PCD刀具超声振动辅助铣削TC4钛合金仿真与试验

TC4钛合金是典型的难加工材料,为解决其导热性差对铣削加工性能的影响,文章提出超声振动辅助铣削加工工艺,以提高其铣削质量。通过Abaqus建立PCD铣刀及TC4钛合金工件的仿真模型,分析超声振动对PCD铣刀切削刃温度的影响;采用单因素法设计超声振动铣削试验,研究不同超声振幅与刀具前角对PCD铣刀切削刃温度、铣削力及工件表面粗糙度的影响;并将试验结果与仿真结果进行对比,验证仿真模型的可靠性。结果表明,超声辅助铣削可大幅降低切削刃温度和铣削力,还可有效降低工件表面的粗糙度。相较普通铣削,超声铣削的切削刃平均温度由421.5℃下降到241.9℃,降幅为42.6%;铣削力由104.65 N下降到87.05 N,降幅为16.8%;工件表面粗糙度均值由0.316μm下降到0.228μm,降幅为27.8%。超声振幅较铣刀前角对表面粗糙度的影响更明显,且仿真结果和试验结果基本一致,其平均误差为4.6%。

含断屑块PCD刀具切削用量的合理选择

为了探究PCD刀具加装断屑块时的最佳断屑切削用量,通过试验观察不同切削用量时的切屑形状,将收集到的切屑分为优良屑、适宜屑、不良屑,计算3类切屑的占比;测量已加工表面的粗糙度Ra;通过有限元仿真,研究不同切削用量时的卷曲半径;通过公式计算常用断屑块位置参数下含断屑块PCD刀具的极限进给量、极限背吃刀量;结合试验与仿真结果得出最佳断屑区域及优良屑的切削用量范围。结果表明:随进给量与背吃刀量的增加,断屑块的断屑效果提升,当卷曲半径为0.5~0.6mm时易形成优良屑,得到含断屑块PCD刀具获得优良屑的切削用量范围,为其在工程应用中提供参考。

PCD刀具精密车削TC4钛合金的实验研究

采用PCD刀具对钛合金Ti-6Al-4V进行湿式外圆车削实验,并计算不同进给量下的理论粗糙度,基于单因素实验方法研究了切削用量对切削力和工件已加工表面粗糙度的影响规律。结果表明:在实验参数范围内,主切削力随切削深度的增大而显著增加,进给量次之;轴向力和径向力随切削深度的增大而增大,但增加幅度不大;主切削力随进给量的增大而有较大增加,但进给量对径向力和轴向力的影响较小;整体上各切削分力随切削速度的增大而有所增加,但增幅较小。进给量对工件表面粗糙度影响最大,而且进给量越大,实际切削工件粗糙度与理论计算值越接近。

PCD刀具端面车削碳纤维增强碳化硅基复合刹车材料的试验研究

通过PCD刀具对C_(f)/SiC进行端面车削试验,研究切削参数对切削力和表面粗糙度的影响规律,并深入分析材料的切削去除机理。结果表明:主轴转速n、进给量f和背吃刀量a_(p)均对切削力和表面粗糙度Sa造成影响,背吃刀量对各切削力影响最大,进给量对表面粗糙度影响最大。C_(f)/SiC以脆性断裂去除方式为主,主要加工缺陷为基体破碎脱落、微裂纹、纤维露头及拔除、界面脱粘与分层。试验结果证明,C_(f)/SiC可以通过端面车削方式控制加工缺陷的产生,且其切削表面粗糙度Sa可达到3.2μm,即C_(f)/SiC可以实现半精加工。试验最佳切削用量为n=710r/min,f=0.05mm/r,a_(p)=0.30mm。

碳纤维复合材料PCD刀具低温和干式制孔试验研究

目的针对CFRP开展二氧化碳低温冷却和干式条件下的PCD刀具制孔试验研究,从而提高CFRP材料的切削性能、制孔精度及制孔质量。方法在传统钻孔和低温冷却条件下,采用常规和织构PCD刀具开展制孔试验,分析不同切削参数下的轴向推力、总切削力、入口直径和相对误差、表面黏结、孔壁形貌及缺陷的差异性。结果在干式和低温冷却条件下,CFRP钻入过程产生的轴向推力和总切削力均随着进给速度的增大而不断增大;在试验条件下,当进给速度增大时,PCD刀具+干式、PCD刀具+低温及PCD织构刀具+低温3种方式下获得的入口直径相对误差范围分别为0.29%~0.42%、0.57%~1.15%、0.38%~0.89%;与干式加工相比,低温冷却有效抑制了刀具切屑黏结;总体来说,在低温冷却下,孔壁表面有明显的纤维断裂,形成较多的纤维断口坑、微裂纹,树脂表面涂覆均匀性较差。结论在CFRP钻孔过程中,相对于干式钻孔,在相同切削参数下,低温冷却下可以获得更大的切削力;与低温冷却相比,采用干式钻孔能够提高入口直径尺寸的制孔精度,有效提高抗黏结效果;总体来说,相同切削参数下,干式制孔获得的孔壁表面更加平整和均匀。

Modifications in aroma characteristics of'Merlot'dry red wines aged in American,French and Slovakian oak barrels with different toasting degrees

Aging in oak barrels is widely used in enology which could bring flavor changes and aromatic complexity to wines.In the present study,the aroma compounds were analyzed from the‘Merlot’dry red wines,which were fermented in two types of fermenters(stainless steel tank and rotated oak barrel)and aged in six types of oak barrels(three geographic origins×two toasting degrees)for different time(0,3,6 and 9 months,respectively).Results showed that 30 volatiles were associated with barrels and increased during oak aging.The fermenters could influence the intensities of the toast,leathery,smoky,fruity,floral and caramel aromas.The concentration of whisky lactone,eugenol,cis-isoeugenol,and the intensities of the toast and spicy aromas were highest in the wines aged in American oak and were lowest in the wines aged in French oak barrels.The concentrations of guaiacol,syringol,trans-isoeugenol,furfural alcohol,vanilla,cis-whisky lactone enabled the medium toasting barrels to be distinguished from the light toasting ones.The compounds originating from the barrels could be used to distinguish the types of different barrels,but the other general grape-derived and fermentation-derived volatiles could not.The fermenters,oak species and toasting degrees of the barrels all had significant effects on the aroma profiles of the aged‘Merlot’dry red wines,but the influence of the geographic origin was not obvious.

Research on Condenser Deterioration Evolution Trend Based on ANP-EWM Fusion Health Degree

This study presents a proposed method for assessing the condition and predicting the future status of condensers operating in seawater over an extended period.The aim is to address the problems of scaling and corrosion,which lead to increased loss of cold resources.The method involves utilising a set of multivariate feature parameters associated with the condenser as input for evaluation and trend prediction.This methodology offers a precise means of determining the optimal timing for condenser cleaning,with the ultimate goal of improving its overall performance.The proposed approach involves the integration of the analytic network process with subjective expert experience and the entropy weightmethod with objective big data analysis to develop a fusion health degreemodel.The mathematical model is constructed quantitatively using the improved Mahalanobis distance.Furthermore,a comprehensive prediction model is developed by integrating the improved Informer model and Markov error correction.This model takes into account the health status of the equipment and several influencing factors,includingmultivariate feature characteristics.This model facilitates the objective examination and prediction of the progression of equipment deterioration trends.The present study involves the computation and verification of the field time series data,which serves to demonstrate the accuracy of the condenser health-related models proposed in this research.These models effectively depict the real condition and temporal variations of the equipment,thus offering a valuable method for determining the precise cleaning time required for the condenser.

Modelling rapid non-destructive test using light weight deflectometer on granular soils across different degrees of saturation

This study introduces an advanced finite element model for the light weight deflectometer(LWD),which integrates contact mechanics with fully coupled models.By simulating LWD tests on granular soils at various saturation levels,the model accurately reflects the dependence of the LWD modulus on dry density,water content,and effective stress.This model addresses and overcomes the limitations of previous finite element models for this specific problem.Simultaneously,this research presents the first experimentally validated fully coupled contact impact model.Furthermore,the research provides a comparative assessment of elastoplastic and nonlinear elastic models and contrasts an enriched node-tosegment method(developed in this study)with the more precise mortar technique for contact mechanics.These comparisons reveal unique advantages and challenges for each method.Moreover,the study underscores the importance of careful application of the LWD modulus,emphasising the need for sophisticated tools to interpret soil behaviour accurately.

Health effects of fruit juices and beverages with varying degrees of processing

The degree of processing is rarely considered an independent factor in the health effects of fruit juices and beverages(FJBs)consumption.In fact,the consumption of ultra-processed foods has been shown to pose health risks.In this study,we first integrated 4 systems used to classify the degree of food processing and then classified FJBs into three major categories,low(minimal),moderate and high.Second,we compared the differences in attitudes towards FJBs in dietary guidelines.Third,we integrated the results of existing epidemiological surveys,randomized controlled trials,and animal experiments to explore the health risks associated with consuming FJBs.Deepening the processing of FJBs has been found to lead to an increased risk of diseases.Dietary pattern,nutrients,addition agents and consumer preferences may be influential factors.Finally,we investigated whether there were any changes in the health benefits of 100%fruit juices produced by different processing methods.In conclusion,minimally/moderately processed 100%fruit juices provide more health benefits than highly processed fruit beverages.The results support the need to consider the extent of FJBs processing in future studies to adjust official nutritional recommendations for beverage consumption.

Wellbore Cleaning Degree and Hydraulic Extension in Shale Oil Horizontal Wells

The efficient development and exploitation of shale oil depends on long-distance horizontal wells. As the degreeof cleaning of the wellbore plays a key role in these processes, in this study, this problem is investigated experimentallyby focusing on the dimensionless cuttings bed height. A method is proposed to calculate the horizontalwellhydraulic extension taking into account the influence of the wellbore cleaning degree on the wellborepressure distribution and assess the effect of a variety of factors such as the bottom hole pressure, the circulatingpressure drop, the drilling pump performance and the formation properties. The analysis shows that the hydraulicextension of horizontal wells decreases with an increase in the cuttings bed height, and the higher the displacementof drilling fluid, the faster the hydraulic extension declines. The annular pressure drop of the horizontalsection increases with the increase of the cuttings bed height, resulting in a higher bottom-hole pressure. Severalarguments are provided to guide the safe drilling of shale oil horizontal wells and overcome the limits of currenttechnological approaches.

A related degree-based frequent pattern mining algorithm for railway fault data

It is of great significance to improve the efficiency of railway production and operation by realizing the fault knowledge association through the efficient data mining algorithm.However,high utility quantitative frequent pattern mining algorithms in the field of data mining still suffer from the problems of low time-memory performance and are not easy to scale up.In the context of such needs,we propose a related degree-based frequent pattern mining algorithm,named Related High Utility Quantitative Item set Mining(RHUQI-Miner),to enable the effective mining of railway fault data.The algorithm constructs the item-related degree structure of fault data and gives a pruning optimization strategy to find frequent patterns with higher related degrees,reducing redundancy and invalid frequent patterns.Subsequently,it uses the fixed pattern length strategy to modify the utility information of the item in the mining process so that the algorithm can control the length of the output frequent pattern according to the actual data situation and further improve the performance and practicability of the algorithm.The experimental results on the real fault dataset show that RHUQI-Miner can effectively reduce the time and memory consumption in the mining process,thus providing data support for differentiated and precise maintenance strategies.

Triad-displaced ULAs configuration for non-circular sources with larger continuous virtual aperture and enhanced degrees of freedom

Non-uniform linear array(NULA)configurations are well renowned due to their structural ability for providing increased degrees of freedom(DOF)and wider array aperture than uniform linear arrays(ULAs).These characteristics play a significant role in improving the direction-of-arrival(DOA)estimation accuracy.However,most of the existing NULA geometries are primarily applicable to circular sources(CSs),while they limitedly improve the DOF and continuous virtual aperture for noncircular sources(NCSs).Toward this purpose,we present a triaddisplaced ULAs(Tdis-ULAs)configuration for NCS.The TdisULAs structure generally consists of three ULAs,which are appropriately placed.The proposed antenna array approach fully exploits the non-circular characteristics of the sources.Given the same number of elements,the Tdis-ULAs design achieves more DOF and larger hole-free co-array aperture than its sparse array competitors.Advantageously,the number of uniform DOF,optimal distribution of elements among the ULAs,and precise element positions are uniquely determined by the closed-form expressions.Moreover,the proposed array also produces a filled resulting co-array.Numerical simulations are conducted to show the performance advantages of the proposed Tdis-ULAs configuration over its counterpart designs.

Degree of Freedom Analysis for Holographic MIMO Based on a Mutual-Coupling-Compliant Channel Model

Degree of freedom(DOF)is a key indicator for spatial multiplexing layers of a wireless channel.Traditionally,the channel of a multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)half-wavelength dipole array has a DOF that equals the antenna number.However,recent studies suggest that the DOF could be less than the antenna number when strong mutual coupling is considered.We utilize a mutual-coupling-compliant channel model to investigate the DOF of the holographic MIMO(HMIMO)channel and give a upper bound of the DOF with strong mutual coupling.Our numerical simulations demonstrate that a dense array can support more DOF per unit aperture as compared with a half-wavelength MIMO system.

三菱化学生物基PCD用于西铁城手表表带制造

三菱化学集团宣布,其生物基聚碳酸酯二醇(PCD)BENEBiOL因具有高耐用性和环保型的特点,被西铁城手表有限公司选中,用于生产制造2024年秋冬PROMASTER型号手表的表带。BENEBiOL具有全新的化学结构,生物基含量高达93%。此外,它还具有优于传统石油基PCD的耐用性和耐化学性,可以作为油漆和涂料、弹性体以及合成革的关键成分应用于汽车、家具、户外装备中。PROMASTER是专业运动手表中的标志性产品,以其在海、陆、空等极端户外环境中的卓越耐用性和可靠性而闻名。凭借该产品,三菱化学集团成为全球首个开发生物质基PCD的公司。

超导下PCD与开腹术治疗重症急性胰腺炎合并胰腺坏死感染的有效性和安全性比较

对比在重症急性胰腺炎合并胰腺坏死感染的患者治疗中,采用超导下经皮穿刺置管引流术与开腹术治疗的有效性和安全性。方法 以共132例在2014年2月至2018年5月132例患有SAP合并胰腺坏死感染的患者进行研究,依据不同手术方案,分成PCD组及开腹组,组内患者数量分别是68例(超导下PCD手术方案)、64例(开腹手术引流)。比较两组临床疗效、围术期相关指标、炎症状态[降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、髓样分化蛋白-88、p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶mRNA表达量]、实验室相关指标[血淀粉酶、尿淀粉酶、白细胞计数、血糖]、并发症。结果 两组对比,PCD组(82.35%)与开腹组(81.25%)对比未体现统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 与开腹术相比,超导下PCD治疗SAP合并胰腺坏死感染的有效性相当,但超导下PCD在抑制炎症反应、改善血尿淀粉酶等指标、降低术后并发症风险上具有优势。

Probability Distribution of China Aviation Network Average Degree of Edge Vertices and Its Evolutionary Trace Based on Complex Network

In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network, the probability distribution and evolution trace of average degree of edge vertices of China aviation network were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015. According to the theory and method of complex network, the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network. Based on the statistical data, the average degrees of edge vertices in China aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015 were calculated. Using the probability statistical analysis method and regression analysis approach, it was found that the average degree of edge vertices had the probability distribution of normal function and the position parameters and scale parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.

Probability Distribution of Ratio of China Aviation Network Edge Vertices Degree and Its Evolutionary Trace Based on Complex Network

In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network, the probability distribution and evolution trace of ratio of China aviation network edge vertices degree were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015. According to the theory and method of complex network, the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network. Based on the statistical data, the ratio of edge vertices degree in China aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015 were calculated. Using the probability statistical analysis method and regression analysis approach, it was found that the ratio of edge vertices degree had linear probability distribution and the two parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.

Nonlinear Relationship and Its Evolutionary Trace between Node Degree and Average Path Length of China Aviation Network Based on Complex Network

In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the relationship between the node degree and the average path length of China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 was studied.According to the theory and method of complex network,the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the airline as the edge of the network.On the basis of the statistical data,the node average path length of China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 was calculated.Through regression analysis,it was found that the node degree had a logarithmic relationship with the average length of node path,and the two parameters of the logarithmic relationship had linear evolutionary trace.Key word:China aviation network,complex network,node degree,average length of node path,logarithmic relationship,evolutionary trace.

Probability Distribution of Arithmetic Average of China Aviation Network Edge Vertices Nearest Neighbor Average Degree Value and Its Evolutionary Trace Based on Complex Network

In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the probability distribution and evolution trace of arithmetic average of edge vertices nearest neighbor average degree values of China aviation network were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015.According to the theory and method of complex network,the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network.Based on the statistical data,the arithmetic averages of edge vertices nearest neighbor average degree values of China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 were calculated.Using the probability statistical analysis method,it was found that the arithmetic average of edge vertices nearest neighbor average degree values had the probability distribution of normal function and the position parameters and scale parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.

Nonlinear Relationship and Its Evolutionary Trace between Average Degree and Average Path Length of Edge Vertices of China Aviation Network Based on Complex Network

In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the relationship between the average degree and the average path length of edge vertices of China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 was studied.According to the theory and method of complex network,the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the airline as the edge of the network.On the basis of the statistical data,the average degree and average path length of edge vertices of China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 were calculated.Through regression analysis,it was found that the average degree had a logarithmic relationship with the average path length of edge vertices and the two parameters of the logarithmic relationship had linear evolutionary trace.