Deliberate self-harm among pediatric psychiatric inpatients in China:A single-center retrospective study

BACKGROUND For children and adolescents,deliberate self-harm(DSH)is becoming a mental health problem of concern.Despite several studies on the prevalence and factors of DSH in the world,there is little information on DSH among children and adolescents in China.This study explores the prevalence,types,associated risk factors and tendency of DSH in pediatric psychiatric inpatients in China.AIM To understand the situation of DSH among hospitalized children and adolescents and its related factors.METHODS In this study,we retrospectively studied 1414 hospitalized children and adolescents with mental illness at Xiamen Mental Health Center from 2014 to 2019,extracted the demographic and clinical data of all patients,and analyzed clinical risk factors of DSH.RESULTS A total of 239(16.90%)patients engaged in at least one type of DSH in our study.Cutting(n=115,48.12%)was the most common type of DSH.Females(n=171,71.55%)were more likely to engage in DSH than males(n=68,28.45%).DSH was positively associated with depressive disorders[OR=3.845(2.196-6.732);P<0.01],female[OR=2.536(1.815-3.542);P<0.01],parental marital status[OR=5.387(2.254-12.875);P<0.01]and negative family history of psychiatric illness[OR=7.767(2.952-20.433);P<0.01],but not with occupation,substance use and history of physical abuse.CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that for patients with depression,females,an abnormal marriage of parents,and no history of mental illness,attention should be paid to the occurrence of DSH.

Group Buying Broker of Shanghai:Deliberate Metaphors in Shanghai’s COVID-19 News Reports

The outbreak in Shanghai,China in 2022 brought huge challenges to this protracted battle against the epidemic.Based on the deliberate metaphor theory,this study uses the news reports of Shanghai’s fight against the COVID-19 pandemic as the corpus and uses quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the types and characteristics of deliberate metaphors and its pragmatic purpose in a specific context.The results show that there are various types used in news reports,among which War metaphor,Climate metaphor and Education metaphor are used more.The deliberate metaphors makes the news more understandable attractively and pleasantly,thus evoking the emotional resonance of the public.

Deliberate Metaphor in Political Discourse——Based on Xi Jinping’s Diplomatic Discourse

Since Steen proposed the theory of deliberate metaphor, many scholars have studied this linguistic phenomenon from different perspectives. Deliberate metaphor, based on language and cognition, introduces communication into metaphor research and can be seen as an extension of conceptual metaphor. Deliberate metaphor is essentially a discourse strategy, which uses metaphorical expressions to make listeners consciously compare the target domain with the source domain and establish an online cross-domain mapping. In view of this, the author takes Xi Jinping’s diplomatic speeches published in FMA as research corpora, and systematically analyzes how deliberate metaphors play their persuasive and communicative functions in political discourse, and finally delves into whether deliberate nature in political metaphors affects people’s attitudes and beliefs, thus conducting cross fusion research on cognitive rhetoric and political discourse.

Relation between Interparental Conflict and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents:Mediating Role of Alexithymia and Moderating Role of Resilience

Background:Adolescents frequently engage in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury(NSSI),with recent trends indicating an increase in this behavior.At the same time,Chinese adolescents have a higher incidence of NSSI than Western adolescents.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the relationship between interparental conflict and NSSI among adolescents within the context of Chinese families.Methods:The research sample comprised 755 senior high school students(46.62%male;age M=16.82,SD=0.94 years)who completed the Interparental Conflict Child Perception Scale(CPIC),Adolescent Self-Injury Behavior Questionnaire(ASHS),Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20(TAS-20),and Scale of Adolescent Resilience(RSCA).Results:Findings suggest that interparental conflict is a significant positive predictor of NSSI(r=0.22,p<0.01).Alexithymia mediates the relation between interparental conflict and NSSI(effect size=0.09,95%CI[0.05,0.13]).Additionally,resilience moderates both the direct relation(β=−0.08,p<0.05)and the latter half of the mediating pathway(β=−0.08,p<0.05)in the moderated mediation model.Conclusion:This study indicates that interparental conflict have an impact on adolescents’NSSI in Chinese families,and alexithymia and resilience play important roles in the relationship.These findings offer valuable guidance for the prevention and intervention efforts targeting NSSI among adolescents in China and in similar family contexts.

Non-suicidal self-injury in Shanghai inner bound middle school students

Background Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviour is very common among adolescents. Its prevalence and behavioural characteristics may vary according to regional and cultural differences. Investigation of NSSI locations and diagnosis of adolescents with NSSI are relatively lacking in China. Aims The study objective was to determine the prevalence and features of NSSI among middle school students in Shanghai. Methods The participants were from grade 6 to 8 selected from three junior schools in Jing’an District. Consenting students completed the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory to determine the prevalence and characteristics of NSSI. Those who indicated NSSI within the past month were administered the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents to assess for emotional disorders. Result The result shows 510 participants (21.7%;mean age 13.51 (0.97) years old;56.7% female) reported at least one instance of NSSI during the previous 12 months. NSSI was significantly more common in girls than boys (24.9% vs 18.5%;χ^2=14.03, p=0.00). Commonly reported reasons for NSSI were for internal and external emotion regulation (87.9%, 82.3%) and social influence (57.8%). Anxiety disorders were the most common (28.9%) disorder associated with NSSI. Conclusion The rate of NSSI of middle school students in Shanghai inner bound is similar to those reported in North American and European youth. It is essential that school mental health professionals are aware of how to manage NSSI within the school setting.

Strategic deliberation on development of low-carbon energy system in China

In recent years, there have been considerable developments in energy provision with the growing improvements in energy supply security and support systems in China. However, China's energy system continues to retain a high-carbon feature where coal dominates energy production and consumption, which has led to the rapid growth of greenhouse gas emissions and associated serious environmental pollution. It has therefore become an important task for China to consider how to promote the low-carbon development of energy system. This paper summarized the basic trends and challenges for development of low-carbon energy system in China and studied the primary energy consumption and carbon emissions in different scenarios at 10-year intervals between 2010 and 2050. The analysis showed that controlling coal consumption will have an important influence on the control of total carbon emissions and of carbon emission peaking; promotion of non-fossil fuel energies will offer a growing contribution to a low-carbon transition in the medium and long term; the development of carbon capture, utilization, and storage will play a key role in realizing a deep decarbonization pathway, particularly after 2030; and the establishment of a low-carbon power system is crucial for the achievement of low-carbon energy transition. Finally, the strategic considerations and policy suggestions on the development of low-carbon energy systems in China are explored.

Concept Clarification of Moral Case Deliberation

Background: Health care professionals have encountered ethically difficult situations for decades in their clinical practice. Various clinical ethics support has been established in order to deal with these issues. Moral case deliberation is a new developed approach that deliberates over ethically difficult cases in clinical practice. However, there is lack of knowledge that describes the characteristics of the moral case deliberation and how this differs to related clinical ethics support where a concept analysis may clarify the differences. Aim: To analyse the concept of moral case deliberation and related concepts. Methods: Integrative literature review. Rodger’s evolutionary view of concept analysis has been used for clarification of the concept. Using specific keywords in the databases, searching for peer-reviewed academic paper published in English between 1995-2017 in the CINAHL, MEDLINE, Psych Info, Academic Search Elite and AMED. Results: Moral case deliberation (MCD) was defined as an approach with four specific characteristics: 1) Perspective sharing via dialogue, 2) training moral awareness, 3) moral emotional deliberation, and 4) moral support and joint learning. The presence of a facilitator who is trained in a specific method for the MCD reflection seemed to be important when stimulating the discussion from a patient perspective. Conclusions: Clarify the concept of moral case deliberation can be useful for healthcare professionals when choosing a facilitate-base reflection. Through a mutual dialogue and perspective sharing can MCD train staff members in moral awareness, create a space for emotions to be expressed and finally work as an platform for joint learning.

Differences in Non-suicidal Self-injury Behaviors between Unipolar Depression and Bipolar Depression in Adolescent Outpatients

Objective Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)has a higher prevalence in adolescents with depressive disorders than in community adolescents.This study examined the differences in NSSI behaviors between adolescents with unipolar depression(UD)and those with bipolar depression(BD).Methods Adolescents with UD or BD were recruited from 20 general or psychiatric hospitals across China.The methods,frequency,and function of NSSI were assessed by Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation.The Beck Suicide Ideation Scale was used to evaluate adolescents’suicidal ideation,and the 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale to estimate the anxiety and depression symptoms.Results The UD group had higher levels of depression(19.16 vs.17.37,F=15.23,P<0.001)and anxiety symptoms(17.73 vs.16.70,F=5.00,P=0.026)than the BD group.Adolescents with BD had a longer course of NSSI than those with UD(2.00 vs.1.00 year,Z=−3.39,P=0.001).There were no statistical differences in the frequency and the number of methods of NSSI between the UD and BD groups.Depression(r=0.408,P<0.01)and anxiety(r=0.391,P<0.01)were significantly and positively related to NSSI frequency.Conclusion Adolescents with BD had a longer course of NSSI than those with UD.More importantly,NSSI frequency were positively and strongly correlated with depression and anxiety symptoms,indicating the importance of adequate treatment of depression and anxiety in preventing and intervening adolescents’NSSI behaviors.

Prospects of Deliberative Global Governance

Global governance is often equated with international institutions such as the United Nations and the World Bank that were established after World War II to address problems transcending national borders. While these institutions incorporate norms of representative democracy that evolved in national societies, their legitimacy is often questioned on grounds of limited effectiveness and remoteness from the citizens they purportedly serve. The arguments of many democratic theorists that deliberation among ordinary citizens can legitimize policies that heed these views thus bear important implications for global governance. In this paper, the possibility and different ways that civil society enhancing public participation, transparency and accountability in global governance are addressed. The empirical focus will be on the world＇s first global deliberation--WWViews （world wide views on global warming） that was held in 38 countries with all inhabited continents in 2009. The social drivers that encourage innovation in global democratic governance are analysed, as the main successes and challenges of WWViews and sketch three scenarios of the future of deliberative global governance are based on the experiences and plans around global citizen participation. The authors argue that despite some challenges, such as ensuring high quality of deliberation in highly variant policy cultural contexts and building policy pathways conducive to political impact, the prospects of deliberation in helping solve global environmental and policy problems are high, and likely to see cumulative progress in the near future.

Deliberative Governance as an Instrumental Mechanism: A Study of Different Types of Environmental Deliberations

Deliberative governance of environmental issues indicates that environmental governance has undergone a transformation from relying on government authority for solutions to reaching consensus among participants.This can be regarded as an important strategy for the structural transformation of China’s environmental governance.In this paper,the practices of environmental deliberation in China are classified into four types by the attributes of environmental issues and the relationships of participants as:response-,autonomy-,consultation-,and supervision-based.On the basis of the government’s interests and motives to engage in environmental deliberations,we analyze its practice orientations from five perspectives:scope of issues,functions,participants,procedures,and methods.Then we point out that environmental deliberations have both public and instrumental governance motives,but the governance motive,which aims for governance effectiveness and social control,is more conspicuous.We further conclude that the value pursuit of deliberative democracy for public reasons is to some extent replaced by an instrumental deliberative motive that intends to address specific environmental issues,standardize public participation orderliness,safeguard social harmony and stability,strengthen organizational functions,provide consultation on environmental policies,and promote the implementation of those policies.

Research progress on brain-derived neurotrophic factor and non-suicidal self-injury addictive behavior associated with depressive disorders in adolescents

In recent years,non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behavior has emerged in a large number of adoles-cent depression.NSSI associated with adolescent depres-sion may be an addictive behavior,which has many sim-ilar neurobiological mechanisms to substance addiction.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and precursor of BDNF(proBDNF)play an important role in addiction behavior,and they may be related to endogenous opioid receptors.The location and distribution of opioidμre-ceptors in the brain are related to reward,motivation and emotion regulated by behavioral addiction.The purpose of this paper is to review the general situation,mechanism and relationship between the characteristics of NSSI be-havior addiction and brain-derived nutritional factors in adolescents with depression.

自我效能感对大学生体育学习投入的影响:有调节的中介效应

目的:基于自我效能感理论和学习投入理论探讨自我效能感、主动反刍和自主性动机对大学生体育学习投入的影响机制。方法:采用问卷调查法、数理统计法,基于自我效能感量表、学习投入量表、主动反刍分量表和自主性动机分量表,以2 754名本科在校大学生为被试,运用Mplus 8.3进行数据回归分析。结果:(1)自我效能感正向预测了大学生体育学习投入(β=0.405,t=13.639,P<0.01);主动反刍正向预测了大学生体育学习投入(β=0.519,t=21.395,P<0.01)。(2)主动反刍在自我效能感与大学生体育学习投入路径中发挥部分中介效应(β=0.210, 95%CI[0.178,0.244],P<0.01)。(3)自主性动机正向调节了自我效能感对主动反刍的作用效应(β=0.297,SE=0.049,t=5.994,P<0.01),同时正向调节了主动反刍对体育学习投入的作用效应(β=0.241,SE=0.712,t=3.386,P<0.01)。结论:自我效能感、主动反刍和自主性动机是大学体育学习投入的重要预测因素;自我效能感不仅能够直接正向预测大学生体育学习投入水平,还可以在自主性动机的调节下,通过主动反刍间接正向预测大学生体育学习投入。因此,提升自我效能感、激发自主性动机和养成积极主动的反刍思维是干预大学生体育学习投入的有效策略,对提升大学生体育学习投入水平具有现实意义。

Reviewing Self-Injuries Behavior in Macaques: The Role of Early Experience and Genetics in an Integrated Non-Human Model

Genetic differences in non-human primates and the context where they were reared are important in the determination of their behaviors. Some studies suggest that Self-Injurious Behavior results from stress or anxiety, but some macaques appear to be more vulnerable to acquiring Self-Injurious Behavior. Vulnerability and risk for socially reared macaques of developing Self-Injurious Behavior increased when they experienced early adverse events and suffered from consequent stress. Stressful events can cause alterations in the neuroendocrine and neuropeptide systems associated with the regulation of stress and anxiety. Dysregulation in these systems contributes to the occurrence of anxious episodes that lead to self-harm. This could be used by those animals to counteract the effects of anxiety, causing euphoria by releasing endogenous opioids. In developing an integrative approach of Self-Injurious Behavior, we propose the diathesis-stress model to illustrate how the environment and genetics are influenced as well, taking rhesus monkeys as an example. Rhesus macaques and humans have essentially the same gene 5-HTT as well as functional polymorphism. The allelic variation in the region promoting the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT) was associated with significant differences in the number of depressive symptoms and contributions to social reward and punishment. Growing up without the mother and the rearing environment are important risk factors for developing abnormal behaviors. The main idea is that monkeys who carry short 5-HTT allele and are reared with their peers (without their mother) suffer from

能源危机政治漫画中蓄意隐喻的批评分析——以“健康与疾病”多模态隐喻场景为例

本文基于蓄意隐喻理论,构建批评隐喻场景分析框架,以能源危机漫画中的“健康与疾病”隐喻场景为例,考察多模态转喻、隐喻及叙事如何通过互动,建构危机中相关行为体的角色及相互关系,蓄意传达其社会交际功能。语料分析表明,该类漫画主要构建了三类蓄意隐喻场景:吸毒场景、治疗场景和伤亡场景,分别对应于危机话语修辞策略中的归因策略、应对策略和趋近化策略,讽刺批评欧盟在能源问题上的错误定位、荒唐应对和灾难后果。在认知机制上,该类漫画充分调动隐喻和转喻,借助场景中的角色关系、行为、后果等叙事要素,把危机置于个体生命框架进行反讽式建构,形象抨击危机相关行为体。但该类漫画仍囿于西方中心立场,对欧洲能源供应方相关国家进行妖魔化建构,体现了西方定势思维对隐喻选择和场景设置的操控。本文的批评蓄意隐喻分析,有助于进一步推动多模态认知研究与批评话语分析的融合,也可为新兴的能源话语研究提供一个新的研究视角。

A DELIBERATION ON SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA AND ON THE READJUSTMENT OF CONSTITUTIONAL DISCIPLINES IN THE CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

The CAS, as a national comprehensive research and development (R&D) center for natural science and high technology with numerous researchers of a high quality in almost all disciplines, plays a decisive role in the development of this country’s science and technology. Based on the trend of China’s development in the period of its Ninth Five-Year Plan and in the next century, this article analyzes the trends of science and technology of China in combination with the current readjustment in the constitution of science disciplines in the CAS.

智库与参政党职能有效耦合的现实图景与未来展望——以民盟启真智库为例

[目的/意义]在中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度背景下,我国参政党参政议政职能实现程度,是其与中国特色新型智库有效耦合的着力点,也是新时代中国特色社会主义民主政治的重要考量因素。[方法/过程]本文探讨智库赋能参政党的理论依据,构建基于政策网络理论的分析框架,以民盟启真智库为研究案例,剖析智库与参政党职能有效耦合的内在机理。[结果/结论]研究发现,智库在助力参政党履行参政议政职能方面有着不可替代的优势,而参政党可在一定程度上弥补智库功能发挥的制约性因素,两者基于基本原则、智力供给方式与影响渠道等的方向一致性,呈现出“嵌入式”耦合模式,并有望通过增强协作关系、打破体制障碍、打造品牌产品等方面从嵌入式模式转化为合作伙伴关系模式进而提升两者耦合效应。

浅谈基于刻意练习理念的模拟医学教育策略

刻意练习能够有效地实现学习目标,并提供基于循证的知识和技能获取技术,是当前医学教育的研究热点之一。本文从基于刻意练习理念模拟医学教育策略的原理、方法及应用情况进行初步探讨,以期为我国医学院校实施教育改革、提高教学质量提供借鉴与参考。

多模态蓄意隐喻场景的关联性研究——以针对大学生的防诈骗宣传漫画为例

整合蓄意隐喻理论、多模态隐喻场景理论和关联理论,构建了多模态蓄意隐喻场景的关联性分析框架。基于这一框架,对防诈骗宣传漫画进行关联性分析。研究发现:(1)漫画主要构建了诱捕、假冒和束缚三类蓄意隐喻场景,分别聚焦于诈骗手段、诈骗者身份和受骗者处境的概念化;(2)在与受众的关联性上,假冒场景最容易实现信息层面上的最佳关联,而束缚场景则最容易实现交际层面上的最佳关联;(3)部分场景存在图—文隐喻靶域信息明示不足、图像使用偏离受众的认知环境以及文字大小和排版不合理等问题,这导致它们未能与受众建立最佳关联。期望能够拓展多模态认知语用研究的理论和应用视阈,并为公共宣传漫画的创制和识解提供实证参考。

蓄意隐喻理论视角下疫情歌曲的创作路径研究

蓄意隐喻是疫情歌曲中的常见现象,通过明喻、暗喻、规约隐喻、新奇隐喻以及其他语言和修辞手段呈现,往往依赖转喻构成认知的基础,集语言、思维和交际功能于一身,在疫情期间和后疫情时代发挥了引导、规劝、疗愈的积极作用。在创作疫情歌曲时,创作者可以围绕创作意图,选取特定转喻符号构建蓄意隐喻和其他认知结构,在完成歌曲构思后,选择恰当的话语形式呈现蓄意隐喻和其他认知结构,这样的创作路径更能引起听众的共情。

审议促监督的转化机制——以Y市空间规划监督工作为例

人民代表大会制度是我国的根本政治制度,各级人民政府由人大产生,对人大负责,受人大监督。人大监督是规制现代政府公权力,避免其异化的重要环节。既有研究重在监督权力的配置与归属,研究对象较为传统,监督工具的缺失致使监督权力的运行过程还较为模糊。审议是地方人大对规划行政实施监督的重要工具,然而从工具的使用到监督效能的转化,其过程机制还有待揭示。为此,文章以Y市为基础,以访谈文本的扎根分析为依托,对审议全过程进行研究。研究发现,现阶段人大对规划的审议,更多表现为工具理性,监督价值有待引入。地方人大要实现对空间规划的有效监督必须考虑审议议题、审议程序和审议结果三要素,并且让审议三要素分别在压力机制、追责机制和赋能机制的主导下发挥效用。