Hierarchical Decision Maker in Hybrid Control Systems

A hybrid control system is composed of three boxes which are analogous box, digital time box and decision maker box. A hierarchical structure of decision maker in hybrid control systems is presented in this paper, which is that decision maker consists of two components, i.e., policy decision and coordination. Policy decision can design coordination and digital time box. And policy decision consists of two parts, i.e., steady policy decision and transient policy decision. In general,steady policy decision corresponds to steady requirements and transient policy decision corresponds to transient requirements in systems. A chemical concentration control system severs an illustrative example to show the features of the hierarchical decision maker.

Global Community of Disaster Risk Reduction Scientists and Decision Makers Endorse a Science and Technology Partnership to Support the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030

At the first gathering of its kind on the role of science in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030,over 750 scientists,policymakers,business people,and practitioners met in Geneva from January 27–29,2016.The UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 fea-

DIP-MOEA:a double-grid interactive preference based multi-ob jective evolutionary algorithm for formalizing preferences of decision makers

The final solution set given by almost all existing preference-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithms(MOEAs)lies a certain distance away from the decision makers’preference information region.Therefore,we propose a multi-ob jective optimization algorithm,referred to as the double-grid interactive preference based MOEA(DIPMOEA),which explicitly takes the preferences of decision makers(DMs)into account.First,according to the optimization ob jective of the practical multi-ob jective optimization problems and the preferences of DMs,the membership functions are mapped to generate a decision preference grid and a preference error grid.Then,we put forward two dominant modes of population,preference degree dominance and preference error dominance,and use this advantageous scheme to update the population in these two grids.Finally,the populations in these two grids are combined with the DMs’preference interaction information,and the preference multi-ob jective optimization interaction is performed.To verify the performance of DIP-MOEA,we test it on two kinds of problems,i.e.,the basic DTLZ series functions and the multi-ob jective knapsack problems,and compare it with several different popular preference-based MOEAs.Experimental results show that DIP-MOEA expresses the preference information of DMs well and provides a solution set that meets the preferences of DMs,quickly provides the test results,and has better performance in the distribution of the Pareto front solution set.

Distributed blackboard decision-making framework for collaborative planning based on nested genetic algorithm

A distributed blackboard decision-making framework for collaborative planning based on nested genetic algorithm （NGA） is proposed. By using blackboard-based communication paradigm and shared data structure, multiple decision-makers （DMs） can collaboratively solve the tasks-platforms allocation scheduling problems dynamically through the coordinator. This methodo- logy combined with NGA maximizes tasks execution accuracy, also minimizes the weighted total workload of the DM which is measured in terms of intra-DM and inter-DM coordination. The intra-DM employs an optimization-based scheduling algorithm to match the tasks-platforms assignment request with its own platforms. The inter-DM coordinates the exchange of collaborative request information and platforms among DMs using the blackboard architecture. The numerical result shows that the proposed black- board DM framework based on NGA can obtain a near-optimal solution for the tasks-platforms collaborative planning problem. The assignment of platforms-tasks and the patterns of coordination can achieve a nice trade-off between intra-DM and inter-DM coordination workload.

主动脉夹层手术决策辅助工具的构建与应用研究

目的构建主动脉夹层手术决策辅助工具,提高主动脉夹层患方决策者的决策质量。方法通过文献分析、专家函询、用户调适等形成主动脉夹层决策辅助工具,于2022年8-10月将心脏大血管外科主动脉夹层手术的患方决策者按病区分为对照组和干预组各35例。对照组行常规健康宣教及术前谈话,干预组在此基础上使用决策辅助工具。比较两组出院前决策冲突、决策准备度、决策满意度。结果主动脉夹层决策辅助工具包含4项一级指标,9项二级指标,31项三级指标。干预组决策冲突得分显著低于对照组,决策准备度及满意度得分显著高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论主动脉夹层手术决策辅助工具具有科学性和实用性,可以减轻患方决策者决策冲突,提高决策质量,实现医患共享决策。

晚期癌症患者代理决策者预立医疗照护计划参与现状及影响因素研究

目的 调查晚期癌症患者代理决策者预立医疗照护计划参与现状,并分析其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取某肿瘤医院375名晚期癌症患者代理决策者作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、代理决策者预立医疗照护计划参与问卷、预期性悲伤量表及决策冲突量表进行调查。结果 晚期癌症患者代理决策者预立医疗照护计划参与均分为(2.99±0.60)分;多元线性回归分析显示,文化程度、是否有照顾临终患者经历、预期性悲伤、决策冲突是晚期癌症患者代理决策者预立医疗照护计划参与的主要影响因素(P<0.01)。结论 晚期癌症患者代理决策者预立医疗照护计划参与处于中等水平。建议护理工作者针对低学历、无照顾临终患者经历、预期性悲伤水平高、决策冲突水平高的晚期癌症患者代理决策者给予医疗信息支持,为决策者提供决策辅助工具,加大预立医疗照护计划的宣传力度,以提高决策者对姑息治疗与安宁疗护的认知。

The effect of individual factors on user behaviour and the moderating role of trust: an empirical investigation of consumers’ acceptance of electronic banking in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

The popularity of self-service technologies,particularly in the banking industry,more precisely with electronic banking channel services,has undergone a major change as individuals’lifestyles develop.This change has affected individuals’decisions about accepting any new Information Technology,and Information Communications Technology services that are electronically mediated,for example,E-Banking channel services.This study investigates the effect of Individual Factors on User Behaviour,and the moderating role of Trust in the relationship between Individual Factors,and User Behaviour based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology.This research proposes a model,with a second-order components research framework.It improves current explanations of the acceptance of electronic banking channel services.Furthermore,this study highlights the role of trust on the acceptance of electronic banking channel services,which is the most crucial consideration in customers’decisions to accept electronic banking channels services.Thus,trust is the spine of the system in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.Data were collected using an online questionnaire that received 476 valid responses from academic staff who work at the University of Sulaimani.The model tested data using the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling approach.The results show that Individual Factors have a positive effect on User Behaviour.Besides,results show that trust moderates the relationship between Individual Factors and User Behaviour.

An Interactive Displaced Tolerant Value Procedure (IDTV)

The purpose of this research is to reduce requirements for decision maker (DM)to supply preference information during the interactive multiojective decisionmaking process. By introducing a concept of displaced tolerant value, a newalsorithm (called IDTV) is presented. It allows the DM to choose convenientways and contents of supplying necessary information according to differentconditions. A detailed dexseription of the algorithm is provided and a numericalexample is also given to illustrate the procedure described.