信控交叉口借道左转设计的延误优化研究

为准确分析交叉口借道左转设计的左转延误,针对现有的延误模型的不足,建立一个合适的延误优化模型,并提升其设置的科学性。先对逆向车道长度进行优化;再通过分析左转车辆的累计到达驶离曲线,以左转总延误最小为优化目标,建立一种新的考虑预信号延误的优化模型;最后,以长沙市芙蓉中路一个交叉口为实例,进行验证,分析左转到达流率对借道左转设计延误的影响及逆向车道长度对左转车均延误的影响。研究结果表明:左转流率越大,越能充分发挥借道左转设计的优势,该模型的左转延误下降可达59.21%;当左转流量偏低时,预信号位置的延误占比较大,随着左转流量的增大,传统车道和逆向车道的延误占比逐步增加。该研究可以准确评价借道左转设计的实用性和优劣程度,对借道左转设计的推广与应用具有重要意义。

Optimal design of left-lane line extensions considering non-yielding maneuvers at the beginning of the permitted phase

In order to restrict non-yielding maneuvers of left-turning vehicles,an optimal design of left-lane line extensions is proposed to solve the problem.A field observation was conducted to collect a data set of left-turning vehicles at the beginning of a green phase at two similar intersections(one with a permitted phase and the other with a protected phase).The comparative analysis shows no significant difference in the speed distribution using either a permitted phase or a protected phase,but it reveals that a permitted phase can lead to a larger acceleration when the left-turn vehicles pass through the conflict points.Those indicate the existence of non-yielding maneuvers of left-turn vehicles at signalized intersections with a permitted phase.Optimal designed left-lane line extensions contain two types of segments,circular curves and transition curves,and they are only related to four geometry parameters of an intersection.The proposed method is easy to use and it can offer reference for intersection channelization and traffic organization.

双开口式逆流左转车道几何设计及信号配时优化

为解决单开口式(即仅有1个预信号开口)逆流左转车道(即通过预信号控制动态借用的出口车道)的长度与左转交通需求匹配效果不佳的问题,通过对单开口式逆流左转车道的设计进行分析,提出1种双开口式(即设置2个预信号开口)逆流左转车道的设计及控制方法。结合逆流左转车道的车辆运行规则,分析单开口式、双开口式逆流左转车道上车辆排队行为特征差异,构建逆流左转车道通行能力计算模型和延误计算模型。考虑主预信号协调控制、饱和度、交通波传递等约束条件,以车均延误最小为优化目标,采用0-1变量表示各个预信号开口是否启用,将常规设计、单开口式、双开口式信号配时整合到1个统一的混合整数非线性规划优化模型中,并给出逆流左转车道长度的设计依据。通过案例分析发现:①在逆流左转车道长度为80 m时,交叉口通行能力提升幅度最大;②当通行能力满足需求时,逆流左转车道长度越短,交叉口延误降低越明显;③若为保证通行能力而采用较长的逆流左转车道时,双开口式逆流左转车道通行效率优于单开口式;④综合考虑延误、通行能力等因素,单开口式逆流左转车道长度宜设置为40~60 m,而双开口式宜设置为80 m左右;⑤双开口式逆流左转车道可根据需要选择是否启用每个预信号开口,应用较为灵活,适用于各种流量场景。

Optimal control of automated left-turn platoon at contraflow left-turn lane intersections

Purpose–This study aims to propose a centralized optimal control model for automated left-turn platoon at contraflow left-turn lane(CLL)intersections.Design/methodology/approach–The lateral lane change control and the longitudinal acceleration in the control horizon are optimized simultaneously with the objective of maximizing traffic efficiency and smoothness.The proposed model is cast into a mixed-integer linear programming problem and then solved by the branch-and-bound technique.Findings–The proposed model has a promising control effect under different geometric controlled conditions.Moreover,the proposed model performs robustly under various safety time headways,lengths of the CLL and green times of the main signal.Originality/value–This study proposed a centralized optimal control model for automated left-turn platoon at CLL intersections.The lateral lane change control and the longitudinal acceleration in the control horizon are optimized simultaneously with the objective of maximizing traffic efficiency and smoothness。

基于通行能力的借对向车道左转交叉口信号控制模型优化

借道左转是一种在交叉口现有车道设置基本不变的情况下,为了保证更多的左转车辆可以快速通过交叉口而借用对向出口车道进行左转的新型交通组织方式。该交通组识方式适用于当前有专用左转信号相位且左转车流量较大的交叉口。基于苏州市人民路-十梓街交叉口的实际运行困境,在该交叉口进口道进行借对向车道左转的渠化设计和信号控制方案设计,以此来提高交叉口的交通流通行效率。通过分析车流到达情况和车道使用情况,基于传统交叉口通行能力公式,建立借道左转交叉口通行能力模型。接着以左转通行能力最大为目标,以预信号时长、借道左转车道的开口位置为优化变量,建立了交叉口信号控制方案优化模型,并采用迭代算法进行求解。最后通过仿真试验,利用人民路-十梓街交叉口的实际运行数据对所建立的优化控制方案进行验证,证明模型的有效性。结果表明:优化后的借道左转方案可以提高左转机动车通行能力,降低进口道延误,提高交叉口的整体运行效率;对于设置了借道左转车道的两个南北向进口道,左转车道的平均延误分别降低了35%和33%,平均排队长度也有显著下降,且对没有设置借道左转的东西进口道影响较小,说明该借道左转组织方案在左转车流量较大的交叉口适用性良好,具有实践价值和可操作性。