Citrus-based essential oils could be used for dengue vector mosquitoes control

Dear Editor The mosquitoes Aedes aegypli(I,) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Diptera:Culicidae) are important vectors of dengue fever in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. Chemical control has been considered as an effective tool for their management in different areas of the world.However, injudicious use of the chemicals result in environmental pollution,ill effects to humans and other animals,and the development of insecticide resistance,which ultimately limits the efficacy of many insecticides!’].Essential oils can be used for mosquito control with no harmful effects to the ecosystem and non-target organisms.Essentials oils from different plants have been found very

Residual effects of TMOF-Bti formulations against 1^(st) instar Aedes aegypti Linnaeus larvae outside laboratory

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and residual effects of trypsin modulating ecstatic factor-Bacillus thuringiensis israeliensis(TMOF-Bti) formulations against Aedes aegypti(Ae. aegypti)(L) larvae at UKM Campus Kuala Lumpur.Methods:Twenty first instar Ae.aegypti larvae were added in each bucket containing 4 L of water supplied with crushed dried-leaf powder as their source of food.Combination of TMOF-Bti in rice husk formulation with the following weights viz 10,25,50 and 100 mg,respectively in duplicate was distributed in the buckets;while TMOF-Bti in wettable powder formulation each weighing viz 2,5,10 and 20 mg,respectively in duplicate was also placed in the buckets.The control buckets run in duplicate with 4 L of water and 20 first instar Ae.aegypti larvae.All buckets were covered with mosquito netting.Larval mortality was recorded after 24 hours and weekly for five weeks.A new batch of 20 1^(st) instar larvae Ae.aegypti was introduced into each bucket weekly without additional TMOF-Bti rice husk formulation or wettable powder.The experiment was repeated for four times.Results:The result of the study showed that all formulations were very effective on the first two weeks by giving 100% larval mortality for all concentrations applied.The TMOF(2%) + Bti(2%) had a good residual effect until the end of 3^(rd) week,TMOF(4%) + Bti(4%) until 4^(th) week,wettable powder TMOF(20%) + Bti(20%) until the third week.Condusions:From the results it can be concluded that the TMOF-Bti formulations can be utilized in dengue vector control.

Dengue: what it is and why there is more

In 2014, China experienced the worst outbreak of dengue fever in the last decade with over 40,000 dengue cases including six deaths by the end of October. As one of the ＂neglected＂ tropical diseases, dengue is affecting substantially increasing number of people and proportion of global population due to factors including globalization, human settlement, and possibly climate change. Here, the authors summarized the most recent data about dengue outbreaks in China and reviewed the global trend of dengue epidemiology. Future directions for dengue surveillance, control and prevention are also introduced.

Aedes mosquito salivary immune peptides:boost or block dengue viral infections

Dengue virus,one of the most important arthropod-borne viruses,infected to human can severely cause dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome.There are expected about 50 million dengue infections and 500000 individuals are hospitalized with dengue hemorrhagic fever,mainly in Southeast Asia,Pacific,and in Americas reported each year.The rapid expansion of global dengue is one of a major public health challenge,together with not yet successful solutions of dengue epidemic control strategies.Thus,these dynamic dengue viral infections exhibited high demographic,societal,and public health infrastructure impacts on human.This review aimed to highlight the current understanding of dengue mosquito immune responses and role of mosquito salivary glands on dengue infection.These information may provide a valuable knowledge of disease pathogenesis,especially in mosquito vector and dengue virus interaction,which may help to control and prevent dengue distribution.