INTERFACE BEHAVIOR AND DECAY RATES OF COMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES SYSTEM WITH DENSITY-DEPENDENT VISCOSITY AND A VACUUM

In this paper,we study the one-dimensional motion of viscous gas near a vacuum,with the gas connecting to a vacuum state with a jump in density.The interface behavior,the pointwise decay rates of the density function and the expanding rates of the interface are obtained with the viscosity coefficientμ(ρ)=ρ^(α)for any 0<α<1;this includes the timeweighted boundedness from below and above.The smoothness of the solution is discussed.Moreover,we construct a class of self-similar classical solutions which exhibit some interesting properties,such as optimal estimates.The present paper extends the results in[Luo T,Xin Z P,Yang T.SIAM J Math Anal,2000,31(6):1175-1191]to the jump boundary conditions case with density-dependent viscosity.

Generalized Quantum Measurement in Spin-Correlated Hyperon-Antihyperon Decays

The rapid developments of quantum information science(QIS)have opened up new avenues for exploring fundamental physics.Quantum nonlocality,a key aspect for distinguishing quantum information from classical one,has undergone extensive examinations in particles’decays through the violation of Bell-type inequalities.Despite these advancements,a comprehensive framework based on quantum information theory for particle interaction is still lacking.Trying to close this gap,we introduce a generalized quantum measurement description for decay processes of spin-1/2 hyperons.We validate this approach by aligning it with established theoretical calculations and apply it to the joint decay of ΛΛ pairs.We employ quantum simulation to observe the violation of Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt inequalities in η_(c)/χ_(c0)→ΛΛˉprocesses.Our generalized measurement description is adaptable and can be extended to a variety of high energy processes,including decays of vector mesons,J/ψ,ψ(2S)→ΛΛ,in the Beijing Spectrometer Ⅲ(BESⅢ)experiment at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider(BEPC).The methodology developed in this study can be applied to quantum correlation and information processing in fundamental interactions.

MINIMIZERS OF L^(2)-SUBCRITICAL VARIATIONAL PROBLEMS WITH SPATIALLY DECAYING NONLINEARITIES IN BOUNDED DOMAINS

This paper is concerned with the minimizers of L^(2)-subcritical constraint variar tional problems with spatially decaying nonlinearities in a bounded domain Ω of R~N(N≥1).We prove that the problem admits minimizers for any M> 0.Moreover,the limiting behavior of minimizers as M→∞ is also analyzed rigorously.

Decoding the fruit microbiome:A climate smart strategy to manage postharvest decays

There is an urgent necessity to shift our diets toward those rich in fruits and vegetables and at reduce postharvest losses of perishables.Approximately 20%-50%of fruits and vegetables are lost due to poor postharvest handling and pathogen infections in developing countries while it was estimated as 5%-35%in developed countries. Fresh fruits have evolved with a plethora of microorganisms having important roles in maintaining fruit health. However, little information is available on the dynamics, structure, and functional capacities of underpinning fruit microbiomes. The present review discussed environmental conditions favoring fruit-harbored antagonists and their different modes of action for suppressing postharvest pathogens in fruits. It also provides information on omics technologies such as next-generation sequencing (NGS),metaproteomics, metatranscriptomic, and metabolomics studies to characterize fruit microbiomes. With the advent of NGS and meta-omics technologies, microbiome research could bring remarkable development and understanding in succeeding biological treatments. In addition, they may provide us with a fundamental understanding of microclimate requirements for fruit microbiome establishment and microbiome shifts during post-harvest storage, which would be advantageous in developing composite biocontrol treatments for post-harvest decay management.

αDecay in extreme laser fields within a deformed Gamow-like model

In this study, the effect of extreme laser fields on the α decay process of ground-state even–even nuclei was investigated.Using the deformed Gamow-like model, we found that state-of-the-art lasers can cause a slight change in the α decay penetration probability of most nuclei. In addition, we studied the correlation between the rate of change of the α decay penetration probability and angle between the directions of the laser electric field and α particle emission for different nuclei. Based on this correlation, the average effect of extreme laser fields on the half-life of many nuclei with arbitrary α particle emission angles was calculated. The calculations show that the laser suppression and promotion effects on the α decay penetration probability of the nuclei population with completely random α particle-emission directions are not completely canceled.The remainder led to a change in the average penetration probability of the nuclei. Furthermore, the possibility of achieving a higher average rate of change by altering the spatial shape of the laser is explored. We conclude that circularly polarized lasers may be helpful in future experiments to achieve a more significant average rate of change of the α decay half-life of the nuclei population.

Structure and 2p decay mechanism of^(18)Mg

The recently discovered,extremely proton-rich nuclide 18 Mg exhibits ground-state decay via two sequential two-proton(2p)emissions through the intermediate nucleus,16Ne.This study investigates the structure and the initial 2p decay mechanism of^(18)Mgby examining the density and correlations of the valence protons using a three-body Gamow coupled-channel method.The results show that the ground state of^(18)Mgis significantly influenced by the continuum,resulting in a significant s-wave component.However,based on the current framework,this does not lead to a significant deviation in mirror symmetry in either the structure or spectroscopy of the 18Mg-18C pair.Additionally,the time evolution analysis of the^(18)Mgground state suggests a simultaneous 2p emission during the first step of decay.The observed nucleon-nucleon correlations align with those of the light-mass 2p emitters,indicating a consistent decay behavior within this nuclear region.

Study on the Influence of Setting Parameters of Tunnel Centralized Smoke Extraction System on Fire Smoke Flow and Temperature Decay

The centralized smoke exhaust system of shield tunnel is an important determinant for tunnel fire safety,and the use of different design parameters of the tunnel smoke exhaust system will affect the smoke exhaust effect in the tunnel,and the influence of different design parameters on the smoke exhaust effect and temperature attenuation of the tunnel can help engineers in designing a more effective centralized smoke exhaust system for the tunnel.In this paper,the Fire Dynamic Simulator(FDS)is utilized to examine smoke exhaust vent settings for a centralized exhaust system in shield tunnel with both flat and sloped conditions,including slopes of+4.5%and−4.5%,under a 30MWfire power with a 150m^(3)/s smoke exhaust rate.The results suggest that maintaining a vent spacing of 60m and a vent size of 4.0 m×1.5 m is a reasonable configuration for centralized smoke exhaust systems in both flat and slope shield tunnels.This choice helpsminimize construction costs and prevent excessive smoke accumulation.It also promotes favorable conditions for maintaining temperature distribution at 2-m height,visibility,smoke spread distance,and temperature below the ceiling,all below the threshold values,while ensuring high smoke extraction efficiency.However,in the slope section,the chimney effect can disrupt exhaust efficiency,visibility,ceiling temperature,and temperature distribution at a height of 2 m.Employing different opening methods,such as having 2 vents up and 4 vents down in a+4.5%slope and 4 vents up and 2 vents down in a−4.5%slope,can help mitigate these effects.Furthermore,the temperature decay formula for shield tunnels follows a bi-exponential decay pattern,and different design parameters of centralized smoke exhaust systems have minimal effects on temperature decay in shield tunnels.

Microbial Growth and Decay: A Commented Review of the Model

The paper reviews previous publications and reports some comments about a semi empirical model of the growth and decay process of a planktonic microbial culture. After summarizing and reshaping some fundamental mathematical expressions, the paper highlights the reasons for the choice of a suitable time origin that makes the parameters of the model self-consistent. Besides the potential applications to predictive microbiology studies and to effects of bactericidal drugs, the model allows a suitable proxy of the fitness of the microbial culture, which can be of interest for the studies on the evolution across some thousand generations of a Long Term Evolution Experiment.

Inhibiting Voltage Decay in Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode:From O3-Type to O2-Type Structural Design

Li-rich layered oxide(LRLO)cathodes have been regarded as promising candidates for next-generation Li-ion batteries due to their exceptionally high energy density,which combines cationic and anionic redox activities.However,continuous voltage decay during cycling remains the primary obstacle for practical applications,which has yet to be fundamentally addressed.It is widely acknowledged that voltage decay originates from the irreversible migration of transition metal ions,which usually further exacerbates structural evolution and aggravates the irreversible oxygen redox reactions.Recently,constructing O2-type structure has been considered one of the most promising approaches for inhibiting voltage decay.In this review,the relationship between voltage decay and structural evolution is systematically elucidated.Strategies to suppress voltage decay are systematically summarized.Additionally,the design of O2-type structure and the corresponding mechanism of suppressing voltage decay are comprehensively discussed.Unfortunately,the reported O2-type LRLO cathodes still exhibit partially disordered structure with extended cycles.Herein,the factors that may cause the irreversible transition metal migrations in O2-type LRLO materials are also explored,while the perspectives and challenges for designing high-performance O2-type LRLO cathodes without voltage decay are proposed.

Estimation of Landfill Gas and Its Renewable Energy Potential from the Polesgo Controlled Landfill Using First-Order Decay (FOD) Models

Methane generation in landfills and its inadequate management represent the major avoidable source of anthropogenic methane today. This paper models methane production and the potential resources expected (electrical energy production and potential carbon credits from avoided CH4 emissions) from its proper management in a municipal solid waste landfill located in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The modeling was carried out using two first-order decay (FOD) models (LandGEM V3.02 and SWANA) using parameters evaluated on the basis of the characteristics of the waste admitted to the landfill and weather data for the site. At the same time, production data have been collected since 2016 in order to compare them with the model results. The results obtained from these models were compared to experimental one. For the simulation of methane production, the SWANA model showed better consistency with experimental data, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.59 compared with the LandGEM model, which obtained a coefficient of 0.006. Thus, despite the low correlation values linked to the poor consistency of experimental data, the SWANA model models methane production much better than the LandGEM model. Thus, despite the low correlation values linked to the poor consistency of the experimental data, the SWANA model models methane production much better than the LandGEM V3.02 model. It was noted that the poor consistency of the experimental data justifies these low coefficients, and that they can be improved in the future thanks to ongoing in situ measurements. According to the SWANA model prediction, in 27 years of operation a biogas plant with 33% electrical efficiency using biogas from the Polesgo landfill would avoid 1,340 GgCO2e. Also, the evaluation of revenues due to electricity and carbon credit gave a total revenue derived from methane production of US$27.38 million at a cost of US$10.5/tonne CO2e.

Blow-Up and Decay Estimate in a Logarithmic p-Laplace Parabolic Equation

This paper deals with an initial-boundary value problem of a fourth-order parabolic equation involving Logarithmic type p-Laplacian,which could be proposed as a model for the epitaxial growth of thin films.By using the variational method and the logarithmic type Sobolev inequality,we give some threshold results for blow-up solutions and global solutions,which could be classified by the initial energy.The asymptotic estimates about blow-up time and decay estimate of weak solutions are obtained.

Calculation of Particle Decay Times in the Standard Model

We present here a two-step method of classification and calculation for decay rates in the Standard Model. The first step is a phenomenological classification method, which is an extended and improved schematic experimental formula for decay width originally introduced by Chang. This schematic formula separates decays into seven classes. Furthermore, from it is derived a process-specific interaction energy mX. The second step is a numerical calculation method, which calculates this interaction energy mX numerically by minimization of action from the Lagrangian of the process, from which follows the decay width via the phenomenological formula. The Lagrangian is based on an extension of the Standard Model, the extended SU(4)-preon-model. A comparison of numerically calculated and observed decay widths for a large selection of decays shows a good agreement.

General Decay Synchronization of Competitive Fuzzy Neural Networks Involving Time Delays and Right-Hand Discontinuous Activation

This paper discusses the general decay synchronization problem for a class of fuzzy competitive neural networks with time-varying delays and discontinuous activation functions. Firstly, based on the concept of Filippov solutions for right-hand discontinuous systems, some sufficient conditions for general decay synchronization of the considered system are obtained via designing a nonlinear feedback controller and applying discontinuous differential equation theory, Lyapunov functional methods and some inequality techniques. Finally, one numerical example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results. The general decay synchronization considered in this article can better estimate the convergence rate of the system, and the exponential synchronization and polynomial synchronization can be seen as its special cases.

Global Existence and Decay of Solutions for a Class of a Pseudo-Parabolic Equation with Singular Potential and Logarithmic Nonlocal Source

This article investigates the well posedness and asymptotic behavior of Neumann initial boundary value problems for a class of pseudo-parabolic equations with singular potential and logarithmic nonlinearity. By utilizing cut-off techniques and combining with the Faedo Galerkin approximation method, local solvability was established. Based on the potential well method and Hardy Sobolev inequality, derive the global existence of the solution. In addition, we also obtained the results of decay.

NMD系统对抗过程三维可视化关键技术研究

在NMD系统对抗仿真过程中,针对三维可视化表现方面宏微观结合、多实体、远距离和非平面多局部坐标系统一的需求,提出了一种适应上述需求的Globalview表现方式,设计了系统的场景图组织结构和可视化系统体系结构,并对NMD系统对抗过程中可视化效果实现的关键技术进行了详细介绍。

基于NMDS方法的大都市居民对当地高级别旅游区(点)的认知研究——来自上海市4A级与5A级旅游区(点)的调查分析

本文通过问卷调查获得数据,运用NMDS方法研究了上海市居民对上海市4A与5A旅游区(点)的认知。空间定位图分析发现,在居民的认知中上海市17家高级别旅游区(点)被聚合为三大竞争组群,即现代文博类旅游区(点)组群、现代城市风貌类旅游区(点)组群、古风貌类旅游区(点)与动植物公园类旅游区(点)组群。特征属性和旅游区(点)之间的配适分析与水平距离分析发现,在上述旅游区(点)中,居民对前两者的评价较高,对后者的评价较低。针对上述结论,本文提出了发展建议。

NMD作战管理仿真模型框架设计

针对美国国家导弹防御系统NMD(nationalmissiledefence)的发展现状,重点分析了NMD作战管理系统模型的行为过程以及与其它系统模型的接口关系,设计了作战管理系统的模型体系框架,提出了将系统的行为过程描述和功能描述相分离的建模思路。

NMD作用的顺式调控元件

真核生物利用无义介导的mRNA降解 (nonsense mediatedmRNAdecay ,NMD) ,对含有提前终止密码子(prematureterminationcodons ,PTC)的异常转录产物进行快速清除 ,防止毒害性截短蛋白 (truncatedproteins)的产生 ,是真核生物重要的mRNA监视机制。NMD作用的启动与多种顺式调控元件有关 ,它们包括 :提前终止密码子的标识 ;PTC下游特定位置的序列元件 ,在酵母细胞称为DSE (downstreamsequenceelement,DSE) ,在哺乳动物细胞主要为内含子剪接依赖性序列元件 (exon exonjunction ,EEJ) ;稳定作用元件 (stabilizerelements ,STE)对NMD作用的阻抑调节 ;以及其他与NMD作用相关的序列 ,如 poly(A)延长、5′ UTR的uORF(upstreamopenreadingframe ,uORF)和程序化核糖体移码 (programmed 1ribosomalframeshift, 1PRF)信号序列等。

分子膜NMD膜驱剂的性能测试

分子膜驱油已成为提高采收率的一种新方法。为了深入认识其驱油机理,实验测定了两种NMD膜驱剂样品,并进行了讨论。NMD-100为阳离子度100%的分子侧链上含有—OH的梳型有机聚季铵盐,NMD-200为阳离子度24%的侧链上含有—OH的有机聚季铵盐。结果表明:NMD膜驱剂没有表面活性,不是表面活性剂;NMD膜驱剂能改变表面润湿性,可使水湿表面载玻片(相对接触角为48.25°)转变为弱水湿(800 mg/L的NMD-100和NMD-200溶液的相对接触角分别为39.167°和42.833°),可将油湿表面载玻片(99.583°)转变为弱水湿(分别为36.333°和49°)。NMD膜驱剂没有cm c。盐(NaC l)的加入对改变表面润湿性更为有利。NMD膜驱剂的强烈吸附作用改变了砂岩表面的性质,引起原存在状态的变化,从而有利于原油的采出,注入NMD-200后,水驱采收率由31.4%上升到38.6%,而注入NMD-100膜剂后,水驱采收率由38.6%上升到48.1%。NMD-100膜驱剂能更好地改变岩石表面润湿性和提高水驱采收率。

NMD机制及其对人类遗传病的治疗意义

无义介导的mRNA降解机制(nonsense-mediated mRNA decay,NMD)是真核细胞内重要的RNA质量监控机制,能够识别并降解含有提前终止子(premature termination codon,PTC)的mRNA,避免细胞内积累有害的截短蛋白质产物。同时,NMD机制还调控着大量不含PTC的mRNA稳定性,影响其蛋白质产物的含量。现综述了NMD机制的底物、调控因子及其对人类遗传病治疗意义的最新研究进展。