Effectiveness of peripheral defocus spectacle lenses in myopia control: a Meta-analysis and systematic review

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of peripheral defocus spectacle lenses(PDLs) in myopia control. METHODS: Literature retrieval on Pub Med, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases, and the search time limit was from the establishment of each database to December 29, 2021 were conducted. Change of spherical equivalent refraction(SER) and axial change(AL) were extracted from the literatures that met the inclusion criteria, and Rev Man5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 4 randomized controlled trials(RCTs) were included in this Meta-analysis, involving 770 myopic children. The results showed that PDLs could delay the progression of myopia in children with myopia compared with single vision spectacle lenses(SVLs;WMD=0.21 D, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.41, P=0.04). However, there was no significant difference in controlling the growth of axial length(AL) in myopic children(WMD=-0.10 mm, 95%CI:-0.21, 0.01, P=0.07). The results of the effectiveness of myopia control between the two spectacle lenses showed that PDLs were more effective in controlling the progression of myopia(OR=5.73, 95%CI: 2.58, 12.70, P<0.001) and delaying the growth of AL(OR=44.25, 95%CI: 8.84, 221.58, P<0.001) than SVLs, and the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: PDLs can control the progression of myopia compared with SVLs, but cannot delay the growth of AL, and the effectiveness of PDLs in myopia control better than SVLs.

Above-average defocus curves in photopic and mesopic vision with multifocal intraocular lenses after laser assisted in situ keratomileusis

I am Dr. David P Pifiero from the Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy of the University of Alicante and from the Department of Ophthalmology of Vithas Medimar （Oftalmar） and Vithas Virgen del Carmen （Qvision） hospitals in Spain.

离焦软镜的安全性及其在近视防控中的研究进展

近视是危害全世界眼健康的常见眼科疾病,我国近视发病率较高,近视成为影响青少年眼健康最突出的问题,近视防控工作已刻不容缓。周边视网膜远视性离焦是导致近视的主要原因之一,基于此种原理设计的离焦软镜在近视防控中起到了较好的作用。文章总结了离焦软镜控制近视的原理及其对角膜、视功能的影响,并基于当前研究评价离焦软镜对近视的防控作用。

周边近视性离焦镜片联合低浓度阿托品对不同年龄青少年近视的影响及因素分析

目的 探讨不同年龄青少年在使用周边近视性离焦镜片联合低浓度阿托品治疗后的近视发展情况及影响因素。方法 选择2021年1-8月浙江省衢州市人民医院收治的100例近视青少年,均接受周边近视性离焦镜片联合低浓度(0.01%)阿托品滴眼液治疗。根据年龄将8-12岁归为少儿组(n=46),13-17岁归为青少年组(n=54),随访并分析不同年龄段配镜前、配镜后3、6及12个月的裸眼视力、眼轴长度、屈光度情况。以配镜前与配镜后12个月的屈光度增加水平分为有效组(屈光度增加≤-0.25D)65例与无效组(屈光度增加>-0.25D)35例。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析分析影响患者近视发展的相关因素。结果 两组不同时间测量的裸眼视力、眼轴长度、屈光度均存在显著性差异(P<0.05),时间与组别在裸眼视力、眼轴长度、屈光度上均存在交互作用(P<0.05)。不同年龄段对配镜后的裸眼视力、眼轴长度、屈光度均存在显著性差异(P<0.05),配镜后3、6、12个月青少年组的裸眼视力均明显低于少儿组(P<0.05),配镜后3、6、12个月青少年组的眼轴长度均明显大于少儿组(P<0.05),而青少年组屈光度则在配镜后12个月明显高于少儿组(P<0.05)。年龄、阅读距离、每日读写时间、读写间隙休息情况、每日户外运动时间、甜食摄入情况均为治疗12个月后屈光度增加情况的独立影响因素(P<0.05),其中年龄、每日读写时间、甜食摄入情况为危险性因素,阅读距离、读写间隙休息情况、每日户外运动时间均为保护性因素。结论 少儿组的裸眼视力、眼轴长度、屈光度变化均优于青少年组,年龄较小者治疗效果较好,且年龄、阅读距离、每日读写时间、读写间隙休息情况、每日户外运动时间、甜食摄入情况均为治疗12个月后屈光度增加的独立影响因素,日常生活中应予以相应关注。