚拟试验能力。采取逐级验模的精度确认技术,开展从试棒到舱段壳体的虚/实试验对比,验证舱段结构虚拟试验的可行性,结果显示:虚拟试验能对舱段结构的承载破坏情况做高逼真度的模拟,对极限承载能力的预示精度达到4.6%。

新一代快速部署方舱医院配套医疗设备的定制化设计方案

方舱医院被广泛用于灾害救援、战场救治、突发公共卫生事件防控等场景。目前,我国已进入第三代方舱医院的研制阶段。方舱医院的整体效能与配套医疗设备的性能直接相关。在研制阶段探讨方舱医院配套医疗设备的定制化设计方案,可保证医疗设备的配置与方舱医院的功能相匹配,从而更好地发挥方舱医院的整体效能。该研究针对方舱医院中占主体地位的急救设备、检验设备和影像设备,详细分析定制化设计方案。定制化设计的重点在于有限空间适应性、功能集成性、可快速部署、轻便性、抗震性、极端环境适用性、以及影像设备的低剂量高品质成像,并注重智能化功能融入。该研究可用于指导方舱医院配套医疗设备的定制化研制、选型及升级改造。

面向垃圾分类的全柔性多车舱车辆调度优化研究

垃圾分类运输是垃圾分类政策有效实施的重要环节。现有分类运输方法以单车舱专用车辆为主,易造成车辆资源浪费、垃圾收集点拥堵等问题。为此,本文引入能同时独立运输多种垃圾的多车舱车辆,依托我国垃圾收运实际情况,对车舱设置、收运模式等进行分析;以此为基础提出全柔性多车舱车辆路径问题(full flexible-MCVRP)及优化模型,并采用遗传算法进行求解。实际算例表明,与现有专用车辆分类调度方案相比,本文所给多车舱车辆调度方案总行驶路径更短,收运效率更高。进一步,针对几种典型城市生活区域,研究了垃圾分类占比对车舱分配方案的影响,为多车舱车辆设计提供参考。

舱外设备箱体模拟海洋大气环境中的加速腐蚀试验与结果分析

目的 研究模拟海洋大气环境对舱外设备箱体腐蚀行为的影响,为快速评价舱外设备箱体原材料、原结构、原表面技术状态改进优劣提供技术和方法支撑。方法 根据XX舱外设备箱体实际服役环境剖面、腐蚀损伤状况,制定含海水模拟、湿热、维护保养及检查阶段等3个模块的实验室模拟海洋大气环境加速谱,运用外观、扫描电镜(SEM)、金相显微镜、X射线能谱(EDS)等表征技术,研究设备箱体在12个循环周期的宏微观形貌和腐蚀产物元素含量分布,并对标准金属铝和钢的同步实验室试验与XX近海户外自然环境下的腐蚀效应进行对比。结果 12个循环周期结束后,底座铝合金严重腐蚀,呈现明显的晶间腐蚀,并产生大量腐蚀产物,腐蚀产物主要含有O、Na、Al、Si、Cl、Ca、Mn、Fe等元素,其腐蚀形貌及程度与实际服役5 a的底座一致。标准金属铝和钢加速试验120 d的腐蚀效应分别等效XX近海大气试验4.65 a和10.57 a。结论 海水模拟、湿热、维护保养及检查阶段等3个模块的实验室模拟循环试验能较好地模拟XX舱外设备箱体经历的环境,其腐蚀与实际服役环境下的腐蚀程度相近,实现了基于短期内完成3~5 a的海洋运行验证。

基于KANZI Studio的汽车虚拟仪表三维场景重构技术研究与实现

随着智能座舱技术的快速发展,针对现有汽车仪表场景重构的显示信息不全和效果不达标的问题,二维场景重构技术已无法满足虚拟仪表发展需要。该文利用KANZI Studio汽车HMI专用开发工具,提出了一种实现虚拟仪表三维场景重构效果的方法,并提出效果优化方案。经测试表明,该方法可以解决目前二维场景重构技术的不足,将三维场景重构研究引入到仪表显示端;另将开发周期减少至传统开发工具的50%,有效地降低了三维场景重构的开发难度,能够在保证30帧流畅运行的条件下满足功能要求,最终通过实车验证并在某量产车型上得到应用。

复杂地下工程施工风仓风量分配情况和局部阻力系数研究

为解决多掌子面且掌子面需风量间存在较大差异的地下工程施工通风节能问题,以多进出口隔板式风仓为对象,通过数值模拟方法,将进风量和隔板覆盖率作为自变量,研究风仓出风量分配情况和局部阻力系数。结果表明:(1)风仓出风量分配情况和局部阻力系数仅与风仓自身的结构形式有关,与进风量无关;(2)隔板式风仓出风管转角处会形成“三角状”高速区,隔板覆盖率越大,高速区内风流速度越快,高速区越短;(3)可通过改变隔板覆盖率,实现对风仓出风量的调节,并给出了风仓无隔板出风口出风量占比与隔板覆盖率之间的函数关系式;(4)风仓隔板覆盖率超过40%时,局部阻力系数会显著增加,并给出了隔板覆盖率与风仓各个出风口局部阻力系数的函数关系式,供后续研究和相关单位进行参考。

智能座舱方向盘收纳隐藏系统功能设计

随着汽车智能技术的发展,人们对驾乘体验的智能化需求日益增多,智能座舱和智能底盘是实现这一需求的关键总成。方向盘迎宾功能是智能座舱体现舒适性和体验性的核心功能,同时,未来高等级智能驾驶汽车实现完全自主驾驶后方向盘还应具有收纳隐藏功能,以进一步拓展良好的驾乘舒适性和体验性。文章研究一种既有传统方向盘迎宾功能,又有收纳隐藏功能的智能座舱方向盘收纳隐藏系统,通过对方向盘收纳隐藏系统的构成、工作原理、控制逻辑等方面的研究,进行方向盘收纳隐藏系统的功能设计,包括电动调节功能、迎宾功能、方向盘翻转功能、电调管柱长距离收纳功能、可拓展功能等,满足了未来智能线控转向系统中的路感模拟装置需具备收纳隐藏的新技术要求。

基于扩展TPB的客舱旅客非适应性疏散行为影响研究

为了研究客舱旅客非适应性疏散行为对疏散效率的影响及作用机理,引入认知程度、感知风险及感知价值3个变量,基于扩展TPB理论构建飞机旅客非适应性疏散行为意向模型,通过调查问卷收集数据并验证模型可行性。研究结果表明:知觉行为控制、主观规范和行为态度正向影响行为意向,感知风险、认知程度和感知价值间接影响行为意向,感知风险直接负向影响行为意向,认知程度和感知价值对行为意向无直接影响。研究结果可为飞机客舱紧急疏散提出针对性建议。

基于AHP-FCA的新能源游船休闲舱室布局评价研究

为了合理评价新能源游船休闲舱室的布局设计并筛选出最优布局方案。建立了基于层次分析法(AHP)和模糊综合评价法(FCA)相结合的评价模型。以新能源游船休闲舱室布局设计评估作为切入点,详细阐述评价指标体系、 AHP权重分析以及FCA评估决策流程,并应用于新能源游船实例分析中。通过对理论阐述和实例评估,验证该评价流程客观准确,为后期休闲舱室布局和优化提供了量化分析参考。

课程思政视域下民航服务类专业教学改革实践与探索——以“客舱应急处置训练”课程为例

提升航空服务能力是民航发展的根本要求和基本使命,《“十四五”民用航空发展规划》也对民航人才培养提出了更高的要求。在民航服务类专业教学中融入思政教育,能够很好地落实立德树人的根本任务。以“客舱应急处置训练”课程为例,在课程思政视域下,从教学现状、课程思政元素挖掘、教学实践策略3个方面,具体研究在专业课教学中自然融入思政教育的路径,培养德技并修的高素质专业人才,以期为民航服务类专业课程思政教学改革提供有益参考。