LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of tuffites in the Sachakou Pb-Zn mining area, Karakorum, Xinjiang and its establishment of Early Triassic strata

1.Objective In the past decade,a group of medium to giant lead-zinc deposits,represented by Huoshaoyun,Sachakou,and Yuanbaoling,have been discovered in the Aksai Chin region of Karakoram,Xinjiang.They are all located in the Mesozoic carbonate and clastic rock formations.The Sachakou leadzinc mining area is adjacent to the northwest of the Huoshaoyun lead-zinc mining area and is in the same stratigraphic layer as Huoshaoyun.Although many scholars have been arguing about the type and age of Huoshaoyun lead-zinc mineralization,few scholars have paid attention to the classification of the ore-bearing strata in the area.The stratigraphy of the Lower Permian Shenxianwan Group to the Upper Cretaceous Tielongtan Group is exposed in the Sachakou area of Karakorum,Xinjiang,however,the Late Permian-Early Triassic stratigraphy is missing(Fig.1a).Due to the harsh natural conditions in the area and the low level of work,the stratigraphic delineation is not exhaustive,and the regional lithology is dominated by carbonates and clastic rocks,which makes it difficult to identify the age of the regional lithology and causes problems for the exploration and research of lead-zinc in the area.

An intelligent automatic correlation method of oilbearing strata based on pattern constraints:An example of accretionary stratigraphy of Shishen 100 block in Shinan Oilfield of Bohai Bay Basin,East China

Aiming at the problem that the data-driven automatic correlation methods which are difficult to adapt to the automatic correlation of oil-bearing strata with large changes in lateral sedimentary facies and strata thickness,an intelligent automatic correlation method of oil-bearing strata based on pattern constraints is formed.We propose to introduce knowledge-driven in automatic correlation of oil-bearing strata,constraining the correlation process by stratigraphic sedimentary patterns and improving the similarity measuring machine and conditional constraint dynamic time warping algorithm to automate the correlation of marker layers and the interfaces of each stratum.The application in Shishen 100 block in the Shinan Oilfield of the Bohai Bay Basin shows that the coincidence rate of the marker layers identified by this method is over 95.00%,and the average coincidence rate of identified oil-bearing strata reaches 90.02% compared to artificial correlation results,which is about 17 percentage points higher than that of the existing automatic correlation methods.The accuracy of the automatic correlation of oil-bearing strata has been effectively improved.

冲击载荷下叠合岩层巷道围岩的应力演化数值模拟研究——基于岩层运动并行计算系统StrataKing

煤系地层属于典型的层状沉积岩层,这在传统连续介质模型中不能被较好反映。为了探究冲击载荷下叠合岩层巷道围岩的应力演化规律,采用以拉格朗日元与离散元耦合连续-非连续方法为基础发展的岩层运动并行计算系统StrataKing,基于理想化模型分析了巷道上表面附近应力波的叠加。阐明了应力波叠加导致顶板开裂机理,并且探讨了冲击载荷幅值的影响规律。研究发现:在原始压应力波传至巷道上表面附近测点后,该测点的最大主应力刚开始呈下降-上升-下降的变化趋势,这是由原始压、拉应力波不同时刻的叠加不同导致的;由于次级应力波的波长较原始应力波的小,次级压、拉应力波的单独作用更明显,它们的叠加使巷道上表面附近测点能产生更低和更高的最大主应力,甚至导致顶板开裂;冲击载荷幅值越大,近似阶梯增长阶段中拉裂纹平均发展速度越快,巷道围岩最终开裂范围越大,巷道围岩平衡越困难。

Evaluation and prediction of earth pressure balance shield performance in complex rock strata:A case study in Dalian,China

This research explores the potential for the evaluation and prediction of earth pressure balance shield performance based on a gray system model.The research focuses on a shield tunnel excavated for Metro Line 2 in Dalian,China.Due to the large error between the initial geological exploration data and real strata,the project construction is extremely difficult.In view of the current situation regarding the project,a quantitative method for evaluating the tunneling efficiency was proposed using cutterhead rotation(R),advance speed(S),total thrust(F)and torque(T).A total of 80 datasets with three input parameters and one output variable(F or T)were collected from this project,and a prediction framework based gray system model was established.Based on the prediction model,five prediction schemes were set up.Through error analysis,the optimal prediction scheme was obtained from the five schemes.The parametric investigation performed indicates that the relationships between F and the three input variables in the gray system model harmonize with the theoretical explanation.The case shows that the shield tunneling performance and efficiency are improved by the tunneling parameter prediction model based on the gray system model.

Sedimentology and Paleoenvironmental Characteristics of Fine-grained Sediments in Coal-bearing Strata in the Eastern Ordos Basin:A Case Study of the Exploratory Well in the Zizhou Area

The continuously collected cores from the Permo-Carboniferous coal-bearing strata of the eastern Ordos Basin are essential for studying the hydrocarbon potential in this region.This study adopted sedimentological and geochemical methods to analyze the sedimentary environment,material composition,and geochemical characteristics of the coal-bearing strata.The differences in depositional and paleoclimatic conditions were compared;and the factors influencing the organic matter content of fine-grained sediments were explored.The depositional environment of the Benxi and Jinci formations was lagoon to tidal flat with weakly reduced waters with low salinity and dry-hot paleoclimatic conditions;while that of the Taiyuan Formation was a carbonate platform and shallow water delta front,where the water was highly reductive.The xerothermic climate alternated with the warm and humid climate.The period of maximum transgression in the Permo-Carboniferous has the highest water salinity.The Shanxi Formation was deposited in a shallow water delta front with a brackish and fresh water environment and alternative weak reductiveness.And the paleoclimate condition is dry-hot.The TOC content in fine-grained samples was averaging 1.52%.The main controlling mechanism of organic matter in this area was the input conditions according to the analysis on input and preservation of organic matter.

岩层运动并行计算系统StrataKing及应用

为了克服国外串行商业软件的功能有限、计算规模小和计算效率低的问题,历时10余年,自主研发了拉格朗日元与离散元耦合的岩层运动GPU并行计算系统StrataKing。介绍了Strata-King的计算流程、基本原理和功能,各计算模块均在GPU上执行。通过模拟三点弯梁的开裂过程,检验了StrataKing的正确性。在静水压力条件下,当单元数目较多时,巷道围岩的裂纹以更加弯曲、柔美而非突兀、生硬状向围岩深部发展,这与塑性力学中圆环形的各处均破坏的塑性区有所不同。在采动条件下,工作面煤壁超前支承压力和水平应力均具有峰值,后者与岩层之间的黏结作用有关,这与基于连续介质假定的厚壁筒径向应力特征有所不同。由此,StrataKing的大规模计算能力、丰富的功能和行业鲜明特色得到了进一步呈现。

中国深层、超深层气藏开发关键技术与对策建议

中国在深层、超深层油气勘探开发方面已经取得了重要进展,中国石油天然气集团有限公司(以下简称中国石油)已在塔里木盆地和四川盆地建成两大深层、超深层天然气生产基地,但目前仍存在制约此类气藏高效开发的核心问题。为促进深层、超深层气藏实现高效开发,回顾了中国石油在不同类型深层、超深层典型气藏的开发实践历程,系统梳理了气藏开发过程中面临的问题与挑战,总结了气藏开发的关键技术,最后提出了深层、超深层气藏开发对策与建议。研究结果表明:①形成了深层、超深层岩溶型碳酸盐岩气藏小洞微缝储层量化表征技术和裂缝—孔隙型碎屑岩气藏多尺度裂缝动静态描述技术,实现了储层孔隙结构特征参数的量化表征和不同尺度裂缝的精细刻画与空间预测,提高了开发井的成功率,确保了储量高效动用;②形成了开发单元划分与水侵通道刻画技术和裂缝非均匀水侵动态评价技术,实现了不同开发阶段水侵动态评价和水侵状况准确预报,为不同开发单元制订差异化的开发技术政策奠定了基础;③建立了岩溶型碳酸盐岩气藏全生命周期递进式控水开发模式和裂缝—孔隙型碎屑岩气藏控排水协同提高采收率技术,实现了气藏均衡开发,整体提高了气藏采收率。结论认为,深层、超深层气藏地质、工程环境复杂,储层非均质性强,需进一步加强气藏前期评价、布井模式攻关、不同区块水侵规律等方面研究,且需做好气田群协同开发的整体研究。

Strata应力吸收层在旧路改造中的应用

在江西省南昌县芳湖路改造工程中,为最大程度减少罩面后产生的反射裂缝病害,采用了Strata应力吸收层+沥青混凝土的加铺改造技术。通过对加铺方案的甄选比对,材料性能分析及施工措施,验证了该材料在防反射裂缝性能方面较其他加铺技术有更大的优势,为其广泛应用提供了参考依据。

Numerical modeling of destress blasting for strata separation

Destress blasting(DB)implemented along the perimeter of safety pillars is a special application of destressing in coal longwall mining.The goal is to separate relatively more deformed mined areas from safety pillars,such as shaft pillars or cross-cut pillars,to reduce the transfer of high stresses to the protective pillar.This case study aims to numerically simulate selected destress blasts in the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin and examine its impact on stress transfer to the safety pillar area.To separate the area between the protective pillar and the longwall(LW),two fans of five 93-mm blast holes(length of 93e100 m)were drilled from the gate roads into the overburden strata.Each set of blast holes was fired separately in two stages without time delay.The explosive charge(gelatin-type of explosive)of each stage is 3450 kg.The two DB stages were fired when the longwall face was approximately 158 m and 152 m away from the blast.A 3D mine-wide model is built and validated with in situ stress measured with hydrofracturing.Mining and destressing in three 5-m thick coal seams are simulated in the region.Numerical modeling of DB is successfully conducted using a rock fragmentation factor a of 0.05 and a stress reduction/dissipation factor β of 0.95.Buffering of transfer of additional stress from the mining area into the safety pillar is evaluated by comparison of yielding volume before and after DB.It is shown that yielding volume drops after DB by nearly 80%in the area of the destressing panel and near the safety shaft pillar.

Field and numerical modelling on the stability of underground strata in longwall workings

The longwall method is one of the feasible and efficient underground mining methods for greater depth of workings.Recently,Singareni Collieries Company Limited(SCCL),the largest coal-producing government company in the Southern part of India,has deployed a high capacity(2×1152T capacity)power support system in its Adriyala Longwall Project(ALP)at a depth of 375 m.There was a concern about the stability of the longwall workings and the protective pillars.Thus,research work was carried out with the geotechnical instruments and numerical modelling tools to analyze the stability while retreating the longwall panels.The outcomes revealed that the convergence in the gate roads increased with the longwall face advancement and the area of exposure.The pressure of the powered support legs on the dip side was less than the rise side legs,which implies a stable roof condition over the longwall face.An abutment zone was identified ahead of the line of extraction up to 10e25 m and presumed from the Factor of Safety(FoS)criterion that within this zone,the longwall pillar possibly will be of better stability at every stage of extraction.The results obtained from this study would be helpful for the mining engineers to understand the behaviour of underground strata in longwall workings.

深层、超深层定向钻井中若干基础研究进展与展望

深层、超深层定向钻井具有“垂深大与水平延伸远”的双重特征,受到复杂地层、高温高压、超长裸眼等多重因素约束,其安全高效作业面临着更大的全方位技术挑战。为此,着眼于深层、超深层定向钻井的提速提效问题,系统总结了定向钻井的发展概况与技术特点,选取了深层、超深层定向钻井中力学方面的几个重要基础问题,分析了国内外专家学者的相关研究进展和最新研究成果,最后展望了深层、超深层定向钻井基础理论研究发展趋势并提出相关建议。研究结果表明:①大小偏差融合控制算法兼顾了井眼轨迹的控制精度、光滑度等多目标约束,适应于深层、超深层条件下井眼轨迹实时控制要求;②合理优化振动减阻工具个数、安放位置及其激励力幅值,可显著降低井下管柱摩阻,并有效提高机械钻速;③基于误差补偿机制的机械钻速融合预测模型既保留了机理模型的可解释性,又具有较高的预测精度;④套管复合磨损预测模型突破了经典“单月牙”模式的局限性,实现了复合模式下套管磨损形状与深度的同步预测。结论认为,深层、超深层定向井和水平井是未来油气井工程的重要发展方向之一,需要加强多因素耦合机理、钻井延伸极限、机理与数据融合驱动等方面的基础研究,以推动复杂油气井工程基础理论的创新与发展,为深层、超深层钻井工程技术进步提供必要的基础理论支撑。

A study on impacts of groundwater seepage on artificial freezing process of gravel strata

Purpose–This paper aims to study the impacts of groundwater seepage on artificial freezing process of gravel strata,the temperature field characteristics of the strata,and the strata process,closure time and thickness evolution mechanism of the frozen wall.Design/methodology/approach–In this paper several laboratory model tests were conducted,considering different groundwater seepage rate.Findings–The results show that there is a significant coupling effect between the cold diffusion of artificial freezing pipes and groundwater seepage;when there is no seepage,temperature fields upstream and downstream of the gravel strata are symmetrically distributed,and the thickness of the frozen soil column/frozen wall is consistent during artificial freezing;groundwater seepage causes significant asymmetry in the temperature fields upstream and downstream of the gravel strata,and the greater the seepage rate,the more obvious the asymmetry;the frozen wall closure time increases linearly with the increase in the groundwater seepage rate,and specifically,the time length under seepage rate of 5.00 m d
1 is 3.2 times longer than that under no seepage;due to the erosion from groundwater seepage,the thickness of the upstream frozen wall decreases linearly with the seepage velocity,while that of the downstream frozen wall increases linearly,resulting in a saddle-shaped frozen wall.Originality/value–The research results are beneficial to the optimum design and risk control of artificial freezing process in gravel strata.

采动岩层整体移动“类双曲线”理论模型及验证——从二维“类双曲线”到三维“类双曲面”模型

煤炭开采会引起上覆岩层自下而上变形、破断及移动,并导致地表沉陷等问题,其本质是一个力学过程,故亟需发展基于岩层破断力学机理的移动理论模型。首先简要回顾了国内外岩层移动理论模型,然后重点介绍了本团队近年来在岩层整体移动理论模型方面的研究进展。基于不同层位岩层的破断形态的力学分析和相似模拟试验结果,提出了采动覆岩整体移动“类双曲线”模型,其顶点大约位于上覆岩层主关键层的层位。进而建立了岩层移动内外“类双曲线”整体模型,给出了采动覆岩内外整体移动表达式及物理意义参数体系。针对不同覆岩和煤层赋存条件,分析了岩层整体移动“类双曲线”模型的演化规律。在此基础上,进一步将二维“类双曲线”拓展到三维“类双曲面”模型,建立了采动覆岩全空间“类双曲面”立体移动模型,该模型包含“类单叶”和“类双叶”双曲面。该理论模型是在我国很多前辈及学者的研究基础上,从系统科学的角度考虑岩层的整体移动规律,初步形成了采动覆岩整体移动“类双曲线(面)”理论模型框架,希望能为我国煤炭科学开采提供理论指导。

四川盆地超深层钻完井技术进展及其对万米特深井的启示

四川盆地超深层海相碳酸盐岩油气资源丰富,是寻找特大型油气田、开拓油气增储上产新领域的重要方向,但超深层钻完井面临地层条件更加复杂、井筒环境更加极端等工程技术挑战。为进一步指导万米特深井的安全高效钻探,通过梳理超深层钻完井技术难点,系统总结了四川盆地超深层钻完井关键技术,并提出了下步钻完井技术的发展建议。研究结果表明:①形成的超深复杂地层三压力预测监测技术精确预测了复杂地层压力系统及地应力场分布,准确刻画断层、裂缝、溶洞等展布规律,结合非常用井身结构拓展技术,提高了井身结构设计应对复杂地层钻探的能力;②形成的钻—测—固—完全过程精细控压技术,解决了超深井、特殊复杂井钻井液安全密度窗口窄导致“溢漏共存”、固井质量低等难题;③研发的高效钻头与大扭矩螺杆、扭力冲击器等抗高温提速工具,解决了深部难钻地层钻井钻头易磨损、破岩效率低的工程难题;④研发的抗高温钻井液体系提升应对高温深井的钻井液技术保障能力,升级第二代韧性水泥,解决了工作液抗高温能力不足等难题,保障超深井建井质量。结论认为,超深层钻完井技术的发展与进步,使得深井钻深能力突破9000 m已经成为现实,形成的关键技术有力地支撑了四川盆地超深层油气资源的高效勘探开发,对于万米特深层科学钻探和油气增储上产新领域拓展具有重要技术支撑作用。

深层页岩纳米孔隙中气水微观动用机理

深层页岩气已成为我国天然气产量增长最现实的领域之一。已有研究结果证实深层页岩纳米孔隙发育,但页岩储层在高温高压含水条件下气水的动用复杂程度加剧。传统页岩岩心尺度的解吸和驱替实验成本高、周期长,难以解析纳米孔隙中气水在深层储层条件下的微观动用机理。为此,基于分子模拟方法,在考虑气水质量扩散传递的基础上,提出了1套页岩气水动用模拟方法,并模拟了深层页岩双重介质复合纳米孔隙中的甲烷和水分在2种不同模式下的动用机理,并量化了甲烷吸附气、溶解气和自由气,揭示了孔隙水和甲烷不同赋存状态的微观动用机理。研究结果表明:①页岩中伊利石对甲烷的亲和性强于干酪根,伊利石亲水性远大于干酪根;②2种动用模式下,伊利石中赋存的水分基本不发生动用,干酪根表面水分团簇可发生动用;③双重介质复合纳米孔隙中,甲烷的自由气动用率最大,溶解气和吸附气动用率较低,是后期页岩气储量挖潜的重要潜在资源。结论认为,深层页岩纳米孔隙中气水的微观动用理论研究对深层页岩气可采储量评估、产能评价和提高采收率等方面具有重要理论意义。

我国大倾角煤层开采技术变革与展望

大倾角煤层是我国煤炭资源的主要赋存样式之一。在地域分布上呈现出广泛性与区域性,据不完全统计,全国25个省、自治区、直辖市均涉及该类煤层开采,在中西部地区储量丰富、产量大、生产集中程度高。在赋存条件上呈现出多样性与复杂性,不同区域成煤时期不一,构造控煤过程迥异,形成了多样且复杂的开采条件,催生了不同的开采技术要求。大倾角煤层开采的技术难度大。煤层倾角导致采场围岩运动破坏呈现非对称性显现特征,支护系统稳定性控制与“三机”配套与协同、采准巷道布置与支护、工作面“人-机”环境安全保障等工作的难度显著加剧,严重制约了矿井安全高效开采。大倾角煤层开采的区域经济需求强,该类煤层赋存与生产较集中的区域多见以煤炭工业为主的资源型城市,经济结构相对单一,煤炭资源安全高效开发利用对区域能源保供、民生保障、经济保稳具有兜底作用。长期以来,大倾角煤层开采技术变革聚焦于解决“难”与“需”的矛盾,在采煤方法与工艺、岩层控制理论与技术、成套装备研制与应用3个方面不断完善、创新、发展,实现了由非机械化向机械化开采的转变,安全产效水平大幅提升,人员劳动强度大幅下降,作业环境显著改善。20世纪90年代中期,川煤集团绿水洞煤矿首次成功实现了大倾角中厚煤层长壁综采,冲破了大倾角煤层机械化开采技术“禁区”。在此示范作用下,大倾角厚煤层长壁综放开采、大采高综采、薄煤层伪俯斜长壁综采三项首创性工程实践先后取得成功。这一过程中创新了工作面非线性限位布置与调斜方式,确立了“支架-围岩”系统稳定性多维交互控制模式,研发了工作面成套装备,取得良好收效,综合机械化开采技术适用范围进一步拓宽。与此同时,大倾角煤层开采仍存在许多亟待突破的关键科学问题与技术瓶颈,导致自动化、智能化水平提升与近水平/缓倾斜煤层相较仍存在较大差距。需进一步强化倾斜层状煤系地层煤岩体采动力学行为研究,揭示其对采场围岩灾变的控制机制,并实现量化表征;需进一步阐明岩体承载结构-采场装备群组系统间的多维动态作用过程与规律,完善装备与围岩多维动态多目标协同控制理论与技术基础,实现技术转化应用。在科学问题取得突破的基础上进行采煤方法、回采工艺、岩层控制、成套装备的系统性技术创新与研发,破解大倾角煤层开采安全-产效双提升的制约技术瓶颈,使大倾角煤层综合机械化开采倾角上限在有可靠技术保障的前提下向上延伸(扩展),为实现自动化、智能化开采奠定基础。

青岛海洋地质研究所45年来海域油气资源调查进展

石油和天然气资源是重要的能源矿产和战略性资源,海洋蕴含着丰富的油气资源,青岛海洋地质研究所(简称青岛所)自1979年重建始,便开启了海域油气资源调查、研究与评价工作的序幕。45年来,青岛所持续开展了海域及邻区含油气盆地对比、黄东海新区新层系油气资源调查评价、中国海域和海丝路海域油气勘探开发形势分析,并于2019和2021年开展了2个航次的北印度洋重点海域联合地质科学考查。本文回顾了45年以来青岛所海域油气调查与研究历史,梳理了取得的主要进展,重点介绍了海域新区新层系油气资源调查技术、东部海域新区新层系油气地质新认识、印度扇近海盆地的科学考查发现与认识、海域油气资源勘探开发总体形势与战略性方向,梳理了面临的主要挑战,同时展望了油气调查主要领域和方向,这对进一步摸清海域油气资源家底、服务海域油气矿政管理和国家能源资源安全保障具有重要意义。

基于上覆岩层应力场和裂缝场演化的采动井套管破断特征及防控对策

准确确定出煤矿采动井套管破断特征并提出相应的防控对策,能为井筒长期稳定提供重要保障。以平顶山矿区的二1煤层及上覆岩层为研究对象,采用理论计算与数值模拟软件模拟方法,确定出上覆岩层离层段应力和位移分布规律,分析了上覆岩层高度、距工作面水平距离与应力、位移的相关性,拟合出上覆岩层高度、距工作面水平距离与应力、位移的关系式;根据研究区采动井的实际开发经验,确定出最佳布井区域下的套管主要破断类型,结合常用套管力学参数,得出“两场”演化下的套管破断位置及长度等特征;对常用的采动井局部防护技术进行总结,并提出对应的防控对策。结果表明:工作面推进过程中,上覆岩层应力呈现出“波动-线性降低”的变化规律,位移呈现出“几乎未发生变化-类双曲线型”的变化规律。最佳布井区域下的采动井套管主要以拉伸缩径和剪切破断为主,选择施加套管加强件对采动井套管进行加固。研究区地面采动井三开段采用N80套管时,需在煤层上部46 m亚关键层处、54 m软硬互层处分别加设抗拉伸套管加强件和抗剪切加强件;采用P110套管时,需在煤层上部46 m亚关键层处加设抗拉伸加强件。建议研究区地面采动井三开段均采用P110套管,增加采动井的井筒稳定性。该研究成果为平顶山矿区及相似条件下采动井预防套管破断提供了理论指导。

综采工作面垮落带注浆充填开采覆岩采动裂隙定量表征试验研究

为定量表征冒落区注浆充填对覆岩采动损伤程度的影响,以任家庄煤矿110903工作面为研究背景,开展垮落法开采和垮落带充填法开采物理相似模拟实验,运用分形理论研究两者覆岩裂隙演化特征,并对其覆岩运移规律进行对比分析。研究结果表明,垮落法开采后采动裂隙分形维数变化规律为迅速上升-缓慢下降-缓慢上升-急剧上升,注浆充填开采后变化规律呈迅速上升-迅速下降-缓慢下降-缓慢上升;将采动裂隙发育网络划分为离层裂隙区、离层压实区、垮落裂隙区、竖向破断裂隙区四个区域,对比垮落法开采和垮落带充填法开采,充填后采场覆岩裂隙不发育,离层压实区范围较小,发育高度仅为21.96 m;注浆充填开采后各关键层下沉量显著减小,关键层2最大下沉量出现在顶板初次破断处,垮落法开采后关键层2最大下沉量出现在采空区中部。垮落带注浆充填开采能有效改善覆岩裂隙损伤、控制覆岩裂隙发育、减缓覆岩下沉,该成果可以为任家庄煤矿充填开采控制地表沉降提供一定的理论依据。

含海泡石层系泥质灰岩中自生黏土矿物的类型、组成与成岩演化过程--以川东地区中二叠统茅口组茅一段为例

通过野外露头剖面实测和岩心观察,结合薄片鉴定、氩离子抛光、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、能谱分析和激光剥蚀元素面扫描等方法,对四川盆地东部地区中二叠统茅口组一段(简称茅一段)含海泡石层系泥质灰岩中自生黏土矿物类型、产状及其组成进行了分析,明确黏土矿物的成岩演化序列,建立黏土矿物沉积-成岩演化模式。研究表明,川东地区茅一段在富Si^(4+)、Mg^(2+)的凉水文石海中沉淀自生海泡石矿物,形成含海泡石层系;在埋藏成岩过程中,自生黏土矿物会经历两条可能的演化序列:①早成岩A期到中成岩A_(1)期,在普遍缺乏Al^(3+)的浅埋藏环境中,海泡石维持稳定状态;中成岩A_(2)期,自生海泡石开始演化为斯蒂文石;中成岩B_(1)期演化为无序滑石;中成岩B_(2)期至晚成岩期,最终演化为滑石,形成了茅一段主要的自生黏土矿物成岩演化序列“海泡石—斯蒂文石—无序滑石—滑石”。②早成岩A期,风暴和上升洋流携带的Al^(3+)参与成岩过程,微量海泡石向蒙脱石演化,部分蒙脱石继续演化为绿泥石;早成岩B期至中成岩A_(1)期,部分蒙脱石演化为伊/蒙混层;中成岩A_(2)期至中成岩B_(2)期,伊/蒙混层向伊利石发生演化,至晚成岩期全部转化为伊利石,由此形成茅一段次级自生黏土矿物成岩演化序列“海泡石—蒙脱石—绿泥石/伊利石”。含海泡石层系泥质灰岩中自生黏土矿物的类型与演化具有两方面的油气地质意义:①海泡石吸附和聚集大量有机质,有效提升茅一段烃源岩的品质和生烃潜力。②海泡石向滑石演化过程中形成大量有机质孔和黏土收缩孔(缝),同时释放富Mg^(2+)成岩转化流体,使凹陷内或凹陷边缘区的灰岩发生白云石化,在中二叠统形成自生自储和(旁)下生(侧)上储型的源储配置新模式,提高了油气成藏效率。