The ion-adsorption rare earth tailings have become a serious environmental pollution in Southern China, yet the potential of their economical value has not been fully exploited. In this work, the chemical and mineral ...The ion-adsorption rare earth tailings have become a serious environmental pollution in Southern China, yet the potential of their economical value has not been fully exploited. In this work, the chemical and mineral compositions of the ion-adsorption rare earth tailings were characterized by Mineral Liberation Analyze (MLA) and XRF. The results show that 91.98 wt% of the tailings are composed of kaolinite and quartz, latter of which was removed by the sieving method. The other minor minerals contain feldspar, biotite, muscovite, titanomagnetite and limonite. Amongst these, the iron-bearing minerals are mostly found in the titanomagnetite and limonite which can be mostly removed by using a periodic high-gradient magnetic separator with a magnetic induction of 0.6 Tesla. The Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content of the tailings changed from 2.11 wt% to 1.06 wt% after the sorting process, which met the Chinese national standard of TC-3 grade raw materials for ceramic industry applications. The Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content in kaolinite was further decreased after Na<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> treatment.展开更多
According to the notice released by MIIT and the Ministry of Natural Resources, the first batch of rare earth ore mining quotas was 60,000 tons in 2019, of which quotas for ionic type rare earth mineral (mainly medium...According to the notice released by MIIT and the Ministry of Natural Resources, the first batch of rare earth ore mining quotas was 60,000 tons in 2019, of which quotas for ionic type rare earth mineral (mainly medium and heavy rare earth) was 9,575 tons, and quotas for rock type rare earth mineral (mainly light rare earths) was 50,425 tons.展开更多
China's Ministry of Land and Resources released the first batch of rare earth mining quotas in 2017, according to an announcement on the ministry's website. The total mining amount for the first batch is 52,50...China's Ministry of Land and Resources released the first batch of rare earth mining quotas in 2017, according to an announcement on the ministry's website. The total mining amount for the first batch is 52,500 tonnes, equal to the number in 2016. Out of the 52,500 tonnes, there are 43,550 tonnes for light rare earths and 8,950 tonnes for medium and heavy rare earths.展开更多
Peninsular Malaysia is already well known for having rare earth(RE)resources.However,pertinent data and information on upstream RE resources and reserve potential in Malaysia are yet to be established.It is vital to i...Peninsular Malaysia is already well known for having rare earth(RE)resources.However,pertinent data and information on upstream RE resources and reserve potential in Malaysia are yet to be established.It is vital to identify opportunities and challenges for value addition to rare earth elements(REEs)deposits in Malaysia.Therefore,this study evaluates the potential of Malaysian geological formations to serve as repositories for RE resources,such as rare earth minerals(REMs)and REEs,by elucidating the geological processes that are considered critical to the formation of the various deposit types.This paper concisely reviews possible REE mineralization in alkaline igneous rocks,pegmatites,placer deposits:monazite and xenotime,marine sediments,river and lake sediments,ion adsorption clays(IAC)deposits,and shale/coal deposits found in Malaysia.Comparisons between Malaysian deposits revealed that these deposits are potentially enriched with RE resources showing geological formations across the world.The paper reviews the methods and flowsheets used for the recovery of REMs and REEs from primary,secondary as well as alternative resources,with special consideration to the hydrometallurgical procedures comprising of leaching with acids and alkalis tailed by ion exchange,solvent extraction,or precipitation.The REEs ecosystem of Malaysia has also been discussed by considering the latest information from the Malaysian Investment Development Authority(MIDA),the REEs processing center,the Academy of Science of Malaysia(ASM),the People’s Republic of China(PRC),Lynas Malaysia Sdn.Bhd.(Lynas),Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources(NRECC),Jabatan Mineral&Geosains(JMG),Ministry of Science,Technology,and Innovation(MOSTI),and the Malaysian Chamber of Mines.The information on upstream RE resources and recent hydrometallurgical approaches provided in this study will contribute to developing and enhancing midstream and downstream RE-based manufacturing and processing operations in Malaysia.展开更多
It is known to all that China is abundant in rare earth resources. But rare earth deposits are really not that rare in the earth crest. In the five continents, i.e. Asia, Europe, Australia, North and South America, an...It is known to all that China is abundant in rare earth resources. But rare earth deposits are really not that rare in the earth crest. In the five continents, i.e. Asia, Europe, Australia, North and South America, and Africa, there are about thirty four countries found to have rare earth deposits; Brazil might surpass China and rank the first in rare earth deposits. At present, investment in rare earth production was surged, there have been about 200 projects, and the total production for 25 of them would be more than 170 thousand tons after 2015, a multi-supply system on rare earths is being established worldwide. Cautions on the investment of rare earth production are involved.展开更多
As early as on February 7,2014,the National Development and Reform Commission reviewed and formally approved to set up Panxi Strategic Resource Innovation Development Pilot Zone.Since its rare earth resource reserve r...As early as on February 7,2014,the National Development and Reform Commission reviewed and formally approved to set up Panxi Strategic Resource Innovation Development Pilot Zone.Since its rare earth resource reserve ranked second nationwide,a number of counties and districts in Liangshan Prefecture are incorporated into the Pilot Zone,and become core components of this Pilot Zone.展开更多
文摘The ion-adsorption rare earth tailings have become a serious environmental pollution in Southern China, yet the potential of their economical value has not been fully exploited. In this work, the chemical and mineral compositions of the ion-adsorption rare earth tailings were characterized by Mineral Liberation Analyze (MLA) and XRF. The results show that 91.98 wt% of the tailings are composed of kaolinite and quartz, latter of which was removed by the sieving method. The other minor minerals contain feldspar, biotite, muscovite, titanomagnetite and limonite. Amongst these, the iron-bearing minerals are mostly found in the titanomagnetite and limonite which can be mostly removed by using a periodic high-gradient magnetic separator with a magnetic induction of 0.6 Tesla. The Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content of the tailings changed from 2.11 wt% to 1.06 wt% after the sorting process, which met the Chinese national standard of TC-3 grade raw materials for ceramic industry applications. The Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content in kaolinite was further decreased after Na<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> treatment.
文摘According to the notice released by MIIT and the Ministry of Natural Resources, the first batch of rare earth ore mining quotas was 60,000 tons in 2019, of which quotas for ionic type rare earth mineral (mainly medium and heavy rare earth) was 9,575 tons, and quotas for rock type rare earth mineral (mainly light rare earths) was 50,425 tons.
文摘China's Ministry of Land and Resources released the first batch of rare earth mining quotas in 2017, according to an announcement on the ministry's website. The total mining amount for the first batch is 52,500 tonnes, equal to the number in 2016. Out of the 52,500 tonnes, there are 43,550 tonnes for light rare earths and 8,950 tonnes for medium and heavy rare earths.
文摘Peninsular Malaysia is already well known for having rare earth(RE)resources.However,pertinent data and information on upstream RE resources and reserve potential in Malaysia are yet to be established.It is vital to identify opportunities and challenges for value addition to rare earth elements(REEs)deposits in Malaysia.Therefore,this study evaluates the potential of Malaysian geological formations to serve as repositories for RE resources,such as rare earth minerals(REMs)and REEs,by elucidating the geological processes that are considered critical to the formation of the various deposit types.This paper concisely reviews possible REE mineralization in alkaline igneous rocks,pegmatites,placer deposits:monazite and xenotime,marine sediments,river and lake sediments,ion adsorption clays(IAC)deposits,and shale/coal deposits found in Malaysia.Comparisons between Malaysian deposits revealed that these deposits are potentially enriched with RE resources showing geological formations across the world.The paper reviews the methods and flowsheets used for the recovery of REMs and REEs from primary,secondary as well as alternative resources,with special consideration to the hydrometallurgical procedures comprising of leaching with acids and alkalis tailed by ion exchange,solvent extraction,or precipitation.The REEs ecosystem of Malaysia has also been discussed by considering the latest information from the Malaysian Investment Development Authority(MIDA),the REEs processing center,the Academy of Science of Malaysia(ASM),the People’s Republic of China(PRC),Lynas Malaysia Sdn.Bhd.(Lynas),Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources(NRECC),Jabatan Mineral&Geosains(JMG),Ministry of Science,Technology,and Innovation(MOSTI),and the Malaysian Chamber of Mines.The information on upstream RE resources and recent hydrometallurgical approaches provided in this study will contribute to developing and enhancing midstream and downstream RE-based manufacturing and processing operations in Malaysia.
文摘It is known to all that China is abundant in rare earth resources. But rare earth deposits are really not that rare in the earth crest. In the five continents, i.e. Asia, Europe, Australia, North and South America, and Africa, there are about thirty four countries found to have rare earth deposits; Brazil might surpass China and rank the first in rare earth deposits. At present, investment in rare earth production was surged, there have been about 200 projects, and the total production for 25 of them would be more than 170 thousand tons after 2015, a multi-supply system on rare earths is being established worldwide. Cautions on the investment of rare earth production are involved.
文摘As early as on February 7,2014,the National Development and Reform Commission reviewed and formally approved to set up Panxi Strategic Resource Innovation Development Pilot Zone.Since its rare earth resource reserve ranked second nationwide,a number of counties and districts in Liangshan Prefecture are incorporated into the Pilot Zone,and become core components of this Pilot Zone.
