Corrigendum to“Atomic-scale electromagnetic theory bridging optics in microscopic world and macroscopic world”

The signs of the electric field markers in Figs.2 and 4 of the paper[Chin.Phys.B 32104211(2023)]have been corrected.These modifications do not affect the results derived in the paper.

The First Five Years of a Phase Theory for Complex Systems and Networks

In this paper,we review the development of a phase theory for systems and networks in its first five years,represented by a trilogy:Matrix phases and their properties;The MIMO LTI system phase response,its physical interpretations,the small phase theorem,and the sectored real lemma;The synchronization of a multi-agent network using phase alignment.Towards the end,we also summarize a list of ongoing research on the phase theory and speculate what will happen in the next five years.

Improved Microwave Ocean Emissivity and Reflectivity Models Derived from Two-Scale Roughness Theory

The Geometrical Optics(GO)approach and the FAST Emissivity Model(FASTEM)are widely used to estimate the surface radiative components in atmospheric radiative transfer simulations,but their applications are limited in specific conditions.In this study,a two-scale reflectivity model(TSRM)and a two-scale emissivity model(TSEM)are developed from the two-scale roughness theory.Unlike GO which only computes six non-zero elements in the reflectivity matrix,The TSRM includes 16 elements of Stokes reflectivity matrix which are important for improving radiative transfer simulation accuracy in a scattering atmosphere.It covers the frequency range from L-to W-bands.The dependences of all TSRM elements on zenith angle,wind speed,and frequency are derived and analyzed in details.For a set of downwelling radiances in microwave frequencies,the reflected upwelling brightness temperature(BTs)are calculated from both TSRM and GO and compared for analyzing their discrepancies.The TSRM not only includes the effects of GO but also accounts for the small-scale Bragg scattering effect in an order of several degrees in Kelvins in brightness temperature.Also,the third and fourth components of the Stokes vector can only be produced from the TSRM.For the emitted radiation,BT differences in vertical polarization between a TSEM and FASTEM are generally less than 5 K when the satellite zenith angle is less than 40°,whereas those for the horizontal component can be quite significant,greater than 20 K.

Label-Free Microscopic Imaging Based on the Random Matrix Theory in Wavefront Shaping

Wavefront shaping technology has mainly been applied to microscopic fluorescence imaging through turbid media,with the advantages of high resolution and imaging depth beyond the ballistic regime. However, fluorescence needs to be introduced extrinsically and the field of view is limited by memory effects. Here we propose a new method for microscopic imaging light transmission through turbid media, which has the advantages of label-free and discretional field of view size, based on transmission-matrix-based wavefront shaping and the random matrix theory. We also verify that a target of absorber behind the strong scattering media can be imaged with high resolution in the experiment. Our method opens a new avenue for the research and application of wavefront shaping.

COOPERATIVE MIMO SPECTRUM SENSING BASED ON RANDOM MATRIX THEORY

Random Matrix Theory (RMT) is a valuable tool for describing the asymptotic behavior of multiple systems,especially for large matrices. In this paper,using asymptotic random matrix theory,a new cooperative Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) scheme for spectrum sensing is proposed,which shows how asymptotic free property of random matrices and the property of Wishart distribution can be used to assist spectrum sensing for Cognitive Radios (CRs). Simulations over Rayleigh fading and AWGN channels demonstrate the proposed scheme has better detection performance compared with the energy detection techniques even in the case of a small sample of observations.

Cross Correlation of Intra-day Stock Prices in Comparison to Random Matrix Theory

We propose and apply a new algorithm of principal component analysis which is suitable for a large sized, highly random time series data, such as a set of stock prices in a stock market. This algorithm utilizes the fact that the major part of the time series is random, and compare the eigenvalue spectrum of cross correlation matrix of a large set of random time series, to the spectrum derived by the random matrix theory (RMT) at the limit of large dimension (the number of independent time series) and long enough length of time series. We test this algorithm on the real tick data of American stocks at different years between 1994 and 2002 and show that the extracted principal components indeed reflects the change of leading stock sectors during this period.

An optimized cluster density matrix embedding theory

We propose an optimized cluster density matrix embedding theory(CDMET).It reduces the computational cost of CDMET with simpler bath states.And the result is as accurate as the original one.As a demonstration,we study the distant correlations of the Heisenberg J_(1)-J_(2)model on the square lattice.We find that the intermediate phase(0.43≤sssim J_(2)≤sssim 0.62)is divided into two parts.One part is a near-critical region(0.43≤J_(2)≤0.50).The other part is the plaquette valence bond solid(PVB)state(0.51≤J_(2)≤0.62).The spin correlations decay exponentially as a function of distance in the PVB.

Verification of the Validity of the NPT Treatment in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: An Investigation Performed by Application of Random Matrix Theory

We have applied the Random Matrix Theory in order to examine the validity of the NPT treatment in HSP. We have investigated the pathology examining the sEMG recorded signal for about eight minutes. We have performed standard electromyographic investigations as well as we have applied the RMT method of analysis. We have investigated the sEMG signals before and after the NPT treatment. The application of a so robust method as the RMT evidences that the NPT treatment was able to induce a net improvement of the disease respect to the pathological status before NPT.

Research on Power Quality Disturbance Signal Classification Based on Random Matrix Theory

In this paper, a method of power quality disturbance classification based on random matrix theory (RMT) is proposed. The method utilizes the power quality disturbance signal to construct a random matrix. By analyzing the mean spectral radius (MSR) variation of the random matrix, the type and time of occurrence of power quality disturbance are classified. In this paper, the random matrix theory is used to analyze the voltage sag, swell and interrupt perturbation signals to classify the occurrence time, duration of the disturbance signal and thedepth of voltage sag or swell. Examples show that the method has strong anti-noise ability.

A General(k,n)Threshold Secret Image Sharing Construction Based on Matrix Theory

Shamir proposed a classic polynomial-based secret sharing(SS)scheme,which is also widely applied in secret image sharing(SIS).However,the following researchers paid more attention to the development of properties,such as lossless recovery,rather than the principle of Shamir’s polynomial-based SS scheme.In this paper,we introduce matrix theory to analyze Shamir’s polynomial-based scheme as well as propose a general(k,n)threshold SIS construction based on matrix theory.Besides,it is proved that Shamir’s polynomial-based SS scheme is a special case of our construction method.Both experimental results and analyses are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed construction method.

Identifying multiple influential spreaders in complex networks based on spectral graph theory

One of the hot research topics in propagation dynamics is identifying a set of critical nodes that can influence maximization in a complex network.The importance and dispersion of critical nodes among them are both vital factors that can influence maximization.We therefore propose a multiple influential spreaders identification algorithm based on spectral graph theory.This algorithm first quantifies the role played by the local structure of nodes in the propagation process,then classifies the nodes based on the eigenvectors of the Laplace matrix,and finally selects a set of critical nodes by the constraint that nodes in the same class are not adjacent to each other while different classes of nodes can be adjacent to each other.Experimental results on real and synthetic networks show that our algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art and classical algorithms in the SIR model.

Atomic-scale electromagnetic theory bridging optics in microscopic world and macroscopic world

Atoms in the microscopic world are the basic building blocks of the macroscopic world. In this work, we construct an atomic-scale electromagnetic theory that bridges optics in the microscopic and macroscopic worlds. As the building block of the theory, we use the microscopic polarizability to describe the optical response of a single atom, solve the transport of electromagnetic wave through a single atomic layer under arbitrary incident angle and polarization of the light beam, construct the single atomic layer transfer matrix for light transport across the atomic layer. Based on this transfer matrix, we get the analytical form of the dispersion relation, refractive index, and transmission/reflection coefficient of the macroscopic medium. The developed theory can handle single-layer and few-layers of homogeneous and heterogeneous 2D materials, investigate homogeneous 2D materials with various vacancies or insertion atomic-layer defects, study compound 2D materials with a unit cell composed of several elements in both the lateral and parallel directions with respect to the light transport.

Graph Theory and Matrix Approach(GTMA)Model for the Selec­tion of the Femoral-Component of Total Knee Joint Replacement

Total Knee Replacement(TKR)is the increasing trend now a day,in revision surgery which is associated with aseptic loosening,which is a challenging research for the TKR component.The selection of optimal material loosening can be controlled at some limits.This paper is going to consider the best material selected among a number of alternative materials for the femoral component(FC)by using Graph Theory.Here GTMA process used for optimization of material and a systematic technique introduced through sensitivity analysis to find out the more reliable result.Obtained ranking suggests the use of optimized material over the other existing material.By following GTMA Co_Cr-alloys(wrought-Co-Ni-Cr-Mo)and Co_Cr-alloys(cast-able-Co-Cr-Mo)are on the 1st and 2nd position respectively.

Comparative study on atomic ionization in bicircular laser fields by length and velocity gauges S-matrix theory

Ionization of atoms in counter-rotating and co-rotating bicircular laser fields is studied using the S-matrix theory in both length and velocity gauges.We show that for both the bicircular fields,ionization rates are enhanced when the two circularly polarized lights have comparable intensities.In addition,the curves of ionization rate versus the field amplitude ratio of the two colors for counter-rotating and co-rotating fields coincide with each other in the length gauge case at the total laser intensity 5×10^14 W/cm^2,which agrees with the experimental observation.Moreover,the degree of the coincidence between the ionization rate curves of the two bicircular fields decreases with the increasing field amplitude ratio and decreasing total laser intensity.With the help of the ADK theory,the above characteristics of the ionization rate curves can be well interpreted,which is related to the transition from the tunneling to multiphoton ionization mechanism.

Compressive Wideband Spectrum Sensing Based on Random Matrix Theory

Spectrum sensing in a wideband regime for cognitive radio network(CRN) faces considerably technical challenge due to the constraints on analog-to-digital converters(ADCs).To solve this problem,an eigenvalue-based compressive wideband spectrum sensing(ECWSS) scheme using random matrix theory(RMT) was proposed in this paper.The ECWSS directly utilized the compressive measurements based on compressive sampling(CS) theory to perform wideband spectrum sensing without requiring signal recovery,which could greatly reduce computational complexity and data acquisition burden.In the ECWSS,to alleviate the communication overhead of secondary user(SU),the sensors around SU carried out compressive sampling at the sub-Nyquist rate instead of SU.Furthermore,the exact probability density function of extreme eigenvalues was used to set the threshold.Theoretical analyses and simulation results show that compared with the existing eigenvalue-based sensing schemes,the ECWSS has much lower computational complexity and cost with no significant detection performance degradation.

用于夹层梁静动力及屈曲分析的新型组合结构单元

推导出新型组合结构单元,用于考虑界面滑移的3层部分作用夹层组合梁的静动力及屈曲特性分析.基于铁木辛柯梁理论,建立考虑夹层梁部分作用效应的能量原理.针对其受力特性,在节点位移、横截面转角和界面滑移插值时均采用含内部自由度的高阶插值函数,以解决含界面有限元数值分析中常遇到的“滑移锁定”现象.通过变分原理得到夹层梁的刚度矩阵、质量矩阵以及几何刚度矩阵的显示表达式.基于MATLAB编译相应夹层结构的有限元程序并验证其准确性.对不同截面3层夹层组合梁进行不同荷载条件和边界条件下的静动力及屈曲特性分析,并探讨不同夹层组合梁跨高比和不同界面抗剪连接刚度下的计算结果及其误差的变化规律.所推导的显示表达式新型组合结构单元计算效率高,并便于推广应用于其他有限元程序或商业软件子程序中.

基于分形理论的城市空间结构及其影响因素研究——以贵阳市为例

以贵阳市为研究区,以2010、2020年各土地利用类型数据为基础,采用分形理论探究贵阳市土地利用的变化速度和幅度,并分析贵阳市土地空间结构变化的驱动因素。结果表明:(1)贵阳市主要以耕地和林地为主,研究期间耕地、林地、草地等农业用地面积下降,建设用地和水体面积增加显著。(2)研究期间贵阳市各地类分形维数相差较大,整体边界维数呈上升趋势,形态维数下降,说明城市空间结构不规则性增加,城市土地利用复杂化,紧凑性降低。(3)贵阳市土地利用类型的变化是自然、人为因素共同导致的,尤其是经济与政策的影响。

基于TRIZ冲突解决理论的老年用品可用性设计方法

为有效解决老年用品可用性设计中的冲突问题,将可用性与冲突解决理论融合,提出一种老年用品可用性设计方法。由于传统TRIZ参数对老年用品的不适用和模糊性,在老年用品的可用性设计中难以获得解决方案。从老年用品的可用性设计冲突入手,将TRIZ的工程参数筛选出老年可用性设计领域的26个专属可用性参数,采用灰色关联分析法对参数进行可用性分类,从感知层、认知层和执行层进行冲突矩阵的重构;建立了基于冲突解决理论的老年用品可用性设计过程模型,并应用于老年药盒的可用性设计实例。结果表明:文中方法能系统化地解决老年用品可用性设计中的冲突问题,使老年用品可用性设计方法和TRIZ的应用领域得到进一步拓展。

随机矩阵理论在高速路关键路径辨识中的应用

高速公路网络是我国各地区相互连接的重要纽带,高速公路网络关键路径辨识对确保高速网络的可靠运行具有重要意义。传统的关键路径分析方法基于拓扑结构,未考虑交通网络的运输量特性;而现有的基于运输量数据的分析方法只考虑部分路径的运输量特性,难以反映交通网络的实际运行情况。利用路径运输量数据,搭建运输量随机矩阵模型,针对高速公路网络异常后的运输量变化特性,定义关键路径评估指数,实现异常影响程度的量化评估,在此基础上提出一种基于数据驱动的高速公路网络关键路径辨识方法。最后,采用辽宁省高速公路网络进行分析,验证了所提方法的合理性和有效性,并将该方法应用于城市路网案例中,进一步证明该方法具有普适性。

矩阵理论在改性胶粘剂制备与设计中的应用研究

基于矩阵理论对酚醛树脂胶粘剂中苯酚进行了木质素替代和酚化改性处理,研究了不同木质素对苯酚替代料对胶粘材料物性的影响,考察了酚化木质素基酚醛树脂胶粘剂的物理性能并与标准GB/T14732、GB/T 9846.3进行了对照。结果表明,酚化处理后木质素酚醛树脂胶粘剂的-COOH含量和脂肪族羟基含量相对有所减小,而总酚羟基含量和活性点含量有所增加。与GB/T 14732-2017标准要求进行对比,不同KL、F1、F2和F3替代率的木质素酚醛树脂胶粘剂的pH值、固含量、游离酚含量和胶接强度满足标准要求,而游离醛含量和甲醛释放量不满足标准要求;F3替代率为15%~35%的胶粘剂的游离醛含量和甲醛释放量不满足标准要求,F3替代率为5%的胶粘剂的游离醛含量和甲醛释放量满足标准要求。PF、PKLPF、PF1-LPF、PF2-LPF和PF3-LPF的游离醛含量、甲醛释放量和胶接强度满足标准要求。