基于演化博弈将监察机制与奖惩制度引入授权股份证明(delegated proof of stake,DPoS)共识机制,构建以代理节点、投票节点、监管节点为主体的三方演化博弈模型;分析共识方案改进前后节点的行为策略选择变化,在不同奖惩力度和惩罚因子下...基于演化博弈将监察机制与奖惩制度引入授权股份证明(delegated proof of stake,DPoS)共识机制,构建以代理节点、投票节点、监管节点为主体的三方演化博弈模型;分析共识方案改进前后节点的行为策略选择变化,在不同奖惩力度和惩罚因子下节点行为策略的演化趋势,并用Matlab仿真。研究结果表明:(1)改进方案能遏制恶意节点的合谋行为并提高投票节点的积极性;(2)奖惩力度能影响节点行为策略;(3)惩罚因子可以影响节点行为趋向稳定点的速度。展开更多
针对授权股权证明共识机制中节点投票不积极和节点腐败的问题,提出一种基于配对制度的DPoS共识机制(delegated proof-of-stake based on matching mechanism,DPoS-M2)。根据节点属性值将节点分为独立节点、主节点和配基节点,通过主节点...针对授权股权证明共识机制中节点投票不积极和节点腐败的问题,提出一种基于配对制度的DPoS共识机制(delegated proof-of-stake based on matching mechanism,DPoS-M2)。根据节点属性值将节点分为独立节点、主节点和配基节点,通过主节点和配基节点配对增加节点间相互作用力,提高各类节点参与共识的积极性,从而降低系统中心化程度。采用类别评定模块,计算节点行为权重值并更新节点类别,使系统对节点的奖惩更具有针对性。当新节点加入系统时,运用马氏距离计算公式求出最需要该节点的社区,以保证社区动态且平衡运行。在仿真环境下,DPoS-M2在运行了80 min时,与DDPoS、DPoS-PI和DPoS相比,节点的参与度分别提高21.9%、8.7%和32.4%;出块数量分别提高63.2%、44.8%和11.6%;新节点参与率分别提高22.8%、25.5%和28.7%;恶意节点的剔除速度分别提高12%、32%和48%。实验结果表明,DPoS-M2能有效地提高节点的积极性和系统去中心化程度,加快出块速度,提高可扩展性,增强系统安全性。展开更多
针对委托权益证明(delegated proof of stake,DPoS)共识机制中节点作恶以及如何降低恶意节点成为代表节点可能性的问题,结合埃欧塔(IOTA)共识机制在安全性和稳定性方面的优势建立了节点之间的信任关系,提出了一种基于节点权重的DPoS(del...针对委托权益证明(delegated proof of stake,DPoS)共识机制中节点作恶以及如何降低恶意节点成为代表节点可能性的问题,结合埃欧塔(IOTA)共识机制在安全性和稳定性方面的优势建立了节点之间的信任关系,提出了一种基于节点权重的DPoS(delegated proof of stake based on node weight,NW-DPoS)共识算法。将节点历史行为信息、自身权重值和在线状态作为计算认可度的因素,选取累积认可度高的节点作为区块生产者;根据节点行为表现并以降低节点累积认可度的方式惩罚有恶意行为的节点。仿真实验和分析表明:NW-DPoS共识算法能够明显降低恶意节点成为代表节点的概率,并且在抵御双花攻击和贿赂攻击方面比DPoS共识机制更可靠,从而提高了系统的安全性。展开更多
Delegated proof-of-stake(DPOS) consensus mechanism is widely adopted in blockchain platforms, but problems exist in its current applications. In order to explore the security risks in the voting attack of the DPOS con...Delegated proof-of-stake(DPOS) consensus mechanism is widely adopted in blockchain platforms, but problems exist in its current applications. In order to explore the security risks in the voting attack of the DPOS consensus mechanism, an extensive game model between nodes was constructed, and it was concluded that the DPOS consensus mechanism relies too much on tokens, and the possibility of node attacks is very high. In order to solve the problems of frequent changes of DPOS consensus mechanism nodes, inactive node voting, excessive reliance on tokens, and malicious nodes, a dynamic, credible, and attack-evading DPOS consensus mechanism was proposed. In addition, the Python simulation results show that the improved Bayesian voting algorithm is effective in calculating node scores.展开更多
文摘基于演化博弈将监察机制与奖惩制度引入授权股份证明(delegated proof of stake,DPoS)共识机制,构建以代理节点、投票节点、监管节点为主体的三方演化博弈模型;分析共识方案改进前后节点的行为策略选择变化,在不同奖惩力度和惩罚因子下节点行为策略的演化趋势,并用Matlab仿真。研究结果表明:(1)改进方案能遏制恶意节点的合谋行为并提高投票节点的积极性;(2)奖惩力度能影响节点行为策略;(3)惩罚因子可以影响节点行为趋向稳定点的速度。
文摘针对授权股权证明共识机制中节点投票不积极和节点腐败的问题,提出一种基于配对制度的DPoS共识机制(delegated proof-of-stake based on matching mechanism,DPoS-M2)。根据节点属性值将节点分为独立节点、主节点和配基节点,通过主节点和配基节点配对增加节点间相互作用力,提高各类节点参与共识的积极性,从而降低系统中心化程度。采用类别评定模块,计算节点行为权重值并更新节点类别,使系统对节点的奖惩更具有针对性。当新节点加入系统时,运用马氏距离计算公式求出最需要该节点的社区,以保证社区动态且平衡运行。在仿真环境下,DPoS-M2在运行了80 min时,与DDPoS、DPoS-PI和DPoS相比,节点的参与度分别提高21.9%、8.7%和32.4%;出块数量分别提高63.2%、44.8%和11.6%;新节点参与率分别提高22.8%、25.5%和28.7%;恶意节点的剔除速度分别提高12%、32%和48%。实验结果表明,DPoS-M2能有效地提高节点的积极性和系统去中心化程度,加快出块速度,提高可扩展性,增强系统安全性。
文摘针对委托权益证明(delegated proof of stake,DPoS)共识机制中节点作恶以及如何降低恶意节点成为代表节点可能性的问题,结合埃欧塔(IOTA)共识机制在安全性和稳定性方面的优势建立了节点之间的信任关系,提出了一种基于节点权重的DPoS(delegated proof of stake based on node weight,NW-DPoS)共识算法。将节点历史行为信息、自身权重值和在线状态作为计算认可度的因素,选取累积认可度高的节点作为区块生产者;根据节点行为表现并以降低节点累积认可度的方式惩罚有恶意行为的节点。仿真实验和分析表明:NW-DPoS共识算法能够明显降低恶意节点成为代表节点的概率,并且在抵御双花攻击和贿赂攻击方面比DPoS共识机制更可靠,从而提高了系统的安全性。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71673122,72074117)the Fund of Social Sciences in Jiangsu Province(20WTB007)the Scientific Research Fund of Education Ministry-China Mobile(D203209000115)。
文摘Delegated proof-of-stake(DPOS) consensus mechanism is widely adopted in blockchain platforms, but problems exist in its current applications. In order to explore the security risks in the voting attack of the DPOS consensus mechanism, an extensive game model between nodes was constructed, and it was concluded that the DPOS consensus mechanism relies too much on tokens, and the possibility of node attacks is very high. In order to solve the problems of frequent changes of DPOS consensus mechanism nodes, inactive node voting, excessive reliance on tokens, and malicious nodes, a dynamic, credible, and attack-evading DPOS consensus mechanism was proposed. In addition, the Python simulation results show that the improved Bayesian voting algorithm is effective in calculating node scores.