Resource utilization of hazardous gypsum sludge in oxidation smelting of lead concentrate

Gypsum sludge,a hazardous waste generated by the non-ferrous smelting industry,presents a significant challenge for disposal and utilization.To investigate the feasibility of substituting gypsum sludge for limestone as a flux for smelting,the effects of calcium sulfate(CaSO_(4))and smelting conditions on oxygen-rich smelting of lead concentrate were studied.The interaction between CaSO_(4)and sulfides facilitates the conversion of CaSO_(4)into CaO,which is crucial for slag formation.The order of the influence of sulfide minerals on the conversion of CaSO_(4)is pyrite>sphalerite>galena.When using gypsum sludge exclusively as the calcium source,under optimal conditions with a CaO/SiO_(2)mass ratio of 0.8,an FeO/SiO_(2)mass ratio of 1.2,a melting temperature of 1150℃,an oxygen flow rate of 1.3 L/min,the recovery rates of Pb and Zn in the lead-rich slag reached 85.01%and 95.69%,respectively,with a sulfur content of 2.65 wt%.The As content in the smelting slag obtained by reduction smelting was 0.02 wt%.Resource utilization of gypsum sludge in lead smelting is a feasible method.

Gypsum-based Silica Gel Humidity-controlling Composite Materials:Preparation,Characterization,and Performance

Gypsum was used as substrate,and silica gel was mixed into substrate at a certain mass ratio to prepare humidity-controlling composites;moreover,the moisture absorption and desorption properties of gypsum-based composites were compared with adding different silica gel particle size and proportion.The morphological characteristics,the isothermal equilibrium moisture content curve,moisture absorption and desorption rate,moisture absorption and desorption stability,and humidity-conditioning performance were tested and analyzed.The experimental results show that,compared with pure-gypsum,the surface structure of the gypsum-based composites is relatively loose,the quantity,density and aperture of the pores in the structure increase.The absorption and desorption capacity increase along with the increase of silica gel particle size and silica gel proportion.When 3 mm silica gel particle size is added with a mass ratio of 40%,the maximum equilibrium moisture content of humidity-controlling composites is 0.161 g/g at 98% relative humidity(RH),3.22 times that of pure-gypsum.The moisture absorption and desorption rates are increased,the equilibrium moisture absorption and desorption rates are 2.68 times and 1.61 times that of pure-gypsum at 58.5% RH,respectively.The gypsum-based composites have a good stability,which has better timely response to dynamic humidity changes and can effectively regulate indoor humidity under natural conditions.

Deterioration Reason and Improvement Measure of the Retarding Effect of Protein Retarder on Phosphorus Building Gypsum

The retarding effect of protein retarder on phosphorus building gypsum(PBG)and desulfurization building gypsum(DBG)was investigated,and the results show that protein retarder for DBG can effectively prolong the setting time and displays a better retarding effect,but for PBG shows a poor retarding effect.Furthermore,the deterioration reason of the retarding effect of protein retarder on PBG was investigated by measuring the pH value and the retarder concentration of the liquid phase from vacuum filtration of PBG slurry at different hydration time,and the measure to improve the retarding effect of protein retarding on PBG was suggested.The pH value of PBG slurry(<5.0)is lower than that of DBG slurry(7.8-8.5).After hydration for 5 min,the concentration of retarder in liquid phase of DBG slurry gradually decreases,but in liquid phase of PBG slurry continually increases,which results in the worse retarding effect of protein retarder on PBG.The liquid phase pH value of PBG slurry can be adjusted higher by sodium silicate,which is beneficial to improvement in the retarding effect of the retarder.By adding 1.0%of sodium silicate,the initial setting time of PBG was efficiently prolonged from 17 to 210 min,but little effect on the absolute dry flexural strength was observed.

New Data on Coal, Gypsum, Iron and Silica Sand Deposits and Geochemical Exploration (Pakistan): Revision of 25 Years History of Dinosaur Discoveries from Pakistan

Discoveries of many coal seams at depths by drilling carried by Geological Survey of Pakistan in Sor Range and Harnai Gochina, extended the coal seams at depth which is challenge for mine owners to exploit feasibly. Bed to bed gypsum samplings (and their chemical analyses) of huge gypsum deposits from Sulaiman foldbelt is a base for industrialist and also planers to develop cement and gypsum industries to increase export and foreign exchange for the development of area and Pakistan. Low and high grade sedimentary iron deposits, silica sand and uranium host rocks and their extensions in Sulaiman and Kirthar foldbelts are presented. Anomalies of a few base metals arise as a result of geochemical exploration carried at part of Loralai District of Balochistan. Theropod dinosaurs were frequent in India, while Poripuchian titanosaurs (Sauropoda, Dinosauria) were frequent in Pakistan. Besides some ichnotaxa, many bone taxa such as 1 titanosauriform, 14 titanosaurian sauropod (including one new titanosaur), and 3 theropod dinosaurs are established from Pakistan. Among these 12 titanosaur species and 3 theropod species are named in about 10 km2 area of Vitakri dome and 2 titanosaur species are named in about a few hundred square meter area of Mari Bohri (Kachi Bohri) which is about 10 km westward from Vitakri dome. Pakistan is a unique country which discoverd 14 diversified titanosaurs in a short area and also in a short period (67 - 66 million years ago/Ma). About 400 bones found from a few meter thick upper part of upper shale horizon of latest Maastrichtian Vitakri Formation which is base for titanosaur taxa. Cranial material is in low fraction (but include significant diverse snouts), caudal vertebrae are prominent, the cervicals, dorsals and sacrals have significant numbers, forelimb and hind limb bones have balanced fraction. Humeri, femora and tibiae are most common. To know the position of Pakistani titanosaurs among titanosaurs and sauropods, there is a need to extend list of characters for phylogenetic analyses. This broad feature list should include main characters of titanosaurs from Pakistan and also from global world.

Evolution and Application of Sealing Ability of Gypsum Caprocks under Temperature-Pressure Coupling:An Example of the ZS5 Well in the Tazhong Area of the Tarim Basin

Gypsum caprocks'sealing ability is affected by temperature-pressure coupling.Due to the limitations of experimental conditions,there is still a lack of triaxial stress-strain experiments that simultaneously consider changes in temperature and pressure conditions,which limits the accuracy of the comprehensive evaluation of the brittle plastic evolution and sealing ability of gypsum rocks using temperature pressure coupling.Triaxial stress-strain tests were utilized to investigate the differences in the evolution of the confinement capacity of gypsum rocks under coupled temperaturepressure action and isothermal-variable pressure action on the basis of sample feasibility analysis.According to research,the gypsum rock's peak and residual strengths decrease under simultaneous increases in temperature and pressure over isothermal pressurization experimental conditions,and it becomes more ductile.This reduces the amount of time it takes for the rock to transition from brittle to plastic.When temperature is taken into account,both the brittle–plastic transformation's depth limit and the lithological transformation of gypsum rocks become shallower,and the evolution of gypsum rocks under variable temperature and pressure conditions is more complicated than that under isothermal pressurization.The sealing ability under the temperature-pressure coupling is more in line with the actual geological context when the application results of the Well#ZS5 are compared.This provides a theoretical basis for precisely determining the process of hydrocarbon accumulation and explains why the early hydrocarbon were not well preserved.

Deep decalcification of factory-provided freezing acidolysis solution to achieveα-high-strength gypsum

The freezing acidolysis solution of the nitric acid-phosphate fertilizer process has a high calcium content,which makes it difficult to produce fine phosphate and high water-soluble phosphate fertilizer products.Here,based on the potential crystallization principle of calcium sulfate in NH_(4)NO_(3)-H_(3)PO_(4)-H_(2)O,the deep decalcification(i.e.calcium removal)technology to achieveα-high-strength gypsum originated from freezing acidolysis-solutions has been firstly proposed and investigated.Typically,calcium can be removed from the factory-provided freezing acidolysis-solution by neutralizing it with ammonia,followed by the addition of ammonium sulfate solution.As a result,the formation of calcium sulfate in the reaction system undergoes the nucleation and growth of CaSO_(4)·2H_(2)O(DH),as well as its dissolution and crystallization into short columnarα-CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O(α-HH).Remarkably,with the molar ratio of SO_(4)^(2-)/Ca^(2+)at 1.8,the degree of neutralization(NH_(3)/HNO_(3) molar ratio)at 1.7,the reaction temperature of 94℃,and the reaction time of 300 min,the decalcification rate can reach 86.89%,of which the high-strengthα-CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O(α-HH)will be obtained.Noteworthy,the deep decalcification product meets the standards for the production of fine phosphates and highly water-soluble phosphate fertilizers.Consequently,the 2 h flexural strength ofα-HH is 5.3 MPa and the dry compressive strength is 36.8 MPa,which is up to the standard of commercialα-HH.

Preparation of α-High Strength Gypsum from Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum Pretreated by Hydrothermal-aging Method

The synthesis of α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (α-CSH) from flue gas desulfurization (FGD)gypsum is a good way to realize the comprehensive utilization of FGD gypsum. To obtainα-CSH with the satisfactory performances, a facile hydrothermal-aging pretreatment process for FGD gypsum raw materials was proposed, where FGD gypsum was firstly hydrothermally converted to α-CSH whiskers, and α-CSH whiskers were further hydrated to synthesize CaSO4·2H2O (CSD) by aging under the regulation of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA). The effects of aging time, MBA addition, aging temperature, and pH on the morphology of the synthesized CSD were investigated. The synthesized CSD crystals exhibit highly uniform prismatic morphology with the length of ca 100μm and the whiteness of 91.56%. The regulation mechanism of MBA was also illustrated. The synthesized CSD crystals with prismatic morphology were further used as raw materials to synthesize the short columnar α-CSH. The absolute dry compressive strength of paste prepared from the short columnar α-CSH is 40.85 MPa, which reaches α40 strength grade.

Effect of integration of mechanical ball milling and flue gas desulfurization gypsum on dealkalization of bauxite residue

The synergistic impact of mechanical ball milling and flue gas desulfurization(FGD)gypsum on the dealkalization of bauxite residue was investigated through integrated analyses of solution chemistry,mineralogy,and microtopography.The results showed a significant decrease in Na_(2)O content(>30 wt.%)of FGD gypsum-treated bauxite residue after 30 min of mechanical ball milling.Mechanical ball milling resulted in differentiation of the elemental distribution,modification of the minerals in crystalline structure,and promotion in the dissolution of alkaline minerals,thus enhancing the acid neutralization capacity of bauxite residue.5 wt.%FGD gypsum combined with 30 min mechanical ball milling was optimal for the dealkalization of bauxite residue.

Effect of Low pH on Forming Process of Desulfurization Gypsum Composite Boards Strengthened by Melamine-formaldehyde Resin

Through exploring the effects of low pH on the composite system of desulfurization gypsum(DG)enhanced by melamine-formaldehyde resin(MF),it is found that the inducing of sulfate-ion,in contrast to chloride and oxalate ions,favors the longitudinal growth of the crystalline form of the hydration product,which was relatively simple and had the highest length to width(L/D)ratio.At the same time,MF can also improve L/D ratio of gypsum hydration products,which favors the formation of hydrated whiskers.Finally,in a composite system composed of hemihydrate gypsum,MF,and glass fibers,when dilute sulfuric acid was used to regulate pH=3-4,the tight binding formed among the components of the composite system compared to pH=5-6.The hydration product of gypsum adheres tightly to glass fiber surface and produces a good cross-linking and binding effect with MF.The flexural strength,compressive strength,elastic modulus,and water absorption of the desulphurized gypsum composite board is 22.7 MPa,39.8 MPa,5608 MPa,and 1.8%,respectively.

Efficacy of borneol-gypsum in skin regeneration and pain control in toxic epidermal necrolysis:A case report

BACKGROUND Toxic epidermal necrolysis(TEN)is a life-threatening dermatological emergency mainly induced by drug hypersensitivity reactions.Standard management includes discontinuation of culprit drug and application of immunomodulatory therapy.However,mortality remains high due to complications like septic shock and multiorgan failures.Innovative approaches for skin care are crucial.This report introduces borneol-gypsum,a traditional Chinese drug but a novel dressing serving as an adjuvant of TEN therapy,might significantly improve skin conditions and patient outcomes in TEN.CASE SUMMARY A 38-year-old woman diagnosed with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis experienced gangrenous complications and motor nerve involvement.After initial treatment of high-dose corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide,symptom of foot drop improved,absolute eosinophil counts decreased,while limb pain sustained.Duloxetine was added to alleviate her symptom.Subsequently,TEN developed.Additional topical application of borneol-gypsum dressing not only protected the skin lesions from infection but also significantly eased localized pain.This approach demonstrated its merit in TEN management by promoting skin healing and potentially reducing infection risks.CONCLUSION Borneol-gypsum dressing is a promising adjuvant that could significantly improve TEN management,skin regeneration,and patient comfort.

Research on the Performance of Titanium Gypsum Concrete Based on Calcium-Silicon-Sulfur Ratio

Based on the high sulfur content in titanium gypsum,the concept of the calcium-silicon-sulfur(Ca/Si/S)ratio was proposed.The Ca/Si/S ratio of concrete was adjusted by changing the titanium gypsum,fly ash,and cement con-tent.The effects of different Ca/Si/S ratios on the mechanical properties,hydration products,and concrete micro-structure were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance,uniaxial compression,and scanning electron microscopy.The result shows:(1)The compressive strength of concrete mixed with titanium gypsum increases first and then decreases with the Ca/Si/S ratio decrease.When the Ca/Si/S ratio is 1:0.85:0.10,the strength reaches the peak and is lower than the blank group.(2)The microstructure indicates the addition of titanium gypsum can effectively stimulate the activity of fly ash.Still,too much or too little titanium gypsum will hamper concrete strength development.(3)Titanium gypsum concrete’s nuclear magnetic resonance T2 spectrum has two characteristic peaks.With the Ca/Si/S ratio decreasing,the micropores in the concrete expand towards the macropores.The compressive strength is negatively correlated with the proportion of macropores and is positively correlated with the proportion of no-capillary pores.

Evaluation of Cobalt Application Combined with Gypsum and Compost as a Regulator of Cabbage Plant Tolerance to Soil Salinity

In response to the global food crisis and the imperative to address soil degradation, the international agricultural policy is actively working to alleviate the adverse impacts of soil salinity. As part of this initiative, a field trial spanning two consecutive seasons (2019/20-2020/21) was conducted under saline conditions. The primary objective was to evaluate the influence of various compost sources, including vermicompost at a rate of 0.5 ton·fed-1 and plant residues compost at a rate of 5.0 ton·fed-1, as main plots. Subplots were established by applying agricultural gypsum, both in the presence and absence of gypsum requirements. Additionally, sub-subplots were created by externally applying cobalt at a rate of 10.0 mg·L-1, with one sub-subplot receiving foliar cobalt application and the other not. The trial sought to assess the growth performance, chemical composition, enzymatic antioxidants, yield, and quality of cabbage plants (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) cultivated in saline soil. According to the findings, cabbage plants exhibited the most favorable response in terms of plant height, chlorophyll content, carotene levels, leaf area, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), head yield, vitamin C, and total dissolved solids (TDS) when treated with vermicompost, followed by plant compost. Conversely, plants grown without compost exhibited the least improvement in performance. Cabbage treated with agricultural gypsum requirements showed better performance than those without gypsum amendment. Moreover, plants subjected to cobalt spray demonstrated the highest growth, yield, and quality parameters compared to those without cobalt foliar application. In contrast, the control group (plants without the studied treatments) displayed the highest levels of enzymatic antioxidants, specifically catalase and peroxidase. This indicates that soil salinity stress led to an increase in catalase and peroxidase production in cabbage plants as a defense against the harmful impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting from soil salinity stress. The applied treatments (compost, gypsum, and cobalt) led to a reduction in the cabbage plant’s inherent production of catalase and peroxidase. Generally, the combined treatment of vermicompost × gypsum requirements × cobalt proved effective in mitigating the detrimental effects of soil salinity on cabbage plants. These findings hold significance for farmers and policymakers aiming to enhance agricultural productivity in regions affected by soil salinity. Additionally, further research can explore the long-term effects of these treatments on soil health and crop sustainability.

脱硫石膏制备α-半水石膏研究进展及应用

随着中国工业的不断发展,产生了大量的脱硫石膏,目前脱硫石膏的综合利用量虽在逐年增加,但其利用率却在降低,探寻脱硫石膏的高值化利用途径迫在眉睫,其中脱硫石膏资源化利用途径之一是将其脱水转化成α-半水石膏。利用脱硫石膏来制备高性能、高附加值的α-半水石膏,不仅能减轻石膏堆积对环境的污染,减少天然石膏的开采,还能带来新的经济效益。基于此,系统地综述了国内外脱硫石膏制备α-半水石膏的研究现状及影响因素,总结了其生产工艺路径及应用,并对推进脱硫石膏的减量化、资源化利用提出了展望,旨在提高固废利用率,促进“碳中和、碳减排”。

Tensile and tear-type fracture toughness of gypsum material:Direct and indirect testing methods

In this context,four specimens,i.e.(i)circumferentially notched cylindrical torsion(CNCT),(ii)circum-ferentially notched cylindrical direct tension(CNCDT),(iii)edge notch disc bend(ENDB)and(iv)three-point bend beam(3PBB),were utilized to measure the modesⅠandⅢfracture toughness values of gypsum.While the CNCT specimen provides pure modeⅢloading in a direct manner,this pure mode condition is indirectly produced by the ENDB specimen.The ENDB specimen provided lower KⅢc and a non-coplanar(i.e.twisted)fracture surface compared with the CNCT specimen,which showed a planar modeⅢfracture surface.The ENDB specimen is also employed for conducting pure modeⅠ(with different crack depths)and mixed modeⅠ/Ⅲtests.KIc value was independent of the notch depth,and it was consistent with the RILEM and ASTM standard methods.But the modeⅢfracture results were highly sensitive to the notch depth.While the fracture resistance against modeⅢwas significantly lower than that of modeⅠ,the greater work of fracture under modeⅢwas noticeable.

Fluoride Ion Adsorption Effect and Adsorption Mechanism of Self-Supported Adsorbent Materials Based on Desulfurization Gypsum-Aluminate Cement

The adsorption method has the advantages of low cost,high efficiency,and environmental friendliness in treating fluorinated wastewater,and the adsorbent material is the key.This study combines the inherent anion-exchange adsorption properties of layered double hydroxides(LDHs).Self-supported porous adsorbent materials loaded with AFm and AFt were prepared from a composite cementitious system consisting of calcium aluminate cement(CAC)and flue gas desulfurization gypsum(FGDG)by chemical foaming technique.The mineral composition of the adsorbent material was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Through the static adsorption experiment,the adsorption effect of the mineral composition of the adsorbent on fluoride ions was deeply analyzed,and the adsorption mechanism was revealed.XRD and SEM showed that the main hydration phases of the composite cementitious system consisting of CAC and FGDG are AFm,AFt,AH_(3),and CaSO_(4)·2H_(2)O.FGDG accelerates the hydration process of CAC and inhibits the transformation of AFt to AFm.The AFt content increased,and the AFm content decreased or even disappeared as the amount of FGDG increased.Static adsorption experiment results showed that AFm and AFt in adsorbent materials could significantly enhance the adsorption of fluoride ions.The adsorption of F^(−)in aqueous solution by PAG tends more towards monolayer adsorption with a theoretical maximum capacity of 108.70 mg/g and is similar to the measured value of 112.77 mg/g.

Roles of gypsum/salt-bearing sequence in hydrocarbon accumulation and storage

Gypsum/salt beds are widely developed in petroliferous basins across the world.Most basins with gypsum/salt beds have been proven to host abundant hydrocarbon resources.Previous studies on the effects of gypsum/salt beds on hydrocarbon reservoirs primarily focused on their excellent sealing property as cap rocks.However,an increasing number of exploration discoveries have shown that gypsum/salt beds have the potential to promote the formation of high-quality source rocks and hydrocarbon reservoirs.Gypsum/salt beds influence the generation,preservation and accumulation of hydrocarbons.Based on the systematic analysis of the generation of hydrocarbons in global gypsum/saltbearing sequences,the study discussed the control of gypsum/salt beds on play elements,and explore the relationship between the development of gypsum/salt beds and global large-and medium-scale hydrocarbon reservoirs.Furthermore,we analyzed the correlation between typical gypsum/saltbearing sequences and their hydrocarbon generation potentials in China.In-depth analysis shows three patterns in terms of the spatial superimposition of gypsum/salt beds and source rocks,that is,postsalt pattern,inter-salt pattern and pre-salt pattern.Among others,the source rocks of the inter-salt pattern are widely developed in salt basins and of great potential for hydrocarbon exploration.

NaCl溶液浓度对磷石膏制备α-半水石膏转晶行为的影响

为提高湿法磷酸工艺排放的副产品磷石膏的利用率和附加值,采用常压水热合成法在NaCl溶液中制备α-半水石膏材料,研究了NaCl溶液浓度对α-半水石膏的结晶水含量、转晶行为、矿相组成和显微形貌的影响。研究结果表明,在温度为95℃质量分数为10.0%~20.0%的NaCl溶液中,磷石膏的结晶水含量均随着反应时间的延长逐渐降低,且降至约6%后将逐渐趋于平缓。结合XRD和SEM分析认为磷石膏在95℃质量分数为10.0%~20.0%的NaCl溶液中可脱水转晶形成稳定的六方柱状α-半水石膏。同时,磷石膏的脱水转晶速率呈现先缓慢上升而后快速升高,最后逐渐趋于平缓的变化趋势,属于典型的生长-成核动力学过程。随着NaCl溶液浓度的升高,α-半水石膏的诱导成核时间和晶体生长时间逐渐加快,总转晶时间逐渐缩短。其中,磷石膏在质量分数为20.0%的NaCl溶液中水热反应0.5 h后即可完全转变为α-半水石膏,与质量分数为15.0%的NaCl溶液相比缩短了1.38 h。因此认为,NaCl溶液浓度的提高有助于加快磷石膏的脱水转晶效率,这可为实际规模化生产α-半水石膏提供指导。

磷建筑石膏矿渣水泥的水化过程与耐水性能

通过凝结时间、流动度、孔溶液pH值、抗折强度、抗压强度、吸水率、软化系数、水化热和水化产物分析测试,探究了磷建筑石膏(CPG)掺量对石膏矿渣水泥水化过程与耐水性能的影响.结果表明:随着CPG掺量的增加,石膏矿渣水泥的凝结时间缩短,流动度减小,吸水率与3 d水化累计放热量均增大;水泥净浆孔溶液的pH值在水化早期快速下降,56 d时保持不变;当CPG掺量从40%增加到70%时,56 d水泥净浆孔溶液的pH值从11.02减小到10.62,水泥胶砂的软化系数从0.98减小到0.91,主要水化产物均为二水石膏和钙矾石,并且钙矾石的含量随着CPG掺量的增加而减少.

脱硫石膏强度及耐水性改善方法研究综述

针对脱硫石膏强度及耐水性改善方法和改性机理做了系统的归纳与分析。详细阐述了水泥、各种矿物掺合料、有机硅防水剂以及其他有机乳液等对脱硫石膏及其复合胶凝材料的强度和耐水性的影响,对各种改性方法的作用机理、优点以及不足之处进行了讨论。结果表明:掺入适量的水泥和矿物掺合料时会生成水硬性产物,脱硫石膏的强度和耐水性得到一定的改善,但是掺入过量时会造成不利的影响;水泥、粉煤灰和脱硫石膏之间的比例变化会对胶凝体系的强度和耐水性产生较大的影响;有机硅防水剂可以在脱硫石膏表面形成一层疏水性薄膜,显著提升脱硫石膏的耐水性,当与矿物掺合料复合作用于脱硫石膏时可以得到更好的力学性能和耐水性能;其他类型的有机防水剂均能改善脱硫石膏的耐水性,但是大部分会改变脱硫石膏的晶体形貌,对脱硫石膏的强度和耐水性产生不利影响;目前脱硫石膏的改性材料都比较复杂,单独作用时综合性能不佳,需要进一步研究与探讨更加简单、有效的改性材料和方法。

CaCl_(2)和MgCl_(2)及其复合溶液制备α-半水石膏

为提高磷石膏的利用率和附加值,采用常压水热合成法以磷石膏为主要原材料制备α-半水石膏材料,主要研究不同质量分数的CaCl_(2)、MgCl_(2)及其复合溶液对磷石膏常压水热制备α-半水石膏脱水速率、物相组成和微晶形貌的影响。研究发现,磷石膏在95℃的CaCl_(2)溶液、MgCl_(2)溶液及CaCl_(2)-MgCl_(2)复合溶液中均可脱水转晶生成α-半水石膏。在CaCl_(2)溶液和MgCl_(2)溶液中,随着盐溶液浓度的增加,α-半水石膏的生成速率加快,其中经质量分数为35%的CaCl_(2)溶液反应4 h后或质量分数为25%的MgCl_(2)溶液反应1 h后,磷石膏可完全反应成α-半水石膏。在CaCl_(2)-MgCl_(2)复合溶液中,随着MgCl_(2)溶液浓度的增加,磷石膏的脱水转化速率逐渐加快,当CaCl_(2)质量分数≤19%和MgCl_(2)质量分数≥11%时,磷石膏水热反应1 h即可形成颗粒分布较为完整的α-半水石膏。