Nerve growth factor pretreatment against glutamate-induced hippocampal neuronal injury Action mechanism of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10

BACKGROUND： Nerve growth factor （NGF） attenuates glutamate-induced injury to hippocampal neurons, and the human tumor suppressor gene phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 （PTEN） promotes neuronal apoptosis. However, effects of PTEN in NGF-mediated neuroprotection against glutamate excitotoxicity remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the relationship between NGF inhibition of glutamate-induced injury and PTEN. DESIGN, TIME AND SE＇I＇rlNG： The randomized, controlled, in vitro study was performed at the Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Nantong University, China from October 2007 to March 2008. MATERIALS： Glutamate, NGF, 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenyl-indolediacetate, 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]- 2, 5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide （M-I-F）, and lactate dehydrogenase kit （Sigma, USA）, fluorescence microscope and inverted phase contrast microscope （Olympus, Japan） were used in this study. METHODS： Hippocampal neurons were obtained from newborn （〈 24 hours） Sprague Dawley rats and cultured for 7 days. The control group was not treated with any intervention factor, the glutamate group was treated with glutamate （0.2 mmol/L）, and NGF groups were treated with NGF （10, 50, 100, and 200 μg/L, respectively） prior to glutamate treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The MTT and lactate dehydrogenase assays were applied to evaluate viability of hippocampal neurons. Morphological changes in hippocampal neurons were observed using an inverted phase-contrast microscope, and neuronal apoptosis was detected by 4, 6-diamidino-2- phenyl-indolediacetate staining. PTEN mRNA and protein expression were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS： Glutamate （0.2 mmol/L） induced significantly decreased neuronal viability and greater lactate dehydrogenase efflux compared with the control group （P 〈 0.01）. However, compared with the glutamate group, cell viability significantly increased and lactate dehydrogenase efflux decreased in the NGF group with increasing NGF concentrations （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. The apoptotic ratio and PTEN mRNA and protein expression decreased in the NGF group compared with the glutamate group （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Pretreatment with NGF exerted neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced injury, partially through inhibition of PTEN expression and neuronal apoptosis.

Expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten in liver of athymic mice with hepatocellular carcinoma and the effect of Fuzheng Jiedu Decoction

AIM： To explore the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten （PTEN） in liver of athymic mice with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） and the effect of Fuzheng Jiedu Decoction （FJD）. METHODS： Forty eight male BALB/c athymic mice models were built by Bel-7402 with an indirect method. After 24 h of postoperation, the 48 athymic mice were distributed randomly into 4 groups： A, B, C, D, each group had 12 athymic mice. Group A were were treated by intragastric administration with FT207 （Tegafur） for 4 wk. Group B, C and D were treated by intragastric administration with FJD （complex prescription of Chinese crude drug） that had been delegated into 3 kinds of density as the low, middle, and high for 4 wk. At last, athymic mice were put to death, live time, volume of tumors, exponent of tumors and the tumor metastasis in livers were observed; and PTEN was detected in hepatic tissue, latero-cancer tissue and cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Four weeks later, the total survival rate in treatment group （A ＋ B ＋ C） was 50% and higher than the control group （0%） treated by FT207, （P 〈 0.01）. The survival rate in group A, B, C was higher than in group D, and except group A with D, there was significant differentces （Fisher＇s Exact Test P = 0.05 or 0.01）. And no differences were observed between the treatment groups and the control group in volume of tumors and exponent of tumors （P 〉 0.05）. Tumor metastasis in livers of the treatment group was less than the controls （Fisher＇s Exact Test, P = 0.021）. The result of immunohistochemistry showed that the intensity of PTEN in latero-cancer tissue was the highest, and then the hepatic tissue, the lowest was cancer tissue （Kruskal- Wallis test, X^2 = 60.67, P = 0.000）. It also showed that the intensity of PTEN in treatment groups （A, B, C） was higher than the control group （D） （F = 5.90, P = 0.002 in hepatic tissue and F = 15.99, P = 0.000 in latero-cancer tissue and X^2 = 26.08, P = 0.000 in cancer tissue）, and group B is the highest in the treatment groups （P 〈 0.05, r = 0.01. respectively）. However, there was no significant statistic difference between group A and group C （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： FJD can prolong the survival time and decrease tumor metastasis in livers of these experimental mice. Mechanisms of FJD healing HCC may partially be explained by enhancing the expression of PTEN in liver.

Rapid construction of phosphatase and tensin homolog-deleted on chromosome ten gene recombinant adenovirus using the AdEasy system

Recent studies have shown that phosphatase and tensin homolog-deleted on chromosome ten （PTEN） gene plays an important role in ischemic brain damage and synaptic plasticity. The AdEasy system, which has been widely used, greatly simplifies preparation of recombinant adenovirus. Therefore, recombinant defective adenovirus vector carrying human PTEN tumor suppressor gene （Ad-PTEN） was constructed using the AdEasy-1 system and was transfected into HEK293 cells for packaging and amplification. Infection efficiency and expression intensity were observed in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons infected with Ad-PTEN in vitro. Results revealed a cytopathic effect in green fluorescent protein expression, which increased with prolonged time. After three cycles of amplification, the adenovirus titer was increased to an adequate titer for infecting hippocampal neurons. The entire process typically requires 4-5 weeks for completion. Results suggested that recombinant defective adenovirus vector carrying the PTEN gene was successfully and rapidly constructed using the AdEasy system.

Phosphatase and tensin homology deleted in chromosome 10,hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha gene expression in colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma and their relation to vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression

To examine phosphatase and tensin homology deleted in chromosome 10 (PTEN),hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) gene expressions and their relation to vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) protein expression in the patients with human colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas.Methods The expression of PTEN,HIF-1 alpha gene was detected by using in situ hybridization,and the VEGF expression levels by immunohistochemistry in colorectal adenomas and primary colorectal adenocarcinoma.Results Strong expression of HIF-1 alpha was detectable in the majority of colorectal dadenocarcinoma,particularly surrounding areas of necrosis in adenocarcinoma.PTEN,HIF-1 alpha mRNA and VEGF protein were positive in 51.6%,67.7% and 59.7% respectively in 62 cases of adenocarcinomas,and 77.8%,44.4% and 33.3% respectively in 18 cases of adenomas.The positive rate of VEGF was higher in the patients with colorectal adenocarcinomas than that in those with adenomas,whereas that of PTEN mRNA was contrary.HIF-1 mRNA expression was correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis,liver metastasis,Duke’s stage and recurrence.During colorectal tumor progression,the expression of HIF-1 alpha mRNA was positively correlated with the VEGF protein expression (χ2= 4.751 ,P<0.05),but negatively with the PTEN mRNA expression(χ2=21.84,P<0.01).Conclusion The absence or low expression of PTEN and the increased levels of HIF-1α and VEGF may paly an important role in carcinogenesis and progression of colorectal carcinoma.These results suggest that VEGF upregulated by HIF-1 alpha gene may be involved in angiogenesis of colorectal adenocarcinoma.4 refs,1 tab.

Hepatoprotective effects of Xiaoyao San formula on hepatic steatosis and inflammation via regulating the sex hormones metabolism

BACKGROUND The modified Xiaoyao San(MXS)formula is an adjuvant drug recommended by the National Health Commission of China for the treatment of liver cancer,which has the effect of preventing postoperative recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma and prolonging patient survival.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying that remain unclear.AIM To investigate the role and mechanisms of MXS in ameliorating hepatic injury,steatosis and inflammation.METHODS A choline-deficient/high-fat diet-induced rat nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)model was used to examine the effects of MXS on lipid accumulation in primary hepatocytes.Liver tissues were collected for western blotting and immunohisto chemistry(IHC)assays.Lipid accumulation and hepatic fibrosis were detected using oil red staining and Sirius red staining.The serum samples were collected for biochemical assays and NMR-based metabonomics analysis.The inflammation/lipid metabolism-related signaling and regulators in liver tissues were also detected to reveal the molecular mechanisms of MXS against NASH.RESULTS MXS showed a significant decrease in lipid accumulation and inflammatory response in hepatocytes under metabolic stress.The western blotting and IHC results indicated that MXS activated AMPK pathway but inhibited the expression of key regulators related to lipid accumulation,inflammation and hepatic fibrosis in the pathogenesis of NASH.The metabonomics analysis systemically indicated that the arachidonic acid metabolism and steroid hormone synthesis are the two main target metabolic pathways for MXS to ameliorate liver inflammation and hepatic steatosis.Mechanistically,we found that MXS protected against NASH by attenuating the sex hormone-related metabolism,especially the metabolism of male hormones.CONCLUSION MXS ameliorates inflammation and hepatic steatosis of NASH by inhibiting the metabolism of male hormones.Targeting male hormone related metabolic pathways may be the potential therapeutic approach for NASH.

PTEN and Ki67 expression is associated with clinicopathologic features of non-small cell lung cancer

Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10（PTEN） and the proliferating antigen Ki67 have been widely studied in several tumors.However,their role as indicator in non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）remains unknown.Here,we investigated the expression of PTEN and Ki67 in NSCLC tissues and paired normal lung tissues to identify whether these proteins are associated with lung cancer development and survival.Immunohistochemistry for PTEN and Ki67 was performed on 67 lung cancer tissues and 41 paired adjacent normal lung tissues to detect the expression of these two proteins.The expression of PTEN in NSCLC tissues（32.8%） was significantly lower than that in normal tissues（82.9%,P 〈 0.05）.In contrast,the expression of Ki67 in NSCLC tissues（76.1%） was significantly higher than that in normal tissues（27.3%,P 〈 0.05）.Expression of both PTEN and Ki67 were strongly associated with tumor histology,clinical stage,lymph node metastasis,differentiation and4-year postoperative survival rate（P 〈 0.05）.However,PTEN expression was negatively correlated with Ki67 expression（r =-0.279,P 〈 0.05）.In conclusion,low PTEN expression and Ki67 overexpression are associated with malignant invasion and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC.These proteins may serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of NSCLC.

Increased susceptibility of aging gastric mucosa to injury:The mechanisms and clinical implications

This review updates the current views on aging gastric mucosa and the mechanisms of its increased susceptibility to injury. Experimental and clinical studies indicate that gastric mucosa of aging individuals-&#x0201c;aging gastropathy&#x0201d;-has prominent structural and functional abnormalities vs young gastric mucosa. Some of these abnormalities include a partial atrophy of gastric glands, impaired mucosal defense (reduced bicarbonate and prostaglandin generation, decreased sensory innervation), increased susceptibility to injury by a variety of damaging agents such as ethanol, aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), impaired healing of injury and reduced therapeutic efficacy of ulcer-healing drugs. Detailed analysis of the above changes indicates that the following events occur in aging gastric mucosa: reduced mucosal blood flow and impaired oxygen delivery cause hypoxia, which leads to activation of the early growth response-1 (egr-1) transcription factor. Activation of egr-1, in turn, upregulates the dual specificity phosphatase, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) resulting in activation of pro-apoptotic caspase-3 and caspase-9 and reduced expression of the anti-apoptosis protein, survivin. The imbalance between pro- and anti-apoptosis mediators results in increased apoptosis and increased susceptibility to injury. This paradigm has human relevance since increased expression of PTEN and reduced expression of survivin were demonstrated in gastric mucosa of aging individuals. Other potential mechanisms operating in aging gastric mucosa include reduced telomerase activity, increase in replicative cellular senescence, and reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and importin-&#x003b1;-a nuclear transport protein essential for transport of transcription factors to nucleus. Aging gastropathy is an important and clinically relevant issue because of: (1) an aging world population due to prolonged life span; (2) older patients have much greater risk of gastroduodenal ulcers and gastrointestinal complications (e.g., NSAIDs-induced gastric injury) than younger patients; and (3) increased susceptibility of aging gastric mucosa to injury can be potentially reduced or reversed pharmacologically.

Colonic manifestations of PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome: Case series and systematic review

AIM: To investigate our clinical experience with the colonic manifestations of phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome ten (PTEN) hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) and to perform a systematic literature review regarding the same.

MiR-106b-5p Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-induced Apoptosis by Targeting Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Deleted on Chromosome 10 in Vascular Endothelial Cells

Background： Apoptosis of endothelial cells （ECs） plays a key role in the development of atherosclerosis and there are also evidence indicated that phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 （PTEN） is a viable target in therapeutic approaches to prevent vascular ECs apoptosis. Aberrant miR-106b-5p expression has been reported in the plasma of patients with unstable atherosclerotic plaques. However, the role and underlying mechanism of miR-106-5p in the genesis of atherosclerosis have not been addressed. In this study, we explored the anti-apoptotic role of miR-106-5p by regulating PTEN expression in vascular ECs. Methods： Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） was performed to detect the expression levels of miR-106b-5p in human atherosclerotic plaques and normal vascular tissues. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVEC） were transfected with miR-106b-5p mimic or negative control mimic, and apoptosis was induced by serum starvation and tumor necrosis factor-α （TN F-α） treat. Western blotting and real-time RT-PCR experiments were used to detect PTEN expression levels and TN F-α-induced apoptosis was evaluated by the activation of caspase-3 and cell DNA fragmentation levels in HUVEC. Results： The expression ofmiR-106b-5p was significantly downregulated in plaques than in normal vascular tissues. TNF-α significantly downregulated miR-106b-5p expression levels and upregulated activation of caspase-3 and cell DNA fragmentation levels in HUVEC. Overexpression ofmiR-106b-5p with miR-106b-5p mimic inhibited PTEN expression and TNF-α-induced apoptosis in HUVEC. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-106b-5p binds to PTEN mRNA 3＇ untranslated region site, Conclusion： MiR-106b-5p could inhibit the expression of PTEN in vascular ECs, which could block TNF-α-induced activation of caspase-3, thus prevent ECs apoptosis in atherosclerosis diseases.

Upregulated DJ-1 Promotes Renal Tubular EMT by Suppressing Cytoplasmic PTEN Expression and Akt Activation

Recently,phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10（PTEN） is suggested as a new agent in the fighting against fibrogenesis.In tumor,DJ-1 is identified as a negative regulator of PTEN.But the expression of DJ-1 and the regulation of PTEN in fibrosis are unclear.Renal fibrosis was induced in 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy rat model.Human proximal tubular epithelial cells（HKC） were treated with transforming growth factor-beta 1（TGF-β1）,or transfected with DJ-1 or PTEN.Confocal microscope was used to investigate the localization of DJ-1 and PTEN.The selective phosphoinositide-3 kinase（PI3K） inhibitor,LY294002,was administered to inhibit PI3K pathway.The DJ-1 and PTEN expression,markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT） and Akt phosphorylation were measured by RT-PCR,Western blotting or immunocytochemistry.In vitro,after HKC cells were stimulated with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 72 h,the expression of DJ-1 was increased,and that of PTEN was decreased.In vivo,the same results were identified in 5/6-nephrectomized rats.In normal HKC cells,most of DJ-1 protein localized in cytoplasm,and little in nucleus.TGF-β1 upregulated DJ-1 expression in both cytoplasma and nuclei.In contrary,TGF-β1 emptied cytoplasmic PTEN protein into nucleus.Overexpression of DJ-1 decreased the expression of PTEN,promoted the activation of Akt and the expression of vimentin,and also led to the loss of cytoplasmic PTEN.Contrarily,overexpression of PTEN protected HKC cells from TGF-β1-induced EMT.In conclusion,DJ-1 is upregulated in renal fibrosis and DJ-1 mediates EMT by suppressing cytoplasmic PTEN expression and Akt activation.

Relationsip between PTEN and VEGF Expression and Clinicopathological Characteristics in HCC

To investigate the expressions and significance of the tumor suppressor gene phosphatase and tensin homlog deleted on chromosome ten protein （PTEN） and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）, and to analyze the relationship between their expressions and the tumor＇s invasion and their pericarcinomatous tissues, the correlation of their expressions with the tumor＇s clinicopathological characteristics and invasion potential were studied. Our study showed that the expression level of PTEN in HCC was remarkably lower than that in pericarcinomatous liver tissues, while the expressions of both VEGF and MVD were higher than that in pericarcinomatous liver tissues. Correlation analysis revealed that the expression of PTEN was negatively related to the progression of the pathological differentiation and invasion of tumor, whereas the expressions of VEGF and MVD were positively related. Moreover, there was a negative relationship between the expression of PTEN and the expressions of VEGF and MVD, and a positive one between VEGF and MVD. The expressions of PTEN and VEGF may reveal the degree of differentiation and the invasive potential of HCC tissues. The mechanism by which the lack of PTEN expression probably induces abnormal hyperexpression of VEGF may play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of HCC.

伴微量白蛋白尿2型糖尿病患者血清脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白和4和第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶张力蛋白同源物蛋白的研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)伴微量白蛋白尿患者血清脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白(FABP4)和第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物(PTEN)蛋白表达水平变化及两者在糖尿病肾病(DN)发生过程中的相互关系。方法收集T2DM患者120例,据尿白蛋白肌酐比值(UACR)进行分组,其中正常白蛋白尿组(D0)39例,微量白蛋白尿组(D1)81例。同时收集39例正常对照组(NC)。采用ELI-SA法检测受试者外周血清FABP4和PTEN蛋白表达的水平。结果 T2DM组血清FABP4和PTEN蛋白水平均显著高于正常对照组(P <0.001)。D1组血清FABP4和PTEN蛋白水平显著高于NC组及D0组(均P <0.05)。T2DM患者中,Log(FABP4)与PTEN蛋白(r=0.524,P <0.001)、Log(UACR)(r=0.202,P <0.05)均呈正相关。二分类Logistic回归分析显示,血清FABP4水平与T2DM患者尿微量白蛋白的出现独立相关(OR=1.147,95%CI∶1.042～1.263,P=0.005)。结论血清FABP4水平也许可作为DN患者的早期预测指标。FABP4和PTEN蛋白可能在DN的发生中存在着相互联系。

食管黏膜上皮癌变过程中与细胞骨架蛋白tensin同源的磷酸酯酶基因的表达及意义

目的探讨与细胞骨架蛋白tensin同源的磷酸酯酶基因(PTEN)在食管黏膜上皮癌变过程中的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组织化学法检测20例正常食管黏膜、20例食管上皮非典型增生、24例原位癌、44例食管鳞癌组织中PTEN表达情况,并探讨PTEN与食管鳞癌病理分级的关系。结果正常食管黏膜、非典型增生、原位癌及食管鳞癌组织中PTEN蛋白阳性表达率分别为100%、85.00%、70.83%和45.45%,原位癌、食管鳞癌组织中PTEN蛋白阳性率低于正常食管黏膜(P<0.05),食管鳞癌组织中PTEN蛋白阳性率低于原位癌和食管上皮非典型增生组织(P<0.05)。高分化、中分化及低分化食管鳞癌组织中在患者中PTEN蛋白阳性表达率分别为75.00%(15/20)、21.43%(3/14)、20.00%(2/10),高分化食管鳞癌组织中PTEN蛋白阳性表达率显著高于中分化和低分化食管鳞癌组织中(P<0.05),中分化和低分化食管鳞癌组织中PTEN蛋白阳性表达率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论PTEN表达降低可能与食管鳞状上皮癌变有关,并可能在食管癌早期形成与发展中起有重要的作用。

与细胞骨架同源10号染色体有缺陷的磷酸酯酶和磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶在大鼠心肌肥厚中的表达

目的：研究异丙肾上腺素致大鼠心肌肥厚与细胞骨架同源10号染色体有缺陷的磷酸酯酶（PTEN）和磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶（P13K）在心肌组织中的表达，为探讨心肌肥厚的信号转导机制和逆转心肌肥厚提供形态学资料。方法：健康成年SD大鼠皮下注射异丙肾上腺素，造成心肌肥厚模型；取心肌组织，常规石蜡切片，H—E染色，观察心肌组织的病理变化；免疫组织化学显色和免疫荧光显色，检测PTEN和p-P13K的表达及分布。利用图像分析软件对PTEN和p-P13K的表达结果进行定量分析。结果：与对照组相比，实验组PTEN和p-P13K的阳性表达增高。结论：PTEN和p-P13K蛋白表达增高可能在心肌肥厚的发生和发展过程中发挥重要作用。

阿托伐他汀对人CD4+T淋巴细胞张力蛋白同源第10染色体丢失的磷酸酶基因表达的影响

目的研究阿托伐他汀在体外对人CD4+T淋巴细胞张力蛋白同源第10染色体丢失的磷酸酶基因(PTEN)表达的影响。方法取25例健康志愿者的新鲜外周血,免疫磁珠分选出CD4+T淋巴细胞,随机分为空白组、植物血凝素(PHA)刺激组、PHA+1μmol/L阿托伐他汀组、PHA+5μmol/L阿托伐他汀组,PHA+10μmol/L阿托伐他汀组,体外培养48 h后收集各组细胞及培养基上清液,荧光定量PCR检测PTEN mRNA表达水平,Western blot检测PTEN蛋白表达,ELISA检测培养基上清液肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)及白细胞介素10(IL-10)浓度。结果与空白组比较,PHA刺激后,CD4+T淋巴细胞PTEN mRNA、蛋白的表达及上清液TNF-α、IL-6浓度均升高(P<0.05),而IL-10浓度升高无统计学差异(P>0.05)。与PHA刺激组比较,PHA+5μmol/L阿托伐他汀组、PHA+10μmol/L阿托伐他汀组CD4+T淋巴细胞PTEN mRNA、蛋白的表达和上清液IL-10浓度增加(P<0.05),而PHA+1μmol/L阿托伐他汀组具有增高趋势(P>0.05),并随着阿托伐他汀药物浓度的增加而增加;各组上清液TNF-α、IL-6浓度降低,PHA+5μmol/L阿托伐他汀组、PHA+10μmol/L阿托伐他汀组具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。直线相关性分析显示,TNF-α、IL-6的分泌水平与PTEN的表达量呈明显的负相关关系(r=-0.837和r=-0.816,P<0.01),IL-10的分泌水平与PTEN的表达量呈明显的正相关关系(r=0.753,P<0.05)。结论阿托伐他汀能够通过调控人CD4+T淋巴细胞PTEN表达发挥抗炎作用。

胃肠间质瘤组织中第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶张力蛋白同源物基因蛋白和磷酸化蛋白激酶B蛋白的表达及其对患者预后的影响

目的探讨胃肠间质瘤组织中第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶张力蛋白同源物基因(PTEN)、磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-PKB,又称p-Akt)表达水平以及其对患者预后的影响。方法选取行手术治疗的胃肠间质瘤患者116例为研究组,选取116例相对应的瘤旁正常胃肠道组织作为对照组。采用免疫组织化学法测定2组PTEN、p-Akt的表达水平;分析PTEN、p-Akt表达水平与胃肠间质瘤临床病理特征的关系;分析PTEN、p-Akt表达水平与胃肠间质瘤患者无复发生存状况的关系;探讨影响胃肠间质瘤患者预后的因素。结果PTEN在研究组中的阳性表达率低于对照组,而p-Akt在对照组中的阳性表达率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PTEN的低表达、p-Akt的高表达与胃肠间质瘤组织的核分裂象、危险度分级、浸润深度有关(P<0.05)。PTEN阳性胃肠间质瘤患者平均无复发生存时间长于PTEN阴性胃肠间质瘤患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);p-Akt阴性胃肠间质瘤患者平均无复发生存时间长于p-Akt阳性胃肠间质瘤患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病理性核分裂象、浸润深度、PTEN阴性表达、p-Akt阳性表达是影响胃肠间质瘤患者预后的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论胃肠间质瘤组织中PTEN、p-Akt的表达情况与患者预后关系密切,可为评估患者预后提供参考。

miR-26a和第10号染色体上缺失磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物在糖尿病足中的表达及意义

目的检测糖尿病足患者皮肤溃疡组织处微小RNA(miR)-26a、第10号染色体上缺失磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物(PTEN)的表达情况,探讨2者在糖尿病足中的作用及关系。方法回顾性选取2018年1月至2019年1月冀中能源峰峰集团有限公司总医院骨科103例糖尿病足患者作为糖尿病足组,同期选取105例单纯糖尿病患者作为对照组。糖尿病足患者采集患者皮肤溃疡组织、对照组采集皮肤创伤组织,实时荧光PCR(qRT-PCR)法检测皮肤溃疡组织、皮肤创伤组织miR-26a表达水平。酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测皮肤溃疡组织、皮肤创伤组织PTEN表达水平。根据糖尿病足溃疡Wagner分级标准,1级为轻度糖尿病足组(n=9),2~3级为中度糖尿病足组(n=69),4~5级为重度糖尿病足组(n=25)。不同严重程度糖尿病足患者皮肤溃疡组织中miR-26a、PTEN水平比较。并分析糖尿病足患者皮肤溃疡组织中miR-26a与PTEN的相关性。结果与对照组相比,糖尿病足组皮肤溃疡组织miR-26a水平升高(1.74±0.41 vs.1.01±0.30),PTEN水平降低[(86.35±26.47)ng/L vs.(167.15±41.10)ng/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与轻度糖尿病足组相比,中、重度糖尿病足组皮肤溃疡组织中miR-26a水平升高(1.26±0.34 vs.1.75±0.48 vs 1.90±0.35),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与轻、中度糖尿病足组相比,重度糖尿病足组皮肤溃疡组织中PTEN水平降低[(91.91±10.62)ng/L vs.(88.01±12.16)ng/L vs.(79.81±10.15)ng/L)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,糖尿病足组皮肤溃疡组织miR-26a与PTEN呈负相关(r=-0.334,P<0.05)。结论糖尿病足患者皮肤溃疡组织处miR-26a高表达,PTEN低表达,两者呈负相关,可能与糖尿病足关系密切。

下调微小RNA-425-5p靶向第10号染色体同源缺失性磷酸酶-张力蛋白调控宫颈癌细胞侵袭和迁移的分子机制

目的研究下调微小RNA(miR)-425-5p靶向第10号染色体同源缺失性磷酸酶-张力蛋白(PTEN)调控宫颈癌Caski细胞侵袭和迁移的分子机制。方法本研究起止时间为2018年12月至2019年11月。以宫颈癌Caski细胞为探讨对象,转染miR-425-5p抑制剂(inhibitor),PTENsiRNA和miR-425-5p inhibitor共转染到宫颈癌Caski细胞;MTT法测定细胞增殖,Transwell小室测定细胞侵袭和迁移;在线靶基因预测软件发现PTEN与miR-425-5p可能互为靶向关系,荧光素酶报告系统鉴定靶向关系;蛋白质印迹法(Westernblotting)测定上皮钙黏素(E-cadherin)、神经钙黏素(N-cadherin)蛋白表达。结果转染miR-425-5p inhibitor后的宫颈癌Caski细胞miR-425-5p表达量降低[(0.96±0.15)比(0.32±0.04)],增殖[(0.47±0.05)比(0.23±0.04)]、侵袭[(95.32±7.86)比(63.17±5.22)]及迁移[(140.88±13.94)比(89.64±9.57)]能力降低,E-cadherin表达上调[(0.29±0.05)比(0.65±0.07)],N-cadherin表达下调[(0.59±0.04)比(0.30±0.04)]。miR-425-5p靶向负调控PTEN表达。PTENsiRNA可以逆转下调miR-425-5p对宫颈癌Caski细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移的抑制作用。结论下调miR-425-5p靶向PTEN抑制宫颈癌Caski细胞侵袭和迁移。

脓毒症中第10染色体丢失的磷酸酶基因在内皮细胞中表达的研究

目的研究在脓毒症中第10染色体丢失的磷酸酶基因(PTEN)在内皮细胞中的表达情况。方法 20只雄性SD大鼠随机分为2组,盲肠结扎穿孔组(CLP组)和对照组;48 h后取血液和肺组织样本。用血浆作用于体外培养的脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC),并应用免疫组织化学方法检测PTEN的表达状况;用West-ern-blot的方法检测脐静脉内皮细胞中PTEN蛋白的表达。结果在CLP组脐静脉内皮细胞中PTEN的表达明显增高;CLP组PTEN的表达为(0.513±0.02),对照组PTEN的表达为(0.162±0.025)。CLP组与对照组相比差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论脓毒症中PTEN基因在HUVEC中表达增高,提示PTEN在脓毒症内皮细胞损伤中发挥了一定的作用。

人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因敲除促进小鼠动脉血管钙化的机制研究

目的研究人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因(phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10,PTEN)在小鼠动脉血管钙化形成过程中的作用。方法 1构建血管特异性PTEN敲除小鼠(PTEN△/△),对照组小鼠为PTENf/f;2免疫组化检测Apo E全敲除小鼠钙化血管中PTEN的表达水平;3体外通过钙化培养基诱导血管钙化;4Alizarin Red染色和Von Kossa染色评估PTEN敲除后小鼠血管钙化程度;5实时荧光定量PCR检测血管钙化标志物Runx2、骨钙蛋白和BMP2的表达水平。结果 1与普通饮食组相比,高脂饮食诱导的Apo E基因敲除小鼠血管钙化明显,而钙化后的血管中PTEN的表达水平显著下降(P<0.01);2经体外诱导后,PTEN△/△小鼠血管明显钙化,而PTENf/f小鼠血管几乎无钙化;3与PTENf/f组相比,PTEN△/△小鼠血管钙化标志物Runx2、骨钙蛋白和BMP2的表达均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论血管特异性PTEN基因敲除促进小鼠血管钙化的形成。