During the boreal summer,intraseasonal oscillations exhibit significant interannual variations in intensity over two key regions:the central-western equatorial Pacific(5°S-5°N,150°E-150°W)and the s...During the boreal summer,intraseasonal oscillations exhibit significant interannual variations in intensity over two key regions:the central-western equatorial Pacific(5°S-5°N,150°E-150°W)and the subtropical Northwestern Pacific(10°-20°N,130°E-175°W).The former is well-documented and considered to be influenced by the ENSO,while the latter has received comparatively less attention and is likely influenced by the Pacific Meridional Mode(PMM),as suggested by partial correlation analysis results.To elucidate the physical processes responsible for the enhanced(weakened)intraseasonal convection over the subtropical northwestern Pacific during warm(cold)PMM years,the authors employed a moisture budget analysis.The findings reveal that during warm PMM years,there is an increase in summer-mean moisture over the subtropical northwestern Pacific.This increase interacts with intensified vertical motion perturbations in the region,leading to greater vertical moisture advection in the lower troposphere and consequently resulting in convective instability.Such a process is pivotal in amplifying intraseasonal convection anomalies.The observational findings were further verified by model experiments forced by PMM-like sea surface temperature patterns.展开更多
本文基于Hadley中心的海表温度资料、全国160站气温资料以及National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research(NCEP/NCAR)的再分析资料,运用经验正交函数(empirical orthogonal function,EOF)...本文基于Hadley中心的海表温度资料、全国160站气温资料以及National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research(NCEP/NCAR)的再分析资料,运用经验正交函数(empirical orthogonal function,EOF)分解和相关分析等多种统计方法,研究了1951~2020年秋季(9~11月)北大西洋海温年际异常的主要特征及其对初冬(12月)我国气温异常的影响。结果表明:秋季北大西洋海温异常EOF的第一模态是纽芬兰岛东南部海温为负(正)距平,北大西洋副极地和副热带及其东部海温为正(负)距平的马蹄型海温模态,方差贡献率为20.5%。研究表明,秋季北大西洋马蹄型海温异常与我国大部分地区初冬气温异常有显著的正相关关系,即秋季北大西洋马蹄型海温模态呈正位相时,我国大部分地区初冬气温偏高,反之,我国大部分地区初冬气温偏低。进一步分析表明,秋季北大西洋马蹄型海温异常能够持续到初冬。当秋季北大西洋马蹄型海温呈正(负)位相时,初冬北大西洋副极地和副热带海温异常通过加热(冷却)异常能够引起局地对流层上层的辐散(辐合)运动,并且激发出南、北两支Rossby波列。其中,北支波列由北大西洋副极地向东北方向传播至巴伦支海附近,然后沿西伯利亚向东南方向传播至我国上空;南支波列由北大西洋副热带向东传播至我国上空。在南、北支波列的影响下,我国上空对流层上层出现异常辐合(辐散),与之伴随的异常下沉(上升)运动使得我国上空云量减少(增加),到达地表的短波辐射增加(减少),同时地表向低层大气传输的长波辐射增加(减少),在非绝热加热的作用下,我国大部分地区气温偏高(偏低)。利用NCAR Community Atmosphere Model version 5.3(CAM5.3)模式模拟了北大西洋马蹄型海温异常对初冬大气环流、辐射强迫和气温的影响,模拟结果与观测资料统计分析结果基本一致,进一步表明该海温模态能够激发出遥相关波列,影响东亚大气环流异常,通过非绝热加热的作用影响我国气温异常的年际变化。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 42088101]。
文摘During the boreal summer,intraseasonal oscillations exhibit significant interannual variations in intensity over two key regions:the central-western equatorial Pacific(5°S-5°N,150°E-150°W)and the subtropical Northwestern Pacific(10°-20°N,130°E-175°W).The former is well-documented and considered to be influenced by the ENSO,while the latter has received comparatively less attention and is likely influenced by the Pacific Meridional Mode(PMM),as suggested by partial correlation analysis results.To elucidate the physical processes responsible for the enhanced(weakened)intraseasonal convection over the subtropical northwestern Pacific during warm(cold)PMM years,the authors employed a moisture budget analysis.The findings reveal that during warm PMM years,there is an increase in summer-mean moisture over the subtropical northwestern Pacific.This increase interacts with intensified vertical motion perturbations in the region,leading to greater vertical moisture advection in the lower troposphere and consequently resulting in convective instability.Such a process is pivotal in amplifying intraseasonal convection anomalies.The observational findings were further verified by model experiments forced by PMM-like sea surface temperature patterns.
文摘本文基于Hadley中心的海表温度资料、全国160站气温资料以及National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research(NCEP/NCAR)的再分析资料,运用经验正交函数(empirical orthogonal function,EOF)分解和相关分析等多种统计方法,研究了1951~2020年秋季(9~11月)北大西洋海温年际异常的主要特征及其对初冬(12月)我国气温异常的影响。结果表明:秋季北大西洋海温异常EOF的第一模态是纽芬兰岛东南部海温为负(正)距平,北大西洋副极地和副热带及其东部海温为正(负)距平的马蹄型海温模态,方差贡献率为20.5%。研究表明,秋季北大西洋马蹄型海温异常与我国大部分地区初冬气温异常有显著的正相关关系,即秋季北大西洋马蹄型海温模态呈正位相时,我国大部分地区初冬气温偏高,反之,我国大部分地区初冬气温偏低。进一步分析表明,秋季北大西洋马蹄型海温异常能够持续到初冬。当秋季北大西洋马蹄型海温呈正(负)位相时,初冬北大西洋副极地和副热带海温异常通过加热(冷却)异常能够引起局地对流层上层的辐散(辐合)运动,并且激发出南、北两支Rossby波列。其中,北支波列由北大西洋副极地向东北方向传播至巴伦支海附近,然后沿西伯利亚向东南方向传播至我国上空;南支波列由北大西洋副热带向东传播至我国上空。在南、北支波列的影响下,我国上空对流层上层出现异常辐合(辐散),与之伴随的异常下沉(上升)运动使得我国上空云量减少(增加),到达地表的短波辐射增加(减少),同时地表向低层大气传输的长波辐射增加(减少),在非绝热加热的作用下,我国大部分地区气温偏高(偏低)。利用NCAR Community Atmosphere Model version 5.3(CAM5.3)模式模拟了北大西洋马蹄型海温异常对初冬大气环流、辐射强迫和气温的影响,模拟结果与观测资料统计分析结果基本一致,进一步表明该海温模态能够激发出遥相关波列,影响东亚大气环流异常,通过非绝热加热的作用影响我国气温异常的年际变化。
