Utilizing sediment grain size characteristics to assess the effectiveness of clay–sand barriers in reducing aeolian erosion in Minqin desert area,China

The clay–sand barriers in Minqin desert area,China,represent a pioneering windbreak and sand fixation project with a venerable history of 60 a.However,studies on evaluating the long-term effectiveness of clay–sand barriers against aeolian erosion,particularly from the perspective of surface sediment grain size,are limited and thus insufficient to ascertain the protective impact of these barriers on regional aeolian activities.This study focused on the surface sediments(topsoil of 0–3 cm depth)of clay–sand barriers in Minqin desert area to explain their erosion resistance from the perspective of surface sediment grain size.In March 2023,six clay–sand barrier sampling plots with clay–sand barriers of different deployment durations(1,5,10,20,40,and 60 a)were selected as experimental plots,and one control sampling plot was set in an adjacent mobile sandy area without sand barriers.Surface sediment samples were collected from the topsoil of each sampling plot in the study area in April 2023 and sediment grain size characteristics were analyzed.Results indicated a predominance of fine and medium sands in the surface sediments of the study area.The deployment of clay–sand barriers cultivated a fine quality in grain size composition of the regional surface sediments,increasing the average contents of very fine sand,silt,and clay by 30.82%,417.38%,and 381.52%,respectively.This trend became markedly pronounced a decade after the deployment of clay–sand barriers.The effectiveness of clay–sand barriers in erosion resistance was manifested through reduced wind velocity,the interception of sand flow,and the promotion of fine surface sediment particles.Coarser particles such as medium,coarse,and very coarse sands predominantly accumulated on the external side of the barriers,while finer particles such as fine and very fine sands concentrated in the upwind(northwest)region of the barriers.By contrast,the contents of finest particles such as silt and clay were higher in the downwind(southeast)region of the sampling plots.For the study area,the deployment of clay–sand barriers remains one of the most cost-effective engineering solutions for aeolian erosion control,with sediment grain size parameters serving as quantitative indicators for the assessment of these barriers in combating desertification.The results of this study provide a theoretical foundation for the construction of windbreak and sand fixation systems and the optimization of artificial sand control projects in arid desert areas.

Distribution Characteristics of Soil Total Nitrogen in Low-efficiency Forest Land in the Northern Windy Desert Area of Jingbian County

[Objectives]The paper was to investigate the distribution characteristics of soil total nitrogen in low-efficiency forest land in the northern windy desert area of Jingbian County.[Methods]The distribution of soil total nitrogen in the 0-40 cm soil layer of 5 towns in the northern windy desert area of Jingbian County was studied through field sampling and laboratory detection.[Results]The average soil total nitrogen contents of Hongdunjie Town,Haizetan Town,Huanghaojie Town,Ningtiaoliang Town,Dongkeng Town and windy desert area in the 0-20 cm soil layer were 0.259,0.224,0.242,0.248,0.431 and 0.275 g/kg,respectively.The soil total nitrogen content in Dongkeng Town was higher than those in other towns,while there was little difference among other regions.The average total nitrogen contents in the 20-40 cm soil layer were 0.239,0.285,0.113,0.262,0.349 and 0.241 g/kg,respectively.The soil total nitrogen content in Huanghaojie Town was slightly lower than those in other towns,while that in Dongkeng town was higher.The variation coefficient of soil total nitrogen content in the survey area was greater than 30%,and there was great difference in spatial distribution.With the increase of soil depth,there was little change in soil total nitrogen content,namely the soil total nitrogen contents in 5 towns and windy desert area were not statistically different in the 0-40 cm soil layer.According to the nutrient grading standard of the second national soil survey,the soil total nitrogen content in the survey area was in the deficiency grade.[Conclusions]The research will provide a scientific guidance for the healthy and sustainable development of vegetation in arid regions.

Comparisons between Movement Speed of Main Types of Dunes:A Case Study of Desert Areas in Hexi Region of Gansu Province

In desert areas in Hexi region,11 barchan dunes,6 chains of barchan dunes,6 pyramid dunes,6 parabolic dunes and 6 accumulated sand-belts were chosen to study their movement speed based on images obtained by Google Earth in various periods.The results show that among the dunes,the movement of the barchan dunes was the fastest,followed by the chains of barchan dunes,and only the tops of the pyramid dunes swayed,while the parabolic dunes and accumulated sand-belts hardly moved forward.The higher the barchan dunes(or the chains of barchan dunes) were,the slower the movement was.On the contrary,the higher the pyramid dunes were,the faster the swing was.There was a positive correlation between the movement speed of the barchan dunes and the average wind speed of sandstorms.

Particle Size of Barchan Dune in Hexi Desert Area and Its Relationship with Wind Speed

[Objective] The paper was to study the particle size characteristics of barchan dune and its formation mechanism in Hexi desert area of Gansu. [Method] Through particle size measurement and wind speed flow field observation of dune,the particle size differences of various sampling plots and various parts of dune were analyzed using analysis of variance,and the relationship between particle size and wind speed was analyzed using correlation coefficient method. [Result]( 1) Barchan dune and barchan chains in Hexi desert area of Gansu were mainly consisted of fine sands and medium sands at the depth of 0- 5 cm: the sand particle in Gulang desert area was fine,which had significant difference with that in Jinchang,Linze,Jinta and Minqin desert areas.( 2) Medium sands gradually increased from the bottom of windward slope to the dune peak in both barchan dune and barchan chain. On the windward slope of barchan dune,fine sands gradually increased from the middle to both sides,while coarse sands and medium sands gradually decreased. On the windward slope of barchan chain,fine sands first decreased then increased from the middle to NE side,but first increased then decreased from the middle to SW side.( 3) In terms of particle size,there were great variations between fine sands and coarse sands; for dune parts,there were great variations between dune peak and leeward slope toe; for dune types,the variation of fine sands in various parts of barchan chain was greater than that of barchan dune,while differentiation degree of medium sands and fine sands was greater than that of barchan dune. The particle size of fine sands was positively correlated with wind speed,and that of medium sands was negatively correlated with wind speed.[Conclusion]The formation environment of particle size of barchan dune mainly included sand source and dynamic source,and wind speed was the dynamic source for particle size distribution of barchan dune.

Probabilistic modeling of soil moisture dynamics in a revegetated desert area

Soil moisture is the key link between land hydrological and ecological processes which plays an important role in the terrestrial water cycle. As extreme weather events have increased in recent years, the stochastic simulation of soil moisture has gradually become the focus of ecohydrology research. Based on continuous monitoring of soil moisture data from 2008 to 2011, and historical precipitation data from 1991 to 2011, combined with the Rodriguez-Iturbe soil moisture dynamic stochastic model, soil moisture dynamics and its probability density function in a revegetated desert area was simulated. Results show that annual soil moisture dynamic changes of the revegetated desert area during the growing season complied with rainfall distribution; soil moisture probability presents a single-peak distribution in the plant rhizosphere layer (0-60 cm). The peak width in the 20 cm topsoil was wider than in other soils, and the distribution presented the strong fluctuations and multiple aggregates. The peak widths of 40 cm and 60 cm soil moisture probability distribution were small, which are in accordance with simulated results of the Rodriguez-Iturbe model. This confirms that the Rodriguez-Iturbe model has good applicability and can well simulate the statistical characteristics of soil moisture in an arid revegetated desert area.

Environmental Conditions of Barchan Dune and Barchan Chain-A Case Study from the Hexi Desert Area of Gansu

[Objective] The paper was to discuss why the top of tall barchan dunes and barchan chains widespread in single prevailing wind area had not been leveled by wind erosion. [Method] Based on the preliminary survey of distribution status,the morphological characteristics and environmental conditions of barchan dunes and barchan chains in Hexi desert area of Gansu were investigated in details. The significance of difference between samples and significance of correlation between indicators were examined via variance test. [Result] Barchan dunes and barchan chains in Hexi desert area of Gansu distributed at the leeward direction of desert fringe,generally in patch distribution. The distribution area was gravelly beach or cohesive gravel beach,with broader dune slack; winds in distribution area of barchan dunes and barchan chains blew obviously from one direction,while winds at other directions were light or occasionally strong but with low frequency;the barchan dune in the desert fringe of Hexi desert area of Gansu was relatively tall,while barchan chain was even more taller and larger. Coincidence or separation of the dune peak and the sand ridge might be related to distribution frequency of dominant prevailing wind or wind at opposite direction and the observation seasons.[Conclusion]Studying top stability of barchan dune has an important academic value in revealing blowing sand movement rule at desert fringe,invasion of sand flow,and expansion of desert.

Studying surface structure in desert areas using multiple kinds of surface wave data

浅表面波浪方法主要在非荒芜的区域在环境、工程的地球物理为表面速度结构的调查被使用。为 Takelamagan 荒芜的区域的特殊地质的特征，我们使用处理多信道的浅表面波浪的方法记录在荒芜的区域决定近的表面速度结构的表面波浪(MASW ) 的多信道的分析。我们也处理，分析，并且比较在从在区域的油探索射击集合提取的许多踪迹记录的表面波浪。我们证明 MASW 方法能决定在荒芜的区域和许多踪迹记录的详细浅速度结构能被用来变得详细深地质的结构。二不同数据集的联合能获得准确速度结构上面在调查区域的 60 m 深度。

Effects of vibration in desert area caused by moving trains

The ballast layer,filled with fine particles like blown sand,is one of the important problems of ballasted railway tracks in desert areas.Blown sand,as a contaminator of ballast layer,increases track stiffness and may cause serious damage to sleepers,pads,rails,and vehicles.In this paper,the effects of increasing track stiffness due to windy sands in the ballast layer and the train induced vibrations due to this phenomenon were studied.Based on field studies in a desert area in Iran,a two-dimensional finite/infinite element model for a railway track with plane strain condition was analyzed using the software ABAQUS,and the track vibrations were examined by changing the values of stiffness of ballast layer.Vibrations caused by the load of train at different distances from the cross-section of track were investigated,and the values of vertical vibration displacement,velocity,and acceleration were calculated.Results show that acceleration values of vertical vibration increase with the increasing of ballast layer stiffness caused by the filling of sand,while the vertical vibration velocity of track and the induced ground displacement decrease.The farther the distance from the source of vibration,the less the displacement,velocity,and acceleration.In addition,the methods for reducing train-induced vibrations were introduced.

Stability and Ecological Effects of Main Plant Communities in Minqin Desert Area

[Objective] To elucidate the change trend in stability and ecological effects of plant communities in desert along with global warming. [Method]The data of site-specific observation on five main plant communities at ten plots in Minqin desert area were used to analyze the stability and ecological effects of desert plant communities by using two indicators vegetation coverage and projective cover degree. [Results] The vegetation coverage of Artemisia arenaria and Ephedra przewalskii,and the projective cover degree of A. arenaria and man-made Haloxylon ammodendron forest decreased remarkably; and the vegetation coverage of Nitraria tangutorum was also decreased to some extent. [Conclusion]( 1) The plant communities with poor vegetation coverage gives a relatively strong stability,while that with high vegetation coverage has a relatively poor stability;( 2) the yearly precipitation is the determinant of vegetation coverage and projective cover degree;( 3) the ecological function is found to be most remarkable in per unit area N. tangutorum,followed by E. przewalskii and N. tangutorum + H. ammodendron,and least in per unit area A. Arenaria. The vegetation is sparse in desert and plant branches does not distribute regularly,thus the crown-based vegetation coverage can not reflect the actual surface coverage.

Temperature Regulation Effect of Desert Vegetation in Minqin Desert Area

[Objective] The paper was to study the effects of desert vegetation on temperature regulation and stabilization in desert area. [Method] The survey data of quadrats in five kinds of plant communities in Minqin desert area were preliminarily estimated. [Result] Desert vegetation had the ecological functions of regulating desert temperature and stabilizing sharp increase of temperature,especially the irreplaceable ecological function of slowing down sandstorm each spring in northwest China compared to physical sand-fixation measures. The air humidity in forest region was relatively large,and the climate was more stable. The climate in desert area was dry,with intense changes in air temperature. Although the solar radiation utilization rate of desert vegetation per unit area in Minqin oasis fringe was 5. 8% of that of 100% coverage vegetation,it had non-ignorable significance in regulating temperature of local desert. Regulating temperature was one of the ecological functions of desert vegetation. Previous studies only considered wind proof and sand-fixation functions of desert vegetation,but ignored its temperature regulation effect,and this was the ecological function of vegetation sand control different from physical sand-fixation measures such as sand barrier. [Conclusion]It has important theoretical guiding significance and practical use value for prevention and control of desertification by studying ecological function of desert plants/vegetation.

Comparative Analysis of Wind break and Sand fixation Functions of Several Main Forage Plants in Minqin Desert Area

[Objective] The paper was to study wind-break and sand-fixation functions of forage plants in desert area. [Method]Based on the survey data of four major wind-break and sand-fixation plants( Haloxylon ammondendron,Artemisia arenaria,Nitraria tangutorum and Ephedra przewalskii) in Minqin desert area,the longitudinal section area and the sandpile volume of an individual plant and per unit area were calculated. The wind-break and sand-fixation functions of four major plant communities were comparatively analyzed. [Result] The wind-break functions of an individual plant( cluster) successively were N. tangutorum > H. ammondendron > A. arenaria and E. przewalskii; the sand-fixation functions of an individual plant( cluster) successively were N. tangutorum > E. przewalskii; the wind-break functions per unit area successively were A. arenaria > H. ammondendron > N. tangutorum > E. przewalskii; the sand-fixation functions per unit area were N. tangutorum > E. przewalskii; the wind-break and sand-fixation function per unit area were N. tangutorum > A. arenaria > H. ammondendron >E. przewalskii.[Conclusion]A. arenaria can be selected for only wind-break,and N. tangutorum can be chosen for only sand-fixation. If given consideration to both,N. tangutorum and A. arenaria must be selected.

Lake Area Changes and the main causes in the hinterland of Badain Jaran Desert during 1973–2010,China

Lake area information in the Badain Jaran Desert in 1973,1990,2000,and 2010 was obtained by visual interpretation and water index analysis of remote sensing images,based on the spatial and temporal characteristics of lake area changes during 37 years.Results indicated that the number of lakes declined from 94 to 82 and the total surface area was reduced by 3.69 km2during1973–2010.The desert lake area reduced by different degrees in different periods,but this occurred most rapidly during1973–1990.According to the statistics of lake area changes,lake area decreases mainly occurred in the lakes with areas less than0.2 km2,while the areas of lakes greater than 0.9 km2only fluctuated.The changes of lake areas were probably due to changes in the quantity of underground water supplies rather than the effects of local climate change or human factors.

Experiment on Dust Flux During Duststorm Periods over Desert Area

The present study investigates the characteristics of turbulent transfer and the conditions for dust emis- sion and transport using the dust concentration and micrometeorological data obtained during dust events occurring in the spring of 2004 over the Huushandake desert area.The turbulent exchange coefficients and turbulent fluxes of momentum and heat are calculated.The relationships between dust flux,friction velocity, and wind speed are also explored.The results show that thermal turbulence is dominant during daytime of non-dnsty days.The dynamic turbulence increases obviously and the sensible heat flux reduces by different degrees during dust events.There is an efficient downward transfer of momentum before duststorm occur- rence,and both the dynamic turbulence and the thermal turbulence are important in the surface layer.The dynamic turbulence even exceeds the thermal turbulence during severe dnststorm events.The values of dust flux vary in the range of -5-5,-30-30,and -200-300μg m^(-2) s^(-1) during non-dusty days,blowing dust, and duststorm events,respectively.A slight upward transport of dust is observed during non-dnsty days. The dust flux gradually varies from positive to negative during dnststorm periods,which indicates the time evolution of dust events from dust rising to stably suspending and then deposition.The dust flux is found to be proportional to u_*~3.The threshold values of wind speed and friction velocity are about 6 and 0.4 m s^(-1),respectively.

Study on the Resistance Indexes of Four Kinds of Desert Plants in Qinghai Lake Area

[Objective] The research aimed to study the resistance of four kinds of desert plants in Qinhai Lake area.[Method] By contrasting the resistance indexes of four kinds of plants which included Ephedra intermedia,Stellera chamaejasme,Achnatherum splendens and Xanthopappus subacaulis,the resistance of four kinds of plants in Qinghai Lake area was analyzed.The resistance indexes included the soluble protein,MDA,free Pro content and the activities of SOD,POD,CAT.Moreover,the resistance of four kinds of plants was evaluated comprehensively by using Fuzzy membership function method.[Result] Under the low-temperature and arid adversity in Qinghai Lake area,SOD activity presented as Stellera chamaejasme>Xanthopappus subacaulis>Ephedra intermedia>Achnatherum splendens,and CAT activity presented as Stellera chamaejasme>Xanthopappus subacaulis>Achnatherum splendens>Ephedra intermedia.Under the same high-salt environment,CAT activity of Stellera chamaejasme was eight times higher than that of Ephedra intermedia.It illustrated that the salt resistance of Stellera chamaejasme was stronger than that of Ephedra intermedia.The free Pro content showed as Xanthopappus subacaulis>Ephedra intermedia>Stellera chamaejasme>Achnatherum splendens.Under the same adversity,Pro content of Ephedra intermedia was 2.83 times of Stellera chamaejasme.It was because that MDA content in Stellera chamaejasme was the lowest,and the membranous peroxide harm was the smallest.It caused that Pro content (stress penetration material) was low.It also illustrated that the resistance of Stellera chamaejasme was stronger than that of Ephedra intermedia.The comprehensive evaluation of Fuzzy membership function showed that the resistance presented as Xanthopappus subacaulis>Stellera chamaejasme>Ephedra intermedia>Achnatherum splendens.[Conclusion] The research provided the theory basis for the breeding of drought-resistance new variety and the development of good germ plasm resource in Qinghai Lake area.

Geochemical Stream Sediment Survey in the Wadi Umm Rilan Area,South Eastern Desert,Egypt:A New Occurrence for Gold Mineralization

The present paper investigates the stream sediment geochemistry,behavior of gold and associated elements,delineates Au-anomalous sites and defines related sources in the Wadi Umm Rilan area.Fifty three major and trace elements were analyzed using ICP-MS and treated applying various statistical and mapping techniques.The results showed a significant difference of mean and median Au and most chemical elements in the three portions of the area,and higher values were recorded in the western portion.Furthermore,Au-anomalous sites appeared in upper and lower parts of the Wadi Umm Rilan,along the tributaries of metavolcanic unit and near granitoid contacts.This indicates the main source of Au mineralization is related to emplacement of granitoid plutons and accompanying hydrothermal solutions.There are significant indications for the presence of more than one mineralization event forming a probable single major episode of mineralization in the area,involving Au,Pb and U mineralizations.Geology,geomorphologic aspects and weathering processes could control stream sediment geochemistry,anomalies of Au and associated elements,elemental association and their dispersion patterns.Therefore,the area is fruitful and regarded as a promising target for Au exploration,using Ag,As,Sb,Cd,Cs,and Tl as pathfinder elements.

Rehabilitation and Sustainable Use Pattern of Rocky-desertified Land in Southwest China’s Poverty-stricken Karst Mountainous Areas——A Case Study in Benggu Township, Xichou County, Yunnan, China

The rocky desert in a karst area directly causes the lack of soil, water and forest, hence leading to the poverty there. In 1990, the villagers from the Muzhe Village in Benggu Township, Xichou County, Yunnan declared a war against rocky desert in an attempt to ask the fields for more yields. They invented a distinctive land rehabilitation and sustainable use pattern called “transforming heavenand earth” that had been practiced in Southwest China’s karst areas. The key mechanism of the pattern was to develop terraced fields with well conserved soil, water and fertility by exploding rocks in the fields, building stone walls, gathering more soil, and improving soil quality and productivity for the fields in combination with building of irrigation facilities and roads, as well as with forestation and agriculture structure adjustment. The purpose of the pattern was to alleviate poverty in the karst areas by improving soil productivity and promoting agriculturaldevelopment. A typical area was studied with the help of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and the pattern was carried out there for fifteen years, have produced excellent ecological benefits and good economic benefits. Its application in the area approved that it was a sustainable land use pattern for rocky desert areas.

Depth and Structural Parameters Determination of the Sedimentary Basin in Atmur Nuqra Area, South Eastern Desert, Egypt Using Aeromagnetic Data Analysis

The study area is located at the south of the eastern desert of Egypt between latitudes 24°N to 25°N and longitudes 33°E to 33°50'E covering an area of about 9407 km2. The study area is mainly covered with sediments whose age extends from the upper Cretaceous to the Quaternary, in addition to the presence of some basement rocks such as younger granites, metasediments and metagabbro. The research aims essentially to determine the thickness of the sedimentary basin by determining the depth to the top of basement and delineating the subsurface geological structures which affected this sedimentary basin. The Euler depth map exhibited that the north parts of the area have shallow depth values from 1000 m to 2000 m. The southern parts also show a shallow to moderate depths ranging from 1000 m to 2400 m. The deepest parts are located at the middle and at the western parts and are ranging in value from 3000 m to more than 4000 m. The horizontal derivative and tilt derivative techniques proved that the most effective trends all over the study area are NW-SE and NE-SW directions as mentioned in geologic lineaments map. The basement tectonic map shows clearly all the faults affected the area. It shows that there are many high blocks trending mainly in NW-SE and NE-SW directions. All high blocks surround a large sedimentary basin reaches depth of about more than 4000 m. All the results produced from 2D-modeling illustrate that the sedimentary basinal area (G2) is the deeper basin all over the area and it is controlled by some faults and fractures. 3D inversion was used and resulted in that the area of study have many high blocks at shallow to moderate depths which surrounding a large sedimentary basinal area with very deep depth values. All the techniques which applied in this research led to that the largest sedimentary basin is located at the center of the study area with NW-SE trend and depth value of about 4000 m.

干旱砾漠区不同地貌单元植物群落特征及其与环境因子的关系

探究干旱砾漠区不同地貌单元植物群落特征及其驱动力,对干旱区不同地貌单元针对性的自然植物群落保护措施制定与合理的人工恢复植物群落构建具有重要意义。该研究分析了干旱砾漠区砾漠戈壁、风蚀残丘、风沙地和河谷地4种微地貌单元植物群落结构、组成与多样性特征,并基于土壤和微气象因子监测探究了不同地貌单元影响植物群落变化的主要生态因子。结果表明:(1)干旱砾漠区植物群落呈斑块状分布,垂直结构1~2层,生活型主要以1年生植物和小灌木为主;不同地貌单元中砾漠戈壁灌木约占45%,风蚀残丘和风沙地1年生植物约占50%,河谷地植物群落包含所有统计的5种生活型,其中包括少量乔木和藤本植物。(2)干旱砾漠区河谷地的植物群落覆盖度、植株密度、群落多样性和稳定性最高,风蚀残丘次之,在植物分布稀疏的砾漠戈壁和群落结构最简单的风沙地植物群落多样性和稳定性最低。(3)土壤含水率、有机质、可溶性盐和地表温度是影响干旱砾漠区植物多样性、生产力和群落稳定性的主要因子,除此之外,风蚀残丘的土壤容重、砾漠戈壁和风沙地的地表风速也是影响各自微地貌单元植物群落特征的主要因子。综上所述,干旱砾漠区生态受损后应依据不同微地貌单元中影响植物群落的主要生态因子制定相对应的植被恢复措施,如砾漠戈壁地貌减小地表温度、通过土壤质量改善在风蚀残丘和风沙地恢复建群种、河谷地生态用水的维系等。

干旱砾漠区不同微地貌单元土壤性状及真菌群落变化特征

探明干旱砾漠区不同微地貌单元土壤性状、真菌群落组成特征及其变化驱动因素,对于该区土壤真菌群落构建机制的理论研究和针对性生态损伤修复策略制定的实践指导具有重要意义。本文首先对比了干旱砾漠区4种微地貌单元(风蚀残丘、砾漠戈壁、河谷和风沙地)土壤理化性质、真菌α多样性及群落组成的变化特征,再结合不同微地貌单元植物群落特性和微气象因子测定,探究了各微地貌单元影响土壤真菌群落的主要生态因子。结果表明:(1)干旱砾漠区土壤均为砂质土壤,其中风沙地砂粒含量最大且黏粒含量最小,而河谷土壤粒径组成则相反;河谷和砾漠戈壁之间土壤容重和有机质含量无显著差异但显著高于其他两种微地貌单元;河谷土壤可溶性盐含量显著低于其他微地貌单元21.4%,但土壤含水量显著高出39.3%;速效养分中除砾漠戈壁的速效氮与速效钾、风蚀残丘的速效磷含量显著较低外,其他微地貌单元速效养分并未表现出显著性差异。(2)土壤真菌α多样性中,Shannon-Wiener指数、Pieloue指数和Simpson指数均表现为在风沙地显著降低而其他微地貌单元差异不明显,但Chao1多样性指数没有显著差异;真菌群落组成在门水平上,不同微地貌单元都以子囊菌门和担子菌门为优势菌门,其中子囊菌门在砾漠戈壁和风蚀残丘优势度最大,担子菌门在河谷占比最大;在属水平上,风蚀残丘的新凸轮孢菌属、暗茎草属,砾漠戈壁的新凸轮孢菌属、光黑壳,河谷的曲霉属、链格孢属,风沙地的金银花属、新凸轮孢菌属分别为各地貌单元土壤真菌群落优势属。(3)土壤含水量、有机质、速效氮、可溶性盐是影响干旱砾漠区不同微地貌单元土壤真菌群落结构变化的共同关键因子,风沙地的土壤机械组成、风蚀残丘的地表温度、光辐射强度、砾漠戈壁的地表风速和河谷的地表植被生物量分别为各自地貌单元影响土壤真菌群落的差异化生态因子。