Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in patients with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning

Objective:To evaluate the changes of brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in patients with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Methods: BAEPs were performed in 32 controls and 40 patients. Wave Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ ,Ⅳ, Ⅴ latencies and Ⅰ-Ⅲ , Ⅲ-Ⅴ , Ⅰ-Ⅴ interpeak latencies were measured, respectively. Results: Abnormalities of BAEPs in 13 patients (13/40, 32 ％). Among the13 abnormal BAEPs, 3 displayed prolongation of latency to waves in one side, no potential in another side; 5 displayed a similar abnormality which was bilateral prolongation of latency to waves ;and another 5 displayed unilateral latency delay. Compared wave Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ , Ⅳ, Ⅴ latencies and Ⅰ-Ⅲ , Ⅲ-Ⅴ , Ⅰ-Ⅴ interpeak latencies in the patients and the controls, there were no significant differences (P＞0.05). Conclusion: BAEPs can be used for evaluating the diagnostic and prognostic values in the cases of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning.

Multimodality evoked potentials in patients with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning

Objective： To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic values in patients with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Methods： The tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potentials （SEPs）, vision evoked potentials （VEPs）, and brain stem audition evoked potentials（BAEPs） were performed in 32 healthy adults and 43 patients with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Results： This paper indicated abnormalities of tibial nerve SEPs in 31 patients （31/43, 72.1%）, VEPs in 17 patients （17/28, 60.7%）, and BAEPs in 14, patients （14/43, 32.6%）. These results showed that the greatest diagnostic value was SEPs, followed by VEPs and, BAEPs with the lowest sensitivity. Conclusion： Multimodality evoked potentials （EPs） can be used for evaluating the diagnostic and prognostic values in cases of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning.

Influence of mouse nerve growth factor combined with hyperbaric oxygen on serum cytokines and cognitive function in patients with delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning

Objective:To study the influence of mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF) combined with hyperbaric oxygen on serum cytokines and cognitive function in patients with delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP).Methods: 218 patients with DEACMP who were treated in our hospital between June 2012 and September 2016 were chosen as research subjects and retrospectively divided into the control group (n=100) who underwent hyperbaric oxygen treatment and the observation group (n=118) who underwent mouse nerve growth factor combined with hyperbaric oxygen treatment. Serum contents of nerve injury indexes and inflammatory mediators were compared between two groups of patients and cognitive function was assessed.Results:Before treatment, differences in serum levels of nerve injury indexes and inflammatory mediators, total MMSE score and each dimension score were not statistically significant between two groups of patients. After treatment, serum contents of nerve injury indexes creatine kinase-BB (CK-BB), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S-100β protein (S-100β) and lactate (Lac) in observation group were lower than those in control group;serum contents of inflammatory mediators interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-18 (IL-18), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were lower than those in control group;total MMSE score and each dimension score were higher than those of control group.Conclusion:mNGF combined with hyperbaric oxygen treatment of DEACMP is helpful to reduce the nerve injury and systemic inflammatory response, and improve the cognitive function.

Spectrum of delayed post-hypoxic leukoencephalopathy syndrome:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Delayed post hypoxic leukoencephalopathy syndrome(DPHLS),also known as Grinker’s myelinopathy,is a rare but significant neurological condition that manifests days to weeks after a hypoxic event.Characterized by delayed onset of neurological and cognitive deficits,DPHLS presents substantial diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.AIM To consolidate current knowledge on pathophysiology,clinical features,diagnostic approaches,and management strategies for DPHLS,providing a comprehensive overview and highlighting gaps for future research.METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes guidelines,we systematically searched PubMed,ScienceDirect and Hinari databases using terms related to delayed post-hypoxic leukoencephalopathy.Inclusion criteria were original research articles,case reports,and case series involving human subjects with detailed clinical,neuroimaging,or pathological data on DPHLS.Data were extracted on study characteristics,participant demographics,clinical features,neuroimaging findings,pathological findings,treatment,and outcomes.The quality assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist.RESULTS A total of 73 cases were reviewed.Common comorbidities included schizoaffective disorder,bipolar disorder,hypertension,and substance use disorder.The primary causes of hypoxia were benzodiazepine overdose,opioid overdose,polysubstance overdose,and carbon monoxide(CO)poisoning.Symptoms frequently include decreased level of consciousness,psychomotor agitation,cognitive decline,parkinsonism,and encephalopathy.Neuroimaging commonly revealed diffuse T2 hyperintensities in cerebral white matter,sometimes involving the basal ganglia and the globus pallidus.Magnetic resonance spectroscopy often showed decreased N-acetylaspartate,elevated choline,choline-to-creatinine ratio,and normal or elevated lactate.Treatment is often supportive,including amantadine,an antioxidant cocktail,and steroids.Hyperbaric oxygen therapy may be beneficial in those with CO poisoning.Parkinsonism was often treated with levodopa.Most of the patients had substantial recovery over the course of months and many cases had some residual neurocognitive deficits.CONCLUSION DPHLS remains a complex and multifaceted condition with various etiologies and clinical manifestations.Early recognition and appropriate management are crucial to improving patient outcomes.Future research should focus on standardizing diagnostic criteria,using advanced imaging techniques,and exploring therapeutic interventions to improve understanding and treatment of DPHLS.Conducting prospective cohort studies and developing biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring will be essential to advance patient care.

Acute carbon monoxide poisoning and delayed neurological sequelae: a potential neuroprotection bundle therapy

Currently, there is no known optimal therapy for carbon monoxide （CO） poisoning and CO-associated delayed neu- rological sequelae. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy （HBOT） is a well-known treatment method, but its use for CO poison- ing patients is controversial to use due to lack of evidences regarding its efficacy. Thus, it is unlikely that HBOT alone will be accepted as the standard treatment method. In this article, current and potential treatment methods of CO poi- soning are presented as well as the tentative multi-factorial pathophysiology. A series of treatments are suggested for use as a bundle therapy, with targeted temperature management as the base treatment method. Such a therapy holds a great potential, especially for the cases where HBOT is not readily available. We suggest further investigations for elucidating the effects of these suggested treatments and their roles in terms of the complex pathophysiology of CO poisoning. Future ac- ceptance of this therapy based on the improved scientific and clinical knowledge may result in injury prevention and mini- mization of the signs and the symptoms in CO poisoning.

Massive subdural hematoma misdiagnosed as delayed encephalopathy of carbon monoxide poisoning: a case report and literature review

Subdural hematoma is often secondary to brain trauma and other diseases.The onset is hidden and the condition is critical.Timely detection and early treatment are particularly important.The patient denied a history of trauma,but had a history of consciousness loss after charcoal burning.The clinical symptoms were progressive cognitive impairment.The initial diagnosis was delayed encephalopathy caused by carbon monoxide poisoning.However,computed tomography(CT)scan of the brain showed a large area of subdural hematoma on the left side and the formation of a cerebral hernia,which was life-threatening.The patienfs symptoms gradually improved after an emergency operation.

Digit and letter alexia in carbon monoxide poisoning

This study examined a 24-year-old patient with delayed encephalopathy, who was admitted to hospital with complaints of headache and visual impairment 1 week after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. The results of a visual field assessment, electroencephalography and head magnetic resonance imaging indicated damage to the cerebral cortex. After a 2-week treatment period, the patient had recovered from the visual impairment, but exhibited digit- and letter-reading difficulty. The Chinese aphasia battery and the number and letter battery supplement were conducted. The results revealed that the patient exhibited digit and letter alexia, while the ability to read Chinese characters was preserved. In contrast, the patient exhibited a deficit in Chinese character writing, while number and letter writing remained intact. Following treatment, reading and writing ability was improved and electroencephalographic abnormalities were ameliorated. Overall, our experimental findings demonstrated that delayed encephalopathy following acute carbon monoxide poisoning was characterized by digit and letter alexia.

Hippocampus hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha and heme oxygenase-1 expression in the delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning rat model

Objective To research the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha(HIF-1α)and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)in hippocampus of rats with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning(DEACMP)and its functions.Methods One hundred and fiftysix rats were selected and randomly divided into

丁苯酞序贯疗法联合高压氧疗及糖皮质激素对急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的临床疗效研究

目的 评估丁苯酞序贯疗法(BST)辅助治疗对急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病(DEACMP)的临床疗效。方法 选取延安市人民医院神经内科2018年1月至2023年6月就诊的DEACMP患者为研究对象。采用随机数字表法,将DEACMP患者随机分为高压氧治疗(HBOT)组、糖皮质激素(GC)组(GC联合HBOT)、BST组(HBOT、GC联合BST),均持续治疗30 d。观察并比较3组DEACMP治疗期间不良反应发生情况及治疗后临床疗效。比较3组治疗前后炎症指标、神经损伤指标、认知功能、神经功能和日常生活能力。结果 研究共纳入患者120例,每组各40例。治疗期间,3组患者均未观察到严重不良反应事件,无1例患者因不良反应而终止治疗。BST组治疗总有效率显著高于GC组和HBOT组,而GC组高于HBOT组(P<0.05)。治疗前,3组炎症指标、神经损伤指标、认知功能、神经功能和日常生活功能评分差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。治疗后,3组血清脂蛋白磷脂酶(LP-PLA2)、全身炎症反应指数(SIRI)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、中枢神经特异蛋白(S100-β)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),且BST组低于HBOT组和GC组,GC组低于HBOT组(P<0.05)。治疗后,3组简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、和Barthel指数(BI)评分均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),但美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分下降(P<0.05)。此外,BST组MMSE、MoCA、和BI评分高于HBOT组和GC组(P<0.05),NIHSS评分低于HBOT组和GC组(P<0.05);GC组MMSE、MoCA、BI评分高于HBOT组,NIHSS评分低于HBOT组(P<0.05)。结论 与HBOT治疗和HBOT联合GC治疗比较,BST辅助治疗可提升DECAMP患者临床疗效,改善炎症状态、认知功能和日常生活能力。

MHR和SII早期联合检测对急性一氧化碳中毒患者病情及预后的评估

目的分析单核细胞与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值(MHR)、系统性免疫炎症指数(SII)在急性一氧化碳中毒(ACOP)患者中变化,探讨其早期联合检测对ACOP患者的病情及预后的评估。方法选取2019年1月—2023年1月在河北医科大学哈励逊国际和平医院急救医学部收治的ACOP患者120例,根据患者病情严重程度将其分为轻度中毒组30例、中度中毒组35例和重度中毒组55例;根据患者是否发生急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病(DEACMP)情况分为DEACMP组17例和预后良好组103例;同期健康体检者30例作为对照组。所有患者均在入院时,对照组于体检时,检测MHR、SII、白细胞介素-18(IL-18)和C反应蛋白(CRP)的变化,记录患者60 d内DEACMP发生情况。通过Logistic回归分析ACOP发生DEACMP的独立危险因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),评估MHR和SII对ACOP患者发生DEACMP的预测价值。结果入院时,不同中毒程度患者MHR、SII、IL-18和CRP水平均高于对照组,中度高于轻度,重度高于中度、轻度,均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。3组患者DEACMP发生率分别为0,5.71%和27.27%,有统计学差异(χ^(2)=14.777,P=0.001)。相关分析结果显示,ACOP患者中毒程度与DEACMP发生率呈正相关(r=0.648,P=0.000)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,MHR、SII水平升高均是ACOP患者发生DEACMP的危险因素(OR=7.757、5.169,均P<0.01)。入院时MHR、SII、IL-18、CRP及MHR+SII预测发生DEACMP的AUC分别为0.840、0.862、0.771、0.706和0.899,MHR和SII联合应用预测能力优于MHR、SII、IL-18和CRP(P<0.05)。结论MHR和SII是ACOP患者发生DEACMP的独立危险因素,MHR和SII早期联合检测有助于ACOP患者病情和预后的评估。

依达拉奉联合甲泼尼龙治疗一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病病人的疗效及对血清钙结合蛋白S100B、胱天蛋白酶-3水平的影响

目的 探讨依达拉奉联合甲泼尼龙治疗一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病(DEACMP)病人的疗效及对血清钙结合蛋白S100B(S100B)、胱天蛋白酶-3(caspase-3)的影响。方法 回顾性分析2019年7月至2022年8月在保定市第二医院治疗的102例DEACMP病人的临床资料,将2019年7月至2021年2月的50例病人设为激素组,将2021年3月至2022年8月的52例病人设为联合组,均按方便抽样法抽取。所有病人均采取常规用药+高压氧治疗,激素组在此基础上应用甲泼尼龙治疗,联合组在激素组基础上采用依达拉奉治疗。比较两组疗效、治疗前后蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分、长谷川痴呆量表(HDS)评分、血清S100B、caspase-3水平及脑电图。结果 联合组总有效率92.31%明显高于激素组的74.00%(P<0.05);主体间效应检验显示治疗前MoCA、HDS评分、血清S100B、caspase-3水平高于治疗后1个月,两组治疗后1个月MoCA、HDS评分、血清S100B、caspase-3水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);联合组治疗后1个月脑电图明显优于激素组(P<0.05)。结论 对DEACMP病人实施依达拉奉联合甲泼尼龙治疗的效果确切,可有效下调血清S100B、caspase-3水平,明显减轻痴呆症状及认知障碍,显著改善脑电图。

重复经颅磁刺激联合高压氧治疗一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的临床研究

目的观察重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)联合高压氧治疗一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病(DEACMP)的有效性、安全性。方法选取2021年11月至2023年11月河北北方学院附属第一医院收治的50例DEACMP患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和试验组,每组25例。对照组给予常规治疗+高压氧治疗,试验组在对照组基础上联合rTMS治疗,比较两组的认知功能、巴氏指数(BI)、听觉事件相关电位P300(ERP-P300)结果、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、炎性因子[白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-6]和安全性。结果治疗后,两组的MMSE、BI均高于治疗前(P<0.05),且试验组高于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后两组ERP-P300结果(潜伏期、波幅)较优(P<0.05),且试验组优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组BDNF、NSE、IL-2、IL-6水平均低于治疗前(P<0.05),且试验组低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组不良反应总发生率(8.00%,2/25)与对照组(4.00%,1/25)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论rTMS联合高压氧可调节BDNF、NSE、炎性因子水平及ERP-P300结果,改善DEACMP患者的认知功能、日常生活自理能力,且安全性较高。

急性一氧化碳中毒发生迟发性脑病的相关因素分析

目的分析急性一氧化碳(CO)中毒患者发生迟发性脑病的相关因素分析。方法选取2020年1月至2022年8月葫芦岛地区177例符合急性CO中毒诊断的住院患者,回顾性分析纳入病例的临床资料,应用Spearman相关性分析与CO中毒迟发性脑病相关的影响因素。结果177例患者中男性91例(51.41%),发病年龄集中在60岁以上,共86例(48.59%);发病时间集中在凌晨4~8点,共42例(23.73%);地域主要集中在农村,共139例(78.53%);文化程度主要集中在初中及以下,共113例(63.84%);中毒方式以取暖方式不当为主,共107例(60.45%);中毒场所主要在家中,共132例(74.58%)。177例患者中死亡2例,发生一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病患者18例(10.17%)。既往合并基础病(心血管病,高血压,糖尿病,脑梗死)、就诊时间、昏迷时间及早期出现脏器损害(包括急性肝损伤,急性肾损伤)与一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病呈正相关,GCS评分与一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病呈负相关。结论急性一氧化碳中毒主要集中在农村的老年人群,中毒原因主要由家中取暖方式错误,其中合并基础疾病(心血管病,高血压,糖尿病,脑梗死)、就诊时间及昏迷时间长,GCS评分低,早期出现脏器损害均与发生迟发性脑病相关,应早期识别迟发性脑病的高危患者,对其尽早进行干预治疗,提高治愈率,降低并发症。

IP3R2及RYR2介导Ca^(2+)信号在急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病小鼠模型中的表达

背景:研究发现星形胶质细胞中Ca^(2+)的表达与认知功能密切相关,目前由1,4,5-三磷酸肌醇受体(Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors,IP3Rs)2、兰尼碱受体(ryanodine receptors,RYRs)2受体及其调控的Ca^(2+)信号通路已经成为认知障碍相关疾病研究的热点。目的:研究急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病动物模型中,海马组织内星形胶质细胞和IP3R2、RYR2介导的Ca^(2+)信号的表达情况,探索急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病可能的发病机制。方法:Morris水迷宫实验筛选认知功能合格的C57BL小鼠随机分为对照组、实验组,实验组小鼠采用静态吸入一氧化碳建立急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病模型,对照组小鼠吸入等量空气。造模后第21天,利用Morris水迷宫、苏木精-伊红染色、Western blot、免疫荧光双标法、Ca^(2+)荧光探针检测中毒小鼠行为学及神经元改变、星形胶质细胞特异性标记物胶质纤维酸性蛋白及IP3R2、RYR2受体、星形胶质细胞内Ca^(2+)浓度变化。结果与结论:①Morris水迷宫实验发现与对照组相比,实验组小鼠逃避潜伏期明显延长(P<0.05);②苏木精-伊红染色表明实验组小鼠海马锥体细胞数减少、细胞结构紊乱、细胞核碎裂伴溶解;③免疫荧光检测表明海马区IP3R2、RYR2分别和胶质纤维酸性蛋白存在共表达,且实验组海马区IP3R2、RYR2和胶质纤维酸性蛋白表达均上调(P<0.05);④Western blot检测显示实验组海马区IP3R2、RYR2及胶质纤维酸性蛋白的蛋白表达均增多(P<0.05);⑤Ca^(2+)荧光探针法检测表明实验组小鼠海马区星形胶质细胞内Ca^(2+)浓度明显升高(P<0.05);⑥结果说明,星形胶质细胞可能通过介导IP3R2、RYR2受体影响Ca^(2+)信号,进而使一氧化碳中毒的小鼠认知功能受损,最终导致急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病发生。

急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病预测方法的现状及进展

急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病(delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning,DEACMP)发病隐匿、病程较长、致残率高,主要表现为精神意识的障碍。尽管早期预测DEACMP的发生有助于改善预后、减少后遗症的发生,但如何对DEACMP进行准确的预测一直是临床上急需解决的难点问题。近年来,对DEACMP的预测从临床表现、实验室指标、神经电生理检查、影像学检查及遗传易感性等方面均取得了一定的进展,临床医生需要综合研判,预测迟发性脑病的发生,及时进行干预。

天智颗粒联合高压氧治疗急性一氧化碳中毒迟发型脑病的临床研究

目的:探讨天智颗粒联合高压氧治疗急性一氧化碳中毒迟发型脑病(DEACMP)的临床效果及对活化蛋白(AP)-1、核因子-κB(NF-κB)、炎症因子的影响。方法:选取2018年10月—2022年9月通辽市医院神经内科收治的DEACMP患者60例,随机分为高压氧组和联合组,各30例。高压氧组予高压氧及常规治疗,联合组在高压氧组治疗基础上予天智颗粒口服治疗,两组均持续治疗3个月。观察两组临床疗效、脑电图恢复时间及神经症状、体征消失时间情况;比较治疗前后简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分、日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)评分,血清干扰素(IFN)-γ、白细胞介素(IL)-8、IL-10含量及外周血单个核细胞中活化蛋白(AP)-1、核因子-κB(NF-κB)相对表达水平。结果:与高压氧组相比,联合组总有效率明显提高,电图恢复时间及症状体征消失时间均缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与治疗前相比,两组治疗后MMSE、MoCA、ADL评分均升高,血清IFN-γ、IL-8均降低,IL-10升高,外周血单个核细胞AP-1、NF-κB相对表达量均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与高压氧组治疗后相比,联合组MMSE、MoCA、ADL评分均升高,血清IFN-γ、IL-8均降低,IL-10升高,外周血单个核细胞AP-1、NF-κB相对表达量均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:天智颗粒联合高压氧治疗DEACMP有良好的临床效果,其机制可能与抑制炎症反应有关。

血清caspase-3 NSE联合O_(2)UCc早期预测急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的价值

目的:探讨半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(caspase-3)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、早期脑氧利用率(O_(2)UCc)在早期预测急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的价值。方法:选取我院2019年1月至2020年12月经收治的125例急性一氧化碳中毒患者,根据患者中毒后60d内是否发生一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病,将患者分为脑病组34例和对照组91例,对比两组患者入院后24h内的血清caspase-3、NSE及患者的O_(2)UCc水平,并采用受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析各项指标在预测急性一氧化碳中毒患者发生迟发性脑病的价值,采用Logistic多因素模型分析caspase-3、NSE、O_(2)UCc与患者发一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的关系。结果:脑病组患者的caspase-3、NSE测定值显著的高于对照组,脑病组患者O_(2)UCc测定值显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);caspase-3、NSE、O_(2)UCc、caspase-3+NSE+O_(2)UCc预测急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病灵敏度分别为63.41%、57.52%、62.77%、92.33%,特异度分别为85.28%、80.66%、82.94%、78.58%,ROC曲线下面积AUC值分别为0.802、0.797、0.798、0.936;采用Logistic多因素模型分析:年龄增大、CO暴露时间延长、意识障碍≥10h、重度中毒、caspase-3升高、NSE升高、O_(2)UCc降低是急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病发的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病患者早期的caspase-3、NSE水平显著升高,O_(2)UCc水平显著降低,并且与急性一氧化碳中毒患者发生迟发性脑病具有明显的关系。

头颅核磁共振联合脑电图对急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的预测价值

目的:探讨头颅磁共振成像(MRI)联合脑电图(EEG)检查对急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病(DEACMP)的预测价值。方法:选取医院就诊的78例急性一氧化碳中毒患者,所有患者均行高压氧治疗,于入院72 h内进行头颅MRI及EEG检查,按照病情有无进展成迟发性脑病将其分别纳入DEACMP组(36例)和非DEACMP组(42例)。记录两组患者的基线数据,对比两组患者的年龄、性别、吸入一氧化碳时间、昏迷时间、高压氧持续治疗时间及有无并发症等。采用二元Logistic回归分析确定相关独立危险因素,建立MRI和EEG的联合模型,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)分析联合模型的预测效能。结果:DEACMP组患者吸入一氧化碳时间、昏迷时间长于非DEACMP组患者,而高压氧持续治疗时间短于非DEACMP组患者,差异有统计学意义(t=5.381,t=2.794,t=2.507;P<0.05)。DEACMP组中有27例患者的MRI图像显示急性脑损伤,显著高于非DEACMP组(8例),DEACMP组的苍白球表观弥散系数(ADC)值显著低于非DEACMP组,差异有统计学意义(t=13.445;P<0.05)。DEACMP组和非DEACMP组的EEG检测异常率分别为86.11%(31/36)和57.14%(24/42),DEACMP组EEG异常率高于非DEACMP组,其差异有统计学意义(x^(2)=5.000,P<0.05)。二元Logistics回归分析显示,吸入一氧化碳时间、苍白球ADC值及EEG异常是DEACMP的独立危险因素(OR=2.37,OR=0.801,OR=1.53;P<0.05)。MRI联合EEG预测模型的AUC为0.864,灵敏度和特异度分别为81.82%和76.92%。结论:吸入一氧化碳时间、苍白球ADC值及EEG异常是DEACMP的独立危险因素;MRI ADC值联合EEG检查对DEACMP具有较高的预测价值。

血清endostatin、AQP-4对急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的预测价值

目的探讨内皮抑制素(endostatin)、水通道蛋白4(AQP-4)对急性一氧化碳(CO)中毒后迟发性脑病的预测价值。方法选取2019年1月至2022年6月于该院进行治疗的90例急性CO中毒患者作为研究组,根据疾病的严重程度将其分为轻度组(n=26)、中度组(n=42)、重度组(n=22);根据是否发生迟发性脑病将其分为迟发性脑病组(n=26)和非迟发性脑病组(n=64);选取同期90例体检健康者作为对照组。观察比较各组血清endostatin、AQP-4水平,采用Pearson法分析急性CO中毒患者血清endostatin水平与AQP-4水平的相关性;采用多因素Logistic回归分析急性CO中毒后发生迟发性脑病的影响因素。应用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清endostatin、AQP-4水平对急性CO中毒后发生迟发性脑病的预测价值。结果研究组患者血清endostatin、AQP-4水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且二者均随着病情严重程度的增加逐渐升高(P<0.05);迟发性脑病组血清endostatin、AQP-4表达水平显著高于非迟发性脑病组(P<0.05)。急性CO中毒患者血清endostatin水平与AQP-4水平呈显著正相关(r=0.618,P<0.001)。血清endostatin、AQP-4、脑电图异常、头颅MRI异常、昏迷持续时间是急性CO中毒患者发生迟发性脑病的影响因素(P<0.05)。血清endostatin、AQP-4二者联合预测急性CO中毒后发生迟发性脑病的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.963,灵敏度为88.46%,特异度为98.42%,优于各自单独检测(P<0.05)。结论急性CO中毒患者血清endostatin、AQP-4表达上调,二者联合检测可较好地预测迟发性脑病的发生。

CSF2RB基因多态性与急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的关联研究

目的分析集落刺激因子2受体β亚单位(CSF2RB)基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点(rs4821567、rs2413436)与急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的相关性,寻求与急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病发病相关的易感基因。方法将664例急性一氧化碳中毒患者按是否出现迟发性脑病分为DEACMP组(235例)和ACMP组(429例),采集两组患者外周血样本,提取外周血DNA,检测集落刺激因子2受体β亚单位基因的2个SNP位点(rs4821567、rs2413436)所在的基因序列,其中rs2413436位点DEACMP组231例患者、ACMP组405例患者,rs4821567位点DEACMP组232例患者、ACMP组422例患者;采用Sequenom方法分析CSF2RB基因多态性与急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的关联性。统计急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病患者神经心理学评估结果(日常生活能力量表及长谷川痴呆量表评分)。先用拟合优度卡方检验分析样本基因型分布是否符合哈迪-温伯格定律;关联分析则使用卡方检验。结果ACMP组与DEACMP组CSF2RB基因2个SNP位点基因型和等位基因频率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。四种模型(超显性模型、隐性模型、共显性模型、显性模型)下rs4821567及rs2413436基因型与急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病发病的关联分析结果显示,两者无相关性(P>0.05)。结论CSF2RB基因的2个SNP位点(rs4821567及rs2413436)和急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的发病无相关性。