A massive dentigerous cyst of the mandible in a young patient:a case report

Cysts of the jaw present as swellings of jaws and midface.Of the different varieties,the dentigerous cyst is the most common type of noninflammatory odontogenic cyst and the frequent cause of a lytic lesion associated with an impacted tooth.The cyst develops from epithelial remnants of the tooth forming organ.The obstruction of venous flow due to compression of tooth follicle by developing tooth causes fluid accumulation between the follicular epithelium and the crown of the developing or unerupted tooth resulting in a cyst.Most small dentigerous cysts manifest in early age,usually as an incidental discovery in radiographic examinations.However,they can grow extremely large,asymptomatically,and remain undetected until they enlarge enough,causing bony expansion and asymptomatic facial swelling.We present a challenging case of massive dentigerous cyst in a 13-year-old female child involving half of the mandible,which was successfully treated with conservative therapy.This case report illustrates the effectiveness of simplified surgical treatment for a large dentigerous cyst in the mixed dentition period.

Pattern of occurrence of jaw cysts and cyst-like lesions at the University of Nairobi Dental Hospital: A 10-year histopathologic audit

Background: Jaw cysts and cyst-like lesions cause facial deformity, destruction of dental tissues and affect masticatory and phonation functions. These ad-versely erode patients’ psycho-social status;create low self-esteem and may change one’s facial identity and appearance. Objective: To determine the histo-pathologic characteristics, variants and demographic pattern of jaw cysts and cyst-like lesions at the University of Nairobi Dental Hospital. Material and Me-thod: This was an analytical and verification study that involved microscopic re-examination of all available incisional/excisional biopsy samples from January 2000 to December 2009 for histo-pathological diagnosis at the University of Nairobi Dental Hospital. Results: 187 jaw cysts and cyst-like lesions were diagnosed at the University of Nairobi Dental Hospital over the ten-year period. Keratocystic odontogenic tumours constituted 28%, dentigerous cysts 25%, nasopalatine duct cysts 19%, radicular cysts 15%, while calcifying odontogenic cysts comprised 4% of all the lesions. The rest of the lesions were between 1% and 3% of all the lesion entities. Conclusion: Keratocystic odontogenic tumours and dentigerous cysts were the most common developmental odontogenic cysts diagnosed in the ten-year period.

树参嫩叶活性成分提取以及对提高獭兔免疫力的试验研究

比较反应釜提取、索氏提取和超声波提取法对树参[Dendropanax dentiger(Harms)Merr.]嫩叶中活性成分的提取效率,其中超声波提取法获得的提取物中皂苷含量最高为1.85%。不同提取方法获得的提取物经不同月龄的獭兔喂养试验发现,均能提高獭兔的免疫能力。1月龄獭兔喂服0.1%浓度树参提取物免血清免疫指标改善作用最佳,随着獭兔月龄的增加,提取物浓度需适当提高。

Anti-inflammatory effect of extracts of Dendropanax dentige and Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides on rheumatoid arthritis and their underlying mechanism in rats

OBJECTIVE To investigate the anit-inflammatory effect of extracts of Dendropanax dentiger(Harms)Merr and Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides(Spring)Holub on rheumatoid arthritis(RA)using adjuvant arthritis(AA)rat model and possible mechanisms.METHODS The AA rat model of RA was induced in adult SparagueDawley(SD)rats by injecting of the adjuvant at base oftail.One-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into the following groups:normal saline group(blank control),D.dentiger decoction group(80g·kg-1·d-1),L.Casuarinoides decoction group(80 g·kg·d-1),the total of glucoside Tripterygium(GTT)group(positive control,2 mg·kg-1·d-1).They were administered orally for 6weeks.Histopathology of tissues arthritis rats was observed by H.E staining.The volume of paw swelling was measured and the arthritis inflammation index was calculated.The expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interlukin-1β(IL-1β)were detected by the ELISA assay.In addition,previous study has reported that plant-derived mi RNAs play a role for cross kingdom regulatory potential.Thus,we also performed RNA-seq technique to identify bioactive mi RNAs via comparative transcriptome analysis between D.dentiger and L.Casuarinoides.RESULTS Comparing with AA model group,the volume of paw swelling and the arthritis index were increased significantly in the AA rat model group(P<0.01),suggesting that the AA model rats were prepared properly.Compared with the AA model group,the volume of paw swelling of D.dentiger decoction group,L.Casuarinoides decoction group was decreased by 25.2%and 10.3%,respectively,and the arthritis index was decreased by 27.2%and 18.3%,respectively.Compared with AA model group,TNF-αprotein expression of D.dentiger decoction group and L.Casuarinoides decoction groups were decreased by 16.3%and 14.7%,and IL-1βprotein expression was decreased by 23.6%,18.9%(P<0.05,P<0.01),respectively.Besides,we found that some plant-derived homologous mi RNAs(such as mi RNA192 and mi RNA30a)associated with cell apoptosis processing have been screened out via comparative transcriptome analysis.But the underlying mechanisms about two mi RNAs function needs much more investigate.CONCLUSION Results showed significant anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extracts of D.dentiger and L.Cauarinoides and justifying their therapeutic role in inflammatory condition.Furthermore,anti-inflammatory effect of D.dentiger and L.Cauarinoides may be attribute to the herb-derived mi RNAs cross-kingdom regulation.

Comparative authentication of Semiliquidambar cathayensis and its substituted species via macroscopic and microscopic features

Objective:Ban Fenghe recorded in the Quality Standard of Yao Medicine of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(Volume 1)is derived from the dried stems and leaves of Semiliquidambar cathayensis.It is usually confused with medicinal herbs from Pterospermum heterophyllum and Dendropanax dentiger.However,they are very different in chemical composition,and should not be used as the same drug.To ensure their safety and efficacy,a method based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics was developed to distinguish them.Methods:A total of 14 batches of Ban Fenghe samples from three species were collected from different producing areas in China.The macroscopic characteristics were examined by observing external traits.The tissue structures of transverse sections of stems and leaves,the leaf epidermis,and the powder were observed microscopically.Results:The branchlets and leaf surfaces of S.cathayensis and P.heterophyllum were hairy,especially the lower leaf surfaces of P.heterophyllum were densely covered with hairs,but those of D.dentiger were hairless.The pericyclic fibers of S.cathayensis stems were intermittently distributed in a circular shape and accompanied by stone cells,whereas those of P.heterophyllum and D.dentiger were bundled without stone cells.So stone cells and hairs were present in S.cathayensis powder,stone cells were not found in P.heterophyllum and D.dentiger powder,and hairs were not present in D.dentiger powder.The distribution sites,sizes and types of secretory tissues of these three species were also different in transverse sections of stems and leaves.Stomata on the lower epidermis of S.cathayensis leaves were paracytic,whereas those of P.heterophyllum and D.dentiger were anomocytic.Conclusion:Ban Fenghe drugs derived from S.cathayensis could readily be distinguished from those of P.heterophyllum and D.dentiger by macroscopic and microscopic features.