Fatal multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency caused by ETFDH gene mutation:A case report

BACKGROUND Multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency(MADD)is a disease of rare autosomal recessive disorder.There are three types of MADD.Type I is a neonatalonset form with congenital anomalies.Type II is a neonatal-onset form without congenital anomalies.Type III is considered to a milder form and usually responds to riboflavin.However,late-onset form could also be fatal and not responsive to treatments.CASE SUMMARY We report a severe case of a young man with onset type III MADD induced by drugs and strenuous exercise characterized by rhabdomyolysis and liver dysfunction.Urine analysis indicated 12 out of 70 kinds of organic acids like glutaric acid-2 were detected.Serum analysis in genetic metabolic diseases revealed 24 out of 43 tested items were abnormal,revealing the elevation of several acylcarnitines and the reduction of carnitine in the patient.By next generation sequencing technology for gene sequencing related to fatty acid oxidation and carnitine cycle defects,a rare ETFDH gene variant was identified:NM_004453:4:C.1448C>T(p.Pro483 Leu).The patient was diagnosed with lateonset GAII.He was not responsive to riboflavin and progressively worsened into multiple organ failure that finally led to death.CONCLUSION Type III MADD can also be fatal and not responsive to treatments.

Hypomethylation of glycine dehydrogenase promoter in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a new diagnostic marker of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

Background: Glycine dehydrogenase(GLDC) plays an important role in the initiation and proliferation of several human cancers. In this study, we aimed to detect the methylation status of GLDC promoter and its diagnostic value for hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma(HBV-HCC). Methods: We enrolled 197 patients, 111 with HBV-HCC, 51 with chronic hepatitis B(CHB), and 35 healthy controls(HCs). The methylation status of GLDC promoter in peripheral mononuclear cells(PBMCs) was identified by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction(MSP). The mRNA expression was examined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR). Results: The methylation frequency of the GLDC promoter was significantly lower in HBV-HCC patients(27.0%) compared to that in CHB patients(68.6%) and HCs(74.3%)( P < 0.001). The methylated group had lower alanine aminotransferase level( P = 0.035) and lower rates of tumor node metastasis(TNM) Ⅲ/Ⅳ( P = 0.043) and T3/T4( P = 0.026). TNM stage was identified to be an independent factor for GLDC promoter methylation. GLDC mRNA levels in CHB patients and HCs were significantly lower than those in HBV-HCC patients( P = 0.022 and P < 0.001, respectively). GLDC mRNA levels were significantly higher in HBV-HCC patients with unmethylated GLDC promoters than those with methylated GLDC promoters( P = 0.003). The diagnostic accuracy of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) combined with GLDC promoter methylation for HBV-HCC was improved compared with that of AFP alone(AUC: 0.782 vs. 0.630, P < 0.001). In addition, GLDC promoter methylation was an independent predictor for overall survival of HBV-HCC patients( P = 0.038). Conclusions: The methylation frequency of GLDC promoter was lower in PBMCs from HBV-HCC patients than that from patients with CHB and HCs. The combination of AFP and GLDC promoter hypomethylation significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy of HBV-HCC.

Analysis of the potential biological value of pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunitβin human cancer

BACKGROUND The pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunitβ(PDHB)gene which regulates energy metabolism is located in mitochondria.However,few studies have elucidated the role and mechanism of PDHB in different cancers.AIM To comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of PDHB was performed based on bioinformatics approaches to explore its tumor diagnostic and prognostic value and tumor immune relevance in cancer.In vitro experiments were performed to examine the biological regulation of PDHB in liver cancer.METHODS Pan-cancer data related to PDHB were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database.Analysis of the gene expression profiles of PDHB was based on TCGA and Genotype Tissue Expression Dataset databases.Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier methods were used to assess the correlation between PDHB expression and survival prognosis in cancer patients.The correlation between PDHB and receiver operating characteristic diagnostic curve,clinicopathological staging,somatic mutation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),microsatellite instability(MSI),DNA methylation,and drug susceptibility in pan-cancer was also analyzed.Various algorithms were used to analyze the correlation between PDHB and immune cell infiltration and tumor chemotaxis environment,as well as the co-expression analysis of PDHB and immune checkpoint(ICP)genes.The expression and functional phenotype of PDHB in single tumor cells were studied by single-cell sequencing,and the functional enrichment analysis of PDHB-related genes was performed.The study also validated the level of mRNA or protein expression of PDHB in several cancers.Finally,in vitro experiments verified the regulatory effect of PDHB on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of liver cancer.RESULTS PDHB was significantly and differently expressed in most cancers.PDHB was significantly associated with prognosis in patients with a wide range of cancers,including kidney renal clear cell carcinoma,kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma,breast invasive carcinoma,and brain lower grade glioma.In some cancers,PDHB expression was clearly associated with gene mutations,clinicopathological stages,and expression of TMB,MSI,and ICP genes.The expression of PDHB was closely related to the infiltration of multiple immune cells in the immune microenvironment and the regulation of tumor chemotaxis environment.In addition,single-cell sequencing results showed that PDHB correlated with different biological phenotypes of multiple cancer single cells.This study further demonstrated that down-regulation of PDHB expression inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion functions of hepatoma cells.CONCLUSION As a member of pan-cancer,PDHB may be a novel cancer marker with potential value in diagnosing cancer,predicting prognosis,and in targeted therapy.

Direct detection of a single[4Fe-4S]cluster in a tungsten-containing enzyme:Electrochemical conversion of CO_(2) into formate by formate dehydrogenase

The conversion of CO_(2) into fuels and valuable chemicals is one of the central topics to combat climate change and meet the growing demand for renewable energy.Herein,we show that the formate dehydrogenase from Clostridium ljungdahlii(ClFDH)adsorbed on electrodes displays clear characteristic voltammetric signals that can be assigned to the reduction and oxidation potential of the[4Fe-4S]^(2+/+)cluster under nonturnover conditions.Upon adding substrates,the signals transform into a specific redox center that engages in catalytic electron transport.ClFDH catalyzes rapid and efficient reversible interconversion between CO_(2) and formate in the presence of substrates.The turnover frequency of electrochemical CO_(2) reduction is determined as 1210 s^(-1) at 25℃ and pH 7.0,which can be further enhanced up to 1786 s^(-1) at 50℃.The Faradaic efficiency at−0.6 V(vs.standard hydrogen electrode)is recorded as 99.3%in a 2-h reaction.Inhibition experiments and theoretical modeling disclose interesting pathways for CO_(2) entry,formate exit,and OCN−competition,suggesting an oxidation-state-dependent binding mechanism of catalysis.Our results provide a different perspective for understanding the catalytic mechanism of FDH and original insights into the design of synthetic catalysts.

Combinatorial co-expression of xanthine dehydrogenase and chaperone XdhC from Acinetobacter baumannii and Rhodobacter capsulatus and their applications in decreasing purine content in food

This study investigated the combinatorial expression of xanthine dehydrogenase(XDH)and chaperone XdhC from Acinetobacter baumannii and Rhodobacter capsulatus and their applications in decreasing purine content in the beer,beef and yeast.Naturally occurring xdhABC gene clusters of A.baumannii CICC 10254 and R.capsulatus CGMCC 1.3366 as well as two refactored clusters constructed by exchanging their xdhC genes were overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified to near homogeneity.RcXDH chaperoned by AbXdhC showed nearly the same catalytic performance as that by RcXdhC,except for the decreased substrate affinity.While the AbXDH co-expressed with RcXdhC displayed enhanced acidic adaptation but weakened catalytic activity.All the XDHs degraded purines in beer,beef and yeast extract effectively,indicating potential applications in low-purine foods to prevent hyperuricemia and gout.The study also presents a method for exploiting the better chaperone XdhC and novel XDHs by functional complement activity using existing XdhCs such as RcXdhC.

F-box only protein 2 exacerbates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by targeting the hydroxyl CoA dehydrogenase alpha subunit

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a major health burden with an increasing global incidence.Unfortunately,the unavailability of knowledge underlying NAFLD pathogenesis inhibits effective preventive and therapeutic measures.AIM To explore the molecular mechanism of NAFLD.METHODS Whole genome sequencing(WGS)analysis was performed on liver tissues from patients with NAFLD(n=6)and patients with normal metabolic conditions(n=6)to identify the target genes.A NAFLD C57BL6/J mouse model induced by 16 wk of high-fat diet feeding and a hepatocyte-specific F-box only protein 2(FBXO2)overexpression mouse model were used for in vivo studies.Plasmid transfection,co-immunoprecipitation-based mass spectrometry assays,and ubiquitination in HepG2 cells and HEK293T cells were used for in vitro studies.RESULTS A total of 30982 genes were detected in WGS analysis,with 649 up-regulated and 178 down-regulated.Expression of FBXO2,an E3 ligase,was upregulated in the liver tissues of patients with NAFLD.Hepatocyte-specific FBXO2 overexpression facilitated NAFLD-associated phenotypes in mice.Overexpression of FBXO2 aggravated odium oleate(OA)-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells,resulting in an abnormal expression of genes related to lipid metabolism,such as fatty acid synthase,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha,and so on.In contrast,knocking down FBXO2 in HepG2 cells significantly alleviated the OA-induced lipid accumulation and aberrant expression of lipid metabolism genes.The hydroxyl CoA dehydrogenase alpha subunit(HADHA),a protein involved in oxidative stress,was a target of FBXO2-mediated ubiquitination.FBXO2 directly bound to HADHA and facilitated its proteasomal degradation in HepG2 and HEK293T cells.Supplementation with HADHA alleviated lipid accumulation caused by FBXO2 overexpression in HepG2 cells.CONCLUSION FBXO2 exacerbates lipid accumulation by targeting HADHA and is a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD。

Carbon Chain Length Determines Inhibitory Potency of Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic Acids on Human Placental 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 1:Screening,Structure-Activity Relationship,and In Silico Analysis

Objective This study aimed to compare 9 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids(PFSA)with carbon chain lengths(C4–C12)to inhibit human placental 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1(3β-HSD1),aromatase,and rat 3β-HSD4 activities.Methods Human and rat placental 3β-HSDs activities were determined by converting pregnenolone to progesterone and progesterone secretion in JEG-3 cells was determined using HPLC/MS–MS,and human aromatase activity was determined by radioimmunoassay.Results PFSA inhibited human 3β-HSD1 structure-dependently in the order:perfluorooctanesulfonic acid(PFOS,half-maximum inhibitory concentration,IC50:9.03±4.83μmol/L)>perfluorodecanesulfonic acid(PFDS,42.52±8.99μmol/L)>perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid(PFHpS,112.6±29.39μmol/L)>perfluorobutanesulfonic acid(PFBS)=perfluoropentanesulfonic acid(PFPS)=perfluorohexanesulfonic acid(PFHxS)=perfluorododecanesulfonic acid(PFDoS)(ineffective at 100μmol/L).6:2FTS(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctanesulfonic acid)and 8:2FTS(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecanesulfonic acid)did not inhibit human 3β-HSD1.PFOS and PFHpS are mixed inhibitors,whereas PFDS is a competitive inhibitor.Moreover,1–10μmol/L PFOS and PFDS significantly reduced progesterone biosynthesis in JEG-3 cells.Docking analysis revealed that PFSA binds to the steroid-binding site of human 3β-HSD1 in a carbon chain length-dependent manner.All 100μmol/L PFSA solutions did not affect rat 3β-HSD4 and human placental aromatase activity.Conclusion Carbon chain length determines inhibitory potency of PFSA on human placental 3β-HSD1 in a V-shaped transition at PFOS(C8),with inhibitory potency of PFOS>PFDS>PFHpS>PFBS=PFPS=PFHxS=PFDoS=6:2FTS=8:2FTS.

Choline dehydrogenase interacts with SQSTM1 to activate mitophagy and promote coelomocyte survival in Apostichopus japonicus following Vibrio splendidus infection

Previous studies have shown that Vibrio splendidus infection causes mitochondrial damage in Apostichopus japonicus coelomocytes,leading to the production of excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)and irreversible apoptotic cell death.Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial autophagy(mitophagy)is the most effective method for eliminating damaged mitochondria and ROS,with choline dehydrogenase(CHDH)identified as a novel mitophagy receptor that can recognize non-ubiquitin damage signals and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)in vertebrates.However,the functional role of CHDH in invertebrates is largely unknown.In this study,we observed a significant increase in the mRNA and protein expression levels of A.japonicus CHDH(AjCHDH)in response to V.splendidus infection and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)challenge,consistent with changes in mitophagy under the same conditions.Notably,AjCHDH was localized to the mitochondria rather than the cytosol following V.splendidus infection.Moreover,AjCHDH knockdown using si RNA transfection significantly reduced mitophagy levels,as observed through transmission electron microscopy and confocal microscopy.Further investigation into the molecular mechanisms underlying CHDH-regulated mitophagy showed that AjCHDH lacked an LC3-interacting region(LIR)for direct binding to LC3 but possessed a FB1 structural domain that binds to SQSTM1.The interaction between AjCHDH and SQSTM1 was further confirmed by immunoprecipitation analysis.Furthermore,laser confocal microscopy indicated that SQSTM1 and LC3 were recruited by AjCHDH in coelomocytes and HEK293T cells.In contrast,AjCHDH interference hindered SQSTM1 and LC3 recruitment to the mitochondria,a critical step in damaged mitochondrial degradation.Thus,AjCHDH interference led to a significant increase in both mitochondrial and intracellular ROS,followed by increased apoptosis and decreased coelomocyte survival.Collectively,these findings indicate that AjCHDH-mediated mitophagy plays a crucial role in coelomocyte survival in A.japonicus following V.splendidus infection.

NLR、LDH、IL-6在肺炎支原体肺炎患儿病情及预后评估中的价值

目的探讨肺炎支原体肺炎(Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia,MPP)患儿中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)、白细胞介素-6(lnterleukin-6,IL-6)水平在预后评估中的价值。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选取2020年9月至2021年2月昆明市儿童医院收治的180例MPP患儿作为观察组,其中普通患儿104例,重症患儿76例;另选取同期健康体检儿童60例作为对照组。比较观察组和对照组NLR、LDH、IL-6水平,评价NLR、LDH、IL-6对MPP患儿病情严重程度的评估价值。根据MPP预后情况,将患儿分为预后不良组(n=35)和预后良好组(n=145)。比较不同预后MMP患儿的临床资料、NLR、LDH、IL-6水平,分析MPP患儿预后影响因素及NLR、LDH、IL-6与临床肺部感染评分(Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score,CPIS)、白细胞计数(white blood cell count,WBC)、降钙素原(procalcitonim,PCT)及C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)的相关性。统计学方法采用t检验、χ^(2)检验、Logistic回归分析、受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析、Spearman模型分析。结果观察组普通、重症患儿及对照组儿童NLR分别为1.5±0.3、2.2±0.3、1.2±0.2,LDH水平分别为(439.8±30.1)U/L、(528.6±35.6)U/L、(125.8±28.9)U/L,IL-6水平分别为(18.3±1.3)ng/L、(25.8±2.1)ng/L、(9.5±1.2)ng/L;观察组普通、重症患儿NLR、LDH、IL-6水平高于对照组(NLR:t=10.135、27.514,LDH:t=86.323、103.974,IL-6:t=44.834、84.297,P值均<0.05),且观察组普通患儿NLR、LDH、IL-6水平低于重症患儿(NLR:t=20.599,LDH:t=26.252,IL-6:t=48.065,P值均<0.05)。NLR、LDH、IL-6联合评估的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)最大,为0.911,灵敏度、特异度分别为82.89%、89.42%;CPIS评分(OR=7.232,95%CI:5.055~10.347)、WBC(OR=6.839,95%CI:4.752~9.844)、PCT(OR=8.882,95%CI:6.375~12.374)、CRP(OR=11.520,95%CI:8.125~16.333)、NLR(OR=11.517,95%CI:7.852~16.894)、LDH(OR=11.881,95%CI:7.698~18.337)、IL-6(OR=12.424,95%CI:8.025~19.235)均为MPP患儿预后的独立危险因素(P值均<0.05);MPP患儿NLR、LDH、IL-6水平与CPIS评分、WBC、PCT、CRP均呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。结论MPP患儿NLR、LDH、IL-6水平明显升高,可作为MPP病情及预后评估的潜在指标。

Ki-67及IDH1-R132H在神经胶质瘤中的表达水平及临床意义

目的检测Ki-67及异柠檬酸脱氢酶-R132H(IDH1-R132H)在中枢神经系统胶质瘤细胞中的表达情况,进一步探讨其临床价值。方法收集手术切除并经病理确诊的脑胶质瘤患者41例为研究对象,取同期因颅脑外伤及自发性颅内出血行血肿清除开颅手术而获取的正常脑组织13例作空白对照。免疫组化法检测并比较Ki-67及IDH1-R132H在神经胶质瘤及对照组中蛋白表达情况。结果Ki-67在Ⅲ~Ⅳ级中的阳性率(93.7%)明显高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ级肿瘤组织(45.4%),两组差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.748,P<0.05),在正常脑组织中表达为阴性;IDH1-R132H在Ⅱ和Ⅲ级中的阳性率(83.3%)明显高于Ⅰ和Ⅳ级肿瘤组织(47.0%),两组差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.047,P<0.05),在正常脑组织中表达为阴性;IDH1-R132H阴性表达和阳性表达组中,Ki-67蛋白阳性表达率,两组差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.055,P<0.05),进一步行相关性分析,差异有统计学意义(r=-0.314,P<0.05)。结论Ki-67和IDH1-R132H蛋白表达水平可指导脑胶质瘤患者临床实践,提供一定的参考依据。

乳酸脱氢酶/白蛋白对多发性骨髓瘤患者硼替佐米化疗耐药的影响

目的 探讨乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)/白蛋白(ALB)对多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者硼替佐米化疗耐药的影响。方法 回顾性分析商丘市第一人民医院2021年5月至2023年5月收治的124例MM患者的临床资料。所有患者均已接受4个周期的硼替佐米联合地塞米松化疗。依据MM疗效评价标准评定化疗耐药情况,将发生耐药患者资料纳入发生组(16例),未发生耐药患者资料纳入未发生组(108例)。比较两组性别、Durie-Salmon分期、MM病程等一般资料;比较化疗前测得的LDH、ALB及其他实验室指标,并计算LDH/ALB值。通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线和点二列相关性分析探讨LDH/ALB对MM患者硼替佐米化疗耐药的影响。结果 发生组Ⅲ期占比、LDH、LDH/ALB高于未发生组,ALB低于未发生组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经点二列相关性分析显示,LDH/ALB、LDH、ALB与MM患者硼替佐米化疗耐药发生有关(P<0.05)。绘制ROC曲线,结果显示,LDH、ALB、LDH/ALB预测MM患者硼替佐米化疗耐药发生的曲线下面积值分别为0.791、0.780、0.849,LDH/ALB预测价值最高。结论 LDH/ALB可对MM患者硼替佐米化疗耐药产生影响,其值越高,化疗耐药发生率越高。

肇庆市68308名新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症筛查结果综合分析

目的:分析肇庆市68308名新生儿的葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺乏症筛查结果。方法:选取2021年1月—2022年12月在肇庆市出生的68308名新生儿为研究对象,采集全部新生儿的足跟血,以荧光分析法对G6PD缺乏症进行初筛,对可疑阳性者召回,采集静脉血以连续监测法进行确诊。结果:2021年共筛查35610名,初筛阳性3580名,占比10.05%(3580/35610);2022年共筛查32698名,初筛阳性2983名,占比9.12%(2983/32698);6563例初筛阳性者,进行确诊检查,其中2021年确诊2585例,2022年确诊2153例,共确诊4738例G6PD缺乏症,确诊率为6.94%(4738/68308)。6563例初筛阳性者中,男5186例,女1377例;男婴初筛阳性中,共确诊3829例,确诊率为5.61%(3829/68308),女婴初筛阳性者中,共确诊909例,确诊率为1.33%(909/68308),男婴初筛阳性确诊率高于女婴初筛阳性确诊率,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=33.148,P<0.05);4738例G6PD缺乏症中,重度缺乏1130例,占比23.85%(1130/4738),中度缺乏1067例,占比22.52%(1067/4738),轻度缺乏2541例,占比53.63%(2541/4738)。结论:肇庆市68308名新生儿中,G6PD缺乏症以男婴为主,病情多为轻度缺乏。

不同诱导物对白地霉中高级醇脱氢酶的影响

化学或物理因子作为诱导物,能够直接或间接影响菌体基因转录表达。为探索高级醇底物对白地霉的诱导效果,以分离自土壤的白地霉S12为对象,采用五种高级醇(正丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、正己醇和异戊醇)作为诱导物,研究不同高级醇的诱导剂量、诱导时间对菌体S12降解不同高级醇活性及脱氢酶活力的影响。结果表明,当正己醇和异丁醇分别作为诱导剂时,胞内酶活力较高。正丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇和正己醇作为诱导剂时,最适诱导时间均为6 h;而以异戊醇为诱导剂时,最佳诱导时间为12 h。以正丙醇和正己醇为诱导剂时,最适的诱导浓度为1.5 g/L;以正丁醇、异丁醇和异戊醇为诱导剂时,最适诱导浓度分别为1.0、0.5和2.5 g/L。NativePAGE电泳结果表明,以五种高级醇为诱导剂均能使菌体合成分子量为223 kDa左右的脱氢酶。其中,以正己醇为诱导剂时所得菌体同时降解多种高级醇的能力最强,其降解产物均为其相应的酸类和酯类物质。

碱性磷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶及Gleason分级用于评估低风险转移性激素敏感型前列腺癌预后的价值

目的探究碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)及Gleason分级用于评估低风险转移性激素敏感型前列腺癌(mHSPC)预后的价值,为低风险mHSPC患者的诊疗提供科学参考。方法回顾性分析2015年至2021年丽水市人民医院低风险mHSPC患者,以出现去势抵抗性前列腺癌(CRPC)作为不良预后的主要结局指标,将48例出现CRPC的患者纳入观察组,未出现CRPC的48例患者纳入对照组。比较两组患者ALP、LDH和Gleason分级状况,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析ALP、LDH、Gleason分级对mHSPC出现不良预后的预测作用。结果观察组患者ALP和LDH水平明显高于对照组,观察组Gleason分级4~5级患者占比明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。高ALP(≥300 U/L)、高LDH(≥200 U/L)、高Gleason分级(4~5级)三者联合曲线下面积为0.879,灵敏度为92.1%,特异度为87.6%。结论高ALP、高LDH、高Gleason分级是低风险mHSPC患者发生不良预后的相关因素,联合使用可为低风险mHSPC患者的临床诊治方案提供重要参考。

CAFs促进ADH1B甲基化对卵巢癌细胞增殖及侵袭的影响

目的 探讨肿瘤相关成纤维细胞(CAFs)分泌的IL-6对卵巢癌细胞增殖及侵袭的影响及机制。方法 收取新鲜离体上皮性卵巢癌及正常卵巢上皮组织,分离纯化获得CAFs及正常卵巢成纤维细胞(NFs);蛋白质印迹和免疫荧光实验检测上皮细胞和成纤维细胞标志物α-平滑肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、上皮型钙黏附素(E-cadherin)表达;收集CAFs和NFs培养上清液与卵巢癌SKOV3细胞建立间接共培养体系,细胞分为SKOV3单独培养(SKOV3)组、SKOV3与NFs上清液(NFs)组及SKOV3与CAFs上清液(CAFs)组;细胞免疫组化检测SKOV3细胞共CAFs及NFs上清液培养后乙醇脱氢酶1B(ADH1B)表达;甲基化特异性PCR (MSP)、逆转录实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)及蛋白质印迹实验分别检测甲基化抑制剂5-氮杂-2′-脱氧胞苷(5-Aza-dC)干预前后各组细胞ADH1B mRNA表达及甲基化状态、信号转导和激活因子3(STAT3)蛋白磷酸化水平;细胞计数试剂盒8(CCK-8)法及Transwell实验分别检测IL-6抑制剂LMT-286及重组IL-6 (rhIL-6)对细胞增殖及侵袭能力的影响。结果 肿瘤成纤维细胞中高表达α-SMA,极低表达E-cadherin;相比较SKOV3组及NFs组,CAFs组ADH1B mRNA及蛋白表达明显下调,同时CAFs组细胞上清液中IL-6水平较SKOV3组及NFs组明显升高;5-Aza-dC作用后,ADH1B甲基化部分逆转;三组细胞ADH1B mRNA和蛋白表达均增加,CAFs组STAT3磷酸化水平下降;LMT-286及rhIL-6干预均仅抑制或促进CAFs组细胞增殖和侵袭,而SKOV3组和NFs组无明显改变。结论 CAFs通过IL-6/STAT3信号通路增强ADH1B甲基化促进卵巢癌细胞增殖和侵袭。

临床参数结合磁共振成像特征对术前区分子宫肉瘤和子宫肌瘤的价值

目的探讨临床参数[糖类抗原125(CA125)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)]结合磁共振成像(MRI)特征对术前区分子宫肉瘤和子宫肌瘤的价值。方法选取2019年7月至2022年8月诊治的50例子宫肉瘤患者作为研究对象,并设立为观察组,同期选取110例子宫肌瘤患者作为对照组。对比CA125、LDH及MRI参数[达峰时间(TTP)、表观扩散系数(ADC)];采用logistic回归模型建立CA125、LDH联合MRI参数诊断子宫肉瘤的模型;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线模型分析CA125、LDH、TTP、ADC及四项联合诊断子宫肉瘤的曲线下面积(AUC)、敏感度及特异度。结果观察组的TTP、ADC低于对照组,而CA125、LDH高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组在T_(2)WI、DWI多表现为高信号,边缘模糊,内膜受累;对照组在T_(2)WI、DWI多表现为低信号,多见边缘规整,内膜基本无受累;两组T_(2)WI、DWI、边缘、内膜受累等影像特征比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在T 1WI信号强度、囊变坏死、出血等影像特征比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,TTP、ADC、CA125、LDH及四项联合诊断子宫肉瘤的AUC分别为0.876、0.829、0.858、0.872、0.973。结论临床参数联合MRI参数鉴别诊断子宫肉瘤和子宫肌瘤具有较高的价值。

磷化氢的毒理及害虫对磷化氢的抗性机制研究进展

近60年来,熏蒸剂磷化氢被广泛用于储藏物害虫的防治。但是,长期、不合理地使用磷化氢,导致储藏物害虫抗药性的广泛产生。了解磷化氢的毒理机制可以为磷化氢抗性机制研究提供思路。早期的研究发现,磷化氢通过干扰神经传导、抑制能量代谢和破坏氧化还原系统,引起害虫死亡;但近年的研究表明,磷化氢致死害虫的主要机制是抑制能量生成和通过干扰氧化还原系统来增加氧化损伤。早期的研究发现,害虫对磷化氢的抗性机制主要包括主动排斥磷化氢、保护性昏迷和增强解毒酶活性。近年来,随着基因组学、蛋白组学和代谢组学的应用,相继出现一些新的磷化氢抗性机制,如穿透抗性、磷化氢作用靶标敏感性降低、能量代谢模式调整。越来越多的研究表明,靶标二氢硫辛酰胺脱氢酶突变以及抗氧化酶和解毒酶活性增强是主要的抗性机制,而能量代谢模式调整可能是抗性形成初期抵抗磷化氢不良影响的重要机制。采用基因渐渗的方法研究害虫磷化氢抗性突变的适合度代价可以更精准地预测抗性突变的进化方向。研究害虫的磷化氢抗性机制和抗性突变的进化潜力不仅有助于理解害虫抗药性的形成和生物的进化,同时对害虫的磷化氢抗性监测和治理有重要的意义。

血清HCY、CRP及 LDH在鼻咽癌患者中的水平及意义

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸(HCY)、C反应蛋白(CRP)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)在鼻咽癌患者中的水平及意义。方法选择2021年12月至2022年7月梧州市红十字会医院收治的222例初诊鼻咽癌患者为鼻咽癌组,102例鼻咽炎患者为鼻咽炎组,100例体检健康者为对照组。比较各组受试者血清HCY、CRP及LDH水平。采用Spearman相关分析患者血清HCY、CRP及LDH水平与TNM分期的相关性。结果鼻咽癌组血清HCY水平明显高于鼻咽炎组、对照组(P<0.001)。鼻咽炎组、鼻咽癌组患者血清CRP水平高于对照组(P<0.001),而鼻咽炎组与鼻咽癌组间CRP水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各组间血清LDH水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同TNM分期鼻咽癌患者血清HCY、CRP及LDH水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ⅲ期患者血清HCY水平明显高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期(P<0.05),CRP水平明显低于ⅣB期(P<0.05);ⅣA、ⅣB期患者血清HCY、CRP及LDH水平明显高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,鼻咽癌患者血清CRP、LDH水平与TNM分期呈正相关(r=0.231、0.212,P<0.01),但HCY水平与TNM分期无相关性(P>0.05)。结论鼻咽癌患者伴有血清HCY、CRP水平的升高,TNM分期Ⅳ期患者HCY、CRP及LDH水平明显升高。

血清乳酸脱氢酶、β2微球蛋白、铁蛋白联合改良WHO预后积分系统预测骨髓增生异常综合征预后不良的价值

目的探讨血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)、铁蛋白(SF)联合改良WHO预后积分系统(WPSS)评分对骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)预后不良的预测价值。方法选取110例MDS患者作为研究对象,均检测血清LDH、β2-MG、SF水平。根据生存情况将患者分为病死组与存活组,比较2组血清LDH、β2-MG、SF水平和改良WPSS评分。分析MDS预后不良的危险因素及血清LDH、β2-MG、SF水平和改良WPSS评分单独及联合对MDS预后不良的预测价值。结果MDS预后不良发生率为40.20%(41/102)。病死组血清LDH、β2-MG、SF、改良WPSS评分和染色体核型预后不良比率均高于存活组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Cox回归模型分析结果显示,血清LDH、β2-MG、SF水平和改良WPSS评分升高、染色体核型预后不良是MDS预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析结果显示,血清LDH、β2-MG、SF水平联合改良WPSS评分预测MDS预后不良的灵敏度和曲线下面积(AUC)分别为95.12%、0.918,均显著高于各指标单独预测(P<0.05)。结论血清LDH、β2-MG、SF水平和改良WPSS评分对MDS预后不良均具有一定的预测价值,但4项指标联合预测价值更高。

存在肺外表现的成人肺炎支原体肺炎临床特征及误诊分析

目的分析存在肺外表现的成人肺炎支原体肺炎(AMP)患者的临床特征及误诊情况。方法回顾性分析2022年1月至2023年6月经肺炎支原体DNA检测阳性的AMP 60例临床资料,根据是否存在肺外表现分为无肺外表现组(n=29)和存在肺外表现组(n=31)。比较2组凝血功能、生化指标、院外病程、住院时间、误诊占比、误诊时间。结果60例AMP中存在肺外表现31例(51.67%),常见肺外表现有乏力18例(30.00%),关节肌肉痛16例(26.67%),头痛、纳差、腹泻各7例(11.67%),嗜睡4例(6.67%),皮疹3例(5.00%),恶心2例(3.33%),腰痛、黑便各1例(1.67%)。存在肺外表现组C反应蛋白、天冬氨酸转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶、纤维蛋白原水平均高于无肺外表现组(P<0.05)。存在肺外表现组住院时间以及误诊时间均长于无肺外表现组(P<0.05)。2组院外病程比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。存在肺外表现组误诊占比高于无肺外表现组(P<0.05)。结论AMP存在较高的肺外表现发生率。存在肺外表现的AMP炎症反应程度更高,住院时间更长,误诊占比更高,临床应注意对这部分人群生化指标、凝血功能的监测,及时发现病情变化,避免误诊漏诊发生,延误治疗。