A Descriptive Translation Study of Chinese Translation of French Musical Roméo et Juliette

This paper presents a Descriptive Translation Study(DTS)analysis of the Chinese translation of the French musical adaptation of Romeo and Juliet,titled Roméo et Juliette:de la Haineàl’Amour.Romeo and Juliet,a timeless play by Shakespeare,has captivated audiences since its premiere in 1597 and has been adapted into various forms,including stage productions,films,musicals,and operas.The focus of this study is to analyze the Chinese translation of the French musical adaptation from a DTS perspective.DTS is an approach that aims to understand the translation process and its reception in the target culture.By examining language choices,cultural references,and adaptation strategies,this study seeks to shed light on how the Chinese translation of the French musical functions within the target culture and influences the reception and interpretation of the source text.This analysis is expected to gain insights into the challenges and strategies employed in translating a musical adaptation of Romeo and Juliet into Chinese.The findings of this study will contribute to the field of translation studies and provide a deeper understanding of the complexities involved in the translation of musical works.

Exploring the Characteristics of Data Breaches: A Descriptive Analytic Study

Data breaches have massive consequences for companies, affecting them financially and undermining their reputation, which poses significant challenges to online security and the long-term viability of businesses. This study analyzes trends in data breaches in the United States, examining the frequency, causes, and magnitude of breaches across various industries. We document that data breaches are increasing, with hacking emerging as the leading cause. Our descriptive analyses explore factors influencing breaches, including security vulnerabilities, human error, and malicious attacks. The findings provide policymakers and businesses with actionable insights to bolster data security through proactive audits, patching, encryption, and response planning. By better understanding breach patterns and risk factors, organizations can take targeted steps to enhance protections and mitigate the potential damage of future incidents.

Geometric Computing Based on Computerized Descriptive Geometric

Computer-aided Design （CAD）, video games and other computer graphic related technology evolves substantial processing to geometric elements. A novel geometric computing method is proposed with the integration of descriptive geometry, math and computer algorithm. Firstly, geometric elements in general position are transformed to a special position in new coordinate system. Then a 3D problem is projected to new coordinate planes. Finally, according to 2D/3D correspondence principle in descriptive geometry, the solution is constructed computerized drawing process with ruler and compasses. In order to make this method a regular operation, a two-level pattern is established. Basic Layer is a set algebraic packaged function including about ten Primary Geometric Functions （PGF） and one projection transformation. In Application Layer, a proper coordinate is established and a sequence of PGFs is sought for to get the final results. Examples illustrate the advantages of our method on dimension reduction, regulatory and visual computing and robustness.

The Translation Strategies of Chinese Dish Names on Descriptive Translation Studies

It is well-known that Chinese dish names concentrate on the essence of traditional Chinese culture,reflecting the collective wisdom of Chinese nation.In recent years,good and awkward translation of Chinese dish names coexist with each other,which has a negative influence on Chinese image.Nowadays many people have begun to center on and study the English translation of Chinese dishes names.Descriptive translation is a clear answer to it.

English Grammar Comparison:Descriptive Grammar vs.Prescriptive Grammar

English grammar is thought as one of the most important parts in both language learning and teaching. While few people know there is more than one kind of English grammar. This essay provides the features and comparison between two commonly used English grammar, namely descriptive grammar and prescriptive grammar, and assist English teachers to explore further in grammar teaching.

The Review of Descriptive Norms in Translation Studies

The studies on descriptive norms in translation studies are of great significance because they spread the domain of norms and begin to consider the impact of the outside community so that they lead the study to a new field.Descriptive norms are discussed and studied systemically mainly by three scholars:Toury,Hermans,and Chesterman.The purpose of this article is to review this concept and try to point out some merits and demerits of their theory.

STATISTICAL TESTS FOR THE COMPARISON OF THE INCIDENCE OR MORTALITY RATES IN CANCER REGISTRY AND DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY──A MICROCOMPUTER PROGRAM IN BASIC

This paper describes the statistical methods of the comparison of the incidence or mortality rates in cancer registry and descriptive epidemiology, and the features of microcomputer program (CANTEST) which was designed to perform the methods. The program was written in IBM BASIC language. Using the program CANTEST we presented here the user can do several statistical tests or estimations as follow: 1. the comparison of the adjusted rates which were calculated by directly or indirectly standardized methods, 2. the calculation of the slope of regression line for testing the linear trends of the adjusted rates, 3. the estimation of the 95% or 99%conndence intervals of the directly adjusted rates, of the cumulative rates (0-64 and 0-74), and of the cumulative risk. Several examples are presented for testing the performances of the program.

Descriptive Epidemiology of Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Bangladesh

Background: The number of reported MDR-TB cases has been increasing in recent years. Objectives: To describe the epidemiological profile of MDR-TB cases in Bangladesh. Design: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Settings: The study was conducted among the multi drug resistant tuberculosis patient admitted in the National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital (NIDCH) Dhaka, Bangladesh. Samples: 148 confirmed cases of MDR-TB. Materials and Methods: Hospital admitted MRD-TB cases were randomly chosen from the above mentioned hospital. Semi-structured and pretested questionnaire were introduced by researcher. Clinical and treatment data i.e. duration of TB drug intake, report of sputum, X-ray and blood test etc. were extracted from the hospital record. Results: Study found, majority of the participants (56.1%) were in the age group of 16 - 30 years. 64.2% of the study subjects were married. Majority of the participants education were whether under primary or primary level. 24.3% participant’s family member and 14.5% of neighbor were having TB. Most common comorbidity were diabetes, pulmonary infection, hearing loss, psychiatric symptoms, chest pain, joint pain etc. 63.5% respondent had high degree of AFB for sputum positivity and more than 98% had positive finding in X-ray chest. On an average ESR was low and also few cases of extremely low ESR were found. 71.6% were under twenty four months regimen. Conclusion: We can conclude that, many possible factors for MDR-TB. There is an urgent need for further study to confirm the exact factors in Bangladesh and address those immediately.

Rapid Descriptive Consumer Analysis Using Simultaneous and Monadic Sample Presentation for Coffee

The objective of this study was to investigate how rapid descriptive consumer analysis using simultaneous presentation of samples compared with monadic presentation of samples, using both affective and descriptive sensory evaluation methods. Simultaneous presentation of coffee samples for sensory acceptance testing, using ranking analysis, was conducted using na?ve assessors. In a separate session, assessors evaluated the same coffee samples, using monadic presentation and employing the same scales. Similarly, descriptive consumer analysis, using simultaneous and monadic sample presentation, was conducted using descriptive attributes chosen by the panel. For RDA (Ranking descriptive analysis), coffee samples were presented simultaneously (randomised) to assessors and subsequently ranked. The process was then repeated using the same assessors;however, samples were presented in monadic and randomised presentation order. Data accumulated from the study were analysed by Analysis of Variance (APLSR-ANOVA Partial Least Squares Regression). Results obtained indicate that simultaneous presentation of samples was more effective than monadic presentation, as a larger amount of attributes with significant (P < 0.05) intensity differences were observed using RDA. Thus, simultaneous presentation of samples also allows ranking in SAT evaluation and proved a useful tool in establishing the hedonic attributes of products. We propose to call this method Ranking Acceptance Analysis (RAA).

A Pseudo Random Number Generator under Windows Using Refined Descriptive Sampling

In this paper, we propose a software component under Windows that generates pseudo random numbers using RDS （Refined Descriptive Sampling） as required by the simulation. RDS is regarded as the best sampling method as shown in the literature. In order to validate the proposed component, its implementation is proposed on approximating integrals. The simulation results from RDS using ＂RDSRnd＂ generator were compared to those obtained using the generator ＂Rnd＂ included in the Pascal programming language under Windows. The best results are given by the proposed software component.

A Case Report and a Descriptive Retrospective Study of Cases of Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis Diagnosed over a 10-Year Period in a Third Level Hospital

Inferior vena cava thrombosis is an under-recognized entity associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This is the reason why, although the diagnosis is challenging, a high index of suspicion is required. Regarding this condition, we present the case of a 63-year-old man who had repeatedly visited the emergency room suffering from abdominal and back pain and painful lower limb edema. After several tests, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), he was diagnosed to have agenesis of left renal vein and inferior vena cava thrombosis, from hypercoagulable state secondary to Antiphospholipid Syndrome. He had anticoagulation treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin with good subsequent evolution. This study sets out a descriptive retrospective study of fifty cases of inferior vena cava thrombosis diagnosed in a third-level hospital in the north of Spain over a ten-year period (2010-2018). The aim of this article is to identify the epidemiology, predisposing factors and symptoms that characterize this entity, in order to be able to achieve an early diagnosis that allows us to initiate immediate treatment, minimizing acute and chronic complications of this disease.

Empirical Evidence for a Descriptive Model of Principles of Information Security Course

The purpose of this study is to examine the nature and content of the rapidly evolving undergraduate Principles of Information/Cybersecurity course which has been attracting an ever-growing attention in the computing discipline, for the past decade. More specifically, it is to provide an impetus for the design of standardized principles of Information/Cybersecurity course. To achieve this, a survey of colleges and universities that offer the course was conducted. Several schools of engineering and business, in universities and colleges across several countries were surveyed to generate necessary data. Effort was made to direct the questionnaire only to Computer Information System (CIS), Computer Science (CS), Management Information System (MIS), Information System (IS) and other computer-related departments. The study instrument consisted of two main parts: one part addressed the institutional demographic information, while the other focused on the relevant elements of the course. There are sixty-two (62) questionnaire items covering areas such as demographics, perception of the course, course content and coverage, teaching preferences, method of delivery and course technology deployed, assigned textbooks and associated resources, learner support, course assessments, as well as the licensure-based certifications. Several themes emerged from the data analysis: (a) the principles course is an integral part of most cybersecurity programs;(b) majority of the courses examined, stress both strong technical and hands-on skills;(c) encourage vendor-neutral certifications as a course exit characteristic;and (d) an end-of-course class project, remains a standard requirement for successful course completion. Overall, the study makes it clear that cybersecurity is a multilateral discipline, and refuses to be confined by context and content. It is envisaged that the results of this study would turn out to be instructive for all practical purposes. We expect it to be one of the most definitive descriptive models of such a cardinal course, and help to guide and actually, shape the decisions of universities and academic programs focusing on information/cyber security in the updating and upgrading their curricula, most especially, the foundational principles course in light of new findings that are herein articulated.

A Brief Survey of Toury＇s Descriptive Translation Studies

The norm of descriptive translation is the transcendence for traditional translation theory norm; it helps translators to build a comprehensive and objective cognation for translation activity, thus makes the translation theories fully used by translators. This essay attempted to explore descriptive translation from its development stages, the norm and the value and defects of Toury＇s theory.

Application of the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis in Cosmetics Sensory Evaluation

The sensory evaluation method was introduced so late in China, and a complete system of this method has not built yet in cosmetics industry. In this article, the application of the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis method in the evaluation of the sensory assessment items are studied. With the SPSS reliability analysis, it was found that the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis method is not suitable for some sensory assessment items.

Significance of Traditional Descriptive Geometry in Teaching and Learning Graphic Science

Graphic science is the subject which teaches geometry and graphics, and is taught in early undergraduate curricula at many Japanese universities as a liberal arts subject or as a basic subject for design and drawing. In traditional graphic science courses, de-scriptive geometry based on hand drawings was taught. However, in recent years, there continues to be a rapid spread in the use of 3D-CAD in the field of engineering design and drawing, and there is also increasing use of CG in many fields such as for visualiza-tion of computer simulation results in science, and for image display in the movie and game entertainment fields. So there is a need for graphic presentation education including the competence in the use of 3D-CAD/CG, or ＂graphics literacy （or visual literacy） education＂ for a wide range of students. In order to realize graphics literacy education, from 2007, a new graphic science curriculum has been started at the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Tokyo. The main part of the curriculum consists of Graphic Science I and Graphic Science II. With Graphic Science I, as before, traditional descriptive geometry is taught with hand drawing as the base. With Graphic Science II, commercial graphic processing software can be experienced. In this course, by introducing geo- metric problems as examples and assignments, it is designed to mutually complement with descriptive geometry education （Graphic Science I）. With the spread of 3D-CAD/CG, some people say that there is no longer any need for descriptive geometry, but for the following reasons, it has been decided to teach descriptive geometry. 1） Traditional descriptive geometry is an excellent method in teaching and learning geometry of projection and of three-dimensional objects, and concepts and/or procedures in descriptive geome-try can be applied in solving geometric design problems by the use of 3D-CAD/CG. 2） Even in this age of 3D-CAD/CG, hand draw-ing is still being used （especially for free-hand sketches）. 3） Hand drawing is an effective method of developing spatial ability of students. However, with the spread of 3D-CAD/CG, the descriptive geometry techniques in analyzing shapes and forms of three-dimensional objects are now loosing their earlier practical importance. So emphasis is not being placed on the education of practical techniques, but is being placed on teaching the theory behind the techniques, i.e., geometry of projection and of three-dimensional objects. This paper reports specific examples of classes in order to describe the importance of descriptive geometry education, and the need to switch from education focused on techniques to education on the theory behind the techniques.

Recent Applications of Descriptive Geometry to Mechanical Engineering

This is a brief summary of a paper presented at the 5th Japan-China Joint Conference on Graphics Education in Osaka 2001.

Software Vulnerabilities Overview:A Descriptive Study

Computer security is a matter of great interest.In the last decade there have been numerous cases of cybercrime based on the exploitation of software vulnerabilities.This fact has generated a great social concern and a greater importance of computer security as a discipline.In this work,the most important vulnerabilities of recent years are identified,classified,and categorized individually.A measure of the impact of each vulnerability is used to carry out this classification,considering the number of products affected by each vulnerability,as well as its severity.In addition,the categories of vulnerabilities that have the greatest presence are identified.Based on the results obtained in this study,we can understand the consequences of the most common vulnerabilities,which software products are affected,how to counteract these vulnerabilities,and what their current trend is.

Climate-based dengue model in Semarang, Indonesia: Predictions and descriptive analysis

Background:Dengue is one of the most rapidly spreading vector-borne diseases,which is considered to be a major health concern in tropical and sub-tropical countries.It is strongly believed that the spread and abundance of vectors are related to climate.Construction of climate-based mathematical model that integrates meteorological factors into disease infection model becomes compelling challenge since the climate is positively associated with both incidence and vector existence.Methods:A host-vector model is constructed to simulate the dynamic of transmission.The infection rate parameter is replaced with the time-dependent coefficient obtained by optimization to approximate the daily dengue data.Further,the optimized infection rate is denoted as a function of climate variables using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag(ARDL)model.Results:The infection parameter can be extended when updated daily climates are known,and it can be useful to forecast dengue incidence.This approach provides proper prediction,even when tested in increasing or decreasing prediction windows.In addition,associations between climate and dengue are presented as a reversed slide-shaped curve for dengue-humidity and a reversed U-shaped curves for dengue-temperature and dengueprecipitation.The range of optimal temperature for infection is 24.3e30.5C.Humidity and precipitation are positively associated with dengue upper the threshold 70%at lag 38 days and below 50 mm at lag 50 days,respectively.Conclusion:Identification of association between climate and dengue is potentially useful to counter the high risk of dengue and strengthen the public health system and reduce the increase of the dengue burden.

Strategy optimization for controlled Markov process with descriptive complexity constraint

Due to various advantages in storage and implementation, simple strategies are usually preferred than complex strategies when the performances are close. Strategy optimization for controlled Markov process with descriptive complexity constraint provides a general framework for many such problems. In this paper, we first show by examples that the descriptive complexity and the performance of a strategy could be independent, and use the F-matrix in the No-Free-Lunch Theorem to show the risk that approximating complex strategies may lead to simple strategies that are unboundedly worse in cardinal performance than the original complex strategies. We then develop a method that handles the descriptive complexity constraint directly, which describes simple strategies exactly and only approximates complex strategies during the optimization. The ordinal performance difference between the resulting strategies of this selective approximation method and the global optimum is quantified. Numerical examples on an engine maintenance problem show how this method improves the solution quality. We hope this work sheds some insights to solving general strategy optimization for controlled Markov process with descriptive complexity constraint.

Bayesian autoregressive adaptive refined descriptive sampling algorithm in the Monte Carlo

This paper deals with the Monte Carlo Simulation in a Bayesian framework.It shows the impor-tance of the use of Monte Carlo experiments through refined descriptive sampling within the autoregressive model Xt=ρXt-1+Yt,where 0<ρ<1 and the errors Yt are independent ran-dom variables following an exponential distribution of parameterθ.To achieve this,a Bayesian Autoregressive Adaptive Refined Descriptive Sampling(B2ARDS)algorithm is proposed to esti-mate the parametersρandθof such a model by a Bayesian method.We have used the same prior as the one already used by some authors,and computed their properties when the Nor-mality error assumption is released to an exponential distribution.The results show that B2ARDS algorithm provides accurate and efficient point estimates.