Background: Snakebite envenomation in pregnancy is uncommon. It can lead to a poor outcome in both the mother and the fetus. We describe our approach to envenomation in pregnancy based on the currently available evide...Background: Snakebite envenomation in pregnancy is uncommon. It can lead to a poor outcome in both the mother and the fetus. We describe our approach to envenomation in pregnancy based on the currently available evidence. Case: We reported two case of snakebite in the third trimester of pregnancy having caused placental abruption with expelling a fresh still born baby and a live baby. In both cases, consumption coagulopathy occurred. managed by polyvalent anti-snake and blood transfusion. Their investigations became normal and they were discharged of hospitalization. Conclusion: Snakebite envenomation in pregnant is a maternal and fetal emergency. Treatment must be quick and well adapted.展开更多
The Jonang School,one of the important Tibetan Buddhist Schools,was founded by Mikyoi Dorje(mi bskyod rdo rje in Tibetan)in the Song Dynasty and formed in the early Yuan Dynasty.The name of the school came to be used ...The Jonang School,one of the important Tibetan Buddhist Schools,was founded by Mikyoi Dorje(mi bskyod rdo rje in Tibetan)in the Song Dynasty and formed in the early Yuan Dynasty.The name of the school came to be used as the fifth disciple of Mikyoi Dorje built the monastery in Jonang area.The central doctrine of this school is the"his empty vision"(gzhanstong in Tibetan).It became very popular in U-tsang areas and obtained a peak development during the Yuan Dynasty.has been always blamed that the is the key factor which caused the demise of the Jonang School in U-tsang Area.However,"his empty vision"was nitpicked and Jonang School was excluded from the other Tibetan Buddhist Schools,Jonang School,lack of support from secular world,tended to be decline.During the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty,Taranata(1575-1634/1635?),great master of Jonang School,built Ganden Phuntsokling Monastery with support from the Tsangpakhan,and Jonang School became popular for a time.Even though these days Jonang School is still popular in Ngaba and Dartsedo of Sichuan,and Golok of Qinghai,but the Lingshak Nunnery is the only place where practice Jonang Tradition in Tibet Autonomous Region.It has been that the"his empty vision"(gzhanstong in Tibetan)was the main cause for the demise of the Jonang School in U-tsang area.Your authors,based on the historical materials such as the Autobiography of Taranatha,the Biography of the Fifth Dalai Lama,and the Biography of Jetsun Damba Khutuktu,believe that the actual causes of the declination and demise of the Jonang School in U-tsang are the hatred of the Fifth Dalai Lama for Taranatha and the son of Tuxie Tuhan of the Karkha Tribe's visit to Tibetan on the purpose of searching reincarnation.The Fifth Dalai Lama decisively converted the Jonang School into other schools of Tibetan Buddhism to consolidate his political power which in turn caused the demise of the Jonang Tradition in U-tsang area.展开更多
文摘Background: Snakebite envenomation in pregnancy is uncommon. It can lead to a poor outcome in both the mother and the fetus. We describe our approach to envenomation in pregnancy based on the currently available evidence. Case: We reported two case of snakebite in the third trimester of pregnancy having caused placental abruption with expelling a fresh still born baby and a live baby. In both cases, consumption coagulopathy occurred. managed by polyvalent anti-snake and blood transfusion. Their investigations became normal and they were discharged of hospitalization. Conclusion: Snakebite envenomation in pregnant is a maternal and fetal emergency. Treatment must be quick and well adapted.
文摘The Jonang School,one of the important Tibetan Buddhist Schools,was founded by Mikyoi Dorje(mi bskyod rdo rje in Tibetan)in the Song Dynasty and formed in the early Yuan Dynasty.The name of the school came to be used as the fifth disciple of Mikyoi Dorje built the monastery in Jonang area.The central doctrine of this school is the"his empty vision"(gzhanstong in Tibetan).It became very popular in U-tsang areas and obtained a peak development during the Yuan Dynasty.has been always blamed that the is the key factor which caused the demise of the Jonang School in U-tsang Area.However,"his empty vision"was nitpicked and Jonang School was excluded from the other Tibetan Buddhist Schools,Jonang School,lack of support from secular world,tended to be decline.During the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty,Taranata(1575-1634/1635?),great master of Jonang School,built Ganden Phuntsokling Monastery with support from the Tsangpakhan,and Jonang School became popular for a time.Even though these days Jonang School is still popular in Ngaba and Dartsedo of Sichuan,and Golok of Qinghai,but the Lingshak Nunnery is the only place where practice Jonang Tradition in Tibet Autonomous Region.It has been that the"his empty vision"(gzhanstong in Tibetan)was the main cause for the demise of the Jonang School in U-tsang area.Your authors,based on the historical materials such as the Autobiography of Taranatha,the Biography of the Fifth Dalai Lama,and the Biography of Jetsun Damba Khutuktu,believe that the actual causes of the declination and demise of the Jonang School in U-tsang are the hatred of the Fifth Dalai Lama for Taranatha and the son of Tuxie Tuhan of the Karkha Tribe's visit to Tibetan on the purpose of searching reincarnation.The Fifth Dalai Lama decisively converted the Jonang School into other schools of Tibetan Buddhism to consolidate his political power which in turn caused the demise of the Jonang Tradition in U-tsang area.
