An MILP approach for detailed scheduling of oil depots along a multi-product pipeline

Oil depots along products pipelines are important components of the pipeline transportation system and down-stream markets.The operating costs of oil depots account for a large proportion of the total system’s operating costs.Meanwhile,oil depots and pipelines form an entire system,and each operation in a single oil depot may have influence on others.It is a tough job to make a scheduling plan when considering the factors of delivering contaminated oil and batches migration.So far,studies simultaneously considering operating constraints and contaminated oil issues are rare.Aiming at making a scheduling plan with the lowest operating costs,the paper establishes a mixed-integer linear programming model,considering a sequence of operations,such as delivery, export, blending,fractionating and exchanging operations,and batch property differences of the same oil as well as influence of batch migration on contaminated volume.Moreover,the paper verifies the linear relationship between oil concentration and blending capability by mathematical deduction.Finally,the model is successfully applied to one of the product pipelines in China and proved to be practical.

Location and allocation problem for spare parts depots on integrated logistics support

In equipment integrated logistics support(ILS), the supply capability of spare parts is a significant factor. There are lots of depots in the traditional support system, which makes too many redundant spare parts and causes high cost of support. Meanwhile,the inconsistency among depots makes it difficult to manage spare parts. With the development of information technology and transportation, the supply network has become more efficient. In order to further improve the efficiency of supply-support work and the availability of the equipment system, building a system of one centralized depot with multiple depots becomes an appropriate way.In this case, location selection of the depots including centralized depots and multiple depots becomes a top priority in the support system. This paper will focus on the location selection problem of centralized depots considering ILS factors. Unlike the common location selection problem, depots in ILS require a higher service level. Therefore, it becomes desperately necessary to take the high requirement of the mission into account while determining location of depots. Based on this, we raise an optimal depot location model. First, the expected transportation cost is calculated.Next, factors in ILS such as response time, availability and fill rate are analyzed for evaluating positions of open depots. Then, an optimization model of depot location is developed with the minimum expected cost of transportation as objective and ILS factors as constraints. Finally, a numerical case is studied to prove the validity of the model by using the genetic algorithm. Results show that depot location obtained by this model can guarantee the effectiveness and capability of ILS well.

A hybrid optimization approach for the heterogeneous vehicle routing problem with multiple depots cooperative operation

With the challenge of great growing of transport diversity for the automobile enterprises, the heterogeneous vehicle routing problem with multiple depots, multiple types of finished vehicles and multiple types of transport vehicles in finished vehicle logistics(HVRPMD) is modelled and solved. A multi-objective optimization model for HVRPMD is presented considering loading constraints to minimize the total cost and minimize the number of transport vehicles. Then a hybrid heuristic algorithm based on genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization(GA-PSO) is developed. Moreover, a case study is used to evaluate the effectiveness of this algorithm. By comparing the GA-PSO algorithm with the traditional GA algorithm, the simulation results demonstrate the proposed GA-PSO algorithm is able to better support the HVRPMD problem in practice. Contributions of the paper are the modelling and solving of a complex HVRPMD in logistics industry.

K-DSA for the multiple traveling salesman problem

Aimed at a multiple traveling salesman problem(MTSP)with multiple depots and closed paths,this paper proposes a k-means clustering donkey and a smuggler algorithm(KDSA).The algorithm first uses the k-means clustering method to divide all cities into several categories based on the center of various samples;the large-scale MTSP is divided into multiple separate traveling salesman problems(TSPs),and the TSP is solved through the DSA.The proposed algorithm adopts a solution strategy of clustering first and then carrying out,which can not only greatly reduce the search space of the algorithm but also make the search space more fully explored so that the optimal solution of the problem can be more quickly obtained.The experimental results from solving several test cases in the TSPLIB database show that compared with other related intelligent algorithms,the K-DSA has good solving performance and computational efficiency in MTSPs of different scales,especially with large-scale MTSP and when the convergence speed is faster;thus,the advantages of this algorithm are more obvious compared to other algorithms.

格调男装DEPOT3 服装与艺术的完美碰撞

充满了渲染力的色彩、细腻的羊毛肌理,纯粹而又美好的艺术气息,就这样,10月中旬,男装设计品牌DEPOT3在北京西五艺术中心,为所有观者呈现了一场以还原波普艺术大师大卫？霍克尼David Hockney的画作《更大水花》为主题活动的秋冬新品预览。致敬大师DAVID HOCKNEY男装设计品牌DEPOT3创建于2010年,是为年轻中产阶级而设计的城市便装。

DEPOT3秋冬大赏:源于八大山人的沉淀

相信艺术是世界大同的融会贯通,不受时空限制。所以一直从喜欢的艺术作品里提炼元素,然后融合到服饰设计当中。2015年秋冬,DEPOT3灵感来源于八大山人一系列关于鸟的作品。

Field measurement and evaluation of vibration in different areas of a metro depot

This paper presents a study of the characteristics of a railway vibration at three key sections containing different track structures in a metro depot.The results show that the vertical and horizontal vibration acceleration levels are proportional to train speed.The Z-weighted vertical acceleration levels obtained showed that the vibration source strengths at the ballast foot of the testing line and the throat area were very close.The vibration attenuation at the repair line was larger than that of the testing line.In the throat area,the peak frequency of vibration obtained at the ballast foot(2.5 m)could be shifted to a lower frequency band by using polyurethane sleepers instead of standard concrete sleepers.Polyurethane sleepers can help to reduce vertical vibration in a frequency band of 0-10 Hz.The vibration levels would satisfy the limits given in the ISO2631-2-2003(2013)for any location more than 5 m away from the source at the testing line and 2.5 m away from the source at the repair line and throat area.

Recent advances in the treatment of opioid use disorders–focus on long-acting buprenorphine formulations

Oral methadone or sublingual buprenorphine are first-line medications for pharmacotherapy of opioid use disorders(OUDs).Three long-acting buprenorphine depot or implant formulations are currently available for the treatment of OUDs:(1)CAM 2038(Buvidal)for subcutaneous weekly and monthly application;(2)RBP-6000(Sublocade^(TM))as a monthly depot formulation;and(3)A six-month buprenorphine implant[Probuphine^(TM)].The pharmacology,clinical efficacy and prospects of these medications are discussed.

Efficacy and Tolerability of Long-Acting Injectable Formulation of Nalmefene (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg) for Opioid Relapse Prevention: A Multicentre, Open-Label, Randomised Controlled Trial

Objective: To determine the efficacy and tolerability of a long-acting intramuscular formulation of Nalmefene (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg) for the treatment of opioid-dependent patients. Design, Setting, and Participants: A 12 weeks, open-label, randomised controlled trial conducted between June 2009-July 2011, at 14 Hospital-based drug clinics, in the 12 countries. Participants were 18 years or older, had Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 opioid use disorder. Of the 3200 individuals screened, 3000 (93.7%) adults were randomized 1500 participants to receive injections of Long-acting depot formulations ofNalmefene (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg) given intramuscularly once in 12 weeks and 1500participants to receive extended-release Naltrexone (Vivitrol 380 mg), administered intramuscularly every fourth week for 12 weeks. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary endpoints (protocol) were: Confirmed Opioid abstinence (percentage i.e. the number of patients who achieved complete abstinence during week 12). Confirmed abstinence or “opioid-free” was defined as a negative urine drug test for opioids and no self-reported opioid use. Weeks 1 - 4 were omitted from this endpoint to allow for stabilization of abstinence. Secondary end points included a number of days in treatment, treatment retention and craving. The study also investigated, on 275 participants, degree and time course of mu-opioid receptor occupancy following single doses of Nalmefene extended-release injection (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg) as well as the plasma concentration of Nalmefene and Nalmefene-3-O-glucuronide. Safety was assessed by adverse event reporting. Results: Of 3000 participants, mean (SD) age was 27.1 (±4.8) years and 831 (27.7%) were women. 1500 individuals were randomized to receive injections of Long-acting depot formulations of Nalmefene (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg) and 1500 to receive injections of extended-release Naltrexone (Vivitrol 380 mg);2088 participants (69.6.0%) completed the trial. Primary endpoints: Confirmed Opioid Abstinence: Complete abstinence was sustained by 86% (n = 1290) of Nalmefene patients (patients treated with Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg, long-acting depot formulations) compared with 43% (n = 645) of patients treated with extended-release Naltrexone 380 mg (Vivitrol), during weeks 5 - 12 (χ2 = 672.34, P Secondary Endpoint: Craving: A statistically and clinically significant reduction in opioid craving was observed with Nalmefene (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg, long-acting depot formulations) vs. Naltrexone (extended-release Naltrexone, Vivitrol 380 mg) by week 4 (P =0.0048), which persisted every week through 12 (P < 0.0001). Patients given Nalmefene (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg, long-acting depot formulations) had a 75% decrease in craving from baseline to week 12. Patients given a Naltrexone (extended-release Naltrexone, Vivitrol 380 mg) had a 3% increase in craving from baseline to week 12 (Mean change in self-reporting craving). Secondary Endpoint: Treatment Retention: Long-acting intramuscular formulation of Nalmefene (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg) helped significantly more patients complete 12 weeks treatment (n = 1245, 83%) compared with extended-release Naltrexone (Vivitrol 380 mg) (n = 570, 38%) (χ2 = 635.53, P < 0.0001). Patients on long-acting intramuscular formulation of Nalmefene (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg) had longer treatment retention than patients on extended-release Naltrexone (Vivitrol 380 mg). Concentrations of Nalmefene and Nalmefene-3-O-Glucuronide in Plasma: Analyses were made of 275 study sample. There was no statistically significant difference for plasma nalmefene concentrations between days 2 and 84 (p = 0.416). The plasma concentration of Nalmefene were 20.3 and 28.5 ng/ml and concentrations of nalmefene-3-O-glucuronide were 2.1 and 4.1 ng/ml, respectively. Plasma levels of Nalmefene remained above 20 ng/ml for approximately 12 weeks after administration of Nalmefene, long-acting depot formulations (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg). PET Assessments: Very high mu-opioid receptor occupancy by Nalmefene was detected 1 day after treatments at which time point the occupancy was 100.0% after Nalmefene injection (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg). Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg injection (long-acting intramuscular formulation of Nalmefene) led to a very high occupancy ofmu-opioid receptors in all brain areas examined;the thalamus, caudate nucleus, and frontal cortex. Depending on the brain area mu-opioid receptor occupancy varied between 83.0% and 85.8% 84 days after dosing. Adverse Reactions: Adverse events were similar in opioid-dependent patients treated with long-acting intramuscular formulation of Nalmefene (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg) vs. patients treated with extended-release Naltrexone (Vivitrol 380 mg). Conclusions and Relevance: Long-acting depot formulations of Nalmefene (Nalmefene Consta 393.1 mg) was more effective then extended-release Naltrexone (Vivitrol 380 mg) in maintaining short-term abstinence from heroin and should be considered as a treatment option for opioid-dependent individuals.

Research on rail wear of small radius curve in EMU depot

Purpose–With the help of multi-body dynamics software UM,the paper uses Kik–Piotrowski model to simulate wheel-rail contact and Archard wear model for rail wear.Design/methodology/approach–The CRH5 vehicle-track coupling dynamics model is constructed for the wear study of rails of small radius curves,namely 200 and 350 m in Guangzhou East EMU Depot and those 250 and 300 m radius in Taiyuan South EMU Depot.Findings–Results show that the rail wear at the straight-circle point,the curve center point and the circlestraight point follows the order of center point>the circle-straight point>the straight-circle point.The wear on rail of small radius curves intensifies with the rise of running speed,and the wearing trend tends to fasten as the curve radius declines.The maximum rail wear of the inner rail can reach 2.29 mm,while that of the outer rail,10.11 mm.Originality/value–With the increase of the train passing number,the wear range tends to expand.The rail wear decreases with the increase of the curve radius.The dynamic response of vehicle increases with the increase of rail wear,among which the derailment coefficient is affected the most.When the number of passing vehicles reaches 1 million,the derailment coefficient exceeds the limit value,which poses a risk of derailment.

Improving beef hamburger quality and fatty acid profiles through dietary manipulation and exploitation of fat depot heterogeneity

Background： Hamburger is the most consumed beef product in North America, but lacks in nutritional appeal due to its high fat content and high proportion of saturated fatty acids （SFA）. Objectives of the present study were to improve the FA profiles of hamburgers made with perirenal fat （PRF） and subcutaneous fat （SCF） when feeding steers different diets along with examining differences in sensory attributes and oxidative stability. Diets included a control diet containing 70：30 red clover silage： barley based concentrate, a diet containing sunflower-seed （SS） substituted for barley, and diets containing SS with 15% wheat dried distillers＇ grain with solubles （DDGS-15） or 30% DDGS （DDGS-30）. Hamburgers were made from triceps brachii and either PRF or SCF （80：20 w/w）. Results： Perirenal fat versus SCF hamburgers FA had 14.3% more （P 〈0.05） 18：0, 11.8% less cis （c）9-18：1 （P 〈0.05）, and 1.82% more total trdns （t）-18：1 mainly in the form of tl 1-18：1. During sensory evaluation, PRF versus SCF hamburgers had greater （P 〈0.05） mouth coating, but the difference was less than one panel unit. Examining effects of steer diet within PRF hamburgers, feeding the SS compared to the control diet increased （P 〈0.05） t-18：1 by 2.89% mainly in the form of tl 1-18：1, feeding DGGS-15 diet led to no further changes （P 〉0.05）, but feeding DDGS-30 diet reduced the proportions of （P 〈0.05） of t-18：1 chiefly tl 1-18：1. Feeding SS and DDGS diets had small but significant （P 〈0.05） effects on hamburger sensory attributes and oxidative stability. Conclusions： Feeding high-forage diets including SS and 15% DDGS, and taking advantage of the FA heterogeneity between fat depots offers an opportunity to differentially enhance beef hamburgers with 18：2n-6 biohydrogenation products （Le., t11-18：1） with potential human health benefits without compromising their sensory attributes and oxidative stability during retail display.

Application and Research of Meteorological Data in Lightning Protection Technical Service of Oil Depot

In this paper,lightning protection technical service of oil depot is taken as research object. It is proposed using various meteorological data to carry out multiple lightning protection technical services( risk assessment,potential forecast,monitoring and early warning of lightning disasters) based on conventional detection of lightning protection system,to improve technical content of lightning protection service and benefits of disaster prevention and mitigation. It mainly analyzes the application of lightning monitoring data in pre-assessment of lightning disaster,to guide site selection of new oil depot; guidance of lightning disaster status assessment on regular inspection of lightning protection system,to determine lightning protection detection time and update and maintenance time of lightning protection system; potential prediction and early warning of lightning,to guide daily operation of oil depot.

The Profile of Abundant and Essential Fatty Acids in Depot Fat Varies More in Kiwi (<i>Apteryx mantelli</i>) than in Other Avian Species

Direct and dendrographic comparison of the profiles of abundant fatty acids in depot fat was unable to separate 10 avian species on a basis of their overall proportions but was able to distinguish broad dietary groups or those in a habitat with distinctive nutritional characteristics such as avian marine carnivores. In all species considered, including North Island brown kiwi (Apteryx mantelli), oleic (C18:1) and palmitic acids (C16:0) were most abundant. The relative proportions of linolenic (C18:3) acid were 4% or lower across all species, while the relative proportions of palmitoleic acid (C18:0) were less than 7% in nine of the avian species, with the exception being the insectivorous red-eyed vireo (Vireo olivaceous). The levels of linoleic acid (C18:2) were lower in avian marine carnivores than in avian herbivores, insectivores, and omnivores. Whilst the mean values of the individual fatty acids in fat from various avian species were separated by hierarchical cluster analysis, the wide range of values of each fatty acid precluded any correlation of clustering with any known variation in dietary items. Similarly, the wide range in fatty acid composition of kiwi fat rendered it unhelpful in determining the optimum composition of the captive diet.

Concentration Changes of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate in Serum and Milk in Lactating Woman Who Used Depo Geston~

Objective To determine the concentration changes of medroxyprogesterone acetate （MPA） in serum and milk in the Chinese lactating women who used Depo Geston Methods Ten postpartum and breastfeeding women received an injectable contraceptive of Depo Geston （depo medroxyprogesterone acetate, DMPA, 150 mg/ampoule）. Serum and milk samples were collected in the 1^st, 2^st, 4^th, 6^th, 8^th 10^th and 12^th week after contraceptive injection. The concentrations of medroxyprogesterone acetate （MPA） in serum and milk were determined by radioimmunoassay. Results The highest MPA concentration in serum was observed at the 1^st week and then the level of serum MPA decreased obviously at the 2^na and 4^th week. After the 4^th week, the decline of serum MPA level slowed down. The concentration of milk MPA reached the highest level at 1^th week. But at the 2^nd week the average level of MPA in milk dropped by half The MPA concentration in the milk was changed in the range of 5.2-8.3 ng/mL in the following 10 weeks. During observation, the average ratios of concentration and area under curve （AUC） in milk/serum were both 0.55. There was a wide variation in MPA concentrations and ratios of milk/serum between subjects. Conclusion MPA concentrations maintained a certaim level at the 12^th week after DMPA injection. However, whether mather＇s intake of DMPA during feeding period has effect on children＇s growth, espcially pubertal growth, deserves further studies.

A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Long-Acting Injectable Formulation of Vanoxerine (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg) for Cocaine Relapse Prevention

Objective: To determine the efficacy and tolerability of a long-acting intramuscular formulation of Vanoxerine (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg) for treatment of cocaine-dependent patients. Design, Setting, and Participants: A 12-week, A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted between June 2009-July 2011, at 17 Hospital-based drug clinics, in the 15 countries. Participants were 18 years or older, had Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 cocaine use disorder. Of the 2800 patients who were assessed between March 10, 2009 to August 10, 2010, 2600 (93%) were eligible and willing to take part in the trial and were enrolled: 1300 were randomly assigned to receive injections of Long-acting depot formulations of Vanoxerine (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg) given intramuscularly once in 12 weeks and 1300 to receive Placebo injections, given intramuscularly once in 12 weeks. Only 100 of 2800 patients (3.6%) did not meet the inclusion criteria. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary endpoints (protocol) were: Confirmed Cocaine abstinence (percentage i.e. the number of patients who achieved complete abstinence during 12 weeks). Confirmed abstinence or “cocaine-free” was defined as a negative urine drug test for cocaines and no self-reported cocaine use. Secondary end points included a number of days in treatment, treatment retention and craving. The study also investigated, on 275 participants, degree and time course of Central Dopamine transporter receptor occupancy following single doses of long-acting intramuscular formulation of Vanoxerine (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg) as well as the plasma concentration of Vanoxerine and 17-hydroxyl Vanoxerine. Safety was assessed by adverse event reporting. Results: Of 2600 participants, mean (SD) age was 28.5 (±5.5) years and 598 (23%) were women. 1300 individuals were randomized to receive injections of Long-acting depot formulations of Vanoxerine (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg) and 1300 to receive injections of Placebo. 1417 participants (54.5.0%) completed the trial. Primary Endpoints: Confirmed Cocaine Abstinence: Complete abstinence was sustained by 72% (n = 936) of Vanoxerine patients (patients treated with Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg, long-acting depot formulations) compared with 37% (n = 481) of patients treated with Placebo, during weeks 5 - 12. The difference was significant as evaluated using a Chi-square test (χ2 = 672.34, P < 0.0001). Secondary Endpoint: Craving: A statistically and clinically significant reduction in cocaine craving was observed with Vanoxerine (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg, long-acting depot formulations) vs. Placeboby week 4 (P = 0.0048), which persisted every week through 12 (P < 0.0001). Patients given Vanoxerine (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg, long-acting depot formulations) had a 87% decrease in craving from baseline to 12th week. Patients given a Placebo had a 2% increase in craving from baseline to 12th week. Secondary Endpoint: Treatment Retention: Long-acting intramuscular formulation of Vanoxerine (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg) helped significantly more patients complete 12 weeks treatment (n = 936, 72%) compared with Placebo (n = 481, 37%) (χ2 = 635.53, P < 0.0001). Patients on the long-acting intramuscular formulation of Vanoxerine (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg) had longer treatment retention than patients on Placebo. Concentrations of Vanoxerine and 17-Hydroxyl Vanoxerinein Plasma: Analyses were made of 275 study samples. There was no statistically significant difference for plasma Vanoxerine concentrations between days 2 and 84 (p = 0.416). The plasma concentration of Vanoxerine were 70.4 and 94.3 ng/ml and concentrations of 17-hydroxyl Vanoxerine were 10.5 and 13.2 ng/ml, respectively. Plasma levels of Vanoxerine remained above 70 ng/ml for approximately 12 weeks after administration of Vanoxerine, long-acting depot formulations (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg). PET Assessments: Very high central dopamine transporter receptor occupancy by Vanoxerine was detected 1 day after treatments, at which time point the occupancy was 100.0% after Vanoxerine injection (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg). At days 7, 28, 56 and 84 post-Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg administration, occupancies were 95% to 79%. Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg injection (long-acting intramuscular formulation of Vanoxerine) led to very high occupancy of Central Dopamine transporter receptors in all brain areas examined;nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus and putamen. Depending on the brain area Central Dopamine transporter receptor occupancy varied between 95.0% and 79% at days 7, 28, 56 and 84 after dosing. High Vanoxerine occupancy (77%) persisted at 12 weeks after the dosings. Adverse Reactions: Adverse events were similar in cocaine-dependent patients treated with the long-acting intramuscular formulation of Vanoxerine (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg) vs. patients treated with Placebo. Conclusions and Relevance: Long-acting depot formulations of Vanoxerine (Vanoxerine Consta 394.2 mg) were more effective than Placebo injection in maintaining short-term abstinence from cocaine and should be considered as a treatment option for cocaine-dependent individuals.

The Use of Hormonal Contraceptives and Preeclampsia among Ghanaian Pregnant Women

Hormonal contraceptives (HC) are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The study evaluated the use of HC as a primary cause of preeclampsia (PE) among Ghanaians. This study comprised 30 preeclamptic women and 30 healthy normotensive pregnant women with over 20 weeks of gestation at the Comboni Hospital, Ghana using a randomized case-control study. Blood pressure, weight, height, socio-demographics, medical and previous obstetric history were taken and recorded. Blood samples were collected for the estimation of homocysteine and fasting lipids. Estimated foetal weight (EFW) and infant birthweight (BWT) were obtained from maternal records. This study was carried out in 2019. 80.0% of women with PE used the hormonal contraceptive “depot medroxyprogesterone acetate” (DMPA) prior to pregnancy. The use of DMPA was associated with about thirty-fold increase in the odds of developing PE (OR = 29.71, p < 0.001). Systolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), triglycerides (P = 0.024), LDL-C (P = 0.026), and homocysteine levels (P < 0.001) were significantly elevated in the PE cases than the normal pregnant (NP) women, whilst EFW (P < 0.001), BWT (P < 0.001) and HDL-C levels (P = 0.001) were significantly reduced in the PE cases when compared to NP women. 50% and 47% of PE cases had intrauterine growth restriction and low birthweight infants, respectively. In conclusion, DMPA use predisposes women to a high risk of developing PE. DMPA could partly contribute to endothelial dysfunction, hyperhomocysteinaemia, dyslipidaemia and excessive weight gain, all of which characterize PE.

A Geometrical Theorem about the Static Equilibrium of a Common-point-force System and its Application

A geometrical theorem for the static equilibrium of a common-point-force system has been proven by means of virtual-work principle: The equilibrium point of a common-point force system has a minimal weighted distance summation to every fixed point arbitrarily given on each force line with a weighing factor proportional to corresponding force value. Especially the mechanical simulating technique for its inverse problem has been realized by means of pulley block. The conclusions for the inverse problem derived from mechanic method are in accordance with that given by the pure mathematical method, and the self-consistence of the theorem and its inverse problem has been demonstrated. Some application examples in engineering, economy and mathematics have been discussed, especially the possible application in the research of molecular structure, has also been predicted.

Development of Hormone-Active Fiber in the Form of Artificial Insulin Depot

This study examines the phenomena of the hormone-active fibers obtaining process, in the form of artificial insulin depot. As a fibrous carrier of insulin cation-exchange polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers and biodegradable polysaccharide alginate fibers were used. The process of obtaining fibrous artificial insulin depot was based on the chemisorption of insulin from insulin aqueous solutions by these fibers. The parameters of insulin chemisorption reaction were determined and their influence on quantities of bonded insulin in the artificial depot was studied. The impact of fiber polymer nature on the intensity of insulin chemisorption was studied and determined. Also, the location and deposition of insulin in and onto the fiber, fiber topography were studied. The maximum amounts of bounded insulin for the cation-exchange PAN fibers were 395.0 mg porcine insulin chromatographic / g of fiber, and for the alginate fibers were about 300? mg of porcine insulin chromatographic / g of fiber.

2010年美国GFCI制造、销售、采购巨头Leviton、Home Depot、GE等频频成为专利案件被告,专利海盗尚未出现

2010年,美国GFCI制造巨头如Leviton、帕西·西姆公司、库柏公司,销售巨头如Home Depot、Amazon,采购巨头如GE电气公司、GE能源公司等频频成为专利案件被告。