Stress-assisted corrosion mechanism of 3Ni steel by using gradient boosting decision tree machining learning method

Traditional 3Ni weathering steel cannot completely meet the requirements for offshore engineering development,resulting in the design of novel 3Ni steel with the addition of microalloy elements such as Mn or Nb for strength enhancement becoming a trend.The stress-assisted corrosion behavior of a novel designed high-strength 3Ni steel was investigated in the current study using the corrosion big data method.The information on the corrosion process was recorded using the galvanic corrosion current monitoring method.The gradi-ent boosting decision tree(GBDT)machine learning method was used to mine the corrosion mechanism,and the importance of the struc-ture factor was investigated.Field exposure tests were conducted to verify the calculated results using the GBDT method.Results indic-ated that the GBDT method can be effectively used to study the influence of structural factors on the corrosion process of 3Ni steel.Dif-ferent mechanisms for the addition of Mn and Cu to the stress-assisted corrosion of 3Ni steel suggested that Mn and Cu have no obvious effect on the corrosion rate of non-stressed 3Ni steel during the early stage of corrosion.When the corrosion reached a stable state,the in-crease in Mn element content increased the corrosion rate of 3Ni steel,while Cu reduced this rate.In the presence of stress,the increase in Mn element content and Cu addition can inhibit the corrosion process.The corrosion law of outdoor-exposed 3Ni steel is consistent with the law based on corrosion big data technology,verifying the reliability of the big data evaluation method and data prediction model selection.

Impact Damage Testing Study of Shanxi-Beijing Natural Gas Pipeline Based on Decision Tree Rotary Tiller Operation

The North China Plain and the agricultural region are crossed by the Shanxi-Beijing natural gas pipeline.Resi-dents in the area use rototillers for planting and harvesting;however,the depth of the rototillers into the ground is greater than the depth of the pipeline,posing a significant threat to the safe operation of the pipeline.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the dynamic response of rotary tillers impacting pipelines to ensure the safe opera-tion of pipelines.This article focuses on the Shanxi-Beijing natural gas pipeline,utilizingfinite element simulation software to establish afinite element model for the interaction among the machinery,pipeline,and soil,and ana-lyzing the dynamic response of the pipeline.At the same time,a decision tree model is introduced to classify the damage of pipelines under different working conditions,and the boundary value and importance of each influen-cing factor on pipeline damage are derived.Considering the actual conditions in the hemp yam planting area,targeted management measures have been proposed to ensure the operational safety of the Shanxi-Beijing natural gas pipeline in this region.

基于Decision Trees的配电网中性点不接地系统选线

针对配电网中性点不接地系统,使用录波数据解决单相接地选线不准的难题,提出了基于Decision Trees算法进行单相接地选线的方法.使用PSCAD仿真10kV配电网单相接地故障得到录波数据,转换成通用格式,提取稳态数据并进行预处理,通过对比多个机器学习分类算法,选择基于Decision Trees算法进行单相接地选线.选择的Decision Trees算法训练准确度高达99.99%,且模型小,训练速度快.将训练后的模型导出,使用实际的故障录波数据进行验证,选线准确度高达95%以上.结果表明该方法易于实现,准确度高,适合在实际中应用.

改进灰狼算法优化GBDT在PM_(2.5)预测中的应用

针对灰狼算法易陷入局部最优解和全局搜索能力不足的问题,通过霍尔顿序列(Halton Sequence)搜索算法初始化狼群位置,避免灰狼算法陷入局部最优解和重复运算;引入莱维飞行和随机游动策略对灰狼算法的寻优过程进行优化,以增加算法的全局搜索能力;利用粒子群算法模拟灰狼种群得出的最佳适应度以用于惩罚项改进灰狼算法中的头狼更新策略。使用改进算法优化的梯度提升树(Gradient Boosting Decision Trees,GBDT)模型对北京市大气污染物监测数据中PM_(2.5)质量浓度进行预测,采用3种评估函数对各模型以及混合模型预测效果得分进行评估。结果显示,本文改进的灰狼算法对梯度提升树的优化效果优于其他算法,均方根误差E RMS为6.65μg/m^(3),平均绝对值误差E MA为3.20μg/m^(3),拟合优度(R^(2))为99%,比传统灰狼算法优化结果的均方根误差减少了19.19μg/m^(3),平均绝对值误差降低了10.03μg/m^(3),拟合优度增加了9百分点;与霍尔顿序列和莱维飞行改进的(Levy Flight-Halton Sequence,LHGWO)相比,改进的灰狼算法预测得分的均方根误差降低了10.39μg/m^(3),平均绝对值误差减小了6.71μg/m^(3),拟合优度提高了5百分点。研究表明了预测模型优化的有效性,为未来城市改善空气质量提供了科学依据和技术支持。

基于GBDT算法的基桩竖向承载力预测方法

目的为研究支撑-半刚接钢框架结构体系的抗震性能,方法设计了一榀由嵌套式单边螺栓与T型钢构成的半刚性梁柱节点的中心支撑钢框架,并进行了拟静力试验与有限元数值模拟,通过观测整个试验现象,分析了其滞回、承载力、刚度退化、耗能等抗震指标。结果结果表明:试件破坏过程明显经历了弹性段、塑性段、破坏段三个阶段,试件破坏模式主要为支撑受压失稳破坏,塑性变形主要累积在支撑体系上,整体呈现延性破坏特征;支撑断裂后,梁柱及T型钢节点无明显塑性变形,钢框架仍具有较高的安全储备,符合“强节点、弱构件”设计原则,表明了结构具有两道抗震防线;结论支撑与半刚接钢框架协同工作使得试件具有较高的抗侧刚度抵抗水平变形,且承载力较高、滞回性能稳定、耗能能力优良;单边螺栓在试验过程中的受力性能较普通高强螺栓并无较大差别,未出现严重的预紧力松弛现象,并能高效的保持螺栓预紧力。通过有限元数值模拟分析可知,减小支撑长细比,虽能有效提高结构的抗震性能,但长细比较小会导致支撑刚度增大,加速其余构件的损坏。故应以考虑结构的延性为前提,降低支撑的长细比,才能有效提高结构的抗震性能。

基于聚类和GBDT的镀锌钢卷力学性能预测

热镀锌钢卷力学性能影响因素之间关系复杂,限制了模型精度的提升。采用k-means算法利用化学成分属性对镀锌钢卷数据集进行聚类,将数据聚成三种模式簇实现样本的优选。利用梯度提升树算法,开展各模式数据集与不划分模式的全数据集下的力学性能建模研究,最后结合网格搜索与交叉验证方法进行模型参数优化。研究结果表明,分模式下模型MAE误差相比于全数据集建模平均减小0.85 MPa。参数优化后,各模式下MAE误差平均减少5.19 MPa,RMSE误差平均减少3.63 MPa,提高了预测模型精度。

A Data-Driven Oil Production Prediction Method Based on the Gradient Boosting Decision Tree Regression

Accurate prediction ofmonthly oil and gas production is essential for oil enterprises tomake reasonable production plans,avoid blind investment and realize sustainable development.Traditional oil well production trend prediction methods are based on years of oil field production experience and expertise,and the application conditions are very demanding.With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,big data analysis methods are gradually applied in various sub-fields of the oil and gas reservoir development.Based on the data-driven artificial intelligence algorithmGradient BoostingDecision Tree(GBDT),this paper predicts the initial single-layer production by considering geological data,fluid PVT data and well data.The results show that the GBDT algorithm prediction model has great accuracy,significantly improving efficiency and strong universal applicability.The GBDTmethod trained in this paper can predict production,which is helpful for well site optimization,perforation layer optimization and engineering parameter optimization and has guiding significance for oilfield development.

Research on the Intelligent Distribution System of College Dormitory Based on the Decision Tree Classification Algorithm

The trend toward designing an intelligent distribution system based on students’individual differences and individual needs has taken precedence in view of the traditional dormitory distribution system,which neglects the students’personality traits,causes dormitory disputes,and affects the students’quality of life and academic quality.This paper collects freshmen's data according to college students’personal preferences,conducts a classification comparison,uses the decision tree classification algorithm based on the information gain principle as the core algorithm of dormitory allocation,determines the description rules of students’personal preferences and decision tree classification preferences,completes the conceptual design of the database of entity relations and data dictionaries,meets students’personality classification requirements for the dormitory,and lays the foundation for the intelligent dormitory allocation system.

基于GBDT的望奎县农田土壤有机碳主控因子研究

利用多源公开数据,针对于2012年搜集到的农田土壤有机碳(SOC)数据,通过梯度增强决策树(GBDT)探究SOC的主控因子,揭示SOC空间分异机理.选择国家商品粮食生产基地县和全国产量大县-望奎县作为研究区域,结果表明,GBDT模型相较于一元线性回归模型在所有的自变量上均具有更好的预测效果,总体的R^(2)为0.958,表明该模型能够很好地解释目标变量的变异;碱解氮、有效磷、气温、土壤微生物多样性、速效钾、土壤pH和降水量依次是影响有机碳含量最为显著的几个因素,其中碱解氮以33.85%的影响权重位居最高;7个环境协变量均观察到对SOC的阈值效应,且均具有两个阈值.研究发现任意两个变量都不是独立的,均存在相互作用的负值效应.表明环境变量对SOC含量的影响是一个复杂的交互作用,而不是简单的叠加.侧面证明了过度施肥并不会达到增加土壤肥力的作用,而会造成资源浪费和农田生态污染问题.

Self-Tuning Parameters for Decision Tree Algorithm Based on Big Data Analytics

Big data is usually unstructured, and many applications require theanalysis in real-time. Decision tree (DT) algorithm is widely used to analyzebig data. Selecting the optimal depth of DT is time-consuming process as itrequires many iterations. In this paper, we have designed a modified versionof a (DT). The tree aims to achieve optimal depth by self-tuning runningparameters and improving the accuracy. The efficiency of the modified (DT)was verified using two datasets (airport and fire datasets). The airport datasethas 500000 instances and the fire dataset has 600000 instances. A comparisonhas been made between the modified (DT) and standard (DT) with resultsshowing that the modified performs better. This comparison was conductedon multi-node on Apache Spark tool using Amazon web services. Resultingin accuracy with an increase of 6.85% for the first dataset and 8.85% for theairport dataset. In conclusion, the modified DT showed better accuracy inhandling different-sized datasets compared to standard DT algorithm.

Recognition of Hybrid PQ Disturbances Based on Multi-Resolution S-Transform and Decision Tree

Aiming at the problems of multiple types of power quality composite disturbances,strong feature correlation and high recognition error rate,a method of power quality composite disturbances identification based on multiresolution S-transform and decision tree was proposed.Firstly,according to IEEE standard,the signal models of seven single power quality disturbances and 17 combined power quality disturbances are given,and the disturbance waveform samples are generated in batches.Then,in order to improve the recognition accuracy,the adjustment factor is introduced to obtain the controllable time-frequency resolution through multi-resolution S-transform time-frequency domain analysis.On this basis,five disturbance time-frequency domain features are extracted,which quantitatively reflect the characteristics of the analyzed power quality disturbance signal,which is less than the traditional method based on S-transform.Finally,three classifiers such as K-nearest neighbor,support vector machine and decision tree algorithm are used to effectively complete the identification of power quality composite disturbances.Simulation results showthat the classification accuracy of decision tree algorithmis higher than that of K-nearest neighbor and support vector machine.Finally,the proposed method is compared with other commonly used recognition algorithms.Experimental results show that the proposedmethod is effective in terms of detection accuracy,especially for combined PQ interference.

基于贝叶斯优化GBDT的转炉炼钢终点预测

为提高转炉炼钢终点碳含量和温度预报精度,提出基于贝叶斯优化梯度提升决策树(BOA_GBDT)的转炉炼钢终点碳含量和温度预测模型,将其与基础模型径向基函数(RBF)、支持向量机(SVM)、梯度提升决策树(GBDT)以及贝叶斯优化的径向基函数(BOA_RBF)、支持向量机(BOA_SVM)终点碳温预测模型对比分析。实验结果表明:BOA_GBDT各项误差指标最小,命中率最高,终点时刻碳含量在±0.01%误差区间内命中率为96.2%;终点温度在±10℃误差区间内命中率为92.1%。贝叶斯优化算法能够显著提升模型性能,更准确地判断转炉炼钢终点碳含量和温度,为吹炼出符合要求的钢水提供较为可靠的依据。

基于GBDT算法的弓网动态匹配特性预测模型

高速铁路通过弓网系统的滑动电接触获取电能驱动列车运行,弓网动态匹配特性是保障良好滑动电接触的基础。首先,建立了弓网动态匹配的有限元分析模型,并通过与文献结果对比验证了模型的正确性。采用拉丁超立方抽样方法,对接触网的关键结构参数和运行速度参数进行样本抽样,获得输入参数集;然后,利用有限元模型对输入参数集开展大量计算分析并进行结果的特征提取,获得弓网动态匹配关键特征参量的输出结果,结合输入和输出结果,构成了样本数据集;最后,采用梯度提升决策树(gradient lifting decision tree, GBDT)算法对数据集进行学习训练和验证测试,建立弓网动态匹配特性预测模型,并将其与基于决策树、随机森林、极端随机树和极端梯度提升树算法的4个模型进行对比分析。结果表明,基于GBDT算法的模型预测精度更高、稳定性更好,在测试集上的R~2达到了0.929,能够准确快速地评估弓网匹配特性。通过对GBDT模型进行参数重要性分析可知,运行速度对弓网匹配特性的影响程度最大,达61%,其次是接触线的张力、承力索张力和档距。该研究初步探索了采用机器学习方法建立预测模型来替代有限元模型的可能性,所建立的模型可用于弓网动态匹配特性的快速预测与评价。

基于EM-FR-C5.0DT耦合模型的输气管道地质灾害风险预测模型

延安气田地处陕北山区,输气管道沿线发生地质灾害的风险较高,管道生产运行存在一定安全隐患,通过加强风险预测研究,可快速准确甄别沿线高后果区,对管道防灾减灾具有重要意义。为此,选取延安气田内部临镇-子长输气干线作为研究对象。首先,通过相关性分析筛选出高程等11个影响因子,依次开展灾点空间分布规律研究;其次,采用加权频率比法将灾点属性值转换为可体现灾害风险贡献率的EM-FR(加权频率值),划分出低、极低风险区,在此范围内选取非灾点,以此构建EM-FR-C5.0DT(加权频率比-C5.0决策树)、EM-FR-BP(加权频率比-BP神经网络)等2种耦合模型,并预测研究区域的风险性;最后,在研究区域内随机选取非灾点,构建单一C5.0DT、BP模型,并与上述2种耦合模型开展精度对比分析。结果显示:耦合模型预测性能优于单一模型,其中EM-FR-C5.0DT模型效果最优。研究成果表明,在低、极低风险区内,选取非灾点构建数据集得到的耦合模型,可明显提升模型预测精度,更适合小样本地质灾害风险性建模,可为延安气田输气管道风险性研究提供一定借鉴。

基于GBDT的气液两相流相分布测量模型

双波长透射法是一种高精度的多相流相分布参数检测方法,为了进一步提高相分布测量的精度,本文提出用梯度提升决策树(GBDT)算法建立相分布测量模型。利用光学仿真,模拟气泡在不同相分布下波长为445nm和635nm的光线在气液两相流中的传播过程,采集检测平面的光强分布,分析不同相分布情况下气泡中心位置和气泡半径对光强分布曲线的影响;用GBDT建立测量模型,以光强缺失宽度和缺失偏移为特征参数,建立特征参数与气泡相分布之间的对应数据库,利用数据库对GBDT模型进行训练;用训练好的模型预测气泡的相分布。建立的测量模型对气泡相分布预测的均方误差小于0.0008mm,均方误差减小了33.33%,证明了测量模型更适用于相分布的测量。搭建了实验平台,对竖直上升气泡流相分布参数进行预测,实现了对气泡中心位置运动轨迹的追踪。

基于GBDT算法的机器人定位误差分级补偿方法

为进一步提高工业机器人的定位精度,提出一种分级补偿的方法以降低几何和非几何因素引起的定位误差。使用遗传算法优化最小二乘法(GA-LS)进行几何参数误差辨识并补偿到机器人运动学模型中,再通过梯度提升树(GBDT)算法对残余非几何参数误差进行预测,并对残余误差进行补偿,最后以UR10机器人为研究对象进行了实验,验证该方法的准确性。实验结果表明:此分级补偿方法能有效提高机器人的绝对定位精度,补偿后机器人的平均定位误差由2.381 mm降低至0.156 mm,定位精度提升了93.4%;均方根定位误差由2.417 mm降低至0.163 mm,定位精度提升了93.2%。实验结果验证了此分级补偿方法的有效性。

基于PCA-Adaboost-GBDT的短期风电功率预测

为解决单一预测模型难以准确预测风电功率的问题,提出了一种基于主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)-自适应增强(adaptive boosting,Adaboost)-梯度提升树(gradient boosting decision tree,GBDT)的风电功率短期预测方法。使用PCA方法对数据降维分析,使用Adaboost-GBDT组合模型对风电功率数据进行训练。结果表明,所提算法在准确性和效率方面都具有明显的优势。研究结果为风电功率准确预测提供参考与借鉴。

基于GBDT特征提取与Tent-ASO-BP网络的铣刀磨损量预测

为了提高机械加工过程中小样本刀具磨损量监测的准确性,提出一种基于Pearson+GBDT特征提取、Tent混沌映射和原子搜索算法(ASO)优化BP神经网络(Tent-ASO-BP)的刀具磨损量预测模型。针对BP神经网络特征选择及参数选择难题,提出了基于Pearson+GBDT的双层过滤式特征筛选方式求取网络输入特征,并使用Tent混沌映射改进原子搜索算法(ASO)对BP神经网络最优权值和阈值进行求解。通过实验证明:Tent混沌映射改善了ASO,避免ASO陷入局部极值和过早收敛,即通过交叉验证证明Tent-ASO优化BP神经网络训练模型精度较ASO高。同时,验证了梯度提升决策树(GBDT)能够筛选出用于刀具磨损值映射的一组特征,且特征筛选能力强于同类算法Light GBM、Catboost、决策树、随机森林。

CNN和GBDT结合的雷达辐射源个体识别

针对雷达辐射源个体识别准确率低的问题,本文提出一种将一维卷积神经网络与梯度提升决策树相结合的雷达辐射源个体识别算法。首先基于线性调频信号构建雷达辐射源个体信号模型,然后介绍梯度提升决策树算法和一维卷积神经网络,接着搭建网络模型,将雷达辐射源信号的中频数据作为网络的输入,实现基于深度学习的雷达辐射源个体识别。通过实验结果得出,本文提出的雷达辐射源个体识别算法具有良好的识别准确率。当SNR≥5dB时,识别正确率达到99.5%以上。

基于DT-CWT和SVD的变电站直流系统接地故障检测技术研究

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