History,Current Status and Trends of the Investigation for Grassland Plant Resources at Home and Abroad

The existing main problems in the investigation for grassland plant resources are found out by systematically analyzing the history, current status and de- velopment trends of the investigation for grassland plant resources at home and abroad. The paper cxploratively points out that the investigation for grassland plant resources should focus on integrated muhidisciplinary research in the future, ultimately realizing highly efficient utilization and sharing of information in grassland plant resources.

Investigation and Analysis on Agricultural Biological Resources of Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County,Guizhou Province

Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is located in the northeast of Guizhou Province,and in the border of Guizhou and Chongqing,having a subtropical humid monsoon climate. There is no severe heat in summer,and no severe cold in winter. It has distinct national characteristics,and there are many biological resources with national characteristics. A systematic investigation of biological resources in the county for nearly a month was carried out by organizing a professional investigation team. The investigation covered 5 townships and we visited 12 village committees and 26 villagers' groups,involving three ethnic groups: Gelao,Tujia and Miao. The biological resources closely related to the agricultural production and life of local ethnic groups were investigated,collected and sorted out. A total of 230 samples of all kinds of resources were collected,including 47 food crops,75 vegetables and annual crops,37 fruit trees and perennial crops,and 71 medicinal plants. Of these,a total of 73 were unique,superior and special resources. Based on general investigation and professional investigation,this paper analyzes the present situation,growth and decline of local agricultural biological resources,and puts forward some suggestions for the protection,development and utilization of agricultural biological resources.

Investigation on Wetland Resources of Bashan Lake in Chongqing Municipality

Based on the investigation on the wetland resources of Bashan Lake in Chongqing, the existing problems in the protection and utilization of Bashan Lake wetland and Chongqing Bashan National Wetland Park were analyzed. Specific suggestions were put forward, which provided basic references for the protection of Bashan Lake wetland and construction of Chongqing Bashan Lake National Wetland Park.

Investigation on the Resources of Paris Polyphylla var.yunnanensis

In this study,the resource distribution,morphological characteristics,artificial cultivation and market circulation of Paris Polyphylla var.yunnanensis and its polygerm varieties in Yunnan were investigated by referring to the research literature,field investigation and our planting experience.It is found that P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis is widely distributed in Yunnan Province,realizing large-scale artificial cultivation,while the wild resources of polygerm varieties are almost on the verge of extinction and are in urgent need of protection.

Investigation and Analysis of Crop Germplasm Resources in Coastal Areas of Shandong Province

This study focused on the investigation of crop germplasm resources in coastal areas of Shandong Province, including132 villages in 82 towns of 34 counties. The survey collected local varieties and wild resources of grain crops, economic crops,vegetables and fruit trees, and a total of 848 samples were collected, belonging to 54 species of 39 genera in 15 families. In this study, the current situation and growth and decline conditions of crop germplasm resources were investigated, and their botanical classification and utilization importance were analyzed. Furthermore, the conservation, development and utilization of crop germplasm resources in coastal areas of Shandong Province were also discussed in this paper.

Investigation and Protection of Fishery Resources in the Middle of Bohai Sea

In May and October 2017,12 stations were set up in the Central Bohai Sea for fishery resources investigation.The results show that there are many dominant species in this area,and the inshore fishery resources are higher than those in the open sea because of the abundant nutrients from land,the high density of zooplankton and the food of swimming animals.In order to effectively protect the fishery resources in the Central Bohai Sea,this paper puts forward some suggestions,such as strengthening the protection propaganda,scientific and reasonable fishing,and strengthening the management of marine environment.

Investigation and Analysis of Grassland Plant Germplasm in Zhalantun City of Eastern Inner Mongolia

The plant germplasm resources of Zhalantun grassland in the eastern Inner Mongolia were investigated in 2015.The order of plant biomass production in all the types of grassland decreased compared to 1985 as the followings:mountain meadow(76.72%)>temperate meadow steppe(66.53%)>lowland meadow(55.03%)>temperate typical steppe(26.37%).There were 243 plant species belonging to 166 genera and 47 families in Zhalantun grassland,including 163 forage species,78 medicinal species and 82 ornamental plant species attributable to 103 genera of 33 families,65 genera of 29 families and 63 genera of 29 families,respectively.In addition,38 species of edible plants,29 species of toxic and harmful plants and five rare protected plants were found in this area.

福建省农作物种质资源调查收集与多样性分析

2017-2022年,福建省在第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动中,共收集作物地方品种和野生近缘植物种质资源6235份,蔬菜、粮食、果树、经济作物、牧草绿肥分别占33.57%、25.91%、24.35%、14.59%、1.57%;所有资源隶属于83科,229属,313种,其中豆科种质资源份数最多,占总数的16.04%。不同地区和海拔是影响收集农作物种质资源种类和数量的重要因素。全省9个地级市中,三明市收集种质资源数量最多,占20.65%。全省收集农作物种质资源数量随着海拔升高而下降,不同海拔收集数量随着市辖县(市、区)、乡(镇)、村(街道)的数量减少呈现减少趋势。沿海地区如漳州、福州、宁德、泉州、莆田、厦门等6个地级市,海拔0~200 m是种质资源Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Brillouin丰富度指数最高的海拔区间;闽西北山区,如龙岩、三明、南平等3个地级市,海拔200~400 m、400~600 m、600~800 m种质资源的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Brillouin丰富度指数较高。不同地级市、不同海拔区间与收集种质资源的物种多样性指数的相关性分析发现,三明和龙岩市与Shannon-Wiener多样性指数呈极显著正相关,莆田和龙岩市与Pielou均匀度指数呈现极显著负相关,这与全省农业经济分区有密切关系。通过梳理全省农作物种质资源的多样性,为因地制宜地开发、利用、挖掘全省地方农作物种质资源提供参考和科学依据。

基于时序遥感影像的骆马湖水资源调查与分析

自然资源不仅是发展之基、生态之源、民生之本,更是推进美丽中国建设和深化生态文明体制改革的核心载体,同时也是重要的资源性资产。本文旨在探讨宿迁市湖滨新区骆马湖水资源的调查监测,并以自然资源调查监测为背景,采用遥感技术作为主要手段进行水资源调查。研究通过获取骆马湖范围内的Sentinel-2遥感影像数据,对骆马湖水体的空间分布、变化趋势进行综合分析。同时,本文还探讨了遥感技术在水资源调查中的应用价值和优势。研究结果表明,骆马湖的水资源状况有着一定变化和挑战。本研究的意义在于通过遥感手段探讨了积水频率识别和积水范围提取,为水资源调查监测提供了一种快速、高效的手段。此外,针对骆马湖水资源调查监测的研究成果也为其他类似区域的水资源管理和保护提供了借鉴和参考。这对于推动水资源的可持续利用和提高区域生态环境质量具有重要意义。

辽宁省海城市中药资源调查与分析

目的 通过对辽宁省海城市中药资源的普查,掌握海城市药用植物资源现状及部分重点品种的蕴藏量,为海城市中药资源的保护及可持续开发利用提供理论参考。方法 以第四次《全国中药资源普查技术规范》要求为标准制定普查方案,采用传统野外调查与现代技术相结合的方法,对海城市药用植物资源进行调查及数据分析。结果研究共完成了36个样地、180个样方套、1080个样方的调查,调查到药用植物452种,涉及86科290属;其中2020版《中华人民共和国药典》收载的重点调查品种112种,辽宁省新纪录植物2种。结论 海城市药用植物资源较为丰富,县域内大部分中药物种种群处于稳定状态,少数种群呈减少趋势,政府应采取措施加强动态监测与保护,普查工作的开展有助于县域内中药文化知识的推广普及,亦为海城市中药资源的可持续发展及开发利用提供科学依据。

广西笋用竹种质资源及其利用调查

调查了广西的笋用竹种质资源及其利用现状,结果显示,广西适宜笋用的竹种有6属41种(包括变种或品种)。其中,夏季出笋的竹种有3属24种,以大型丛生竹——麻竹种植面积较大,甜龙竹发展潜力大;冬、春季出笋的竹种有2属14种,以大型散生竹——毛竹种植面积最大,但以材用林为主,笋产量较低,刚竹属、大节竹属的其它笋用竹种有零星种植;秋季出笋的竹种有寒竹属1属3种,其笋亦称为“重阳笋”,利用较少。在笋用竹种中人工种植面积在6.67 hm^(2)以上的有麻竹、勃氏甜龙竹、绿竹、毛竹和雷竹5种。调查中还发现了一些新的笋用竹种,竹笋品质佳,但种群量少,处于濒危状态。广西发展笋用竹应重视多种竹种的利用,既要发展麻竹笋用林,也要发展甜龙竹、毛竹及寒竹属竹种等的笋用林,构建全年供笋格局;加大广西本土优良笋用竹种及濒危笋用竹种的培育与利用,选育笋用竹良种,并加快推广种植。

自然资源“三全”调查监测技术体系研究与实践

为统筹整合遥感数据源,统一实施地类变化信息提取,优化各项调查监测和业务管理的业务流,探索建立“全范围地类监测、全流程变化跟踪、全业务数据支撑”的“三全”调查监测体系。整合“天空地网”多源协同数据获取、变化监测要素智能提取、三维时空场景建模与管理、自然资源监测智能化服务平台等关键技术,形成标准统一、手段智能、业务联通、先进实用的自然资源统一调查监测技术体系,更有力地支撑生态文明建设和自然资源管理。

基于AHP法评估辽宁省大连市沙河口区药用植物资源

目的:为了摸清辽宁省大连市沙河口区的药用植物资源家底,掌握和了解沙河口区的野生药用植物资源种类,建立中药资源数据库,进一步为沙河口区的药用植物资源的保护和可持续发展提供参考建议。方法:根据全国第四次中药资源普查的技术规范,通过野外调查和层次模型评估方法,对沙河口地区药用植物资源进行普查和统计分析,基于价值链视角对沙河口区可开发药用植物资源进行评估。结果:本次累计调查研究药用植物资源总数492种,其中重点药材36种,特色药材9种。在19个标准层指标中,权重值排在前3位的为繁殖能力(0.2345),道地性(0.2606)和濒危等级(0.1527)。综合层次分析法可将药材资源分为3个等级,其中Ⅰ级包含药用植物6种,Ⅱ级包含药用植物9种,Ⅲ级包含药用植物5种。结论:辽宁省大连市沙河口区野外中药资源普查工作总体完成,沙河口区生态环境较为丰富,构建的药用植物资源评价模型科学合理,可优先选择桃、海带、青花椒、茵陈蒿、石莼和孔石莼等药用资源开发利用。

藏东南部分地区农作物种质资源调查报告

2015年对藏东南地区林芝市和昌都地区部分县、乡的作物种质资源进行了考察,结合形态分类学,对照《中国植物志》和《西藏植物志》进行了鉴定分类,参考相关文献报道对优异资源进行了客观全面的评价。此次收集到8个科18个属,97份样本属1年生农作物资源,其中优异资源6份,可为该地特色资源开发利用提供一定的参考。

明堂山主要药用植物资源调查分析

为全面了解岳西县明堂山药用植物资源的组成类型、生活型和药用部位等资源现状,本文采用传统野外调查方法收集药用植物资源的分布信息,通过形态观察及查阅相关文献资料对药用植物进行物种鉴定和药用植物整理分析.结果表明,本次调查发现药用植物231种,隶属96科205属,以小型科(2~4种)和单种科(1种)为主.生活型以草本植物占绝对优势(61.47%);药用部位以全草类、根及根茎类占多数(61.48%);珍稀濒危药用植物29种,其中国家一级保护植物2种,二级保护植物8种.岳西县明堂山药用植物资源类型多样性特征明显,生态环境保护良好,此次调查为后续有效保护和合理开发药用植物资源提供科学依据.

国土“三调”赋能下的耕地恢复潜力调查研究

恢复类地块是耕地资源的重要储备,充分认清恢复类地块资源的数量及恢复耕地潜力,对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。本文全面介绍了耕地恢复潜力调查工作,并与耕地后备资源潜力调查模式进行了横向对比分析。基于“三调”基础数据,以广州市从化区耕地恢复潜力调查为研究对象,采用“3+2”的分段调查模式。第一阶段以图斑为单元,依现状核实“农作物种植/水产养殖类别”、“耕作便利度”和“水源保障”三类属性信息;第二阶段以村社为单元,核实记录“恢复成本”和“群众意愿”两类属性信息;最后,从地块恢复成本、水源供给和耕地质量等条件,进一步对恢复类耕地开发利用的工作方向提出建议。

^(60)Co-γ辐照处理对冬瓜种子影响初探

为丰富冬瓜种质资源,研究利用0、300、^(60)0、900 Gy剂量的^(60)Co-γ射线对冬瓜干种子和提前浸泡12 h的湿种子进行辐射诱变,处理后进行催芽及播种,考察辐照处理对种子萌发及幼苗光合性能、抗氧化酶活等的影响。结果表明:中低辐射剂量可以促进干、湿种子的早期萌发,且300 Gy辐射剂量的促进效果最佳;辐照处理对种子芽的伸长和不定根的发育呈现出明显的抑制效果;辐照处理会导致冬瓜幼苗真叶出现畸形,且其叶片细胞结构、光合参数、过氧化物酶酶活和丙二醛含量与未经辐照处理的叶片差异显著。该研究初步获得了冬瓜辐照处理的可行剂量和诱变子代,为后续冬瓜的辐射诱变剂量选择提供参考。

自然资源调查监测成果分析评价指标计算系统设计与实现

针对自然资源调查监测数据分析评价工作自动化和智能化的需求,设计了自然资源调查监测成果分析评价指标计算系统的总体架构、系统数据库、功能架构与技术架构。在系统建设的过程中,基于ETL技术实现了大规模结构化数据的快速入库,采用模型构建器技术,提升了建模效率和模型的可拓展性,运用在线可视化分析页面构建技术,实现了在系统中高效且美观地展示各类专项调查监测、统计及评价成果数据,运用地理信息赋能经济社会可持续发展。

西藏芒康县农作物种质资源系统调查

对西藏昌都市芒康县9个乡镇13个村的农作物种质资源展开系统调查,共收集到各类资源111份。按作物种类分,包括粮食作物30份,蔬菜34份,果树19份,牧草绿肥23份,经济作物5份;按种质类型分,包括地方品种47份,野生资源64份。此次调查以期为芒康县农作物遗传资源多样性研究、开发利用与创新研究奠定基础。