During the last decade, there has been an intensive research activity concerning the concept of the Water Footprint （WF） approach, which was firstly introduced by Arjen Hoekstra in 2002. WF is an indicator of direct...During the last decade, there has been an intensive research activity concerning the concept of the Water Footprint （WF） approach, which was firstly introduced by Arjen Hoekstra in 2002. WF is an indicator of direct and indirect freshwater use of a consumer or producer that takes into account water consumption in every step （intermediate and final） along the production chain and services. The concept can be implemented in various levels such as products, consumers, producers, nations and river basins etc.. The water footprint within a geographically delineated area equals the sum of the process water footprints of all processes taking place in the area. The aim of current research is a review of the most important WF studies, with a special focus on applications within regional, basin and administrative unit level. National and global scales are not included in the current paper. The article presents the most widespread methodologies and approaches that attempt to evaluate water footprints of specific defined areas and highlights their recent advances as well as shortcomings in the constantly evolving research efforts.展开更多
Coal working face is damaged more and more seriously by water below the coal face floor. Therefore, floor water detection is a must in the process of extraction. This article aims to introducing application and princi...Coal working face is damaged more and more seriously by water below the coal face floor. Therefore, floor water detection is a must in the process of extraction. This article aims to introducing application and principle of the two-gateways parallel 3-D electrical technology and the arrangement of the observation system. The authors use this method to detect the water under the floor of a mine in north of Anhui. The results show that the two-gateways parallel 3-D electrical technology can accurately locate the water-rich areas, providing the basis for drilling drainage and grouting construction.展开更多
新的国土空间总体规划编制体系提出构建不同层次和类型、功能复合、安全韧性的城乡生活圈,在总体规划层面如何划定城乡社区生活圈是重要的基础性工作。山坝相间是我国西南地区典型的地理特征,山坝地区的经济社会发展水平、居民出行特征...新的国土空间总体规划编制体系提出构建不同层次和类型、功能复合、安全韧性的城乡生活圈,在总体规划层面如何划定城乡社区生活圈是重要的基础性工作。山坝相间是我国西南地区典型的地理特征,山坝地区的经济社会发展水平、居民出行特征,以及公共服务设施配置水平存在较大差异。文章从联合国可持续发展目标(Sustainable Development Goals,SDGs)所倡导的建设包容、安全、有风险抵御能力和可持续的城市及人类住区的目标出发,从地理特征分析入手,提出结合山坝地域结构特征的城乡社区生活圈划定方法:以山坝地域的实际出行时间的差异性框定城乡社区生活圈的基础范围;结合西南地区多民族聚集特征,以及多民族生活交往需求,修正城乡社区生活圈范围;通过抽样调查方法,验证划定范围及公共服务布局的准确性。最后,利用手机信令数据,分析人口分布的时空差异,判断城乡社区生活圈人口活动的空间结构特征,优化分区分级公共服务中心体系的布局和标准。展开更多
文摘During the last decade, there has been an intensive research activity concerning the concept of the Water Footprint （WF） approach, which was firstly introduced by Arjen Hoekstra in 2002. WF is an indicator of direct and indirect freshwater use of a consumer or producer that takes into account water consumption in every step （intermediate and final） along the production chain and services. The concept can be implemented in various levels such as products, consumers, producers, nations and river basins etc.. The water footprint within a geographically delineated area equals the sum of the process water footprints of all processes taking place in the area. The aim of current research is a review of the most important WF studies, with a special focus on applications within regional, basin and administrative unit level. National and global scales are not included in the current paper. The article presents the most widespread methodologies and approaches that attempt to evaluate water footprints of specific defined areas and highlights their recent advances as well as shortcomings in the constantly evolving research efforts.
文摘Coal working face is damaged more and more seriously by water below the coal face floor. Therefore, floor water detection is a must in the process of extraction. This article aims to introducing application and principle of the two-gateways parallel 3-D electrical technology and the arrangement of the observation system. The authors use this method to detect the water under the floor of a mine in north of Anhui. The results show that the two-gateways parallel 3-D electrical technology can accurately locate the water-rich areas, providing the basis for drilling drainage and grouting construction.
文摘新的国土空间总体规划编制体系提出构建不同层次和类型、功能复合、安全韧性的城乡生活圈,在总体规划层面如何划定城乡社区生活圈是重要的基础性工作。山坝相间是我国西南地区典型的地理特征,山坝地区的经济社会发展水平、居民出行特征,以及公共服务设施配置水平存在较大差异。文章从联合国可持续发展目标(Sustainable Development Goals,SDGs)所倡导的建设包容、安全、有风险抵御能力和可持续的城市及人类住区的目标出发,从地理特征分析入手,提出结合山坝地域结构特征的城乡社区生活圈划定方法:以山坝地域的实际出行时间的差异性框定城乡社区生活圈的基础范围;结合西南地区多民族聚集特征,以及多民族生活交往需求,修正城乡社区生活圈范围;通过抽样调查方法,验证划定范围及公共服务布局的准确性。最后,利用手机信令数据,分析人口分布的时空差异,判断城乡社区生活圈人口活动的空间结构特征,优化分区分级公共服务中心体系的布局和标准。
