Data Driven Uncertainty Evaluation for Complex Engineered System Design

Complex engineered systems are often difficult to analyze and design due to the tangled interdependencies among their subsystems and components. Conventional design methods often need exact modeling or accurate structure decomposition, which limits their practical application. The rapid expansion of data makes utilizing data to guide and improve system design indispensable in practical engineering. In this paper, a data driven uncertainty evaluation approach is proposed to support the design of complex engineered systems. The core of the approach is a data-mining based uncertainty evaluation method that predicts the uncertainty level of a specific system design by means of analyzing association relations along different system attributes and synthesizing the information entropy of the covered attribute areas, and a quantitative measure of system uncertainty can be obtained accordingly. Monte Carlo simulation is introduced to get the uncertainty extrema, and the possible data distributions under different situations is discussed in detail The uncertainty values can be normalized using the simulation results and the values can be used to evaluate different system designs. A prototype system is established, and two case studies have been carded out. The case of an inverted pendulum system validates the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the case of an oil sump design shows the practicability when two or more design plans need to be compared. This research can be used to evaluate the uncertainty of complex engineered systems completely relying on data, and is ideally suited for plan selection and performance analysis in system design.

Product Data Model for Performance-driven Design

When designing large-sized complex machinery products, the design focus is always on the overall per- formance; however, there exist no design theory and method based on performance driven. In view of the defi- ciency of the existing design theory, according to the performance features of complex mechanical products, the performance indices are introduced into the traditional design theory of ＂Requirement-Function-Structure＂ to construct a new five-domain design theory of ＂Client Requirement-Function-Performance-Structure-Design Parameter＂. To support design practice based on this new theory, a product data model is established by using per- formance indices and the mapping relationship between them and the other four domains. When the product data model is applied to high-speed train design and combining the existing research result and relevant standards, the corresponding data model and its structure involving five domains of high-speed trains are established, which can provide technical support for studying the relationships between typical performance indices and design parame- ters and the fast achievement of a high-speed train scheme design. The five domains provide a reference for the design specification and evaluation criteria of high speed train and a new idea for the train＇s parameter design.

Suburban Sightseeing Farm Design from the Perspective of Behaviordriven Design

Suburban sightseeing farm has always been restrained by such problems as focusing on form and visual effect, low design level, poor depth, similarity with others, poor sustainability and so on. This paper proposed major characteristics of sightseeing farm design based on core connotations of behavior-driven design from the perspective of cognitive psychology. Cases were taken to analyze the design techniques of sightseeing farm, and it was concluded that sightseeing farm design based on behavior-driven perspective should orient to performancebased, refi ned, individualized and participatory from the four perspectives of highlighting functions, deepening the details, stressing originality, and optimizing experience, in order to provide new thoughts for solving existing problems of current sightseeing farm design.

Semantic-driven method for designing 3D busbars

Traditional busbar design is inefficient, costly, and error-prone because of frequent changes of requirements. This paper proposes a semantic-driven method for designing 3D busbars to solve this problem. The design process contains two main parts, namely, semantic-driven routing design and automatic routing segmentation. Semantic-driven routing design creates a relation table between electrical semantics and 3D modeling parameters, as well as helps designers create routings efficiently using electrical parameters as input. Automatic routing segmentation can convert routings into busbar segments that also include manufacturing information. Because the design operations are associated with one another, the resulting busbars can automatically be changed in real time when requirements are changed.

《InDesign版式设计》课程创新教学探索

《InDesign版式设计》课程是数字媒体应用技术专业的专业课程,这门课程主要讲授一款专业排版软件InDesign,在排版设计领域,它主要应用于广告、传单、海报、书籍出版、印刷等众多领域。结合该课程的特点,文章从课程的教学内容、教学方法和考核方式三个方面展开创新探索。

A Review on Cable-driven Parallel Robots

Cable-driven parallel robots(CDPRs) are categorized as a type of parallel manipulators. In CDPRs, flexible cables are used to take the place of rigid links. The particular property of cables provides CDPRs several advantages, including larger workspaces, higher payload-to-weight ratio and lower manufacturing costs rather than rigid-link robots. In this paper, the history of the development of CDPRs is introduced and several successful latest application cases of CDPRs are presented. The theory development of CDPRs is introduced focusing on design, performance analysis and control theory. Research on CDPRs gains wide attention and is highly motivated by the modern engineering demand for large load capacity and workspace. A number of exciting advances in CDPRs are summarized in this paper since it is proposed in the 1980 s, which points to a fruitful future both in theory and application. In order to meet the increasing requirements of robot in different areas, future steps foresee more in-depth research and extension applications of CDPRs including intelligent control, composite materials, integrated and reconfigurable design.

CADENCE系统上Timing-Driven设计流程探讨

本文首先介绍了亚微米领域集成电路中的寄生参数选取模型 ,然后给出了一种称之为时序驱动的设计流程 ,并对其中的关键步骤和工具作了简要介绍 ,着重介绍了布局布线工具SE中的时序驱动设计方法 。

基于专业认证的Altium Designer教学实践

以工程教育专业认证为背景,阐述对Altium Designer课程教学中的问题,提出课程教学改革和课程教学大纲的设计,探讨案例驱动的教学设计、组织课堂教学内容、教学方法与完善考核体系,从而通过培养体系中创新创业实践平台,进一步实现教学效果。

新医科背景下医学生的Python课程教学设计与实践

在新医科背景下,分析医学生开设Python编程课程的重要意义。针对在医学生Python教学中存在的挑战,从课程组织、教材选择、课程设计和教学模式等方面,将医学数据管理与Python编程教学深度融合,设计并实践了新的Python课程教学方法。经过4年多的教学研究实践,将Python的代码实现与医学知识相融合,启发学生通过实际医学项目应用他们所学的知识,培养学生的问题解决和数据分析能力。通过设计调查问卷和形成性评价的形式对课程实施效果进行评价,课程在增强学生学习Python编程兴趣和提高Python应用能力方面收到了很好的效果。课程组以高质量教育培育高水平、高素质、高融合医科人才为目标,通过医学信息数据处理案例为中心组织课堂,紧跟人工智能、深度学习等新技术,培养新医科人才,服务于“健康中国”大目标。

设计驱动的产品颠覆性创新方法研究

通过设计驱动创新与颠覆性创新的理论研究,提出了包含意义发掘、功能系统调整、产品语言表达3个阶段的设计驱动产品颠覆性创新过程模型,以完善设计领域对于颠覆性创新方法的研究。首先基于SET洞察市场趋势设想新意义,由内而外接受批评以发掘可行性意义;然后对目标用户进行研究,运用AD将功能需求转化为设计参数,并与源产品技术对比进而进行技术调整,获得颠覆性创新技术解;接着将新意义特征及提升、添加技术所对应的部件确定为意义诠释区域,并采用类比推理选取样本;最后通过相似性分析确定设计原型并提取其特征要素,利用可拓变换优化产品语言表达,获得颠覆性创新产品语言解。以电动轮椅设计为实例验证了该模型的可行性,为其他设计驱动的产品颠覆性创新提供参考。

复杂系统测试性设计与故障诊断策略研究进展

测试性设计是提高系统可靠性、安全性、维修性、保障性的重要前沿技术,决定了系统故障检测率和隔离率,直接影响系统的维护(测试)成本。系统测试性设计包含结构化设计、模型化设计、数据驱动设计等多种设计策略。其中,数据驱动设计于近年逐渐兴起并成为重要发展方向之一,该类方法通过对系统测试与故障之间的关系进行建模,依据测试结果进行故障推理,形成故障诊断方案。首先,简要回顾了系统测试性设计的发展历程;其次,重点介绍了测试性设计的研究进展,分析总结了结构化、模型化、数据驱动3类测试方案;然后,介绍了测试性诊断策略构建,根据测试方案中的建模方法确定诊断策略的构建技术,并总结归纳了每类技术的研究特点和适用性;最后,探讨了当前复杂系统测试性设计面临的挑战性问题和可能的未来研究方向。

技术与商业驱动的群智创新设计

目的结合人工智能时代下社会面临的新问题及现代设计的新使命,提出了技术与商业驱动的群智创新设计思维。方法以设计全球化、新一代人工智能及数字化生存现状为时代背景,阐述了群智创新设计在新时代下的创新本质,并从技术和商业的多元视角阐述了群智创新设计的多元内涵。结果构建了以设计为牵引,技术与商业驱动的群智创新设计模型,并结合具体案例阐述了群智创新设计的优势。结论群智创新设计注重智能技术和群体智慧的结合,是一场复杂系统层面的螺旋式创新演化。以设计为牵引、技术为支撑、商业为激励的群智创新设计方法借用现代网络平台优势及大数据、人工智能、区块链等信息技术赋能,利用群体智慧的协同作用,聚集社会中更多、更好的知识源,以助力创新创造,为社会创造共赢价值。

新能源汽车动力电池及管理技术课程教学设计与实施

为培养新能源汽车后市场急需的高素质技术技能型人才,针对新能源汽车技术专业教学过程与生产过程脱节、教学内容与工作内容不匹配的问题,以新能源汽车技术专业核心课新能源汽车动力电池及管理技术课程为例,对该课程进行了整体教学设计并在新能源汽车技术专业中应用。根据岗位能力需求、课程标准、“1+X”证书考核标准确定教学目标,重构课程内容,在分析学生学情的基础上,充分利用校企优势资源因材施教。以企业真实的生产任务为教学载体,基于问题导向,采用任务驱动教学法,通过“三阶段七环节”实施教学。通过多元化、多维度、过程性评价促进学生能力全面提升。

高职“机械设计基础”课程混合式教学改革创新路径研究

基于“机械设计基础”这门课程的特点和高职学习者学情,探索“学做研创”专业基础课程改革路径,通过设计不同的产品结构设计主题,以机械产品设计为主线,有机融入“机械原理设计→机械结构设计→机械产品评价”教学方式,创新实施基于成果导向的“1+1+N”线上线下混合式教学模式,以宿舍为单位组建学习型组织,团队协作完成不同难易程度的机械作品以检验学习成果,实现“教与学、学与做、做与创”深度融合,让“学习者成为课堂主体”“教师成为课堂主导教练员”,打造高效优质金课堂。

数据驱动的鞋楦设计现状及发展综述

鞋楦是制鞋成型过程中的模具,是链接足与鞋的重要纽带,传统的鞋楦设计囿于楦师手工和经验,难以实现高效准确的大规模个性化定制。鉴于此,本文结合数字智能化技术的发展,对比国内外鞋楦设计的研究现状,明确当今鞋楦设计的趋势和我国在该领域面临的挑战;提出了数据驱动的鞋楦设计内涵、优势及新特点;介绍了数据驱动的足-楦一体式设计流程,为鞋楦领域研究人员提供参考与借鉴。

“无线通信原理”实践课程设计

针对现有教学以课堂授课为主要形式的状况,该文对“无线通信原理”的实践课程设计进行了讨论。该课程以二维图像为输入输出的通信系统作为实验对象,该系统涵盖信源编码、信道编码、调制解调和信道等模块。通过学生自主设计,深化对信息传输基本流程和不同信道影响的理解,同时提高实践能力。相对于传统实践课程,该实践课程更注重整个通信系统的设计,并引入5G时代先进的低密度奇偶校验码技术,加深学生对通信系统的理解,并对传输性能有直观的体验,为无线通信实践型人才培养提供新思路。

仿生太阳能驱动界面蒸发器的进展与挑战

太阳能驱动界面蒸发(SDIE)作为一种高效、可持续的水资源获取方法,近年来受到了广泛的关注。基于仿生原理设计的太阳能驱动界面蒸发器在提高能源转换效率、降低盐结晶和抗污染等方面展现了巨大的潜力,在解决淡水资源紧缺和能源短缺等问题上发挥重要作用。该文梳理了近年来的仿生学在SDIE领域的应用,对比了仿生太阳能驱动界面蒸发器的结构、性能和仿生机理,探讨了不同类型仿生太阳能驱动界面蒸发器的优缺点,分析了仿生太阳能驱动界面蒸发器所面临的共性问题,并提出了未来的研究挑战。

多源数据驱动街区空间品质提升设计方法探索——以上海城市设计挑战赛获奖方案为例

伴随城镇化阶段转型,提升街区空间品质正成为新时期城市设计的工作重点。同时,网络信息技术的快速发展也正在改变传统城市设计的工作语境,为街区空间品质的提升带来更多可能性。新数据技术在街区型城市设计的应用上目前存在着研究维度相对单一、内容不够全面等问题,难以在整体上客观反映街区空间品质及环境要素之间的有机关系。首先,将城市设计学科的整体观与新数据技术的集成性有效融合,探讨存量更新背景下街区空间品质提升的理论内涵、内容构成与目标理念。其次,利用多源数据组合优势,建构多维度、多要素的综合品质研究框架、设计指标体系以及相应的技术路径。最后,以西陵家宅路、文定坊商业街坊和小陆家嘴金融商务街区为例,通过关键基础指标、问题诊断、目标愿景、策略框架与设计成果评估等技术环节的解析,初步验证该技术方法在不同街区环境中的可应用性。

应用型本科工业设计专业“全流程递进式项目驱动”课程体系探索与实践

为提高应用型本科工业设计专业学生基于设计项目全流程的实践创新能力,进行了“全流程递进式项目驱动”课程体系探索与实践。该体系以设计项目为载体,以产品开发全流程为线索,建构了横纵贯通的课程结构,开发了循环叠加、递进的课程内容,组建了项目专题教学团队,创新了项目驱动教学方法。通过多年的教学实践,学生的设计实践与创新能力得到全面增强,多项课程设计作品被企业采纳或荣获国际设计大奖,培养成果卓然。同时,教师的教学水平和科研能力也获得快速提升,主持和参与了多项省部级课题,教科研成果显著。“全流程递进式项目驱动”课程体系实现了强化实践与探索创新的统一,把控全局与整合知识的统一,循环递进与启迪思维的统一,以及名师引领与自我成长的统一,为应用型本科工业设计专业课程教学提供了可借鉴的新范式。